Three Year -1922-P 2 APPLICATION OF TRIGONOMETRY FIITJEE PACKAGE HINTS AND SOLUTIONS CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS. 1. From the top of a tower 180 m high, it was observed that the angle of depression of the bottom of a cat siting on the ground was 30° Find the distance of the cat from the foot of the tower. 1. 311.7m BC A 4, BOL corso = v5 180 als = BC=180/3m 160m Tower cat oO IN 8 c 2. The angle of elevation of the top of a tower at a distance 100 m from its foot on a horizontal plane is found to be 60°. Find the height of ower. 2 1732m AB A 2. = tan60° = 100 “ = AB =100V3m. Tower Oo NN B 100m 3. Aperson standing on the bank of a river observes that the angle subtended by a tree on the ‘opposite bank is 60°, when he retreats 40 m from the bank he finds the angle to be 30° Find the height of the tree and the breadth of the river. 3. 34.64 mand 20 m5. Let B and C are two points on opposite A bank of river and BC is width of river. Let AB =h, BC = x Tree | Of NN =h=20V3 B 7 om ‘Two towers of the same height stand on either side of a road 60 m wide. At a point on the road between the towers, the elevations of the towers are 60° and 30°. Find the height of the towers, 25.98 m Let heights of tower CD =h mand BP BD = 60 m=PD=60-x In ABP, = =tan60° = h= 3x xm A c h h 4 n30 V3 A oo natg Dm A or o 60-x 3 Blox P 60-x Dp So, h=15V3 From the top a cif, 200 m high, the angle of depression of the top and bottom of a tower are observed to be 30° and 60°. Find the height of tower. 10m 3 Here AB represents cif and DC represent A tower AB in asc, AB " BC 200 D € cit h Tower AE 200-h_ 4 400 AE tango > =a n= 80m ” ED 200 3 B St, we ‘Aman on the top of a rock rising on a sea shore observes a boat coming towards it. If it takes 10 minutes for the angle of depression to change from 30° to 60°, how soon the boat reach the shore. 5 minuteLet AB = hm, BC = ym and speed of boat =x mimin A = CD=10xm In aRBC, P—tan6o* >h=Vy h ‘ In AABD, 30 Rock yee oY 4 os yntx y+i0x 3 Time to reach from C to B = S* = 5; e DA ime to teach from 5 sin ed ote The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from two places 10 km apart are found to be 60” and 30° respectively. Find the height of aeroplane. sy3km Let aeroplane is at A and height of A aetopiane is Al In AADC, x sh=VBx 8 oxs5oh=58 F B ‘A round balloon of radius 'r' subtends an angle a at the eye of the observer. While the angle of elevation of its centre is fs. Find the height of the centre of balloon. reosee($)sin Let observer be at Athen ZBAC= a => ZBAO= ZCAO = and ZOAD =p oc In soca, Oe 2 in 2 = OA=reosec = oD In s0DA, Sy = sind = 0D=reosec$ sin10. 10. 10. "1 1. "1 12, 12 It the shadow of a tower is 30 m when the sun’s altitude is 30°. What is the length of shadow when the sun's altitude is 60° 40m Let AB is tower and BD is length of shadow when A sun's altitudes is 30° and BC = x mis length of shadow when Sur's altitude is 60° In ange, & N60 =\F—h=V3x (i) h oA . i h In AABD, >= tan30 eo an= 30 (0) ‘on solving equation (i) and equation (i) we get x=10 Oo AN B xm C 7 <—m—> ‘A palm tree 90 ft high broken by the wind and its upper part meet the ground at an angle of, 30” . Find the distance of the point where the top of tree meets the ground from its root 51.96 ft. Let AB be palm tree, After Breaking at point Cis B top B touches ground and B’ hn e From figure, sin30° = al Again, SA AB c 90-h h A— 1x > 8 From a point 20m away from the foot of a tower, the angle of elevation of top of tower is 30” . Find the height of tower. 11.56 m From figure G 20 h Tower o iN Am —— ‘A ladder against a wall such that it just reaches the top of wall. The foot of ladder is 1.5 m ‘away from the wall and the ladder is incined at an angle of 60° with ground. Find the height of wall 2.598 m12, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15, 15. From figure, ¢ =tan60" = 3 15 h=1.5¥3m ir Ladder o IN A 15 ‘An electric poll is 10m high. A stee! wire tied to top of the pole is affixed at a point on the ‘ground to keep the pole upright. If the wire makes an angle of 45° with the horizontal through the foot of the pole, find the length of wie. 14.44 m Let length of wire, AC = x ¢ From figure * sin 45° > x=10V2 x Poll a O IN B c A balloon is connected to a meteorological ground station by a cable of length 215 m inclined at 60° to horizontal. Determine the height of balloon from ground. Assume that there is no slack in cable, 486.19 m From figure, Balloon h A oh sing0° = 25 sr-258 215 h O IN B c ‘A bridge across a river makes an angle of 45° with the river bank. If the length of bridge ‘across the river is 150 m, what is width of river? 106.05 m Let lines | and m represent opposite banks of river. AC represent bridge and AB is width of river. In SABC, = sin ds? 180 758 2 x 750 48" —_A*%o 3m c 8ASSIGNMENT SUBJECTIVE SECTION A ‘The angle of elevation of a Jet plane from a point P, on the ground is 60°. After fight of 15 seconds, the angle of elevation changes to 30°. If the Jet plane is flying at a constant height, of 1500V3 m, find the speed of the Jet plane, 720 krvhr Let A and B represent position of jet plane at time of observations Let CD =x and CP =y x In aAcP, sso an60° = V3 B, sy =1500 In ABDP, 1500V8 « tanggr = 1500V5 «1 15008 +Y 51800" 5 15005 =x =3000 Time taken to cover distance, x = 3000 m 30°, in 18 seconds 60) So, p< —3¢<—__y —> P specs = 2022. 