VOCAB FOR IELTS TASK 1

1. Introduction

Starting Presantation type Verb Description

- The... - Diagram - Show - the comparision of
- The given - Table - Represent - the differences
- The supplied - Figure - Depict - the changes
- The presented - Illustration - Enumerate - the number of
- The shown - Graph - Illustrate - information on
- The provided - Chart - Present - data on
- Flow chart - give - the proportion of
- Picture - provide - the amount of
- Presantation - delineate - the trend of
- Pie chart - outline - the percentages of
- Bar graph - describe - the ratio of
- Colunm graph - express - how the...
- Line graph - denote
- Table data - compare
information - constrast
- Pictorial - indicate
- Process - Figure
- Map - Give data on
- Give information on
- Present information
about
- demonstrate
- summarise

Ví dụ:

- The diagram shows employment rates among adults in four European countries from 1925 to
1985.

- The given pie charts represent the proportion of male and female employees in 6 broad
categories, dividing into manual and non-manual occupations in Australia, between 2010 and
2015.

- The chart gives information about consumer expenditures on six products in four countries
namely Germany, Italy, Britain and France.

- The supplied bar graph compares the number of male and female graduates in three
developing countries while the table data presents the overall literacy rate in these countries.
- The bar graph and the table data depict the water consumption in different sectors in five
regions.

- The bar graph enumerates the money spent on different research projects while the column
graph demonstrates the fund sources over a decade, commencing from 1981.

- The line graph delineates the proportion of male and female employees in three different
sectors in Australia between 2010 and 2015.

Lưu ý:

Phần Introduction cần đề cập đến 3 yếu tố: What + Where + When. Ví dụ: The diagram presents
information on the percentages of teachers who have expressed their views about the different
problems they face when dealing with children in three Australian schools from 2001 to 2005.

→ What = the percentages of teachers ...

→ Where = three Australian schools ...

→ When = from 2001 to 2005 ...

2. Overview

- In general

- In common

- Generally speaking

- Overall, It is obvious

- As is observed

- As a general trend

- As can be seen

- As an overall trend

- As is presented

- It can be clearly seen that

- At the first glance

- it is clear, At the onset

- it is clear that

- A glance at the graphs reveals that, v.v.

Ví Dụ:

- In general, the employment opportunities increased till 1970 and then declined throughout
the next decade.

- As is observed, the figures for imprisonment in the five mentioned countries show no overall
pattern, rather shows the considerable fluctuations from country to country.

- Generally speaking, citizens in the USA had a far better life standard than that of remaining
countries.

- As can be seen, the highest number of passengers used the London Underground station at
8:00 in the morning and at 6:00 in the evening.

- Generally speaking, more men were engaged in managerial positions in 1987 than that of
women in New York this year.

- As an overall trend, the number of crimes reported increased fairly rapidly until the mid-
seventies, remained constant for five years and finally, dropped to 20 cases a week after 1982.

- At a first glance, it is clear that more percentages of native university pupils violated
regulations and rules than the foreign students did during this period.

- At the onset, it is clear that drinking in public and drink driving were the most common
reasons for US citizens to be arrested in 2014.

- Overall, the leisure hours enjoyed by males, regardless of their employment status, was much
higher than that of women.

3. Body Paragraph:

a) Mở đầu:

- As is presented in the diagram(s)/ graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table...

- As (is) shown in the illustration…

- As can be seen in the…

- As the diagrams suggest…

- According to the…

- Categorically speaking…

- Getting back to the details…

- Now, turning to the details…

- The table data clearly shows that…

- The diagram reveals that…

- The data suggest that..

- The graph gives the figure...

- It is interesting to note that…

- It is apparently seen that...

- It is conspicuous that...

- It is explicitly observed that..

- It is obvious...

- It is clear from the data....

- It is worth noticing that...

- It is crystal clear/ lucid that..

- It can be clearly observed that...

- It could be plainly seen that...

- It could be noticed that...

- We can see that

b) Từ vựng thể hiện sự thay đổi:

Trends Verbs form Noun form

Increase rise, increase, go up, uplift, a rise, an increase, an upward
 rocket, climb, upsurge, soar, trend, a growth, a leap, a
shot up, improve, jump, leap, jump, an improvement, a
move upward, skyrocket, climb
surge
Descrease Fall, descrease, decline, a fall, a decrease, a reduction,
plummet, drop, reduce, a downward trend, a
collapse, deteriorate, dip, downward tendency, a
dive, go down, take a decline, a drop, a slide, a
nosedive slum, slide, go into collapse, a down fall
free-fall
Steadiness/ Flat Unchanged, Level out, level a steadiness, a plateau, a
off, remain constant, remain stability, a static, no change, a
steady, plateau, ramain the flat
same, remain the stable,
remain static, remain
unchanged, stabilise, prevail
consistency, reached a
plateau
Gradual increase an upward trend
an upward tendency
a descending trend
Gradual decrease a downward trend
a donward tendency
a descending trend

Ví dụ:

- The overall sale of the company increased by 20% at the end of the year.

- The expenditure of the office remained constant for the last 6 months but the profit rose by
almost 25%.

- There was a 15% drop in the ratio of student enrollment in this University.The population of
the country remained almost the same as it was 2 years ago.

- The population of these two cities increase significantly in the last two decades and it is
expected that it will remain stable during the next 5 years.

* Một số tips sử dụng từ vựng:

- Sử dụng “improve/”an improvement” để miêu tả các tình hình, ví dụ như tình trạng kinh tế
hay điều kiện công ăn việc làm. Để biểu hiện các con số bạn có thể sử dụng các động từ hoặc
danh từ như “increase”.
Từ vựng chỉ thời gian

- From 1990 to 2000, Commencing from 1980, Between 1995 and 2005, After 2012.

- By 1995, In 1998, In February, Over the period, During the period, During 2011

- In the first half of the year, For the first quarter, The last quarter of the year, During the first
decade

- In the 80s, In the 1980s, During the next 6 months, In the mid-70s, Next 10 years, Previous
year, Next year, Between 1980 - 1990

- Within a time span of ten years, within five years

- Next month, Next quarter, Next year, Previous month, Previous year

- Since, Then, From

Từ vựng chỉ sự áng chừng, xấp xỉ

- Approximately

- Nearly

- Roughly

- Almost

- About

- Around

- More or less

- Just over

- Just under

- Just around

- Just about

- Just below

- A little more than

- A little less than

Từ vựng chỉ điểm cao nhất và thấp nhất trong biểu đồ

Type Verb Noun

Điểm cao nhất Peak a/the peak
Culminated a/the pinnacle
Climaxed a/the vertex
Reach the peak the highest point
Hit the peak a/the summit
Touch the highest a/the acme
Reach the highest point a/the zenith
Reach the vertex
Reach the apex
Điểm thấp nhất Touch the lowest point Bottommost mark
Hit the lowest point the all-time low
the lowest level
the bottom
rock-bottom

Ví dụ:

- The price of the oil reached a peak amounting $20 in February and again touched the lowest
point amounting only $10 in July

- Student enrollment in foreign Universities and Colleges increased dramatically hitting a peak
of over 20 thousand in 2004.

- The highest number of books was sold in July while it was lowest in December.

- The oil price reached a pick in 2003 while it was lowest in 2006.

- The selling volume of the DVD hit a pick with 2 million copies sold in a month but after just
three months it reached the bottom with only 20 thousand sold in a month.

Từ vựng chỉ sự biến động lên - xuống của biểu đồ:

- Fluctuate

- Be erratic

- Rise and fall erratically

- Changes sporadically

- Rise and fall irregularly

- Changes Intermittently

Từ ngữ chỉ ngày tháng năm và những quy tắc ngữ pháp:

- Between … (year/month)... and … (year/month )...

- From … (year/month/day/date) ... to … (year/month/day/date) ...

- In … (year/month) ...

- On .. .(day/day of the week/a date) ...

- At ..., In …, By ...

- During ... (year) ...

- Over the period/ over the century/ later half of the year/ the year ...

