Central Processing

Unit
BY: GROUP 1
 THE

CENTRAL

PROCESSING

UNIT
 WHAT IS CPU?
CPU is a square shaped chip with one notched corner inside the
computer and is often referred to as “The brain of the
computer” as it contains all the circuitry needed to process
input, store data, and output results. The CPU is a computer
program that takes input from a peripheral or computer
program and interprets it. CPU then either outputs information
to your monitor or performs the peripheral's requested task. All
commands that a computer's hardware and software that were
send to it are handled by the CPU. For instance, the CPU
processed the commands to open and display this web page on
your computer using a web browser.
The central processing unit (CPU) guides the computer through the
various steps of solving a problem. Data enters the computer
through an input unit, is processed by the central processing unit,
and is then made available to the user through an output unit. A
logical view of a computer shows what functions the computer
performs. A physical view of a computer shows how the
mechanisms of the computer actually perform these functions. The
three logical units that make up the central processing unit are the
arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), main storage, and the control unit.
Main storage retains active programs and data. It is relatively
expensive, so secondary storage is used to store programs and
data until they are needed in main storage. The set of a
computer's built-in operations is called its “instruction set.” A
computer program is a set of instructions that tells a computer
how to solve a particular problem. A computer program must be in
main storage for a computer to be able to perform its instructions.
The CPU socket is the hardware found on the motherboard.
The CPU is installed to the socket by unlocking the socket.
This is done via an unlocking mechanism which is usually
some type of lever. By pulling the lever up, the socket is
now open. Simply align the CPU and CPU socket key marks
and gently drop the CPU(making sure not to apply any
pushing force since this can bend and damage the CPU pins).
Lastly, lock the socket by pulling done on the lever. In
todays market, there are 2 very common types of the
socket. First is the "AM4 socket" by AMD, which fits the AMD
“Ryzen” models CPU. Next is the most recent socket by Intel,
which is the LGA 1200 socket that fits the Celeron, Pentium
Gold, i3, i5, i7 and the i9..
the instruction
cycle
The instruction cycle is the cycle that
the central processing unit follows
from boot-up until the computer has
shut down in order to process
instructions. It is composed of three
main stages: the fetch stage, the
decode stage, and the execute stage.
 Once the CPU fetches an
instruction, it needs to
Fetch The first step is decode it. The instruction is
The final stage in the process
retrieving, or fetching, is execution. In our example
in the form of binary code a
an instruction from above, the signals would
string of ones and zeros.
activate the registers
program memory. The The decoder translates this
containing the two numbers
CPU reads an address of code into signals, which it
to be added, and send them
where the instruction to then passes to other parts
to the part of the CPU that
be fetched is stored. of the CPU in order to
performs addition. The
execute the instruction. For
The program counter output would then be the
example, if the instruction is
then updates—the CPU to add two values together,
sum of the two values. Once
now has the address of the instruction has been
the decoded signals will tell
the next instruction it executed, the process would
the CPU to take the two
begin again by fetching the
will need to fetch. values and perform the
next instruction.
operation of adding them
together.

Fetch Decode Execute

The cpu and its
importance and
performance
Every computer activity eventually passes via CPU
the microprocessor which houses today's CPUs is a
single chip originally computers had transistor-filled
circuit boards and were house in massive steel
cabinets know as tiny enough to fit in even in the
most tiniest mobile phone could ever exist or MP3
player without the CPU you won't be able to run any
type of software on your computer the more
powerful and updated your processor is then the
faster your computer can complete its task.
REMEMBER:

You couldn’t operate without your brain, and the

same goes for your computers and other electronic
devices, so it’s important that you look after your
CPU. If you use your PC or laptop for intensive work,
then you should make sure your CPU isn’t
overheating. With the CPU being the brain of your
computer, it will come as no surprise that the
specifications of the processor you have in your
device will have a significant impact on its
performance.
questions
What does CPU stands for?
Computer Core Central
Processing Processor Processing
Unit Unit Unit

A. B C
C. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
The cycle that CPU follows
from boot-up until the
computer has shut down is
called as fetch-decode-
execute cycle also known as
_?
Instruction Machine
Reboot Cycle
Cycle Cycle

A. B C
A. INSTRUCTION CYCLE
The CPU is the __ of the
computer.
Brain Heart Body

A. B C
A. BRAIN
Which does not belong to the
group
Arithmetic Control Unit Functional
Logic Unit Unit

A. B C
C. FUNCTIONAL UNIT
What is the last stage of
Instruction Cycle?
Decode Execute Fetch

A. B C
B. EXCUTE
What is the purpose of the
CPU?
 To store To process To create
permanent all the data power to the
files and And computer.
datas instructions.

A. B C
B. TO PROCESS ALL THE
DATA AND INSTRUCTIONS
Where can you find the CPU?
AVR Power Supply Motherboard
Unit

A. B C
C. MOTHERBOARD
The CPU is a _ inside the
computer.
Socket Chip Base Board

A. B C
B. CHIP
A. TRUE

Without a CPU, we could run

programs on a computer.

B. FALSE
B. FALSE
A. TRUE

A list of instructions that a

CPU can run is a computer
program.
B. FALSE
A. TRUE