VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE

OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

An Autonomous Institute, NAAC Accredited with ‘A++’ Grade
NBA Accredited for CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, EIE, IT B. Tech Courses
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTUH
Estd.1995 Recognized as “College with Potential for Excellence” by UGC
Subject & code: Thermodynamics (22PC1ME203) Academic Year: 2023-2024 Department: ME
Class: II B. Tech, ME-I Semester: I Date: 20.12.2023
Tutorial 8: (Properties of Pure Substance)
1. Find the enthalpy, entropy and volume of steam at 1.4 determined if the outlet temperature is at least 105°C.
MPa, 380ºC. [Ans: 0.944, 0.921]
2. A vessel of volume 0.04 m3 contains a mixture of Assignment
saturated water and saturated steam at a temperature of 1. A rigid tank with a volume of 2.5 m3 contains 15 kg of
250°C. The mass of the liquid present is 9 kg. Find the saturated liquid–vapor mixture of water at 75°C. Now
pressure, the mass. The specific volume, the enthalpy, the water is slowly heated. Determine the temperature at
the entropy, and the internal energy. [Ans: 9,675kg, which the liquid in the tank is completely vaporized.
0.00418m3/kg, 1188.32 kJ/kg, 2.9895kJ/kgK, Also, show the process on a T-v diagram with respect to
1171.72kJ/kg] saturation lines. [Ans: 187.0°C]
3. Steam initially at 0.3MPa, 250°C is cooled at constant 2. A piston–cylinder device initially contains 50 L of liquid
volume. (a) At what temperature will the steam become water at 40°C and 200 kPa. Heat is transferred to the
saturated vapour? (b) What is the quality at 80°C? What water at constant pressure until the entire liquid is
is the heat transferred per kg of steam in cooling from vaporized. (a) What is the mass of the water? (b) What is
250°C to 80°C? [Ans: 123.9˚C, 0.234, -1890.2kJ/kg] the final temperature? (c) Determine the total enthalpy
4. Steam initially at 1.5MPa. 300ºC expands reversibly and change. (d) Show the process on a T-v diagram with
adiabatically in a steam turbine to 40°C. Determine the respect to saturation lines. [Ans: (a) 49.61 kg, (b)
ideal work output of the turbine per leg of steam. 120.21°C, (c) 125,943 kJ]
[Ans:885.03 kJ/kg] 3. A 0.3-m3 rigid vessel initially contains saturated liquid–
5. Steam at 0.8MPa, 250˚C and flowing at the rate of 1kg/s vapor mixture of water at 150°C. The water is now
passes into a pipe carrying wet steam at 0.8MPa, 0.95 heated until it reaches the critical state. Determine the
dry. After adiabatic mixing the flow rate is 2.3 kg/s. mass of the liquid water and the volume occupied by the
determine the condition of steam after mixing. The liquid at the initial state. [Ans: 96.10 kg, 0.105 m3]
mixture is now expanded in a frictionless nozzle 4. A 1.8-m3 rigid tank contains steam at 220°C. One third
isentropically to a pressure of 0.4MPa. Determine the of the volume is in the liquid phase and the rest is in the
velocity of the steam leaving the nozzle. Neglect the vapor form. Determine (a) the pressure of the steam, (b)
velocity of steam in the pipeline. [Ans: 0.8MPa, 179˚C, the quality of the saturated mixture, and (c) the density
509.9m/s] of the mixture. [Ans: 2320 kPa, 0.0269, 287.8 kg/m3]