200m see= 7204 he ‘A man on the top of cif 100 metre high, observes the angles of depression of two points on the opposite sides of the cliff as 30° and 60° respectively. Find the distance between the two points 400 We 100 1 i 100 yo In AABD, x tan30 B A = x= 1008 100 In ABC, Ayn taneo? = 8 ay 190 100 m ve ° Distance between two points ZY py 30 NN 4100 _ 409, <—_y —8 x —> = x+y =10073 + 100 - 400, ? BB ‘The length of the shadow of a person is x when the angle of elevation of the sun is 45°. If the length of the shadow increases by (/3 - 1)x, then find the angle of elevation of the sun. 30°Let AB be person having height h. A In aABC, "= tanas* > h=x In AABD, a stand x4 (V~1)x x 4 = tano= 2-1 Vax 8 ® 6 =30° A [NS BES (E-ijx D ‘A.tree is broken by wind, its upper part touches the ground at a point 10 metres from the foot Of the tree and makes an angle of 45°with the ground. Find approximately the entire length of the tree. 241m Let AB = y + x represent total height of At tee and itis broken at point C. : In ACBD, 7 = tan45* = x= 10 yi By Pythagoras theorem y= 10V2 : So, total height =10+10V2 G y x B 10 D Find the angle of elevation of the sun (sun's altitude) when the length of shadow of a vertical ole is equal to its height. 45° Let AB represent length of pole then A length of shadow, BC = AB =h AB I = In SABC, 5 = tand = tan 45° ' [Jo 8 h c ‘The string of a kite is 100 m. long and it makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal. Find the tof the kite, assuming there is no siack in the stringFrom figure, Pn singor = rr h=50v3 From a point on the ground 40 m away from the foot of a tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 30°. The angle of elevation of the top of a water tank (on the top of the tower) is 45°, Find approximately the height ofthe tower, 231m Let AD represent tank and BD represent A tower In AABC and DBC we have xeh h Tank =tan4s* and - tango" 40 40 D} =x+h=40 and n= 40 Tower |p 45° 30) B 40m c From the top of a cif 50m high, the angle of elevation of a tower is found to be equal to the ‘angle of depression of the foot of the tower. Find the height of the tower. 100m Let AB represent cliff and CE represent E tower. Then CD = AB= 50 m Aliso, AADE= SADC =DE=50m So, EC =100m 5 ASIo Git | 5 mn OS B c ‘A person observed the angle of elevation of the top of a tower is 30°. He walked 40 m towards the foot of the tower along level ground and found the angle of elevation of the top of the tower as 60°. Find the height of the tower. 20V3m10. 10. n "1 In app, "tango" = 3 h sxe ) eB (i) In aaBo, = tan30° +40 = VGh= x 40 ‘iy Tower (On solving equation (i) and (i) h=20v3 A300, 7 xD 40m C a From the figure, prove that on 5 and it A is given that'D’ be the mid point of BC. e B c A h CD 8 x Dx ¢ ‘A ladder rests against a wall at an angle «to the horizontal. its foot is pulled away from the wall through a distance ‘a’ so that it slides a distance ‘b’ down the wall making an angle with the horizontal. Find the ratio of a and b tanStB 2"1 12 12, 12 13, 13, Let AD and EC represent ladder. (having length |) in two situations, In aapp, 8S -cosp>B0= ‘cos Ec =BD=cosp-a AB In AABD, [= sin = AB= sina Now, Again in AABD, AB BD fsina _ sina Toosp-a cosa a cos cosa 7 Also, in AEBC, EB = AB-AE=/sina-b EB _ ésina-b_ sinf tanp=—— > BC {cosh cosp » Ai) Sina sinp From equation (i) and equation (ii) cosf\—cosa ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower at a point 120 m from its base is 45° How much higher should it be raised so that the elevation at the same point may become 60°. 120(8 -)m Let AB represent tower and it should be D raised AD =xm So that angle from point C is 60° x In aap, P=tan45° > h=120m a 120 xh - In ADBC, 75 = tan60? = V3. h 3 44120= 12048 = x=120( 8 ~ o ( c 8 120m From the top of a cif 200m high, the angles of depression of the top and the bottom of a tower are observed to be 30° and 60° respectively. Find the height of the tower. 133.33 m13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15, 16. Let AB represent cif and DC represent. =A tower tn ane, 48 -ran6or = 20 - 5 Bc x 200, 200-h m vB v AE 200-h_ 1 In aAED, SE = tan30° > E ED x Tower <> 8 o<—F-30 Can the angie of elevation of the top of a tower be 800°? No No, angle of elevation is always less than 90° From the top of a tower, the angles of depression of two objects on the same side of the tower are found to be a and pi(a>B). If the distance between the objects is P: show that te ; _ Planaitangs "he height ofthe tower i given by h= nT In ABD. A h bh tana x= Oy xan ‘anager “O In aABc, "= =tanp tan : a h From equation () and equation (i) “h_ _h-PianB _,_ PtanBiana fara tanp. " tana-tanp b iN Be Ps? Each side of a square subtends an angle of 60° at the top of a tower h metres high standing in the centre of the square. If 'a’ is the length of each side of the square, then prove that a? = 2h?16. 17 17 17. 18. 18. 18, Let ABCD is square and OP is tower standing at point O which is point of intersection of diagonals. Given ZDPC = 60° = ZPDC = ZPOD =90° Nowin APOD,PD? = PO? + OD? 2a) y a h ‘The angle of elevation of a chimney is 45° at a certain point. When observed from a point 100m behind the first point the angle of elevation is 30°, then find the height ofthe chimney 100, B Let AB represent chimney A In ABC, * tan 45° Sh=x assell) In AABD, —? ~~ tango* =. "+100 3 Sh 4 2100 h het00° V3 VB-1 Oo A iN B x c 100m 0 ABC is a triangle, right angled at A. If the length of the hypotenuse is 2V/2 times the length ‘of perpendicular from A on the hypotenuse, then find the angles B and C of the triangle, cote In AAPC, *=tand>a= In APB, ke tan(90- 0) =coto =b=xtano19, 19, 19, 20. 20. 20. Now a+b=2V2x => xcotd +xtan0=2V2x => cotd + tand=2V2 = 2088, sine _9 5 sin@ "cos e—_t_ ‘sindcos6 = 2sindcoso=—. V2 20 = 45° 675° ‘What will be the angle of elevation of the top of a tower at a point which is at a distance ‘equal to the height of the tower? 48° From figure, c AC ap tan tand=1 8245" ‘A person standing on the bank of a river finds the angle of elevation of the top of tree on the opposite side to be 60°. When he retires 40m from the bank he find the angle to be 30” ‘Then find the width of the river. 