Scientech 2201 & Scientech 2202

Experiment 1
__ Objective:
Double -Sideband AM Ge nerati~ ----
Procedure:
· This experiment investigates the generation of double sideband amplitude modulated
(AM) wayeforms, using the Scientech 2201 module. By removing the carrier from
such an AM waveforms, the generation of double sideband suppressed carrier
(DSBSC) AM is also investigated.
1. Ensure that the following initial conditions exist on the board.
a. Audio input select switch should be in INT position to select onboard
generated audio signal as a modulating signal.
b. Mode switch in DSB position to connect the DSB signal to Output
Amplifier section.
c. Output amplifier's gain potentiometer in full clockwise position for
maximum amplification.
d. Speakers switch in OFF position.

Balance Modt.ila1or & Band Pa$s Fjl\er t

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Scienlech 2201 ose1S~ A,~ T~ii~itti; ~ ,~
: (< ' .._;{· ';\>$_ .::...~~:(~~~~:..;.Q ,

Figure 1.1

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 Scientecb 2201 & Scientecb 2202

2. Tum on power to the Scientech 2201 board.

3. Observe the output of 'Audio Oscillator' block at 'Audio Sign_al D_utput' test
point on Osc11loscope (Fig.l-:2f.Amphtude andt requency of this audio signal
can be varied using the respective Amplitude and Frequency control pots. The
amplitude varies from Oto 2vpp approx and frequency varies from ,300Hz to 3
KHz approx.
This is the audio frequency sine wave which will use as modulating signal input
to Balanced Modulator and Band Pass Circuit I.
[CHI(Y)- 0.5V; Time base-0.1 mSJ

Figure 1.2

4. I MHz Crystal Oscillator Block generates a sine wave of I MHz fr~quency and
120mV pp amplitude approx, which is used as a carrier input to Balance
Modulator and Band Pass Filter Circuit I. Observe the carrier waveform at
output test point on Oscilloscope. [CHI(Y)- I0mV; Time base- I uS]

'
.tf
.• I
I
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Scientecb 2201 & Scientecb 2202

Figure 1.3
5. Balanced Modulator and Band Pass Filter Circuit 1 use to perform 'Double Side
Band Amplitude Modulation'. Balance pot is used to vary the depth of
modulation AM waveform. Initially turn the pot to its maximum position and
observe the DSB AM output on Oscilloscope together with the modulating
Audio Signal output I at Trigger the Oscilloscope on the Audio signal output.
The output from the balanced modulator & band pass filter circuit 1 block is a
double-sideband. AM waveform, which has been formed by amplitude-
modulating the 1MHz carrier sinewave with the audio-frequency sinewave from
the audio oscillator.
[CHl(Y)- lV; CH2(X)-0.2V Time base-0.1 mS]

Figure 1.4

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 Scientech 2201 & Scientech 2202
The frequency spectrum of this AM waveform is as shown below in Figure 1.5,
where fin is the frequency of the audio modulating signal.
•- XZ'~ ..,..,,.,;:;:;;-, ~~~.,....r-:;:..:-----·

-Amplitude Carrier
• ,!LoV{er 1,/pP,er ·
• ~idebang Sideband
,"·•.•.
::,._.;'~: j :. : .: -
. .. . ~--··
(1 MHz-fiT]) 1MHz (1 MHz+ fm) Frequency

Figure 1.5
6. To determine the depth of modulation, measure the maximum amplitude
')1 (Vmax) and the minimum amplitude (V min) of the AM waveform, and use the
following formula:
. Vmax-Vmin
Percentage Modulat10n = - - - - - X I 00%
Vmax+Vmin
Where V max and V min are the maximum and minimum amplitudes shown in
Figure 1.4.
7. Now vary the frequency of the modulating audio signal by varying the
frequency · pot of audio oscillator block and observe the effect on AM
waveform. The frequenc·y of envelop also varies with respect to the modulating
audio signal frequency.
8. Now vary the amplitude of the modulating audio signal by varying the
amplitude pot in the audio oscillator block and obseFVe the effect on AM
waveform. The amplitude of two sidebands can be reduced to zero by reducing
the amplitude of the modulating audio signal to .zero. Do this by turning the
amplitude pot to its MIN position, and note that the signal at the output of
Balanced modulator & Band pass filter I becomes an un-modulated sine wave
of frequency I MHz, indicating that only the carrier component now remains.

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Scientech 2201 & Scientech 2202

Figure 1.6

Figure 1.7

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Scientech 2201 & Scientech 2202

Figure 1.8

9. Now tum the amplitude pot of modulating audio signal to its maximum position
and observe the DSB AM waveform at the output of Balanced Modulator &
Band pass filter I by varying the ' Balance' pot to see the effect of change of
depth of modulation.
[CHI(Y)- IV; CH2(X)- 0.2V Time base - 0.1 mS]

Figure 1.9

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Scientecb 2201 & Scientecb 2202

Figure 1.10

Figure 1.11

34
Scientecb Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
 Scientecb 2201 & Scientecb 2202

IO. Observe the output of the 'Output Amplifier block . , together with the
modulating Audio signal output, triggering the scope with the audio signal.
Note- that -the- 0SB·SG-- waveform-appears,amplified--s-lightly- at- the--Gutput-- - -
Amplifier, as we will see later, it is the output amplifier's output signal which
will be transmitted to the receiver.
11. By using the microphone, the human voice can be used as the modulating
y · signal, instead of using Scientech 220l's audio oscillator block.
·
Connect the module's output to the external audio input on the Scientech 2201
board, and put the audio input select switch in the ext position.
The input signal to the audio input module may be taken from an external
microphone or from a cassett~ recorder, by choosing the appropriate switch
setting on the module.
Refer the user manual for the audio input module, for further details.

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