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!chemistry Review ANS

The document provides a chemistry review covering: 1) Types of chemical reactions including decomposition, neutralization, decarbonation, reaction of acids with metals, and reaction of water with metals. Examples of each type of reaction are given. 2) Valences and electron configurations of common elements including lithium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, potassium, oxygen, and hydrogen. 3) Rules for writing chemical formulas for salts formed from reactions between acids and metals like calcium. 4) Word equations for common acid-base reactions including reactions between zinc and hydrochloric acid, copper(II) carbonate and sulfuric acid, magnesium oxide and nitric acid, and sodium and water.

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Angel Li
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26 views3 pages

!chemistry Review ANS

The document provides a chemistry review covering: 1) Types of chemical reactions including decomposition, neutralization, decarbonation, reaction of acids with metals, and reaction of water with metals. Examples of each type of reaction are given. 2) Valences and electron configurations of common elements including lithium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, potassium, oxygen, and hydrogen. 3) Rules for writing chemical formulas for salts formed from reactions between acids and metals like calcium. 4) Word equations for common acid-base reactions including reactions between zinc and hydrochloric acid, copper(II) carbonate and sulfuric acid, magnesium oxide and nitric acid, and sodium and water.

Uploaded by

Angel Li
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemistry Review

Name: __________________
Review of Chemical Reactions

General Equation Example Word Equation

Decomposition AB  A + B Calcium carbonate  calcium oxide + carbon


dioxide

Neutralisation Acid + Base  salt + water Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide 


sodium chloride + water

Decarbonation Acid + Carbonate  salt + carbon dioxide + water Nitric acid + tin carbonate  tin nitrate +
carbon dioxide + water

Acid + Metal Acid + Metal  salt + hydrogen Sulfuric acid + zinc  zinc sulfate + hydrogen

Water + Metal Water + Metal  [metal] hydroxide + hydrogen Water + sodium  sodium hydroxide +
hydrogen

Valences

Label the valences on this periodic table

+1 +2 +3 +/- 4 -3 -2 -1

What is the symbol and valency of the following elements?


Element Symbol Electron configuration Number of valence Valency
electrons
Lithium Li 2,1 1 +1

Magnesium Mg 2,8,2 2 +2

Aluminium Al 2,8,3 3 +3

Silicon Si 2,8,4 4 +/- 4

Potassium K 2,8,8,1 1 +1

Oxygen O 2,6 6 -2

Hydrogen H 1 1 +1

RULES FOR WRITING CHEMICAL FORMULAE

Salts formed from acids

In acid reactions, salts (metal + non-metals) are formed. Some acids contain polyatomic ions, therefore the salts they
form end with ‘-ate.’ Complete the table for each acid:

Acid name Formula Name of salt when reacting with Chemical formula of calcium salt
calcium (Ca2+)
Hydrochloric HCl Calcium chloride CaCl2
acid
Sulfuric acid H2SO4 Calcium sulfate CaSO4

Nitric acid HNO3 Calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2

Phosphoric acid H3PO4 Calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2

Word equations

Complete the following word equations, using the general equations to help you predict the product.
1. zinc + hydrochloric acid  zinc chloride + hydrogen

2. copper(II) carbonate + sulfuric acid  copper(II) sulfate + water + carbon dioxide

3. magnesium oxide + nitric acid  magnesium nitrate + water

4. sodium + water  sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

heat

5. copper(II) carbonate --------------> copper (II) oxide + carbon dioxide (ignore my “correction”)

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