20m Let A and B represent points on opposite D banks of river and let width of river AB = x In DAB, ® =tan60* => n= 8x Tree AmB mC2 21 2 22, 22, 23, 23, ‘A spherical balloon of radius 60 om subtends an angle of 60° at a man's eye when the ‘elevation of its centre is 45°. Find the height of the centre of the balloon. 60V2om Let men (observer) is standing at point P and ZAPB = 60° > ZAPO = ZOPB =30" OC represent height of centre of balloon from ground, oP In AOBP, 55 = cosec30" => OP =OB cosec30° = OP =60%2=120 Also, In AOCP, OC _ sin as® oP c Pp ‘There is a small island in the middle of a 100m wide river and a tall ree stands on the island. P and Q are points directly opposite to each other on the two banks and in line with the tree. If the angles of elevation of the top of the tree from P and Q are respectively 30° and 45° Find the height of the tree. 36.6 m Let PQ represent width of river and AB represent tree. B In aBAP, AB = tana? = AB = AP => AB=x Tree AB x 4 ° In ABAQ, = — = tan30° > = 45° 30) 4a t0o-x Ve ao 21a ha s0(.8-1)=906=48 com> ‘The angle of elevation 0 of a vertical tower from a point A on the ground is such that its tangents 5. nang 82 ovr owerin he same sii he agent the angle of elevation ¢ formed to be Stina the height of the tower. 480m23, 24, 24, 25, 25, In aaBe, "= tang n_—tano x4 192 In ACD, 12h= 5x +960 12h =>h=180 O {\ iS c x B 192 A ‘A tower subtends an angle « at a point A in the plane of its base and the angle of depression of the foot of the tower at a point b meter just above A is (3. Prove that the height of towers btanacotp. In BAC. 2 h=xtana Tower h x =beotPtana A IN Ce > From the top of alight house, the angle of depression of two ships onthe oppasite sides oft ate observed tobe cand i If the Neigh of he ight house beh mettes ane the ine joining the ships passes through the foot ofthe light house, show that the distance between the (tance + tan) ships is ~Tanatan Let height of ight house =h h h in scpe "=tanpsx= 7) . In ACPA, "= tana => y= y Tana Distance between ships = x+y | ne (4 1) house \ianp * tana } ch (tana tanb) A y Pp x B \anatanp }SECTION B ‘A tower is 1053m high. What is its angle of elevation when observed from a point 105m ‘away from it? 60" a9 1058 _ BC 105 =0=60° tan 105V3 105 ‘The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point h metre above a lake is 0. The angle of depression of its reflection in the lake is 45°. Find the height of the cloud. hitan(4s° +0) Let AB is lake level and cloud is at P. If the reflection is at Q then BP = BQ = H (let) Let AB=CD =x In apcp, PAP = tang x= Fob “) x tan tn aacn, 2° - tanas? + 4 cD x From equation () and equation (i) HEM snatch 241800) tan =tano ) 4/20 45° tno ~tan45° tan =htan(45* +0) =15x=Heh Cloud P Heh 6 D ~ cH 45° h h A x H Reflection ‘There is a 100 m long bridge over a river. The bridge is inclined at an angle of 45° with the bank. Find the width of the river. sov2mLet AB and CD represent two banks of a river. Pp PQ represent bridge and PR = x represent width of river. From figure, ~~ sin45° = x 00: 700 100 = x=50V2m " 45° A<————__,—>8 ce" 1 __0 Q R The length of the rope a circus artist cimbing is 30m. The rope is making an angle of 30° with the ground. Its tied at the top of a pole. Find the height of the pole. 15m From figure, L\ c A Pole 0 B Find the height of a kite, the string of which is 120m long and making an angie of 60° with the horizontal. 603m From figure, h =D -sin6o” >h= 60V3m 120 120m L\ c kite qo B ‘A circus artist is climbing along a rope which is tied at the top of a pole 41 m high. If the rope is inciined at an angle of 30° with the horizontal, find the distance covered by the artist along the rope. ‘82mFrom figure, At singo° x Sx=82m Rope. 4m c B Find the length of the string of a kite flying at a height of 90m. The ‘string is making an angle of 60" with the ground. (suppose there is no slack in string) 60V3m From figure A 90 _ singor kite x = x=60V3m string 90m, c B Find the height of the tower if the angle of elevation of its top from a point 21m away from it is 30° 73m From figure, A Pe tan30° 2 h h c 2 O~@ ‘A tower subtends an angle of 30” at a point on the same level as its foot. At a second point h metres above the firs, the depression of the foot of the tower is 60°. Find the height of the tower. Dm 39. 10. 10. 10. "1 1" " 12. 12. Lethe oftner =H In s8¢0,” tan = h ox 0 B 0 In AABC, x 71030" = x= VSH (i) From equation (i) and equation (ii) h 3 ‘Whats the range of the angle of elevation of an object whase foot is at the ground? 0° < angie of elevation < 90° Angle of elevation of an object (whose foot is at the ground) lies between 0° to 90° Le. 0° <0<90" ‘An aeroplane flying horizontally 1 km above the gtound is observed at an elevation of 60" After 10 seconds, its elevation is observed to be 30°. Find the speed of the aeroplane. 240V3 km/hr Lt initially aeroplane is at A and after 10 seconds it reaches at D. So speed Acy>0 km It km 60° d Ce——x —— > BeqyoE 2 3m) he = 240V5km/h 3600 ‘An observer, 1.5 m tal, is 28.5 m away from a tower 30 m high. Determine the angle of ‘elevation of the top of the tower from his eye. 45°12, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, Let AB is tower and CD is observer A ‘ano 285 som gf oN, 285 ed 15 Oo B<—285m—>? ‘Atree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the ‘ground making an angle of 30° with the ground, The distance from the foot of the tree to the Point where the top touches the ground is 10 m. Find the height of the tree. 10V3m Let AB=x+y represent tree before breaking and it broke at point D then DB = DC From figure % =tan30° and 2 = sec30° 10 10 i i 7 D iB 30 = =10/3m a 10 ax=12 and Bey Total height of tree Oo aN c a 10 ‘A pole 50 m high stands on a building 250 m high. To an observer at a height of 300 m, the building and the pole subtend equal angles. Then find the distance of the observer from the top of the pole. 256m. Let BE represent building and AE <—_ «> represent pole and BD = x ec then In EAC @ AE AC 0 AB tan 250 m In ABAC, 5° = tan20 300 __2tano x I=tan@ m ano 0) «| 300 m Bx x 015. 