6. A steam turbine receives 600 kg/h of steam at 25 bar, 5. Ten kg of water at45°C is heated al a constant pressure
350˚C. At a certain stage of the turbine steam at the rate of 10bar until it becomes superheated vapour at 300°C.
of 150 kg/h is extracted at 3 bar, 200˚C. The remaining Find the changes in volume, enthalpy, internal energy
steam leaves the turbine at 0.2 bar, 0.92 dry. During the and entropy. [Ans: 2.569 m3, 28627.5 kJ, 26047.6 kJ,
expansion process, there is heat transfer from the turbine 64.842 ld/K]
to the surroundings at the rate of 10 kg/s. Evaluate per kg 6. A rigid vessel contains 1 kg of a mixture of saturated
of steam entering the turbine (a) the availability of steam water and saturated steam at a pressure of 0.15MPa.
entering and leaving the turbine, (b) the maximum work, When the mixture is heated, the state passes through the
and (c) the irreversibility. The atmosphere is at 30˚C critical point. Determine (a) the volume of vessel (b) the
[Ans: 1057.48kJ/kg, 199.85kJ/kg, 743.41kJ/kg, mass of liquid and of vapour in the vessel initially. (c)
207.44kJ/kg] The temperature of the mixture when the pressure has
7. Steam flows in a pipeline at 1.5 MPa. After expanding to raised to 3 MPa, and (d) the heat transfer required to
0.1 MPa in a throttling calorimeter, the temperature is produce the final state (c). [Ans: (a) 0.003155 m3, (b)
found to be 120 ˚C. Find the quality of steam in the pipe 0.9982 kg, 0.0018 kg, (c) 233.9°C, (d) 581.46 kJ/kg]
line. What is the maximum moisture at 1.5 MPa that can 7. Steam enters a turbine at a pressure of 100 bar and a
be determined with this set up if at least 5˚C of superheat temperature of 400°C. At the exit of the turbine the
is required after throttling for accurate readings? [Ans: pressure is 1 bar and the entropy is 0.6 J/g K greater than
0.963, 5.2%] that at inlet. The process is adiabatic and changes in KE
8. The following data were obtained with a separating and and PE may be neglected. Find the work done by the
throttling calorimeter: Pressure in pipe line =1.5MPa, steam in J/g. What is the mass flow rate of steam
Condition after throttling is 0.1 MPa, 110˚C, during five required to produce a power output of l kW? [Ans: 62.5
minutes moisture collected in the separator = 0.15 litter J/g, 1.6 kg/s]
at 70˚C, Steam condensed after throttling during 5 min = 8. A liquid (Cp = 6 kJ/kg K) is heated at an approi1imately
3.24 kg. Find the quality of steam in the pipeline. [Ans: constant pressure from 298 K to 90°C by passing it
0.915] through tubes immersed in a furnace. The mass now rate
9. Steam from an engine exhaust at 1.25 bar flows steadily is 0.2 kg/s. Determine (a) the heating load in kW (b) the
through an electric calorimeter and comes out at 1 bar, exergy production rate in kW corresponding to the
130C. The calorimeter has two 1 kW heaters and the temperature rise of the fluid. [Ans: (a) 78 kW, (b) 7.44
flow is measured to be 3.4 kg in 5 min. Find the quality kW]
in the engine exhaust. For the same mass flow and 9. Water at 90°C is flowing in a pipe. The pressure of the
pressure, what is the maximum moisture that can be water is 3 bar, the mass flow rate is 10 kg/s. the velocity

Name of Faculty: K Krishna Murthy MED Assistant Professor

 VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE
OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
An Autonomous Institute, NAAC Accredited with ‘A++’ Grade
NBA Accredited for CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, EIE, IT B. Tech Courses
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTUH
Estd.1995 Recognized as “College with Potential for Excellence” by UGC
Subject & code: Thermodynamics (22PC1ME203) Academic Year: 2023-2024 Department: ME
Class: II B. Tech, ME-I Semester: I Date: 20.12.2023
Tutorial 8: (Properties of Pure Substance)
is 0.5 m/s and the elevation of the pipe is 200 m above 18. Find the internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy of 1 kg of
the exit plane of the pipeline (ground level). Compute (a) steam at 10bar, when the condition of steam is (i) 0.9
the thermal exergy flux. (b) the pressure exergy flux, (c) dry, (ii) dry and saturated, and (iii) superheated steam at
the exergy flux from KE, (d) the exergy flux from PE, 225 °C. [VNR-SE-R15-2018].
(e) total exergy flux of the stream. [Ans, (a) 260 kW. 19. A vessel of volume 0.04 m3 contains a mixture of
(b)2.07kW, (c) 1.25 x 10-l kW, (d) 19.6 kW, (c) 282 saturated water and saturated steam at a temperature of
Kw] 250°C. The mass of the liquid present is 9 kg. Find the
10. Steam expands isentropcally in a nozzle from 1MPa, pressure, the mass. The specific volume, the enthalpy,
250°C to 10kPa. The steam flow rate is l kg/s. neglecting the entropy, and the internal energy. [VNR-SE-R18-
the KE of steam at inlet to the nozzle. Find the velocity 2019].
of steam at exit from the nozzle and the exit area of the 20. What is Mollier diagram and explain its importance.
nozzle. [Ans. 1223 m/s, 100 cm2] [JNTUH-SE-R09-2020].
11. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C 21. Draw the T-s Diagram of a pure substance and explain
and leaves at 10 kPa with a quality of 90 percent. various regimes. [JNTUH-SE-R09-2020].
Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies, 22. The feed water enters at 450 °C into the steam boiler of
determine the mass flow rate required for a power output 20 bar working pressure. Calculate the amount of heat
of 5 MW. [Ans: 4.852 kg/s] required to produce one kg of steam in following
12. Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The conditions i) 0.9 dry ii) dry saturated and iii) superheated
inlet conditions of the steam are 10 MPa, 450°C, and 80 with 300C of superheat. Take cpw = 4.187 and cp,steam =
m/s, and the exit conditions are 10 kPa, 92 percent 2.1 kJ/kg-K. [JNTUH-SE-R09-2021].
quality, and 50 m/s. The mass flow rate of the steam is 23. Draw the phase equilibrium diagram on T-S coordinates
12 kg/s. Determine the change in kinetic energy, (b) the for a substance which expands in volume on melting.
power output, and (c) the turbine inlet area. [Ans: (a) Indicate there on the relevant constant property lines.
_1.95 kJ/kg, (b) 10.2 MW, (c) 0.00447 m2] [VNR-SE-R19-2021].
13. A throttling calorimeter is used to measure the dryness
fraction of the steam in the team main which has steam
flowing at a pressure of 8 bar. The steam after passing
through the calorimeter is at 1 bar pressure and 115°C.
calculate the dryness fraction of the steam in the main.
Take Cps = 2.1 kJ/kg K. [Ans: 0.97]
14. A sample of steam from a boiler drum at 3 MPa is put
through a throttling calorimeter in which the pressure
and temperature are. found to be 0.1 MPa, 120°C. Find
the quality of the sample taken from the boiler. [Ans:
0.951]
15. The following observations were recorded in an
experiment with a combined separating and throttling
calorimeter: Pressure in the Steam main =15 bar, Mass
of water drained from the separator = 0.55 kg, Mass of
steam condensed after passing through the throttle valve
= 4.20 kg, Pressure and temperature after throttling = 1
bar, 120°C, Evaluate the dryness fraction of the steam in
the main, and state with reasons, whether the throttling
calorimeter alone could have been used for this test.
[Ans. 0.85]
16. The following observations were taken with a separating
and a throttling calorimeter arranged in series: water
separated 2 kg, steam discharged from the throttling
calorimeter = 20.5 kg, temperature of steam after
throttling = 110°C, initial pressure = 12 bar abs.,
barometer = 760 mm of Hg, final pressure = 5 mm of
Hg. Estimate the quality of steam supplied. [Ans: 0.87]
Previous Questions
17. Ten kg of water at 45 °C is heated at a constant pressure
of 10 bar until it becomes superheated vapour at 300 °C.
Find the change in volume, enthalpy, internal energy and
entropy. [VNR-SE-R13-2014].

Name of Faculty: K Krishna Murthy MED Assistant Professor