BODY COMPOSITION ANALYZER

MC-780MA
Instruction Manual

Separate Version Column Mounted Version

<Usage Conditions> <Storage Conditions>

Temperature : 5°C to35°C Temperature : -10°C to50°C

Relative Humidity : 30% to80% RelativeHumidity : 10% to90% (without condensation)
(without condensation) To avoid malfunctions, avoid storing the equipment in a place with direct sunlight,
Maximum Altitude : 2,000m ASL significant temperature changes, a risk of dampness, a large amount of dust or a
Pressure : 86kPa to106kPa risk of vibration or impact, or in the vicinity of flames.

Please read this Instruction Manual carefully and keep it for future reference.
 Intended Use
GB

Tanita Body Composition Analyzers have been clinically proven to be accurate, reliable and
provide highly repeatable results. Our Analyzers are used worldwide by health, research and
medical professionals primarily in the following fields:
- medical screening and health assessments of adults and children
- monitoring the progress of weight loss during medical treatment relating to lifestyle
diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, bariatric surgery, hypertension and fatty liver
disease.
- monitoring increases of muscle mass, reduction of body fat and hydration levels as part of
a fitness or training program
- assessing the true effectiveness of nutrition and physical activity programs where body
mass index cannot identify key changes in body composition
- collating subject data for large cohort research studies

Efficacy
This product has been specifically designed to be simple to use and required no additional
user assistance to take a measurement.
Measurements can be taken in under 30 seconds for maximum convenience.

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Contents
GB

Before Use
For Your Safety 4
Part Names & Connection Procedure 8
Power Supply 10
Settings 11

How to Use
Taking a Measurement 13
Body Composition Mode 13
Measurement Results 15
Scale Mode 17
Weight Lock Mode 18
Various Criteria 19
Output and Storage of Measurement Results 24

If Necessary
Troubleshooting 26
Body Water and Extracellular Water 27
Technical Notes 28
The Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) 32
Specifications 34

3
 For Your Safety
GB
This section explains precautionary measures to be taken to avoid injury to the users of this device
and others, and to prevent damage to property. Please familiarise yourself with this information to
ensure safe operation of this equipment.
Before Use

Warning Failure to follow instructions highlighted with this mark could result in death
or severe injury.

Caution Failure to follow instructions highlighted with this mark could result in injury
or damage to property.

This mark indicates actions that are prohibited.

This mark indicates instructions that must always be followed.

Warning
This equipment must not be used on subjects with pacemakers or other
mechanical implants.
This equipment passes a weak electrical current through the body which could
interfere with and cause the malfunction of electrical medical implants, resulting
in serious harm.

Do not handle the plug with wet hands.

This may result in electric shock, fire, or leakage.

Keep this equipment away from flammable gas and oxygen-rich environments.
Prohibited

Do not modify this equipment in any way.

This can cause electric shock or injury, or affect the accuracy of analysis.

Do not use a multi-plug adapter.

This may cause fire.

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Caution

Before Use
Keep away from water.

Avoid using on subjects with metal allergies.

Allergic reactions may be caused by the stainless steel used in the electrodes of this device.

Do not jump on the equipment.

Do not lean on the equipment.

Do not use this equipment near other products that emit electromagnetic waves.

Do not insert fingers into gaps or holes.

Prohibited Do not apply force to the display.

The screen panel may break and cause injury.

Do not place items sensitive to magnetic forces near the equipment.

The magnet of the impedance meter may cause corruption of data on devices such as USB memory sticks
if these are placed near the equipment.

Assist persons with disabilities.

Another person should assist persons with disabilities who may not be able to take a measurement
alone.

Clean the scale platform with appropriate disinfectant after each use.

Stand clear of the subject during measurement to ensure accuracy.

Continually monitor both the subject and the equipment for anomalies.
If an anomaly in the subject or equipment is discovered,take appropriate action, such as stopping the
equipment, while ensuring the safety of the subject.

Use the included AC adapter.（TR30M120)

Do not lean against the equipment.

Unplug the AC cable from the equipment when moving it.

Tighten the adjustable feet when moving the equipment.

Always…
Interpretation of analysis results (e.g. evaluation of measurements and formulation of
exercise programmes based on results) must be performed by a professional.
Weight loss measures and exercise based on self-analysis could be harmful to you health. Always follow
the advice of a qualified professional.

This equipment is designated a Class B IT device (mainly for systems intended to be used in internal environ-
ments) and is CE (EMC) certified, but it may affect devices that are sensitive to electromagnetic waves.
If connecting a computer or peripheral devices to this equipment, please use devices complying with
IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1). Power must be supplied from a medical isolation transformer for
IEC60950(EN60950) devices. Keep a distance of 1.5m between units during operation. Failure to do so
may cause electric shock to subjects or malfunction.