- Over the next/ past/ previous ... days/ weeks/ months/ years/ decades …

Từ vựng diễn tả sự thay đổi lớn/nhỏ ra sao:

- Equalled

- Doubled

- Trebled / tripled

- Quadrupled (fourfold /four times)

- Pentadrupled (fivefold /five times)

- Hexadrupled (sixfold /six times)

- Septupled (sevenfold /seven times)

- Octupled (Eightfold/eight times)

- Nonupled (Ninefold/ nine times)

- Centupled (hundredfold/ hundred times)

Từ vựng thể hiện sự so sánh trong biểu đồ:

Type Words should be used

Similar about/ almost/ nearly/ roughly/ approximately/
around/ just about/ very nearly
Just over just above/ just over/ just bigger/ just beyond/ just
across
Just short just below/ just beneath/ just sort/ just under little
Much more well above/ well above/ well beyond/ well across/
well over
Much less well below/ well under/ well short/ well beneath

Ví dụ:

- The number of high-level women executives is well beneath than the number of male
executives in this organisation, where approximately 2000 people work in executive levels.

- About 1000 people died in the highway car accident in 2003 which is well above than the
statistics of all other years.

- The number of domestic violence cases was just below 500 in March which is just a little over
than the previous months.

- The average rainfall in London in 2014 was just above than the average of two other cities.

- The salaries of male executives in three out of four companies were well above than the
salaries of female executives in 1998.

Khi muốn đề cập đến một đặc điểm trong biểu đồ:

- With regards to

- In the case of

- As for

- Turning to

- When it comes to ... ...

- Where ... is/are concerned, ...

- Regarding ...

Từ vựng thể hiện so sánh và đối lập:

- Similarly, In a similar fashion, In the same way, Same as, As much as, Meanwhile.

- However, On the contrary, On the other hand, In contrast, Meanwhile, By Comparison

Từ vựng thể hiện sự tương đương giữa 2 đặc điểm/xu hướng:

Nếu 2 đối tượng được so sánh giống hệt nhau:

- identical to/ Identical with ...

- equal to with ...

- exactly the same ...

- the same as ...

- precisely the same ...

- absolutely the same ...

- just the same as …

Nếu 2 đối tượng được so sánh không giống hệt nhau mà chỉ gần tương đương:

- almost the same as ...

- nearly the same as ...

- practically the same as ...

- almost identical/ similar ...

- about the same as …

Từ vựng thể hiện sự đối ngược giữa 2 đặc điểm/xu hướng:

- The reverse is the case…

- It is quite the opposite/ reverse…

Không trang trọng Trang trọng

Go up Increase
Go down Decrease
Look at Examine
Find out Discover
Point out Indicate
Need to Required
Get Obtain
Think about Consider
Seem Appear
Show Demonstrate/ Illustrate
Start Commence
Keep Retain
But However
So Therefore/ Thus
Also In addition/ Additionally
In the meantime In the interim
In the end Finally
Anyway Notwithstanding
Lots of/ A lot of Much/ many
Kids Children
Cheap Inexpensive
Right Correct
I think In my opinion

TỪ VỰNG DIỄN TẢ SỰ CHUYỂN TIẾP

Từ vựng để miêu tả các xu hướng hay dữ liệu khác nhau trong 1 đoạn văn thì sự chuyển tiếp
khá quan trọng. Dưới đây là một số từ/cụm từ chuyển tiếp mà bạn có thể sử dụng:

- Then

- Afterwards

- Following that

- Followed by

- Next

- Subsequently

- Former

- Latter

- After

- Previous

- Prior to
- Simultaneously

- During

- While

- Finally.

TỪ VỰNG KHÁC

- Stood at

- A marked increase

- Steep

- Gradual

- Hike

- Drastic

- Declivity

- Acclivity

- Prevalent

- Plummet

Các cụm từ hữu ích để mô tả các biểu đồ

- To level off

- To reach a plateau

- To hit the highest point

- To stay constant

- To flatten out

- To show some fluctuation

- To hit the lowest point

- Compared to
- Compared with

- Relative to