Since Our instructor is so lazy he might ask chatGPT to prepate the exam question so we ask her(yes

she is a female) first:

Mid Exam - Introduction to Machine Learning

1. What is the primary distinction between artificial intelligence and machine learning?
a) AI is a subset of ML
b) ML is a subset of AI
c) They are interchangeable terms
d) AI and ML have no relationship
2. Define supervised learning and provide an example scenario where it is applicable.
a) Training a model using labeled data
b) Learning without any guidance
c) Learning from unstructured data
d) None of the above
3. What does deep learning focus on within the context of machine learning?
a) Shallow neural networks
b) Processing data with artificial neural networks
c) Learning without neural networks
d) None of the above
4. In the context of AI, what does NLP stand for?
a) Neural Language Processing
b) Natural Learning Process
c) Networked Language Processing
d) Natural Language Processing
5. Provide an example of a problem solved by machine learning in the automotive industry.
a) Predictive maintenance
b) Weather prediction
c) Voice recognition
d) Object detection
6. Which type of machine learning deals with learning from unlabeled data to discover patterns or
distributions?
a) Supervised learning
b) Unsupervised learning
c) Semi-supervised learning
d) Reinforcement learning
7. What is the main goal of reinforcement learning?
 a) Predicting outcomes
b) Imitating human thought process
c) Maximizing a reward in decision-making
d) Clustering data
8. In the context of unsupervised learning, what is clustering?
a) Grouping similar items
b) Labeling data manually
c) Predicting continuous values
d) Classifying data
9. What is the primary difference between regression and classification problems in machine
learning?
a) Regression deals with real values, while classification deals with categories
b) Classification deals with real values, while regression deals with categories
c) Regression and classification are the same
d) None of the above
10. What are the three primary components involved in solving tasks with machine learning?
a) ML model, ML training algorithm, ML inference algorithm
b) Data, Code, Output
c) Input, Process, Output
d) Supervision, Training, Evaluation

Answer Sheet:

1. b) ML is a subset of AI
2. a) Training a model using labeled data
3. b) Processing data with artificial neural networks
4. d) Natural Language Processing
5. a) Predictive maintenance
6. b) Unsupervised learning
7. c) Maximizing a reward in decision-making
8. a) Grouping similar items
9. a) Regression deals with real values, while classification deals with categories
10. a) ML model, ML training algorithm, ML inference algorithm

Question Sheet:

11. What is the purpose of cognitive computing in the context of artificial intelligence?
a) Imitating human thought process
b) Predicting outcomes
 c) Enhancing machine learning algorithms
d) Classifying data
12. Differentiate between supervised and unsupervised learning, providing an example for each.
a) Supervised learning uses labeled data; unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data
b) Unsupervised learning uses labeled data; supervised learning uses unlabeled data
c) Both use the same type of data
d) None of the above
13. In machine learning, what is the main role of a loss function during the training of a model?
a) It defines the goal of the model
b) It measures the model's distance from the goal
c) It determines the type of data used for training
d) It evaluates the model's accuracy
14. Explain the concept of semi-supervised learning and provide an analogy for better understanding.
a) Learning concept under teachers' supervision and self-learning
b) Learning with complete guidance from a teacher
c) Learning without any guidance or supervision
d) None of the above
15. How does reinforcement learning differ from supervised and unsupervised learning in terms of
data and learning approach?
a) Reinforcement learning lacks labeled data and learns through experiences only
b) Reinforcement learning uses labeled data like supervised learning
c) Reinforcement learning relies on unsupervised learning techniques
d) None of the above
16. Elaborate on the significance of the five steps in the machine learning process, emphasizing their
iterative nature.
a) Define the problem, build a dataset, model training, model evaluation, model inference
b) Define the problem, evaluate the model, build a dataset, model inference, model training
c) Build a dataset, model training, define the problem, model evaluation, model inference
d) Model inference, model evaluation, build a dataset, define the problem, model training
17. Discuss the importance of data inspection in the machine learning process, highlighting key
factors to consider.
a) Data inspection ensures the model's accuracy
b) Data inspection is irrelevant in machine learning
c) Data inspection helps identify outliers, missing values, and trends in the data
d) Data inspection is only required for supervised learning
18. Define the term "Data Mining" and explain its role in extracting valuable information from large
datasets.
 a) Data Mining is the process of digging into data without any specific goal
b) Data Mining is irrelevant in machine learning
c) Data Mining extracts data patterns and unknown patterns from large datasets
d) Data Mining refers to labeling data manually
19. What distinguishes artificial intelligence from machine learning and deep learning?
a) They are interchangeable terms
b) Deep learning is a subset of AI; ML is a subset of deep learning
c) AI is broader, encompassing various approaches, while ML and deep learning are specific
subsets
d) AI, ML, and deep learning are the same
20. Provide examples of applications in the healthcare industry that leverage machine learning for
various purposes.
a) Wearable fitness trackers, smart health watches, drug discovery
b) Ride-sharing, social media advertising, financial forecasting
c) Computer vision, voice recognition, predictive maintenance
d) DNA sequencing, brain tumor detection, credit scoring

