Scribd
Upload
22 views9 pages

Transformers: Lecture No-1

Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another without changing frequency. They consist of two coils or windings placed on a common core. When an alternating voltage is applied to the primary winding, it induces an electromagnetic flux in the core which then induces an emf in the secondary winding. Transformers can either step up or step down voltages depending on the relative number of turns in the primary and secondary windings. Major applications include increasing voltage for transmission and decreasing voltage where power is used.

Uploaded by

vandavasim87
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views9 pages

Transformers: Lecture No-1

Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another without changing frequency. They consist of two coils or windings placed on a common core. When an alternating voltage is applied to the primary winding, it induces an electromagnetic flux in the core which then induces an emf in the secondary winding. Transformers can either step up or step down voltages depending on the relative number of turns in the primary and secondary windings. Major applications include increasing voltage for transmission and decreasing voltage where power is used.

Uploaded by

vandavasim87
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Transformers

Lecture No-1
Dr. R. Roy
Dean of Engineering and Technology
SRM University, Delhi-NCR
Sonepat
Single-Phase Transformers

 A transformer is a static device which can transfer electrical energy


from one circuit to another circuit without change of frequency.

 It can increase or decrease the voltage but with a corresponding


decrease or increase in current.

 It works on the principle of mutual induction.

 It must be used with an input voltage that varies in amplitude, i.e., an ac


voltage.

 A major application of transformers is to increase voltage before


transmitting electrical energy over long distances through wires and to
reduce voltage at places where it is to be used.
CONSTRUCTION
 A transformer mainly consists of two coils or windings placed on a
common core.

 With the increase in size (capacity) and operating voltage, it also needs
other parts such as a suitable tank, bushing, conservator, breather, etc.
Core

 The composition of a transformer core depends on voltage, current and


frequency.
 Commonly used core materials are soft iron and steel. Generally, air-
core transformers are used when the voltage source has a high
frequency (above 20 kHz).
 Iron-core transformers are usually used when the source frequency is
low (below 20 kHz).
 In most transformers, the core is constructed of laminated steel to
provide a continuous magnetic path.
Transformer Windings
 A transformer consists of two coils, called windings, which are wrapped
around a core.
 The winding in which electrical energy is fed is called the primary winding.
 The winding which is connected to the load is called the secondary
winding.
 The primary and secondary windings are made up of an insulated copper
conductor in the form of a round wire or strip.
 These windings are then placed around the limbs of the core.
 The windings are insulated from each other and the core, using cylinders
of insulating material such as a press board or Bakelite.
Comparison of Core-type and Shell-
type Transformers
WORKING PRINCIPLE

 When an alternating voltage V1 is applied to a primary winding, an


alternating current I1 flows in it producing an alternating flux in the
core.
 As per Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction, an e.m.f. e1 is
induced in the primary winding.
Contd.
 Assuming leakage flux to be negligible, almost the whole flux produced in
primary winding links with the secondary winding.
 Hence, an emf e2 is induced in the secondary winding.

 where N2 is the number of turns in the secondary winding.


 If the secondary circuit is closed through the load, a current I2 flows in the
secondary winding.
 Thus, energy is transferred from the primary winding to the secondary
winding
Contd.
 If number of turns in the secondary winding N2 is greater than the
number of turns in the primary winding N1, the transformer is called a
step-up transformer.

 If N2 is less than N1, the transformer is called a step-down transformer.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy