PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

WRITTEN TEST FOR THE POST OF LECTURER IN MATHEMATICS 2020

(SOLVED PAPER)

Time Allowed: Two Hours Maximum Marks: 100

MATH SECTION: Q.2. to Q.81.

Q.2. Let X and Y be normed spaces then the product 𝑿 × 𝒀 with norm defined by ||𝒙, 𝒚|| = ||𝒙|| + ||𝒚||,
∀ (𝒙, 𝒚) ∈ 𝑿 × 𝒀 is a

(A) Banach space

(B) Normed space

(C) Linear space

(D) All of these

(Correct option is B)
𝟒
Q.3. Let f(x)=[x], greatest integer ≤ 𝒙; be integrable function on [0,4], the ∫𝟎 [𝒙]𝒅𝒙 equals to:

(A) 3

(B) 7

(C) 6

(D) 4

(Correct option is C)
4 1 2 3 4
∫0 [𝑥]𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 [𝑥]𝑑𝑥 + ∫1 [𝑥]𝑑𝑥 +∫2 [𝑥]𝑑𝑥 +∫3 [𝑥]𝑑𝑥

1 2 3 4
= ∫0 0𝑑𝑥 + ∫1 1𝑑𝑥+∫2 2𝑑𝑥+∫3 3𝑑𝑥 = 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 = 6

Q.4. Solution of (∆𝟐 + ∆ + 𝟏)𝒖𝒙 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐 is

(A) 𝑢𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 4

(B) 𝑢𝑥 = 4𝑥 + 3

(C) 𝑢𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 4

(D) 𝑢𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 3
(Correct option is B)
𝟐𝒏𝒊 (𝟗−𝟏𝟐𝒊)𝒏+𝟐
Q.5. The sequence {𝒏+𝒊 − 𝟑𝒏+𝟏+𝟕𝒊
}:

(A) 3 + 6𝑖

(B) −3 − 6𝑖

(C) −3 + 6𝑖

(D) 3 − 6𝑖

(Correct option is C)
2𝑛𝑖 (9−12𝑖)𝑛+2
Here 𝑎𝑛 = −
𝑛+𝑖 3𝑛+1+7𝑖

2𝑛𝑖 (9 − 12𝑖)𝑛 + 2
lim 𝑎𝑛 = lim [ − ]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 𝑛+𝑖 3𝑛 + 1 + 7𝑖

2𝑛𝑖 (9 − 12𝑖)𝑛 + 2
= lim [ ] − lim [ ]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛+𝑖 𝑛→∞ 3𝑛 + 1 + 7𝑖

2𝑖 (9 − 12𝑖) + 2/𝑛
= lim [ ] − lim [ ]
𝑛→∞ 1 + 𝑖/𝑛 𝑛→∞ 3 + 1/𝑛 + 7𝑖/𝑛

2𝑖 (9 − 12𝑖)
= − = 2𝑖 − (3 − 4𝑖) = −3 + 6𝑖
1 3

Q.6 Which of the following is not an analytic method to solve partial differential equations?

(A) Change of variables

(B) Superposition principle

(C) Finite element method

(D) Integral transformation

(Correct option is C)

Q.7. Order of convergence of Newton’s method is

(A) Quadratic

(B) Cubic

(C) Fourth

(D) Undefined
(Correct option is A)

Q.8. After discretizing the partial differential equation takes which of the form?

(A) Exponential equations

(B) Trigonometric equations

(C) Logarithmic equations

(D) Algebraic Equations

(Correct option is D)

Q.9. For a function f, if 𝒇𝒙𝒙 = 𝒇𝒙𝒚 = 𝒇𝒚𝒚 = 𝟎, the point (𝒙, 𝒚) will be multiple point of order:

(A) Lower than two

(B) Two

(C) Higher

(D) Higher than Two

(Correct option is B)

Q.10. Suppose 𝑿 and 𝒀 are closed subspace of a Hilbert spaces H such that 𝑿 ⊥ 𝒀, then 𝑿 + 𝒀 is

