DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES, SPACE
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

LABORATORY REPORT (DDWJ 3912)

NAME : 1) MUHAMMAD ISFAHAN BIN IMRAN

DX202585DWJN04
2) FAUZAN HAMIDI BIN HASSIM
DX202590DWJN04
3) MOHD NASRUDDIN BIN MOHD SAAD
DX202577DWJN04
4) LAU LEE CHAI
DX202587DWJN04
GROUP/SECTION : 01

TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : PELTON TURBINE

DATE OF EXPERIMENT : 9 SEPTEMBER 2023

LECTURER NAME : Ms NOOR IZAETY BINTI AZHAR

MARKS:
TITLE: Pelton Turbine

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the turbine efficiencies at the various hydraulic head.

APPARATUS:
Pelton turbine set, hydraulic bench and tachometer

PROCEDURE:

1. Set up the pelton turbine apparatus on hydraulic bench.

2. Connect the electric power between controlled boxed and pelton turbine unit.
3. Connect power plugged of hydraulic bench.
4. Press the green button on a magnetic switched to started the pumped.
5. Control flowed rate with gate valve and ball valve.
6. Press the red button on a magnetic switched to off the pumped.

EXPERIMENT DATA:
EXPERIMENT DATA

p g Q H
RPM V A
(kg/m3) (m2/s) LPM m3/s BAR m
0.9 9.1776 64.92 19.50 0.50
45 0.00075 0.95 9.6875 49.77 14.35 0.81
0.95 9.6875 12.30 11.05 1.02
0.55 5.6085 55.05 16.07 0.48
40 0.00066 0.55 5.6085 44.79 13.30 0.67
0.55 5.6085 35.29 9.80 0.88
1000 9.81
0 0 33.31 9.40 0.52
35 0.00058 0 0 31.52 8.80 0.57
0 0 27.81 7.80 0.64
0 0 93.96 11.02 0.34
30 0.0005 0 0 35.08 10.02 0.43
0 0 30.26 7.80 0.56

TABLE 2
Q H
(Wturb) in (W) (Wturb) out (W) n(%)
(m3/s) (m)
9.1776 4051451.52 9.75 0.000241
45 9.6875 4276546.875 11.6235 0.000272
9.6875 4276546.875 11.271 0.000264
5.6085 2200775.4 7.7136 0.00035
40 5.6085 2200775.4 8.911 0.000405
5.6085 2200775.4 8.624 0.000392
0 0 4.888 0
35 0 0 5.016 0
0 0 4.992 0
0 0 3.7468 0
30 0 0 4.3086 0
0 0 4.368 0

Effiency between Q and RPM

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Pelton Turbine

Discussion:

There is a relationship between the discharge and the theoretical power output of the turbine, as seen
by the calculation showing that the real power output is somewhat less than the theoretical power
output numbers. Because losses from air friction and bearings are proportionately much larger than in a
large, powerful turbine, the efficiency will be substantially lower.

For the Pelton Wheel to function, water must be available. With the knowledge of the head of water and
the flow rate, one can determine the ideal wheel size, the optimal rotation speed for optimal efficiency,
and the expected power development.

It is also accurate to say that the system's efficiency rises with the Pelton wheel's particular speed. This is
based on the correlation between the values that were gathered, tabulated, and graphed as shown in
the attachment.

Conclusion:

This experiment was carried out with an acceptable level of accuracy. It was generally a success as the
results obtained were useful for the analysis of the properties of the machine.

From the experimental result, it became possible for the real picture of the operational basis of the
machine to be displayed in such a way that the characteristics of the turbine were visible in the graphical
analysis used.

The experiment was not fully accurate due to several errors that resulted from several misdoings. The
greatest being that it become difficult to acquire readings from the spring balance since the setup was
vibration as result of the operation of the machine. As such this explains the slight deviation of the result
obtained in the experiment that was later reflected in the graphs drawn to represent the work.

Other errors may have resulted from unsee leakages in the system and observational and computational
errors. The experiment was, however, carried out with great level of keenness to reduce the occurrence
of such errors.