INDEX

Sr. No Name Of The Topic Page No.

1. INTRODUCTION 2

2. AIM 3

3. COURSE OUTCOME 4

4. DIAGRAM WATER LEVEL INDICATOR 5

USING A MICROCONTROLLER
5. WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER CIRCUIT 6

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF WATER LEVEL 7

INDICATOR
7. APPLICATIONS 8

8. CONCLUSION 9

9. REFERENCE 10

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Electrical engineering in diploma
 INTRODUCTION

Water level controller, the name itself indicates that an electronic device or circuit kit used
for controlling the water level can be termed as a water level controller. It is difficult to know
the level of water in the overhead tank such that wastage of water can happen frequently. To
conserve water, avoid overflow of water in the overhead tank which may cause loss of water,
loss of electrical power, etc.,. Thus, an ultrasonic water level controller using 8051
microcontroller is an innovative electronics project application for controlling water level.

A Water Level Controller using the 8051 Microcontroller project will help in automatically
controlling the water motor by sensing the water level in a tank. This article explains how to
detect and control the water level in an overhead tank or any other container. This system
monitors the water level of the tank and automatically switches ON the motor whenever the
tank is empty.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
  Aim
 The aim of a water level indicator using a microcontroller is to accurately monitor and
display the level of water in a container or tank. This helps users to easily determine
when the water level is getting low or reaching capacity, allowing for timely refilling
or drainage. Additionally, it can provide alerts or notifications when certain pre-
defined levels are reached, enhancing convenience and efficiency in water
management systems.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
  Course outcome
 Interface the memory and I/O devices to microcontrollers.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
  Diagram water level indicator using a microcontroller

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Electrical engineering in diploma
 Water Level Controller Circuit

A water-level-controller circuit monitors the level of the overhead tank and spontaneously
switches on the water pump whenever the level goes below a specific limit. The level of the
overhead tank is indicated using 5 LEDs, and the pump is switched off when the overhead
tank gets completely filled up. The water level controller circuit does not allow the pump to
start if the water level inside the sump goes low, and switches off the pump even during the
pumping period if the water level inside the sump sinks low while the process of pumping the
water towards the overhead tank continues.
The above mentioned circuit consists of four probes arranged in an overhead tank and are
interfaced with port 2 of the microcontroller. The probes are arranged in such a way that they
sense ¼th, ½, ¾th and even full levels as they are placed with equal spacing one above the
other with the bottom positive probe. A positive voltage supply is placed at the bottom of the
overhead tank, and a full-level probe is placed in the tank and the other end is connected to
the base of the transistor Q4 through a resistor R16.
Whenever the water level rises to the maximum, then current flows through the base of the
transistor and the collector voltage becomes low and is interfaced with the port p2.4. The
programming is done in the microcontroller and sends the data to the microcontroller and
LED. D1 indicates the level of water and the motor switches off automatically whenever the
water level goes below the full-level probe, and then the base of the transistor Q2 opens by
switching it off; the collector voltage of Q2 is high at P2.4, which means the tank is not full
and the same process is applied to the remaining sensing probes ¼, ½, ¾ as they are
connected to the base of the transistors q1,q2,q3 and interfaced with the ports p2.5, p2.6, and
p2.7 while programming is done within the microcontroller. The LED D3, D4 and D5 glow
as an indication of the levels (¼, ½ and empty), and then the transistor gets on and the motor
will be on.
The ports P0.0, P0.1, P0.2, P0.3 and P0.4 are Interfaced with the LEDs for the purpose of
indicating the levels and are connected to the resistors. The port P0.5 is used to control the
pump and the transistor Q6 remains on as the relay also gets activated while the port P0.7 is
connected to the LED D7 as an indication of low level in the sump and the LED glows.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
 Working principle of water level indicator
The water level controller, which uses the 8051 microcontroller project, helps automatically
control the water motor by detecting the water level in a tank. In this article, you will learn
how to detect and control the water level in a tank or other container. This system monitors
the tank water level and automatically turns ON the Motor when the tank is empty.
The Motor is turned OFF when the top tank or tanky is full. Here the water level of the tank
is shown on the LCD screen (liquid crystal display). With this system, we can also avoid
overflowing the water. Here we are designing the circuit which is used to detect and control
the water level automatically in the overhead tank using 8051 Microcontroller.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
  Applications of water level indicator using a microcontroller
 Application
 Fuel level indicator in vehicles.
 Used in big buildings where manual monitoring is difficult.
 Used in industries to control the liquid level automatically.
 Automatic water level controllers can be used in Homes apartments, commercial
complexes.

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Electrical engineering in diploma
 Conclusion

The conclusion of a water level indicator project using a microcontroller typically involves
summarizing the project’s objectives, methodology, results, and potential improvements.
Here’s a concise conclusion:

“In conclusion, the water level indicator designed with a microcontroller effectively monitors
water levels and provides accurate feedback. The project successfully utilized sensors
interfaced with the microcontroller to detect water levels and trigger corresponding
indicators. Future enhancements could involve implementing wireless communication for
remote monitoring and adding alarms for critical water levels.”

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Electrical engineering in diploma
 Reference
https://www.google.com/search?q=water+level+indicator+&client=ms-android-xiaomi-
rvo2&sca_esv=855ccbb775c3ea59&sxsrf=ACQVn09Aa9-E9mM9ed29sedF4cLECK_qcw
%3A1711344556418&ei=rAsBZuqUGY324-
EPrYiokAs&oq=water+level+indicator+&gs_lp=EhNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1zZXJwIhZ3Y
XRlciBsZXZlbCBpbmRpY2F0b3IgMgoQABiABBiKBRhDMgUQABiABDIKEAAYgAQY
igUYQzILEAAYgAQYigUYkQIyCxAAGIAEGIoFGJECMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyB
RAAGIAESMdKUP8ZWLVGcAF4AZABAJgBnQKgAd4UqgEEMi0xMLgBA8gBAPgBA
ZgCBaACoArCAgoQABhHGNYEGLADwgIGEAAYCBgewgILEAAYgAQYigUYhgPCA
ggQABiABBiiBMICBhAAGAcYHsICDRAAGIAEGIoFGEMYsQPCAggQABiABBixA5g
DAIgGAZAGCJIHBzEuMC4yLjKgB9A4&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-serp

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Electrical engineering in diploma