(A) A closed subspace

(B) 𝑋 ⊥ + 𝑌 ⊥

(C) 𝑋 ⊥ + 𝑌

(D) Normed subspace

(Correct option is A)

Q.11. The function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙−𝟏 is

(A) Uniform continuous on (0,1)

(B) Continuous on (0,1)

(C) Differentiable on [0,1)

(D) Both (A) & (B)

(Correct option is A)

Q.12. 𝒍𝒏 𝒛 is discontinuous on axis

 (A) Positive real
(B) Nonpositive real
(C) Negative
(D) Nonnegative

(Correct option is C)

Q.13. Normal components of an acceleration is:

𝑣
(A)
𝜌

𝑣2
(B)
𝜌

𝜌2
(C) 𝑣

𝜌
(D) 𝑣

(Correct option is B)

Normal Component of Acceleration: The normal component of acceleration is also called the centripetal
component of acceleration or sometimes the radial component of acceleration.

Q.14. Every metric space is a:

(A) Hausdroff space

(B) 𝑇2 space

(C) Both A & B

(D) 𝑇3 space

Metric Space with metrizable topology is

1. 𝑇0 -Space

2. 𝑇1 -Space

3. 𝑇2 -Space (Hausdorff Space)

4. Regular Space

5. 𝑇3 -Space

6. Completely Regular Space

 7. 𝑇31 -Space (Tychonoff Space)
2

8. Normal Space

9. 𝑇4 -Space

So all options are correct.

Q.15. The derived set of 𝑵 is

(A) ∅

(B) 𝑅

(C) 𝑄

(D) Not exist

(Correct option is A)
𝟏
Q.16. Given (𝒂𝒏 ), 𝒏 ∈ 𝑵, where 𝒂𝒏 > 𝟎 ∀ 𝒏. If 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒍 > 𝟎 then 𝐥𝐢𝐦(𝒂𝒏 − 𝒂𝟏 )𝒏 =
𝒏→𝟎 𝒏→𝟎

(A) 𝑙 𝑛
1
(B) 𝑙
(C) 𝑙
1
(D) 𝑙𝑛

(Correct option is C)

Q.17. If ⃗𝑭 is continuously differentiable vector point function and V is a volume bounded by closed surface
S, then

∬𝑺 ⃗𝑭 × 𝒏 ⃗ 𝒅𝒗 is called :
⃗ 𝒅𝒔 = ∭𝑽 𝒅𝒊𝒗𝑭

(A) Gauss divergence theorem

(B) Surface integral

(C) Volume integral

(D) None

(Correct option is D)

⃗⃗⃗ . 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑠 = ∭ 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝐹 𝑑𝑣
Gauss Divergence Theorem: ∬𝑆 𝐹 𝑉
Q.18. ∈𝒊𝒋𝒌 ∈𝒊𝒋𝒌 is equal to

(A) 4
(B) 3
(C) 6
(D) 2

(Correct option is C)
𝟏 𝝈(𝒏)
Q.19. ∑𝒅/𝒏 = for each integer:
𝒅 𝒏

(A) 𝑛 ≥ 1

(B) 𝑛 ≥ 3

(C) 𝑛 ≥ 7

(D) None

(Correct option is A)

Sum of Positive Divisors Function: ∑𝑑/𝑛 𝑑 = 𝜎(𝑛), 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁

𝑛
∑ = 𝜎(𝑛),
𝑑/𝑛 𝑑

1
𝑛∑ = 𝜎(𝑛),
𝑑/𝑛 𝑑

1 𝜎(𝑛)
∑ =
𝑑/𝑛 𝑑 𝑛

Q.20. Let 𝑨 and 𝑩 n-square matrices such that 𝑨𝑩 = 𝑨 & 𝑩𝑨 = 𝑩, the 𝑨 & 𝑩 matrices are:

(A) Idempotent

(B) Involuntary

(C) Nilpotent

(D) None

(Correct option is A)

Consider 𝐴2 = 𝐴 𝐴

= (𝐴𝐵) 𝐴

= 𝐴 (𝐵𝐴)
 = 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴

Idempotent: 𝑴𝟐 = 𝑴 , Involuntary: 𝑴𝟐 = 𝑰, Nilpotent: 𝑴𝒏 = 𝑶

Q.21. The Cauchy-Riemann equations can be satisfied at a point z, but the function 𝒇(𝒛) = 𝒖(𝒙, 𝒚) +
𝒊𝒗(𝒙, 𝒚) can be at z:

(A) Differentiable

(B) Nondifferentiable

(C) Continuous

(D) None

(Correct option is B)

Example: 𝑓(𝑧)= √|𝑥𝑦|

Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied but the function 𝑓(𝑧) is not differentiable at 𝑧 = 0.

