Supertex inc.

AN-D26
Application Note
High Voltage Isolated MOSFET Driver
Features The Supertex HT0440 is a dual, high voltage isolated driver
►► Switches up to ±400V from ground referenced logic utilizing Supertex’s proprietary HVCMOS technology. It is
►► Provides ±700V isolation between outputs designed to drive discrete MOSFETs configured as bi-di-
rectional or unidirectional switches. It can drive N-channel
►► No floating power supplies required to bias MOSFETs
MOSFETs as high side switches up to 400V. The HT0440
►► Operates isolated MOSFETs from 3.15V min., 5.5V max.
has an internal clock which generates two independent DC
logic inputs
isolated voltages to the outputs, VOUTA and VOUTB, when logic
►► 1.0mA max. input operating current per channel inputs A and B are at logic high. The internal clock can be
►► No biasing current required from high voltage rails disabled by applying an external clock signal to the CLK pin.
►► Low profile, surface-mount packaging This allows the power dissipation and AC characteristics to
►► Not recommended for applications with AC across input - be tailored to meet specific needs. The HT0440 does not re-
output quire any external power supplies. The internal supply volt-
age is supplied by either of the two logic inputs A or B when
they are at logic high.

Figure 1 622
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N-Channel High Side Switches

Driving high side N-channel MOSFETs from ground refer- provided by the HT0440. As shown in the circuit, the input to
enced logic requires a separate power supply that is 10 to the HT0440 is connected to the output of a microprocessor,
15V higher in potential than the high side rail. This is neces- thereby providing a convenient and safe interface. Another
sary to provide the gate bias to control the MOSFETs. Alter- advantage is the lower cost of an N-channel MOSFET com-
natively, a P-channel MOSFET can be used with a voltage pared to a P-channel device, especially if low ON-resistance
level translation scheme that maintains a safe 10 to 15V dif- is necessary. This two chip solution is cost effective, since
ferential between gate to source. As shown in Figure 2, an the component count is much lower than any other previ-
N-channel MOSFET can be driven from a floating gate drive ously used method.
Figure 2 VPP = 0V to +400V
1 4
A +
3.3V to 5.0V VOUTA
ISOLATION BARRIER

Logic
HIGH VOLTAGE

8
B - 3
VOUT1

VPP = 0V to +400V
2
CLK + 5
VOUTB
7
GND - 6
VOUT2

HT0440

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Supertex inc.
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 AN-D26
Totem Pole High Voltage Output
The high side, or “top-side,” switch in a totem pole configura- inputs of the HT0440. No other interfacing is required. The cir-
tion requires complicated drive and level translation schemes cuit is ideal for lower switching speed applications. An external
as mentioned earlier in this application note. A simple way of clock can be used at a lower frequency than the on-chip clock
switching an output between positive and negative voltage rails of 1MHz to reduce current input demand into the logic control
directly from 5.0V logic is to use 2 N-channel MOSFETs with a pins. In this case, Pin 2 is simply connected to the external
single HT0440. Again, the floating and isolated outputs of the clock instead of ground.
HT0440 are used to directly drive the top and bottom side N-
channel MOSFETs. The logic control inputs can be exercised Compared to previously used schemes for driving MOSFETs,
to produce break-before-make switching that eliminates poten- e.g. pulse transformers and optical isolators, this technique uti-
tial short circuiting of the positive and negative rails. This easy lizes smaller and less costly components, thereby saving board
technique enables the output to be switched between +350 space and cost.
and -350V by simply applying a +5.0V logic control to both logic