15, 15, 16. 16. 16. => x= 25V6m ‘Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite to each other on either side of a road, which is 100 metre wide. From a point between them on a road, the angles of elevation of their tops are 30° and 60° . Find the position of the point and also the heights of the poles. 75 m from one pole, height of pole = 25V3m Let AB and CD are two poles. In ADCE h 1 =tan30° = x 3 ha. evsscsenll) B In aBAE, > h h 60" = 8 100-x ” 8 Shs v8 (100-x) Ci) oO AA go From equation (i) and equation (i) A W0=« E 75 75 and h 253m <— 10 m—> ‘A boy is standing on the ground and fiying a kite with 100m of string at an elevation of 30° ‘Another boy is standing on the roof of a 10 m high building and is flying a kite at an elevation ‘of 45°. Both the boys are on opposite sides of both the kites. Find the length of string that the second boy must have so that the two kites meet. 40/2m Let first boy is at point A and ‘second boy is at point C. Let length Of string of second boy = xm In AFDA, £2. - sing0° = 4+ FD =50m 400 217 17. 17, 18, 18, 18, 19, 19, ‘A man is standing on the deck of a ship, which is 8 m above water level. He observes the ‘angle of elevation of the top of a hill as 60° and the angle for depression of the base of the hill as 20°. Calculate the distance ofthe hill rom the ship and the height of the hil 8V3m Let AB represent deck of ship and CD represent hil In aBAC,8 = tango" =-L > x=8V8m x B The shadow of a tower, standing on level ground, is found to be 45 m longer when sun's aittude is 30°, then when it was at 60°. Find the height of the tower. 38.9m Let AD and AC represent length of shadow of tower in two instances: h h In ABAD, = =tan60° = “ yo tan60" = x= 7 h A In ABAC, "= ana0" = = VEh=x4 45 i) From equation (i) an equation (i) h = 38.97 m ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a hill at the foot of a tower is 60° and the angle of elevation of top of the tower from the foot of the hill is 30°. If the tower is 50 m high, what is, the height of the hill? 150mBC 19. in ace, BS = cot30” = V3 in Bene 8 =BC=50V3 p In AABC, = tan60° = h=150m Hill h Tamer 50m “30° 607\ B c 20. The elevation of a tower at a station A due north ofits is a and at station B due west of A ABsinasing is B. Prove that the height of the tower is ABS ; iné a —sin* 20. Let OP = h represent tower then OP is perpendicular to the piane determined by four directions 8 w In APOA, 2POA=90" P PO tana 0A- PO -hoota A ‘ana h ae A 0 In APOB, ZPOB = 90° P OB cot => OB -heot oP h 2 B © Now in ABAO, 2BAO = 90"2 21 24 22 Using Pythagoras theorem, 0B" - OA? =(AB)" = h cot® B—h’ cot” a = (AB)” =e] 9082B_ cos?) | ro A__hota sin’ sina | O on[Sane testa] (as) sinp sina | ov[stscst tay h cots sin? asin® ont « (AB) sn asin’ B sin’ asin? p (AB)sinasinp =h ‘The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point 60 metres above a lake is 30° and the angle of depression of the reflection of the cloud in the lake is 60". Find the height of the cloud, 120m Let AC is lake level. Cioud is at D and its 5 oes reflection is at F. then DC = CF (water surface will act as plane mirror and distance of object will be equal to distance of image from lake level) 4-60 In aBED, PE - tan30* = + BE v3 30° g => x= V8 (H-60) 8 Pm x 1 ew In aper, EF tango? = 4+ 8 - g im a BE x H+60 1 x e > ° From equation (i) and equation (i) ‘ t H60 4 48 (H-60) = Woe = H=120m F Retecton Attree standing on a horizontal plane is leaning towards east. At two points situated a and b exactly due west on it, the angles of elevation of the top are respectively a and B. Prove (b-a)tanatanp, that the height ofthe tp from the ground is atthe hed ‘ep 8 tana—tanpi22, 23, 23, 23, Let ABs leaning tree. Drop L from B on WE and let ZBAP = 6 In ABPC, f = tana >h=atana+xtana aex heatana >x= Sn (i) tana bh In ABPD,—— = tanB bax h=bianp a (i) From equation () and (i) h-atana _h-btanp _,,, _ (ba)tanatan tang tan tanatanp A carpenter makes stools for electricians with a square top of side 0.5 m and at a height 1.5 m above the ground. Also each leg is inclined at an angle of 75° to the ground. Find the length of each leg, also the lengths of two steps to be put at equal distances in metres correct upto two piaces of decimals. 1.5529; 0.7678; 1.0366 (in metre) Let CDEF represent top square surface of stool DA and CB are the legs which makes angle of 75° with ground level AB. DP and CQ represent height of stool from ground. Let RS and TU represents two steps placed at equal distances 18 =ow=-wv=ve=48-05m Now in ADPA 05mg DA DA = cosec75" > DA-=DPcosec 75° Using cosec75° 1.0355 we get osm DA =1.5 «1.0355, osm SDA =1.553m D osm |c In ADVT osm a os a fot75° = VT =DV cot 75° RASS a8 Using cot75° = 0.268 we get os u VT=1x0.268 > 268 = YU fH ® So length of step TU = A P a 8 0.268 + 0.5 +0.268=1.036 m (approx In ADWR, RW RW cot 75° > RW -0.5x0.268 ow ™ =RW-0.134 So length of step RS =0.134+05+0.134 =0.768m (approx)24. 24 25. 25. 