Q.22. Let 𝑮 and 𝑮′ be two groups, then a group homomorphism 𝒇: 𝑮 → 𝑮′ is one-one iff

(A) 𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑓 = {𝑒}

(B) 𝐼𝑚𝑓 = {𝑒}

(C) 𝑘𝑒𝑟𝑓 ≠ {𝑒}

(D) 𝐼𝑚𝑓 ≠ {𝑒}

(Correct option is A)
𝟏
Q.23. The sequence ( 𝟐) 𝒏 ∈ 𝑵 is
𝒏

(A) Convergent
(B) Cauchy
(C) Bounded
(D) Both (A) & (B)

(Correct option is D)

Q.24. Kronecker delta is a tensor of rank

(A) 3
(B) 2
(C) 1
(D) Any

(Correct option is B)
Q.25. Let 𝒂 and 𝒎 > 𝟎 be integers with 𝒂𝝋(𝒎) ≡ 𝟏 (𝒎𝒐𝒅 𝒎) provided that:

(A) 𝑎>𝑚
(B) 𝑚<𝑎
(C) (𝑎, 𝑚) = 1
(D) (𝑎, 𝑚) ≠ 1

(Correct option is C)

Euler’s Theorem: Let 𝑎 and 𝑚>0 be integers with 𝑎^(𝜑(𝑚))≡1 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑚) provided that 𝑎 and 𝑚 are coprime.

Q.26. 4 Volume of a tetrahedron is equal to

(A) Parallelepiped
(B) Cube
(C) Cuboid
(D) None of these

(Correct option is D)

Q.27. Let A be a real matrix with the rows form an orthonormal set, then A is:

(A) Normal

(B) Orthogonal

(C) Columns of A form an orthonormal set

(D) Both (A) & (B)

(Correct option is B)

Theorem: The column/rows vectors of a matrix M form an orthonormal set if and only if M is orthogonal matrix.

Q.28. The solutions 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝒙 & 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙 of the differential equation 𝒚′′ + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟎 are:

(A) Independent

(B) Dependent

(C) Wronskian of both is zero

(D) Both A and B

(Correct option is A)

Consider 𝑦 ′′ + 4𝑦 = 0

Characteristic equation is 𝑚2 + 4 = 0

So 𝑚 = 2𝑖, 𝑚 = −2𝑖
General solution is 𝑦(𝑥) = 𝑐1 𝑒 2𝑖𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑒 −2𝑖𝑥

= 𝑐1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥) + 𝑐2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)

= (𝑐1 + 𝑐2 )𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑖(𝑐1 − 𝑐2 )𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥

= 𝑐1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥

Check for independence or dependence:

𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑊=| |
2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥

= −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥 − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2𝑥 = −2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2𝑥) = −2 ≠ 0

So solution is independent.

Q.29. Let 𝑽 be an inner product space and 𝒖, 𝒗 ∈ 𝑽. Then | < 𝒖, 𝒗 > | = ||𝒖|| ||𝒗|| iff

(A) 𝑢 & 𝑣 are linearly independent

(B) 𝑢 & 𝑣 are linearly dependent
(C) 𝑢 & 𝑣 are scalar multiple of each other
(D) Both (B) and (C)

(Correct option is C)

Q.30. Let 𝑼 and V be two vector spaces such that 𝑻: 𝑽 → 𝑼 be a liner transformation such that
𝑉
(A) 𝐾𝑒𝑟(𝑇)
≅𝑈