Figure 3 VPP = 0V to +350V

1 4
A +
3.3V to 5.0V VOUTA

ISOLATION BARRIER
Logic
HIGH VOLTAGE
8
B - 3

VOUT = VPP to VNN

External 2 5
CLK +
Clock
VOUTB
7 6
GND -

VNN = 0V to -350V
HT0440

Constant Resistance Analog Switch

Applications that require a constant ON-resistance over a that benefit from this technique are high-end audio, sample and
wide range of analog signals will benefit considerably from the hold, and data conversion circuits.
HT0440. Any MOSFET used in conjunction with a HT0440
will exhibit a fixed “ON” state resistance due to the constant Figure 4 shows a commonly used scheme for most Analog
value of voltage across the gate and source of the MOSFET Switch ICs that utilizes an N- and P-channel MOSFET. A major
switch (see Figure 5). This gate-source voltage differential will disadvantage of this configuration is that the ON-resistance of
remain independent of the voltage level and polarity of the ana- the analog switch changes with variations in the amplitude of
log signal through the switch. Some examples of applications the signal voltage.

Figure 4 - Conventional Approach

R
Resistance (Ω)
Switch

15V P
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-15V 0V +15V
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Figure 5 - HT0440 Solution
Resistance (Ω)
Switch

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A100113
Supertex inc.
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 AN-D26
Power Management Circuits
With outputs that are not only electrically isolated from each N-channel MOSFETS. The HT0440 structure, which has a
other but also isolated from the logic controls and the ground high degree of galvanic isolation, independently controls two
reference, the HT0440 is useful in a variety of power man- separate power circuits. These power loops need not even
agement circuits. The simple application of input logic allows have the same ground reference as the logic signals; they can
for power rails to directly switch up to 400V via high voltage be totally floating systems with their own “ground” references.

Figure 6 VN3205N8
VPP = 12V
+
VN3205N8
12V VDD = 5.0V
+
-
5.0V
- Flash
5.0V
Memory
Circuit
IC
1 4
A +
3.3V to 5.0V VOUTA
ISOLATION BARRIER

Logic
HIGH VOLTAGE

8 - 3
B

2 5
CLK +
VOUTB
7 6
GND -

HT0440

Electroluminscent Backlight Driver

The isolation feature of the HT0440 driver outputs make them be driven from a power supply, conserves power from batter-
ideal for driving Totem Pole N-channel MOSFETS between ies in portable systems. The low profile height and package
both positive and negative voltage rails. The low input logic size of the surface mounted HT0440 make it ideal for use in
current of the HT0440, together with the fact that it need not backlight systems in a portable application.

Figure 7 +100V

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JV2662

High Voltage Selector Switch

The HT0440 is compatible in voltage capability with the wide connected to the outputs of the HV20220, different levels
range of high voltage driver ICs from Supertex. Figure 8 of high voltages need to be applied to the analog switch.
shows an HV20220 Analog Switch used in a typical ultra- The HT0440 driver offers a simple and cost affective way to
sound detection system. achieve this control. In applications where high board den-
sity is required, the low power dissipation and surface mount
To exercise the required control on piezoelectric transducer packaging of the HT0440 make it an ideal solution.

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Supertex inc.
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 AN-D26
Figure 8 +150V

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-120V
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Fast Turn-off Break-Before-Make Switch

The turn-on time of a typical driver is related to the input since some switches will close before others open. Using
capacitance of the MOSFET it is driving. TON is 0.25 x 106 x the HT0440 as shown in Figure 9 will provide a solution to
(MOSFET CISS). Similarly, the turn-off time of the driver is 106 this problem and ensure that the correct switches open be-
x (MOSFET CISS). fore others close. To achieve turn-off time that is less than
turn-on time, a small depletion-mode MOSFET placed on
In this situation, tOFF is greater than tON. For a system us- the output of the HT0440 (as shown) will slow tON such that
ing multiple switches, however, there may be a problem the circuit exhibits break-before-make switching.

Figure 9 TN2540N8 TN2540N8

LND150N8
+
1 4
3.3 to 5.0V A
ISOLATION BARRIER

VOUTA
Logic
HIGH VOLTAGE

8 3
Input B -

2 + 5
CLK
VOUTB
7 6
GND -

HT0440

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 AN-D26
Automotive High Side Switches
In automotive applications requiring large MOSFETs, an The floating gate drive of the HT0440 allows direct interface of
N-Channel MOSFET with the same RON and BVDSS as a P- a 5.0V microprocessor output to an N-channel MOSFET. An
channel will be half the size of the P-channel device and, important advantage of using the HT0440 is that isolation is
cost-wise, would be a more effective solution. provided between the load, which is usually in a high transient
voltage environment, and the low voltage control circuitry.

