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Ucsp Group 1

Society is defined as a group of people living together in a particular place or time with many shared characteristics. Societies have evolved over millions of years through different stages such as hunting and gathering, horticultural and pastoral, agricultural, industrial, and postindustrial. Key developments include the domestication of plants and animals, use of the plow in agriculture, industrialization with machines powered by steam, and a postindustrial economy based on services and technology rather than production.

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Zach Balballego
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19 views23 pages

Ucsp Group 1

Society is defined as a group of people living together in a particular place or time with many shared characteristics. Societies have evolved over millions of years through different stages such as hunting and gathering, horticultural and pastoral, agricultural, industrial, and postindustrial. Key developments include the domestication of plants and animals, use of the plow in agriculture, industrialization with machines powered by steam, and a postindustrial economy based on services and technology rather than production.

Uploaded by

Zach Balballego
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LESSON 3: SOCIETY

UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND


POLITICS
WHAT IS SOCIETY?
● Society is a group of people living together in a
particular place or at a particular time and having many
things in common. Society can also be defined as an
aggregate of people living in a more or less ordered
community.
WHAT DOES SOCIETY LOOK LIKE?
● Society looks like an object itself. If society is an object,
this means that we can observe or examine it closely
and analyze it like any other objects. We can break them
into pieces and explore each piece carefully.
EVOLUTION
● EVOLUTION is defined as the process of growth and development or
the theory that organisms have grown and developed from past
organisms. Human just like any other organism undergone the process
of evolution. The evolution of human being has remained a contested
issue for decades. Charles Robert Darwin, an English naturalist,
geologist, and biologist known for his contribution to the science of
evolution (Darwin’s Origin of Species, 1859), suggests that different
species including human have evolved from simple life forms,
generally considered to occur at a slow rate.
MICROEVOLUTION AND THE
FORMATION OF NEW SPECIES
● Microevolution is about the formation of a new species
(speciation), and the relationship between the evolutionary
relationships of other species among groups of species.
PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
● The word "Paleolithic" was coined by archaeologist John
Lubbock in 1865. It derives from Greek: palaios, "old";
and lithos, "stone", meaning "old age of the stone" or
"Old Stone Age." Paleolithic Period is divided into three
division, and each division has its distinct too making
tradition (Kottak, 2000).
3 DIVISION OF PALEOLITHIC
PERIOD
● THE LOWER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD

● THE MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD

● THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD


THE LOWER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
● Marked the existence of the Homo Erectus. Homo
Erectus sought efficiency and create tools for specific
purpose. During this period, hand axe and other stone
tools were made. Tools are formed using clipping
method of two rocks from different angles (Kottak,
2000).
THE MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD

● Is the period when the Homo Sapiens lived. Homo


sapiens made more efficient tools compare to the Home
Erectus, allowing them to do anatomical labor, such as
prying, lifting, holding, and pulling (Kottak, 2000).
THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD

● Where the use of blade rather than long flakes of rock


was more distinct. The expansion of the specialization in
tool making reflected an increase in the population of
the Homo Sapiens Sapiens (Kottak, 2000).
CULTURAL AND SOCIOPOLITICAL
EVOLUTION
● The cultural and sociopolitical evolution of humankind
underwent several stages of changes for the past
millennia. It started during the Neolithic
Stage/Revolution until the development of states and in
contemporary times, the practice of other forms of
government.
CULTURAL AND SOCIOPOLITICAL
EVOLUTION
● Additionally; in this stage, human begins to settle in
areas they called villages, grow crops and animals, and
lessen the nomadic practice. It is also noteworthy that
cultivation of plants and raising animals are easier than
gathering and hunting them in the wild, respectively.
TYPES OF SOCIETY
● The society we live in did not spring up overnight.
Human societies have evolved slowly over millions of
years. However, throughout history, technological
developments have sometimes brought about dramatic
change that has boosted human society into its next
age.
TYPES OF SOCIETY
1. Hunting and Gathering Stage

2. Horticultural and Pastoral Societies

3. Agricultural Societies

4. Industrial Societies

5. Postindustrial Societies
HUNTING AND GATHERING STAGE
● During this stage, man used simple tools to hunt animals and
vegetation. The hunting and gathering societies characteristics are:

● a. The primary institution is the family, which decides how food is to


be shared and how children are to be socialized, and which provides
for the protection of its members.

● b. Number of families in this society tends to be small with fewer than


fifty members.

● c. They were nomadic in search of food.

● d. Society members have very high level of interdependence.

● e. Division of labor is based on sex: men hunt, women gather.


HORTICULTURAL AND PASTORAL
SOCIETIES
● a. Horticultural societies use hand tools to raise crops.
People started to stay in one place and grow their own
food.

● b. Pastoral societies started the domestication and


breeding of animals for food
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES
● The invention of the plow led to the establishment of
agricultural societies. Members of these societies tend
crops with an animal harnessed to a plow. The use of
animals to pull a plow eventually led to the creation of
cities and formed the basic structure of
modernsocieties.
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES
● Use advanced sources of energy, rather than humans
and animals, to run large machinery. Industrialization
started in the mid-1700s, when the steam engine was
first used in Great Britain as a means of running other
machines. In the 20th century, industrialized societies
had changed dramatically
POSTINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES
● This type of society that has developed over the past
few decades features an economy based on services
and technology, not production.
3 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF
POST INDUSTRIAL
SOCIETIES
● a. These societies focus on ideas as tangible goods no longer
drive the economy.

● b. There has been a need for higher education for the


postindustrial societies because the new focus on information
and technology means that people must pursue higher
education.

● c. There was a shift in working place from cities to homes


because new communications technology allows work to be
performed from a variety of location.
THANKS FOR LISTENING
IT’S TIME FOR AN ACTIVITY

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