𝑉
(B) 𝐾𝑒𝑟(𝑇)
≅𝑉

𝑈
(C) 𝐾𝑒𝑟(𝑇)
≅𝑉

𝑉
(D) 𝐾𝑒𝑟(𝑇)
≅ 𝑇(𝑈)

(Correct option is D)

Q.31. Let 𝒙, 𝒑 ∈ 𝑹, 𝒙 + 𝟏 > 𝟎, 𝒑 ≠ 𝟎, 𝟏 be such that (𝟏 + 𝒙)𝒑 > 𝟏 + 𝒑𝒙, then:

(A) 0 ≤ 𝑝 ≤ 1

(B) 0 ≤ 𝑝 < 1

(C) 0 < 𝑝 ≤ 1

(D) 0 < 𝑝 < 1

(Correct option is D)

By Binomial Theorem:

𝑝(𝑝 − 1) 2 𝑝(𝑝 − 1)(𝑝 − 2) 3

(1 + 𝑥)𝑝 = 1 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 +⋯
2! 3!

At 𝒑=𝟎

We have (1 + 𝑥)0 = 1 + 0 + 0 + 0 + ⋯

That is 1=1

So 𝑝 ≠ 0.

At 𝑝 = 1

We have (1 + 𝑥)1 = 1 + 1𝑥 + 0 + 0 + ⋯

That is 1+𝑥 = 1+𝑥

That is equality. So 𝑝 ≠ 1.

Q.32. The Diophantine equation 𝟏𝟓𝒙 + 𝟓𝟏𝒚 = 𝟏𝟒 has solution

(A) A unique

(B) More than one

(C) No

(D) Arbitrary

(Correct option is C)

Here 𝑔𝑐𝑑(15,51) = 3 does not divide 14. So equation 15𝑥 + 51𝑦 = 14 has no solution.

Q.33. Kepler's stated first law of planetary motion in:

(A) 1709

(B) 1609

(C) 1507

(D) None

(Correct option is B)

Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630)

Q.34. Rings of integers has characteristic:

(A) 1

(B) 0

(C) ∞

(D) None

(Correct option is B)

Characteristic of a Ring

The char(R) is the smallest positive number n such that

1 + 1 + 1 + ⋯ + 1(𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠) = 0

If such a number n exists, and 0 otherwise.

If a nontrivial ring R does not have any nontrivial zero divisors, then its characteristic is either 0 or prime.

Any ring of characteristic 0 is infinite.

Q.35. Every invertible diagonal matrix is a matrix

(A) Scalar
(B) Lower triangle
(C) Upper triangle
(D) Both (B) & (C)

(Correct option is D)

Q.36. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒉−𝟏 𝒛 is not defined for z equal to:

(A) 1

(B) −1

(C) ±1

(D) Complex plane

(Correct option is C)

Domain of 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑧 is {𝑧: − 1 < 𝑧 < 1}

Range of 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ−1 𝑧 is 𝑅.

Q.37. Every homogeneous system of linear equation has _________ solution.

 (A) Trivial

(B) Non trivial

(C) Parametric

(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)

Q.38. Le 𝑯 be a subgroup of a group 𝑮 such that 𝑯𝒂 ≠ 𝑯𝒃 then

(A) 𝑎𝐻 = 𝑏𝐻

(B) 𝑎𝐻 ⊆ 𝑏𝐻

(C) 𝑏𝐻 ⊆ 𝑎𝐻

(D) 𝑎𝐻 ≠ 𝑏𝐻

(Correct option is D)

Q.39. If 𝑺𝟏 , 𝑺𝟐 are subsets of 𝑽(𝑭) and 𝑳(𝑺𝟏 ) is linear span of 𝑺𝟏 , then:

(A) 𝐿(𝐿(𝑆1 )) = 𝐿(𝑆1 )

(B) 𝐿(𝑆1 ∪ 𝑆2 ) = 𝐿(𝑆1 ) +𝐿(𝑆2 )

(C) Both (A) & (B)

(D) None

(Correct option is C)

Theorem: If 𝑆1 , 𝑆2 are subsets of 𝑉(𝐹) and 𝐿(𝑆1 ) is linear span of 𝑆1 , then

(i) 𝑆1 ⊆ 𝑆2 ⇨ 𝐿(𝑆1 ) ⊆ 𝐿(𝑆2 )

(ii) 𝐿(𝐿(𝑆1 )) = 𝐿(𝑆1 )

(iii) 𝐿(𝑆1 ∪ 𝑆2 ) = 𝐿(𝑆1 ) + 𝐿(𝑆2 )

Q.40. The summation index is also called

(A) Dummy index

(B) Free index
(C) Conversion
(D) Both (A) & (B)
(Correct option is B)

Q.41. Reduced echelon form of a matrix is

(A) Unique

(B) Not Unique

(C) Pivot element is 1

(D) Both (A) & (C)

(Correct option is A)

Q.42. The number of asymptotes of an algebraic curve of nth degree

(A) Exceed n
(B) Cannot Exceed n
(C) Exactly n
(D) Both (A) & (C)

(Correct option is B)

Q.43. Let 𝑯, 𝑲 be subgroups of 𝑮, then 𝑯𝑲 is a subgroup of 𝑮 iff:

(A) 𝐻𝐾 = 𝐾𝐻

(B) 𝐻𝐾 ≠ 𝐾𝐻

(C) 𝐻 −1 = 𝐾 −1

(D) (𝐻𝐾)−1 = 𝐾 −1 𝐻 −1

(Correct option is A)

Theorem: Let 𝐻, be subgroups of 𝐺, then 𝐻𝐾 is a subgroup of 𝐺 iff 𝐻𝐾=𝐾𝐻.

Q.44. If 𝑨 and 𝑩 are two ideals of 𝑹, then 𝑨 + 𝑩 is an ideal of 𝑹 containing :

(A) 𝐴

(B) 𝐵

(C) Both A & B

(D) None

(Correct option is C)
Sum of Ideals: 𝐴 + 𝐵 = {𝑎 + 𝑏 : 𝑎 ∈ 𝐴, 𝑏 ∈ 𝐵}

Clearly 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ⊆ 𝐴 + 𝐵

Q.45. A normed space X is finitely dimensional if X is:

(A) Compact
(B) Connected
(C) Locally Compact
(D) None

(Correct option is D)

Heine-Borel Theorem: A set of real numbers is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded.

(Consequence)

The finite-dimensional Banach spaces are locally compact. The converse is also true.

Riesz's Theorem: If 𝑋 is a normed vector space, then 𝑋 is finite dimensional if and only if the closed unit ball in 𝑋 is
compact.

Q.46. The symbol 𝑨𝒊𝒋𝒌 (𝒊 = 𝒋 = 𝒌 = 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑) denoted numbers:

(A) 27

(B) 9

(C) 8

(D) 4

(Correct option is A)

Q.47. The function 𝒇(𝒛) is analytic in the domain 𝑫 and 𝒇(𝒛) = 𝒄 + 𝒊𝒗(𝒙, 𝒚) where 𝒄 is a real constant.
Then 𝒇 in 𝑫 is a:

(A) constant

(B) Nonconstant

(C) continuous

(D) None

(Correct option are A & C)

Consider 𝑓(𝑧) = 𝑐 + 𝑖𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦)

𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑐, 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦)
Cauchy-Riemann Equations

𝑢𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 and 𝑢𝑦 = −𝑣𝑥

0 = 𝑣𝑦 and 0 = −𝑣𝑥

So 𝑣(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑑

Hence 𝑓(𝑧) = 𝑐 + 𝑖𝑑 is a constant function and constant functions are also continuous.

Q.48. The center of curvature at any point P of a curve is the point which on the positive direction on the
normal at P and is at

(A) 𝑘 (Kappa)
(B) 𝜌 (Rho)
1
(C) 𝑘
1
(D) 𝜌

(Correct option is C)

Q.49. Time of flight of projectile is:

2𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
(A) −𝑔

2𝑣0 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
(B)
𝑔

𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛼𝑠𝑒𝑐𝛼
(C) 𝑔

(D) None

(Correct option is C)
2𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
Time of flight: t =
𝑔

(Total time of the whole journey)

1
𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝛼𝑠𝑒𝑐𝛼 𝑣0 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 2𝑣0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
t= =
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔

Q.50. For a function 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) in a region 𝑫 in xy-plane, the condition |𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚𝟏 ) − 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚𝟐 )| ≤ 𝑲|𝒚𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐 | is
called Lipschitz condition, provided that

(A) 𝐾 = 0

(B) 𝐾 > 0
 (C) 𝐾 < 0

(D) 𝐾 ∈ 𝑅

(Correct option is B)

Q.51. If 𝒌 integers 𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 , … , 𝒂𝒌 forms a complete residue system modulo 𝒎 then

(A) 𝑚<𝑘
(B) 𝑚≥𝑘
(C) 𝑚≤𝑘
(D) Both (B) & (C)

(Correct option is B)

For example 𝑍3 = {0,1,2}

Q.52. The function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙|𝒙| at the origin is only:

(A) Differentiable

(B) Continuous

(C) Both A & B

(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

𝑓(0 + ℎ) − 𝑓(0) −(0 + ℎ)2 − 0

𝑓 ′ (0− ) = lim = lim = lim −ℎ = 0
ℎ →0 ℎ ℎ →0 ℎ ℎ →0

𝑓(0 + ℎ) − 𝑓(0) (0 + ℎ)2 − 0

𝑓 ′ (0+ ) = lim = lim = lim ℎ = 0
ℎ →0 ℎ ℎ →0 ℎ ℎ →0

So differentiable at zero and automatically continuous.

Q.53. Every subgroup of an abelian group is

(A) Normal

(B) Cyclic

(C) Abelian

(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)

Theorem: Every subgroup of an abelian group is Normal.

Q.54. A point where a curve crosses the tangent is known as

(A) Maximum point

(B) Minimum point
(C) Point of inflection
(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

Q.55. A vector space 𝑽(𝑭), if possible, have

(A) A unique basis

(B) Two bases

(C) At least one basis

(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

Q.56. Method of factorization is also called:

(A) Method of factorization

(B) Method of triangularization
(C) Indirect Method
(D) Both (A) & (B)

(Correct option is D)

Method of Factorization other names are Method of Triangularization, and Method of Decomposition (Direct Method).

Q.57. Every infinite dimensional normed space has subspace which is

(A) Closed

(B) Not closed

(C) Connected

(D) Both (B) & (C)

(Correct option is D)

It is a well-known fact of Functional Analysis that for every infinite-dimensional normed space 𝑋:

a) 𝑋 contains a bounded sequence which has no convergent subsequences;

b) there exists a linear functional 𝑓 ∶ 𝑋 → 𝑅 that is not continuous.

Q.58. For any real matrix A such that 𝑨𝑨𝒕 = 𝑨𝒕 𝑨, we have A:

 (A) Orthogonal

(B) Normal

(C) Both A & B

(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

Orthogonal Matrix: A square matrix A is called orthogonal if 𝐴𝐴𝑡 = 𝐴𝑡 𝐴 = 𝐼.

Normal Matrix: A real square matrix A is called normal if 𝐴𝐴𝑡 = 𝐴𝑡 𝐴.

Q.59. The locus of the centers of the curvature of the curve is called its evolute and a curve is said to be an:

(A) Evolute of its involute

(B) Involute of its evolute

(C) Both A & B

(D) None

(Correct option is B)

The Involute of its Evolute: An evolute is the locus of centers of curvature evolute of a plane curve's normals. The
original curve is then said to be the involute of its evolute.