25, ‘A fre in a building Bis reported on telephone to two fire station P and Q, 20 kms apart from teach other on a straight road. P observes that the fie is at an angie of 60° to the road and observes that itis at an angle of 45° to the road. Which station should send its team and how much wil this team have to travel? Station P. 27.32 km From figure itis clear that fire station P A should send team, In aap, © =tan6o° = V8 a 3 h= 8x sessed) In AABQ te tanas* x+20 sph =x+20 = VBx=x+20 20 1 h 7.32 km Z\ ‘AN Oo Q 20km p x @ ‘Aman on a Giff observes a boat at an angle of depression of 30° which is approaching the shore to the point immediately beneath the observer with a uniform speed. Six minutes later, the angle of depression of the boat is found to be 60°. Find the time taken by the boat to reach the shore. S minute Let speed of boat = x km/min then CD = 6x km If t minute is time taken from D to A then DA B =ixkm i KZ In aBAD, ® = tango? = JS eo? Shan 0 In ABAC, Clit h h 1 ev 6x B i) From equation () and () bf Dt =3min L_so"/\ 30". x+6x JS A * dD x C Total time to reach shore =3+6=9minSection C Numerical Based Questions (Single Digit Answer 0 to 9) A straight highway leads to the foot of a tower. A man standing at the top of the tower ‘observes a car at an angle of depression 30°, which is approaching the foot of the tower with a uniform speed. Six seconds later, the angle of depression of the car is found to be 60°. The time taken by the car to reach the foot of the tower from this point is 3 second Let speed of car = x m/sec and time taken to reach from D to B = t seconds A ‘Then DC = 6 x metres BD = tk metres er In ABD, = tan6o" “BD ® Shave fi) h Tower In AABC, = tan30° BC 1 Box 1 =(6e+ 0) “ or 20) From equation (i) and (i) BO tseconds _ P 6 seconds (6x +t) 5 Br = 6+t=3t=t=3 seconds ‘The angle of elevation ofthe top of a tower from two points distant s and t from its foot are ‘complementary, It the height of the tower is h then is vst 1 In ABCD, Patan nin) > cote i) In daco, tan(80-0 multiplying equation (i) and equation (i) te st A circus arist is climbing a 18 meters long rope, which is tightly stretched and tied from the top of a vertical pole to the ground, if the angle made by rope with the ground level is 30° then the height of the pole is 9 meter3 From figure -* = sinzo” =+ 8 2 h=9m 18m Pole Ao c B ‘The angle of elevation of a coud from a point 50 meters above a lake is 30° and the angle of depression ofthe reflection of coud is 60", Ifthe height ofthe cloud ish then 2 is 5 Let AB represent water level Cloud is at point E and reflection is at point E F In aFCD, FE = tan6o" 50 n 50g B50 ~ . | x 9 In AECD, oo” tle EC h-50_ 1 50m 50 = tango = N= 50 cp" x We . 1 => x=(h-50)v3 . From equation (i) and equation (ii) & f+ 50 _ (h—50) V3) a h = 100m | h $0, 20 F Numerical Based Questions ‘Two poles stand on a horizontal plane. P and Q are two points on the line joining the base of the poles and between them. Then angle of elevation of the top of the poles as seen from P. are 30° and 60° and as seen from Q are 60° and 45°. If the length of PQ is 30 m. Find the heights of the poles and the distance between them 60: 154/3,h, = 15,3, h, =15(3+ 3)In ADAP, xed 430 ah, i woe 2 ° From equation () and (i) x=15,h, = 153, In acer, tan6o° =h, = By ii) hy h In acBO, "= tan as? ° 30+y Sh, =804Y cal) oes From equation (i) and equation (wv) o DA AX oq 30_5(8 +1) Ax 0 <— 30 — Py 8 By =30+y> am * 3-4 From equation (ii) h, =15V3 (5 +1) =15(3+8) So, AB=x+y+PQ=15+15(V3+1)+30 =60+15V3 ‘A tower subtends angle 0,20 and 30 at three points A, B, C respectively lying on a hotizontal line through the foot of the tower. Then find the ratio & sin30 siné In ABE, ZEBC is exterior angle => ZEBC = ZBEA + ZBAE = ZBEA= EBC - 2BAE 0-0=0 Similarly in ACEB, ZCEB = So, In ACEA, EBis angle bisector AB_ AE ae 0 (by angle bisector theorem)Now from equation (i) h AB _AE_ sind _sin30 BC™EC™ h sina 3in30 ‘ABs a vertical pole. The end Ais on the level ground. C is the middle point of AB and P is a Point on the level ground. The portion CB subtends an angle fi at P. If AP=nAB , Then find tanp. n tanp= Oe ea Let AC=CB=h andlet ZAPC=0 weave 8B -n 2B x ah Aa x 2n B In ACAP i 1 i tano = tano= + 1 x 2a J AB tn apap, 28 = tan(a 0) i h vo ON —— ‘Ata point on’a level plane, A tower subtends an angle 0 and a flag staff ‘a’ meters in length ‘at top of the tower subtends an angle @. Prove that the height of the tower is asindcos(0+ 4) sing8 Let AC is tower and CD is flag staff In apac P= tano=>x=—h_ x iano In aBAD, ach an(0-+6) ath anos) “ From equation () and (i) hath tand tan(0+6) = hian(0 +4) =atand +htand = h[tan(@+6)- tan6]=atane atano ~tan(0-+4)—tand sind ‘cos sin(@+6) _ sind ‘c05(0+6) oso sino ‘cost sin(0+4)cos0 - sindcos(0+ 4) ‘cosécos(8+4) asinOcos(0 +4) ‘sing [Using sin AcosB —cosA sinB = sin(A -B)]Objective LEVEL=-1 Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct) ‘A man on the bank of a river observes that the angle subtended by a tree on the opposite bank is 60°. While moving backward to a point in a straight line with the trees foot and moving to a position of 100 m from his former position, he finds that angle to be 30°. What is. the height of the tree and the breadth of the river? (A) 50,25 m (8) 50V3,50m (©) 50,50/3m (0) 82.50/3m B Let AB represent tree and BC represent width of A river In ape, "= tango" = V5 =h=V3x “i h In app, —"_- tan30° x+100 =h= oe ol) From equation (i) and equation (i) ZA A q x= 12 x50 = 508 0 t00m > x 38 a From the top of a building 60m, the angles of depressions of top and bottom a lamp post are observed to be 30° and 60°, The height of building is (A) 40m (8B) 60m (C)20m (0) 80m A In aABD, © tanso° = JS 60 = I 8 Building 60-h 60m In aacc, S9=P -tan:‘The angles of depression of two boats, as observed from the masthead of ship, 50 m high are 45° and 30° , respectively. The distance between the boats, if they are on the same side of the masthead, is (A) 50/3m (8) 50(/3+1)m 1), (©) 50(v3-1)m © s0(1-}m c Let AB is mast head of ship B 50 so = WM. In ac, nase <1 e0 Wile 50 1 = apap, °° = tan30 ey BO a 50-4 sy =50v3-50 a “py B = 50(V3-1) O IN IN A ey ‘An isosceles triangle has two equal sides of length ‘a and angle between them is a. The area of the triangle is, ) atcosa ©) Foose (©) Fina (0) asia c Draw BD LAC then AADB, 22 - sina A AB A = BD=ABsina=asina Now area of AABC= 3x ACxBD xax(asina) a catsing 2 vA B c The height of a right cone is 40cm and the semi — vertical angle is 30°, the slant height of the cone is (A) 80cm (8) 20cm © Hom (0) 40/3em c5. In AOBA i apne" 80 8. ABCs an acute angled tangle and BOs perperseuarto AC. The value of S is equa sin to BC AB O is ac AB cD © fe Owe 6 OA 6 In ABDA, 8 sina = 82 A D BI In ABDC, sinc = n sinc= Bo 80 sind AB 8G sinc BD AB BC A D c 7. Two men standing on the opposite sides of a flag staff measure the angles of elevation of the top of the flag staff as 30” and 60”. If the height of fiag staff is 20 m, then the men have a distance between each other of (A) 46.19 m (8) 41.86 m (C)41.68m (0) 46.81m A 7. From figure, A X= cot60° and ¥ = cot30° 20 20 = Bana y=208 20 80 _ axry Fates gr e98 Two sides of a triangle are of lengths 2a and 2b and contain an angle of 120°. if the angle opposite the sides 2a is 0, then the value of tand is equal to aS a3 “ 3a+b © sm ov: ova ©) 5335 O)zarb 8B 8 Using sine rule 9. A tower subtends an angle of 30° at a point on the same level as its foot. At a second point h metres above the first, the depression of the foot of the tower is 60°. The height of the tower's, 3m @ Bam h n (c) 3m oO 3" 9. c 9. Let ABis tower In ABCD, * — cot 60" = > ua V3 In ABAC, ¥ =tan30" 10. The height of a tower is 100m. When the angle of elevation of the sun changes from 30° to 45°, the shadow of the tower becomes x metres less. The value of xis (@) 100 m (8) 100/3m (C) 100(Y3 -1)m (©) 100(V3 + 4)m 1010. "1 "1 12 12 Let AB is the tower. Let BC and BD represent shadow length in 3. two cases. Im AABC, WO tends" =1-y =100 a 4100 1 in aagp, 292 -tan30r = ° yrx NB a = 400m ten 2X7 105-1) Oo A iS 8S The angle of depression of the top and bottom of &m tall tower from a cliff are 30° and 45°, respectively. Which of the following will be the height of the cif? (A) 4(3+ J3)m @ 4(tev)m (©) 3(1+v3)m ©)none of hese B Let AB represent ciff and CD represent tower Oh ase In aaBD, " -tan4s® -1h=x ‘i cit h jn-8 ‘The angles of elevation of the bottom and the top of the tower fixed at the top of a 20 m high building, from a point on the ground are 45° and 60° respectively. The height of the tower is (A) 20(¥3 -1)m (8) 20(V3 + 1)m (©) 3(1+8)m (D) none of these A12, 13, 13, 13, 14 14, Let AB is building and AD is tower 2 an45° = 1=> x=20 tan60° = V3 x hs20 7p 7 Bah=20(8 -1) pe 5 20| Yo la 3 A tower is 105. metres high. The angle of elevation of the top ofthe tower from A point 30m away from its foot on the same plane is (A) 45° (8) 30° (C) 60° (0) 75° 8 108 g fan 30 >0=30° 1048) a iN B 30m A ‘A round balloon of radius 10 m subtends an angle 60° at the eye of the observer while the angle of elevation of ts centre is 30° . Which of the following is the height of the centre of the balloon? (30m (8)20m (C)15m (0) 10m D Let observer is at point P and PA is ground level then angle subtended by balloon at the eye of observer is 2BPC = 60° = ZBPO = 30° = ZCPO In 308, °F ~ cosecs0" =2 = OP =20 OA 1 In SOAP, Spa sin30=> > oP. oa=2 = 10 2 By16. 16, 15. 16. 16. 16. 17. The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point h metres above a lake is 45° and the angle of depression of its reflection in the lake is 60°. Which of the following is the height of the cloud? vB+4 3-1) (A) hn 6 “ (es 1 teal" (©) VBh o} A Let cloud is at point D and its reflection is at cout point F then CD = CF =y (et) ® In aDeB, Y=" - tan4s? => y—h yan In soe, ene a8 4 ~ 7 SE ¥3+1) cot t , 3-1) h i A | F Refeecton ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from certain point is 30°. If the observer moves 20 meters towards the tower, the angle of elevation of the top increases by 15°. The height of the tower is (@) 10(¥3-1)m (©) 5(v3-1)m (©) 8(V3+1)m (©) 10(V3 + 1)m D h A In ABC," =tan45° =n In AABD, — "= = tan0" pre yh ot) o iN 8 Ste A player sitting on the top of a tower of height 20 m observes the angle of depression of a ball lying on the ground as 60° . Find the distance of the foot of the tower and the ball20V3, om © 28m 3 17, 17. From figure X =cot6o® =. 20- “8 20 _ 203 3 (Fill in the Blanks) 18. A\line joining object to the viewer's eyes is called 18. A\line joining object to the viewer's eyes is called line of sight. 19. A flag - staff 6 metres high placed on the top of a tower throws a shadow of 2V3 metres along the ground. Then the angle (in degrees) that the sun makes with the ground is. 49. From/figure A 6 tano= = 3 23 4 = 0-60" 6m B 2S c 20. As observed from top of a light house. 100 m high above sea level, the angle of depression of a ship sailing directly toward it changes form 30° to 45". The distance traveled by the ship duting the period of observation is20. a 21 24 22, 22 22 Let AB represent light house A In AaB, XP -tanas = 100V3 = 100 +x = x=100(v3-1) o BS Bey ee ee (True of False) ‘The horizontal distance between two towers is 150 m. The angles of elevation of the top of the first tower when seen from the top of second tower is 30°. Ifheight of second tower is 60 mm, then the height of the first tower is 50(1+ /3) True Let height of first tower = h A Then in AAED "=50 _ tangoe 150 180 , 50 = 50(y/3 +1) iP mall a t 150m Di | 50m oy 5 150m c Two sips ae sang nthe ea on he eter sie ofthe ight house, the angles ofthe depression of two ships as observed from the top of the light house are 60° and 45° But) . , then the height of the light a) —_ respectively. If the distance between the ships is ano house is 100 m. False Let AB represent ight house andBD =x, B+ 4) sx BC =y then x+y =200} ythen x+y (53 | 60° Mage In AABD, * = cot60* = z h 3 h h Bee Y cots In aABc, = cot 4s = 60° ch 4s >y-h cell) D x B c adding equation (i) and (i) gives y23, 23. 