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1980 AHSME Solutions

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648 views7 pages

1980 AHSME Solutions

Uploaded by

Thomaz Senna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SOLUTION-ANSWER PAMPHLET THIRTY FIRST ANNUAL HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS EXAMINATION 1 au Sponsored jointly by the MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA SOCIETY OF ACTUARIES MU ALPHA THETA NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS and CASUALTY ACTUARIAL SOCIETY @ = a3 © This key is prepared for the convenience of teachers nm ‘Some of the solutions may be intentionally incomplete; crucial steps are shown. 3. The solutions shown here are by no means the only ones possible, nor are they necessarily Superior to all alternatives, 4. Even where a “high-powered” method is used.a more elementary procedure is also shown, 5, This solution-answer key validates our statement that nothing beyond precalculus mathematics is needed to solve the problems posed. Chairman: Committee on High School Contests Mathematics Department, The City College of Now York, 138th St. at Convent Ave. Mew York, N.Y. 10031, “secutive Director; Mathematics Department, University of Nebraska A S17 Oldtathes Hall, Lincoln, Nebr. 68553. ‘Olympiad Subcommites Chairman: Hill Mathematical Center, Flutgers University, New Brunawick, Nid. 00963, Copyright ©The Mathematical Association of America, 1980 n 100, 1, () Since —3- = “43, the number is 14. 8, (A) The given equation is equivalent to each of these equations (D) The highest powers of x in the factors (x? + L)* and (x? + 1)? are 8 and 9, atb_ ot respectively. Hence the highest power of x in the product is 8 + 9 = 17. , ab a+b re ; (o +b} =ab a +ab +b? =0, -(E) 2 Y= 2 then +P ‘Since the last equation is satisfied by the pairs (a, 5) such that bx ee e al gn ENE sa there are no pairs of real numbers satisfying the original = x 2 equation. © 9. .(E) As shown in the adjoining _ (C) The measures of angles 4ADC, XCDE and $ENG are 90°, 60° and 90°, See, toate are AnD eee Possible starting points, respectively, Hence the measure of SGD is Hela Snae eee = 360° — (90° + 60° + 90") = 120°, ise . (B) Triangle POC is a 30°-60°-90° right triangle. Since AQ = CQ Po _ PO a 10. (D) Since the teeth are all the same size, equally spaoi and are meshed, they AQ. "0. a . all move with the same absolute speed v (v is the distance a point on the circumference moves per unit of time). Let , 8,7 be the angular speeds of A, B, C, respectively, Ifa, 6, ¢ represent the lengths of the circumferences (A) Since x is positive the following are equivalent: of A, #, C, respectively, then wr de x 1078? + C7 =(10°9 + 100 +c)" — 10%? = 10°%(2ab) + 10%? + Jae) + 10(2be) + c* In particular, 2ab = $, Since no digit of N is zero, a4. Thus either 4 =0 org =4 und 6 = 1, In the latter case, N= (410 +c) = 168100 + 820¢ 4 ¢7. Since N has no digit zero, ¢ > 1, But then either the middle two digits or the leftmost two digits are not a square. Thus the latter case ix impossible and & = 0. Therefore, N= (1040 + ¢)?= 1040+ 10%(2ac) +2. ) Thusa > 4,¢ > 4 and Jac is an even two-digit perfect square, It is now easy to check that cithera = 8, c= 4, N = 646416, or elsea=4,c=8, N= 166464.

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