Q.60. Suppose that 𝒖𝟏 , 𝒖𝟐 are two non-zero vectors in 𝑹𝒏 then for 𝒗 ∈ 𝑹𝒏 , we have
𝑣.𝑢1 𝑣.𝑢2
(A) 𝑣 = 𝑢 𝑢1 +𝑢 𝑢2
1 .𝑢1 2 .𝑢2
𝑣.𝑢1 𝑣.𝑢
(B) 𝑣 = 𝑢
𝑢1 .𝑢1 2
+ 𝑢 .𝑢2 𝑢1
2 2
𝑣.𝑢1 𝑣.𝑢2
(C) 𝑣 = 𝑢
𝑢1 .𝑢1 1
− 𝑢 .𝑢 𝑢2
2 2
(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)
𝝅(𝟏−𝒛)
Q.61. The zeros of function 𝒇(𝒛) = 𝐬𝐢𝐧( 𝒛
) are

(A) 1

(B) -1

(C) 𝜋

(D) −𝜋

(Correct option is B)
 𝜋(1 − 1)
𝑓(1) = si n ( ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(0) = 0
1

Q.62. The interval [𝟑, 𝟓) with respect to usual topology is

(A) Open

(B) Closed

(C) Semi-open

(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

Q.63. Which one is more reliable. Simpson’s rule or trapezoidal rule?

(A) Trapezoidal rule

(B) Simpson’s rule

(C) Both (A) & (B)

(D) None

(Correct option is B)

(𝑏−𝑎)3
Trapezoidal rule |𝐸| ≤ [max|𝑓 ′′ (𝑥)|], 𝑥 ∈ [𝑎, 𝑏]
12𝑛2

(𝑏−𝑎)5
Simpson’s rule |𝐸| ≤ 180𝑛4
[max|𝑓 ′′′′ (𝑥)|], 𝑥 ∈ [𝑎, 𝑏]

Accuracy of Simpson’s rule is better.

Q.64. Let X be normed space such that norm obey the parallelogram law, then X can be made

(A) An inner product

(B) Hilbert space

(C) A linear space

(D) No conclusion

(Correct option is A)

A remarkable fact is that if the parallelogram law holds, then the norm must arise in the usual way from some inner
product.

Q.65. The greatest and least value of a function 𝒇 in the interval [𝒂, 𝒃] are 𝒇(𝒂) or 𝒇(𝒃) or given by the
values of 𝒙 for which
 (A) 𝑓(𝑥) > 0
(B) 𝑓(𝑥) < 0
(C) Both (A) & (B)
(D) 𝑓(𝑥) = 0

(Correct option is D)

The greatest and least value of a function 𝑓 in the interval [𝑎, 𝑏] occur at the end points of the interval or at the
critical points.

Q.66. The mapping 𝒘 = 𝒛𝟐 + 𝟏 is comformable at

(A) 𝑧 = −𝑖

(B) 𝑧 = 𝑖

(C) 𝑧 = ±𝑖

(D) None of these

(Correct option is C)

Q.67. The order of the continuity equation of steady two dimensional flow is

(A) 1

(B) 0

(C) 2

(D) 3

(Correct option is A)
𝜕(𝜌𝑢) 𝜕(𝜌𝑣)
The continuity equation of steady two dimensional flow is 𝜕𝑥
+ 𝜕𝑦
= 0.

Q.68. Let 𝒂 and 𝒎 be integers with 𝒂𝝋(𝒎) ≡ 𝟏(𝒎𝒐𝒅 𝒎), provided that

(A) 𝑎 > 𝑚

(B) 𝑚 < 𝑎

(C) (𝑎, 𝑚) = 1

(D) (𝑎, 𝑚) ≠ 1

(Correct option is C)

⃗ (𝒓
Q.69. Let 𝑭 ⃗ ) be a continuous vector point function defined on smooth curve C given by 𝒓 ⃗ (𝒕) then
⃗ =𝒇
⃗ × 𝒅𝒓
∫𝑪 𝑭 ⃗ is called
 (A) Line integral
(B) Surface integral
(C) Volume integral
(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)

A line integral is an integral where the function to be integrated is evaluated along a curve.

Q.70. The frequency of a simple harmonic motion is

√𝜆
(A) 2𝜋
𝜆
(B)
𝜋
𝜆
(C)
√2𝜋
𝜆
(D) √2𝜋

(Correct option is A)

Q.71. Let 𝒖𝟏 , 𝒖𝟐 , … , 𝒖𝒏 be linearly independent set of functions on 𝒙 ∈ [𝒂, 𝒃], and let each function be (𝒏 −
𝟏)-times differentiable in (𝒂, 𝒃). Then the Wronskian of the set of function is

(A) Zero

(B) Positive

(C) Negative

(D) An integer

(Correct option is A)
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 𝒙
Q.72. 𝒙
> 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 is true for

𝜋
(A) 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
𝜋
(B) 0 < 𝑥 <
2
𝜋
(C) 0 ≤ 𝑥 <
2
𝜋
(D) 0 < 𝑥 ≤
2

(Correct option is B)

Q.73. While solving partial differential equation using a variable separable method, we equate the ratio to a
constant?