23, @ ® xeye Ban 3 V3+1)_,(3+1 anf 83) of 83 )=n=200 (Match the Following) Match the following: ‘Column-i ‘Column-ii @] An observer 1.6 m tal is 20V3m away from a tower. | (®) [173m The angle of elevation from his eye to the top of the tower is 30°. The height of the tower is ®) | Froma point P on a level ground, the angle of etevation | (Q) /606m of the top of tower is 30°. If the tower is 100 m high, the distance of point P from the foot of the tower is. (©) | The angle of erevation of a ladder leaning against a wall] (R) 216m is 60° and the foot of the ladder is 4.6 m away from the wall. The length of ladder is (©) | When the sun's altitude changes from 30° to 60°, the | (S)_/9.2m length of the shadow of a tower decreases by 70m. The height of the tower is AOR BoP C38 D>a h-16 c tn anec,2=18 _ tango: = 08 t Sh=216 tone h ae 20V3 16 16 8 20V3 D From figure R x y= Fp 7 030" = 3 => x=100/3 af 73 m 100 o iN Q x P© (Oo) From figure AC _ seceo? =2 46 AC=9.2 From, “ABC =tan60° = V3 ate nl h In AABD, tan30° = x+70 => V3h=x+70 0) From equation () and (i) van= +70 V3 =>h=35V3 = 60.6 Tower h A Ladder Wall L\ o © a6) 8 A o aN x 0 °Level -I Multiple Choice Questions (Single Option Correct) From the top of a tower, which is 240 m high , if the angle of depression of a point on the ground is 30°, then the distance of the point from the foot of the tower is (A) 240xJ3m. (8) 40xJ3m (©) 80/3m (©) 120/3m A BC , A> ap ot30 30° BC = AB cot30° = 240/3m 240 ph__“7 \ From a point A due North, the elevation of the top of the tower is 60", From a point B due South, the elevation is 45°. If AB= 100 metres, then the height of the tower is. (A) 1008 x( 3-1) (@) 50x33 ~1) 50 100 (© (8-1) OF (8-1) 8 Let AQ = xm then B= (100 x) m P In aPQA © tan6o° = V3 ae 0 h LZ ne 8/A 8——400-x—> h=100-- v3 = 50V3 (3-1) ifthe length ofthe shadow ofa vertical pole onthe horizontal ground is V3 times its height then the angle of elevation ofthe sun is: (ay 15 (®) 30° (C) 45° (0) 60” BLet a ees ol and Bs show itleeton ot sinie 0 nan AP tana h = tana oh tano= 0-30" Ifthe angles of elevation of a tower from two points distant a and b (a > b) from its foot and in the same straight line from it are 30° and 60°, then the height of the towers () Vab (8) Vavb (©) va-b ©) & A In aac, Ptango° = /8 % h=bv3 @ In aap, © -tans0 8 oe B (ii) h Multiplying equation (i) and equation (ii) Ha ab-oh=veb O AN aN Bee D <——a — ‘When coconut tree is broken by strong winds, its top strikes the ground with an angle of 30° to the ground at a distance of 18 m from the foot. What is the height of the tree? (A) 15¥3m. (@)20m (©) 10¥8m (0) 10m ALet AB represent tree and itis broken at point P. => PB =PC from figure, we have % =tan30° and Y= sec30" 15 16 5 0 x23 and y= Bore y So, height of ree =x+y= 48 3B = 154m P x & Oo aN A 15 c The angle of elevation of the top of the tower observed from each of the three points A, B, C (on the ground, forming a triangle is the same angle a. If R is the circum — radius of the triangle ABC, then the height of the tower is (A) Rsinw (8) Reosa (C) Rtana (0) Rseca. c Let ABC is triangle and PQ is tower then PQ is 1 to tianguiar plane ABC and AQPA = AQPB = AQPC =>PA=PB=PC =P Is circumcentre of ABC and PA = PB =PC=R Nowin AQPB, QP tana = QP =PBtana & ‘The ratio of the length of a rod and its shadow is /31. The angle of elevation of the sun is (A) 30" (8) 45" (©) 60" «90° cLet AB is rod and AC is its shadow. Let elevation of sunis @ then 98 ac v3 tano jand => 0= 60° ‘Aight house, facing north, sends out a fan shaped beam of light extending from NE_ (north east) to NW (north west). An observer on a steamer, saliing due west, first sees the light when he is 5 km away from the light house and continues to see it for 30V2 minutes. Then the speed of the steamer is (A) 10 kmh (8) 10V2km in (©) 16V2km/h (0) 30V2km/h A Let light house is at point O and its beam of light spreads from OA to OB. Let steamer enters from point P and exits from its lighted area at point Q. Then time from P to Q = 302 minutes. We have OP = 0Q = 5km = PQ= 5V2km 52 So, speed = 5°? km/hr = 10km/hr a 30v2 60 s Multiple Choice Questions (Multiple Option Correct) ‘The angle of elevation of the top of the tower observed from each of the three points A, B and C on the ground, forming a triangle in the same angle a. If R is circum — radius of the AABC, then the height of the tower is (A) Rsin. (8) Reoseca R © Ste () Rtana cD10. 10. 10. "1 "1 Let OP = h represent tower then ZPAO = ZPCO = ZPBO =a. Then PA=PB=PC =hcoseca => A0=CO=BO=R (Circum radius) = Ois cireumcentre Now, in AAOP, ® The angle of elevation of the top of a TV tower from points A, B, C in a straight line through the foot of the tower are «24,36 respectively. If AB = a, the height of the tower is 2acosa 2asina coseca secu (©) asin2a (0) asin3a ABC In ABQA, ZQBC = BQA+ 2BAQ 2a= ZBOA +0. = ZBOA=a Similarly 2CQB=a—BQ=BA=a Nowin sQPB hg ga7sit2x=>h=Basinz0 coseca secu B c BAA ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from the top and bottom of a building of height ‘a’ are 30° and 45° respectively. if the tower and the building stand at the same level, the height of the tower is a8 e 3 (c) (84) (©) a(v3+1) BC"1 12 12 12 13. 