Answer Sheet:

11. a) Imitating human thought process

12. a) Supervised learning uses labeled data; unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data
13. b) It measures the model's distance from the goal
14. a) Learning concept under teachers' supervision and self-learning
15. a) Reinforcement learning lacks labeled data and learns through experiences only
16. a) Define the problem, build a dataset, model training, model evaluation, model inference
17. c) Data inspection helps identify outliers, missing values, and trends in the data
18. c) Data Mining extracts data patterns and unknown patterns from large datasets
19. c) AI is broader, encompassing various approaches, while ML and deep learning are specific
subsets
20. a) Wearable fitness trackers, smart health watches, drug discovery

Question Sheet:

21. Explain the concept of deep learning and its relationship to neural networks in the field of artificial
intelligence.
a) Deep learning is a subset of AI; neural networks are irrelevant in deep learning
b) Deep learning involves processing data with artificial neural networks
c) Deep learning is the same as machine learning
d) Neural networks are used exclusively in supervised learning
22. Define the terms "overfitting" and "regularization" in the context of machine learning models.
a) Overfitting is a form of regularization; regularization prevents overfitting
b) Overfitting occurs when a model performs well on test data; regularization is irrelevant
c) Overfitting is desired for optimal model performance; regularization hinders overfitting
d) Overfitting and regularization are unrelated concepts
23. Compare and contrast reinforcement learning and supervised learning, highlighting their
fundamental differences.
a) Both use labeled data for training
b) Reinforcement learning lacks labeled data and learns through experiences only
c) Supervised learning is iterative, while reinforcement learning is not
d) Reinforcement learning is the same as unsupervised learning
24. Discuss the role of data visualization in the machine learning process and provide examples of
situations where it is particularly beneficial.
a) Data visualization is unnecessary in machine learning
b) Data visualization helps stakeholders understand data trends and outliers
c) Data visualization is limited to clustering algorithms
d) Data visualization is exclusive to supervised learning
25. Elaborate on the characteristics and applications of unsupervised learning, emphasizing its role in
data exploration.
a) Unsupervised learning requires labeled data; it is mainly used for classification tasks
b) Unsupervised learning finds hidden patterns and insights in unlabeled data
c) Unsupervised learning is suitable only for regression problems
d) Unsupervised learning is not applicable in real-world scenarios
26. What are the key components of a machine learning model, and how do they contribute to solving
different but related problems?
a) Model parameters, loss function, and inference algorithm; they define the problem
b) Model, model training algorithm, and model inference algorithm; they are specific to labeled
data
c) Data, model parameters, and evaluation metric; they determine the learning approach
d) Model, loss function, and data transformation; they are exclusive to supervised learning
27. Differentiate between hierarchical clustering and distribution model-based clustering in terms of
their approaches to grouping data.
a) Both approaches involve probabilistic models
b) Hierarchical clustering requires specifying the number of clusters; distribution model-based
clustering does not
c) Distribution model-based clustering uses density-based approaches
d) Hierarchical clustering is exclusive to supervised learning
28. In the context of reinforcement learning, explain the concept of a "policy" and its significance in
guiding the agent's actions.
a) A policy is irrelevant in reinforcement learning
b) A policy is a strategy applied by the agent for the next action based on the current state
c) A policy is the same as a loss function in reinforcement learning
d) A policy is used for data visualization in reinforcement learning
29. Provide real-world examples where machine learning is applied in the finance sector, specifically
in credit scoring.
a) Predictive maintenance, drug discovery, weather prediction
b) Facial recognition, motion tracking, and object detection
c) Credit scoring, algorithmic trading, and fraud detection
d) Ride-sharing, social media advertising, and voice recognition
30. Explain the significance of the five steps in the machine learning process and how they contribute
to the iterative nature of model development.
a) The steps are irrelevant in machine learning
b) The steps define the problem and are followed sequentially without iteration
c) Each step contributes to refining and improving the model iteratively
d) The steps are applicable only to supervised learning

Answer Sheet:

21. b) Deep learning involves processing data with artificial neural networks
22. a) Overfitting is a form of regularization; regularization prevents overfitting
23. b) Reinforcement learning lacks labeled data and learns through experiences only
24. b) Data visualization helps stakeholders understand data trends and outliers
25. b) Unsupervised learning finds hidden patterns and insights in unlabeled data
26. b) Model, model training algorithm, and model inference algorithm; they are specific to labeled
data
27. b) Hierarchical clustering requires specifying the number of clusters; distribution model-based
clustering does not
28. b) A policy is a strategy applied by the agent for the next action based on the current state
29. c) Credit scoring, algorithmic trading, and fraud detection
30. c) Each step contributes to refining and improving the model iteratively

By Ayub Ali