(A) Can be positive or negative integer or zero

 (B) Can be positive or negative rational number or zero

(C) Must be positive integer

(D) Must be negative integer

(Correct option is A)

Q.74. A particle of mass 𝒎 moves in a circle of radius 𝒓 with constant speed 𝒗 and 𝑭 an acting force then

𝑚𝑣 2
(A) 𝐹 ∝ 𝑟
𝑚𝑣
(B) 𝐹 ∝ 𝑟
(𝑚𝑣 2 )
(C) 𝐹 ∝
√𝑟
(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)

Q.75. Let 𝑾(𝑭) be subspace of finite dimensional vector space 𝑽(𝑭) , then 𝒅𝒊𝒎(𝑽/𝑾) is

(A) dim(𝑉) − dim(𝑊)

(B) dim(𝑉) + dim(𝑊)

(C) dim(𝑉) + dim(𝑊) − dim(𝑉 ∩ 𝑊)

(D) dim(𝑉) − dim(𝑊) + 𝑑𝑖𝑚(𝑉 ∩ 𝑊)

(Correct option is A)

Q.76. If 𝑳, 𝑴 & 𝑵 three subspaces of a vector space 𝑽 such that 𝑴 ⊆ 𝑳, then:

(A) 𝐿 ∩ (𝑀 + 𝑁) = (𝐿 ∩ 𝑀) + (𝐿 ∩ 𝑁)

(B) 𝐿 ∩ (𝑀 + 𝑁) = 𝑀 + (𝐿 ∩ 𝑁)

(C) 𝐿 ∪ (𝑀 + 𝑁) = (𝐿 ∪ 𝑀) + (𝐿 ∪ 𝑁)

(D) Both A & B

(Correct option is C)

Theorem: If 𝐿, 𝑀 & 𝑁 three subspaces of a vector space 𝑉 such that 𝑀 ⊆ 𝐿, then

𝐿 ∩ (𝑀 + 𝑁) = (𝐿 ∩ 𝑀) + (𝐿 ∩ 𝑁) = 𝑀 + (𝐿 ∩ 𝑁).

Q.77. Change in sign but not in magnitude when the cyclic order is changed is possible in:

(A) Vector triple product

(B) Scalar triple product

 (C) Mixed product

(D) Both A & B

(Correct option is B)

Scalar Triple Product: 𝑎. (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐) = 𝑐. (𝑎 × 𝑏⃗) = 𝑏⃗. (𝑐 × 𝑎)

Consider 𝑎. (𝑏⃗ × 𝑐 ) = −𝑎. (𝑐 × 𝑏⃗)

= −𝑏⃗. (𝑎 × 𝑐)

= −𝑐. (𝑏⃗ × 𝑎)

̅ be its closure, then 𝑨

Q.78. Let 𝑨 be a subset of a topological space X. Let 𝑨 ̅ is equal (provide that 𝑨∗ , 𝒃(𝑨)
and 𝑨′ interior, boundary and set of accumulation points of 𝑨)

(A) 𝐴∗ ∪ 𝑏(𝐴)

(B) 𝐴 ∪ 𝐴′

(C) Both (A) and (B)

(D) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐴′

(Correct option is B)

Q.79.

Q.80. A square unitary matrix with real entries is

(A) Orthogonal

(B) Normal

(C) Both A & B

(D) None of these

(Correct option is A)

Q.81. Every triangular matrix is

(A) Diagonal
(B) Lower triangular
(C) Invertible diagonal
(D) Both (A) & (B)

(Correct option is A)
Every triangular matrix can be converted into diagonal matrix by row operation.