13, 13. Let AB is tower and CD is building A In AABD, *—cot45" =1=>x=H H-a 30 E * c ai | ft t Tower| @ a | 45" | 8 D x Angle of depression from the top of a light house of two boats are 45° and 30° due east which are 60 m apart. The height of the light house is. (A) 60v3 (8) 30(/3 +1) 60 (C) 20v2 ORs 80 In ABC =tan 45° > h=x = tan30" 60 = 004 + oh 30(v3 +1) Bo D From the top of a towerh meter high, the angle of depression of two objects which are in line with the foot of the tower are @ and @, (>). The distance between the two objects is hsin(g—6) (A) h(coto - cot) © “ae (C) h(tand + tang) o nasi AB In SABC, F =cote heote In ABD, Y=. coto-> y+x=heoto =heotd - y=heot®—heot (cote - cot) 2x n{suee sass sind sing | ~r[sosanna amet] sinosing |Level ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower standing on a horizontal plane from a point A is «.. After walking a distance d towards the foot of the tower the angle of elevation is found to be . The height of the tower is a a cotacotp © cota-cotp 4 4 © araetanp ©) corp cota 8 In ACBD, X=cotp>x=hootp In ABD, 2% —cotu => d+ x =hoota = d+heotB=heota (from equation ii) = d=h(cota-cotp) h tower A 0 SB ‘The angle of elevation of the top of a tower from a point A due south of the tower is a and from B due east of the tower is B. If AB = d then height of the tower is ¢ 4 a) @ ® enartan'p Qi ore © . oO : oot? a+ cof loot? = cot” p c Let OP represent tower In APO Aa Nowin AAPB, (AP)° +(PB)* = (AB)’ >? cot a+h? cot? p =o a cot? a+ cot®p Two stations due south of a leaning tower which leans towards the north are at distances a and b from its foot. If c and fi be the elevations of the top of the tower from these stations, its inclination © to the horizontal is given by cote is equal to boot .—acotf acota—beotfs (a p) Bcota booth Oe =a Oe anb© bent +acotp (o) BotB-acote bea avb A Let CD represents tower leaning towards N at an angle of 0. DP is 1 from D on horizontal. Let DP = hand PC. Nowin SAPD, “*# cota xta , Sh a w In ABPD, X20 cotpoh=Xib h cotp From equation () and equation (i) Xeb_x1a__ acot-beota 2X8 ce cotfi ~ cota cota cotp from equation (i) we get acoth—beota , cota —cotf a-b cota cota=coth Nowin ADPC, acotf—beota _x__cota—cot t= ab cot a= eat acotfi-beota a-b ota -acotp b-a ‘A man notices two objects in a straight ine due west. After waling a distance ¢ due north he observes that the objects subtend an angle « at his eye; and after walking a further distance 2c due north they subtend an angle fi. If height of the man is being neglected then the distance between the objects is 4c 2c Scotp-cota © Scota—cotp 8c 8c © ‘4cotp cota ° Beotp—cotaLet 2BAQ=6, 2PAQ=% then by exterior angle property. ZBRO=0~a, ZPRO=$- Let RA=d,AQ=y In ABQA, Loco w In aPaA, Y= corg In aBaR, 2*¥- coi(0-a) d+y _cotBcota+t © cota~cotd P (Using coi( AB) = R08 1) Lp | say fees 2 © cota-¥ ¢ | = edeota~ dy +cycota~y? =cycota+c* = y? =edeota ~dy-c? “ dey_ In APR cot(o-B) 3c” f> y Lr Ae oO dey cotheotp+1_ gph +t <1 > Ay a Be” cotB=c088 cggp Je 3c = G+Y _ yor +30 3c 3ceotp-y = Sedcot}—dy+ 3cy cot B=y? = Scycotf} + 9c? = Bedeot - dye? =y* i) from equation () and equation (i) ‘dcota -dy=c? =3cdeotfs - dy - 9c” See cot —cot a If the angle of elevation of a cloud from a point h metres above a lake is [| and the angle of depression of reflection in the lake is a, then the height of the cloud is hsin(a~B) hsin(aB) (A) ———__ (B) —~—* cos(a+p) © Snap)neos(a~ heos(a+ co Reese) oy Neste) sin(a +B) cos(a-B) 8 Let ABis lake level and coud is at point P Reflection of cloud i at point, Water furface wll act 0s rior =cistance of coud from wetor level = istance of reflection from water level p oon =>PB=BQ H-h tn apoc, H=P in

dxcota dy +xycota—y? =xycota.+ x? sy aoe g-x Inapar 3+ *® =c01(6-B) = S+Y _cotdeotB 4 Reb 2x cotfi—e0td gig Ye Eas d+y _ yootB+2x Ox” Bxeotfi=y = 2xycotfh + 4x? = 2xd cotB—dy +2xy cot -y? Sy = 2rd cot =dy— 4x7 nl) from equation () and equation (i) xdcota.—dy -x? =2dx cot —dy—4x° 3x 2eotP—cota A chimney leans towards north and its angles of elevation when observed from equal distance from north and south of the chimney in the same horizontal plane are found to be and B respectively. Ifthe inclination of the chimney to the vertical is 6, then tand is sin(a +B) sin(a+) ® 2sina sing © 2e08a. snp sin(a—P) cos(a +B) © Fsina sing © Feosa.cosp c8. Let AB is chimney which is leaning towards north and DA= AC =a BP LDC, AP=x.BP=h Ineination of chimney AB with vertical BP = 6 In aBPC, "= tana a-x =h=(a-xJtana 0 In aBPD, —=tanp, asx Sh=(a+x)tanp «wo From equation (i) and equation (i) (a-x)tana=(a+x)tanp a(tana - tanp) tana tanp From equation (i) mne( a SRE ap tana +tanB 2atanatanp tana+ tang Nowin sBPA, m ang] Sea Pea tano =X = [tana tan) <——_~—_> h” [2atanatanp [sree tana -tanp 2tanatanp sina _ sinB cos” cosh psig inp cosa cosph }a.cosfi — sinficos a 2sina sinB ) 2sinasin§ From the top of a house 32 meters height , the angle of elevation of the top of a tower is 45° and the angle of depression of the foot of the tower is 30°. The distance of the tower from the house is (A) 30V3m (8) 32V3m (©) 35V2m (0) none 89 10. 10. "1 " "1 From AABD, c 3p 7030" = VB = x= 3243 A h=xtana =beotBtana 8 x A ‘A window of a house is h meter above the ground. From the window, the angles of elevation and depression of the top and the bottom of another house situated on the opposite side of the lane are found to be « and [i respectively. The height of the other house is, (A) n(1¥-tane.tanp) ©) h(1+tana.cotp) (©) h(1+cota. cotp) (©) h(1+cota.tanp) 8 Let window is at point 8 and CD D represent other house In ABAC, * =cot > x =heot Window tana 2 x In ADEB, =SH-h=xtana = (heotp)tana > H=heotptana +h =h(cottana +1) =e =12 12. A ladder rests against a vertical wall at an inclination « to the horizontal. Its foot is pulled aviay from the wall through a distance p, so that its upper end slides a distance q down the wall and then the ladder makes an angle (to the horizontal. Then ' is cosp-cosa (@ Sbancose sina-sinp cosa-sinp sina —sinB o cosp— cosa ‘cosa— cosh a) © A Let AD and CE represent ladder having length ¢ ‘Then In AABI x= loose 0 and 9% = sina Sy=lsina—q ......0) y i y mn AEBC, 7 sing =y=Csing i) From equation (i) and (i) —4__ sina - sing ‘Again in AEBC, pex e x= (cosp-p (wv) from equation () and equation (iv) (cosa (eosp-p B — oie (8) Cp 0 —>7 > 0s} = cos a From equation (A) and equation (B) we get q p sina-sin cos cosa 5B. cos cos. @ sina—sing “” cosp => p+x-=feosp ‘ we < sme 8 >