Figure 10 12V Battery

+

ISOLATION BARRIER
1
Logic A VOUTA 4

HIGH VOLTAGE
Input 8 -
3
B

2 5
CLK +
7 VOUTB 6
GND
-
Lamp
HT0440 Solenoid

Data Acquisition Using Flying Capacitor

Present solutions for collecting and routing analog data into signals, and there is no degradation of the isolation voltage.
data acquisition systems usually use relays or opto-coupled Additionally, higher board density and a lower profile solution is
systems. Although these solutions provide the necessary isola- provided with the HT0440 in the SO-8 package. Another advan-
tion from the analog line to the control line, they have significant tage is greatly reduced power consumption. Figure 11 shows a
drawbacks. They are typically large, high profile devices that solution using the HT0440, LND150N8 (depletion-mode MOS-
draw considerable power and exhibit slow switching speeds. FETs) and TN2540N8 (enhancement mode MOSFETs) all
With the HT0440, higher speeds are achieved in routing the manufactured by Supertex in surface mount packages.

Figure 11
LND150N8 LND150N8 TN2540N8 TN2540N8

HT0440 HT0440 +
+ +
4 VOUTA 1 4 VOUTA 1
ISOLATION BARRIER
ISOLATION BARRIER

A A
Input Signal Logic - Logic
HIGH VOLTAGE
HIGH VOLTAGE

3 - 8 Input 3 8 Input Signal

with Large B B
Common Mode Processing
5 2 5 2 Circuit
Voltage + CLK CH + CLK
6 VOUTB 7 6 VOUTB 7
GND - GND
-

LND150N8 LND150N8 TN2540N8 TN2540N8

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 AN-D26
Solid State Relay
The HT0440 technology allows multiple channel drives to be mode bidirectional MOSFETs, thereby giving either normally
integrated in a monolithic IC. The 2 channel HT0440 has gal- open and normally closed “contacts.” The low profile SO-8 sur-
vanic ±400V isolation between the outputs and logic inputs, face mount HT0440 gives this solution an added advantage
and ±700V isolation between output channels. The HT0440 over the single channel high profile opto packages, and is also
driver along with the MOSFET switches is analogous to a relay. lower in cost.
The HT0440 will drive both depletion-mode and enhancement-

Figure 12
4
+
A Input
VOUTA

ISOLATION BARRIER
B Input

HIGH VOLTAGE
3
-

CLK
+
5
0V
VOUTB
GND - 6

HT0440

High and Low Side Motor Drivers

Motor drive that requires on/off as well as reverse control often tion is particularly attractive where it is only necessary to have
use P-channel, MOSFET switches in the top end of H-bridge a forward/reverse control without any critical speed control.
configurations. With the HT0440, these P-channel FETs can Shown below are 4 N-channel MOSFETS configured with a
be replaced by less expensive N-channel switches. This solu- HT0440 driver to provide a cost effective solution.

Figure 13
350V

TN2540N8

TN2540N8
M
TN2540N8
C
TN2540N8
Logic
Inputs
D
- -
VOUTA VOUTB
+ +
HIGH VOLTAGE ISOLATION BARRIER
Logic A
GND
Inputs B
HT0440

Supertex inc. does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications, and will not knowingly sell them for use in such applications unless it receives
an adequate “product liability indemnification insurance agreement.” Supertex inc. does not assume responsibility for use of devices described, and limits its liability
to the replacement of the devices determined defective due to workmanship. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions and inaccuracies. Circuitry and
specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications refer to the Supertex inc. (website: http//www.supertex.com)

©2013 Supertex inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use or reproduction is prohibited.
Supertex inc.
1235 Bordeaux Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089
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