5
GB

For Accurate Measurements

Before Use

Avoid measuring after strenuous exercise.

This may cause inaccurate measurements. Please take measurements after sufficient rest.

Avoid measuring after excessive food or fluid intake or when dehydrated.

This may cause inaccurate measurements. For greater accuracy, avoid using directly after waking
up. Use at the same time on each occasion, at least three hours after a meal.

Ensure arms are not touching sides and inner thighs are not touching each other during measurement.
If necessary, place a dry towel between arm and side and/or between thighs.

Do not take measurements while using transmitting devices, such as mobile phones, which
may affect readings.

Use the equipment under the same conditions and in the same position as much as
possible for accurate tracking of changes.
Readings are affected by the level of hydration and position of the body. Please use at the
same time of day each time, under the same conditions and in the same body position.

Avoid measuring in multiple locations with greatly differing temperatures.

This may cause inaccurate measurements. Allow the equipment to stand for at least 2 hours
before using if it is moved to a new location with a temperature difference of 20°C or more.

Make sure the soles of feet are free of excess dirt, as this may block the mild electric current.

Always hold both arms straight down when taking measurements to prevent measurement errors such
as undermeasurement of body fat.

Bare feet should be placed correctly on the electrode platform.

Place arms straight down during measurement.

Use in a stable location.

Errors in measurements may occur if the device is used in an unstable location.

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Scheduled Maintenance

Before Use
TANITA recommends that each facility conduct periodic checks of each unit.
1. Check the following at least daily:
• The unit is on a stable and level surface ie on a firm flooring, not on a thick carpet
• Date and time settings
2. Visually inspect the following at least weekly:
• The display for any damage or contamination
• All cables, cords, and connector ends for damage or contamination
• All safety-related labeling for legibility
• All accessories (sensors, electrodes, etc.) for wear or damage
3. Visually inspect the following at least monthly:
•Mounting screws on stand

Update settings, replace items, or call for service as necessary according to the results of the visual
inspections. Do not use the unit if you see any signs of damage. Equipment that has been damaged
must be checked for proper operation by qualified personnel before using again.

7
 Part Names & Connection Procedure
GB

Symbols and their Meanings

Before Use

Positive polarity Serial interface

Conformity with Medical

0123 Device Directive Direct current
93/42/EEC
Grip
Alternating current Class II Equipment

Control Unit
Type BF applied part
Input, Output
- Grips and platform

WEEE - Waste Electrical

Date of manufacture and Electronic
Equipment Directives
Caution
Refer to the attached For indoor use only
notes.

Casters (x 2)
SD card See the instructions

*The SD logo is a registered trademark

of the SD Association. Electrode x 8

Level Gauge

Adjustable feet x 4

Platform

Checking the level

* For accurate measurement, place the machine as black ring

level as possible.
* Rotate the adjustable feet in 4 positions for
adjustment so that the bubbles of the level gauge
reach the centre.
air bubble
Status when the level gauge is viewed from above

Control unit Connection of Plugs Platform Connection of Plugs

Communication
RS-232C USB A USB B SD card slot cable AC adapter

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Display and Keys

Before Use
MC-780 III Max 270kg Min 2kg e=0.1kg T = -10kg

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Setting
Age 5 - 99 0 CE

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

Meanings of the LED Indicators and Keys

Display Body Fat (percentage and mass)
Turn ON / OFF the power *Not measured value but calculated value
Display Body Muscle (percentage and mass)
*Not measured value but calculated value
Printout result
Display Body Water (percentage and mass)
*Not measured value but calculated value
Setting Set various functions Display Visceral Display Basal
Fat Rating Metabolic Rate

Standard Athletic Indicates whether "Standard mode or Athletic

Reset zero point mode" is selected as the body type.
Male Female Indicates whether "Male or Female" is selected as
the gender
Set preset value Enter the age between "5 to 99 years"
PT (Clothes weight)
Age 5 - 99

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter the height between "90.0 to 249.9 cm"

Select measurement mode Enter Confirms the entered numerical value.

9
 Power Supply
GB

Turning the main power ON/OFF

Before Use

Turning the main power ON.

Press the key to turn on the
power.

The initial screen is displayed.

Turning the main power OFF.

Press the key to turn the
power off.

Emergency Shut Down

Keep the area around the plug socket clear
during operation of the equipment in case
of an emergency.

10
Settings
GB

Before Use
1
Press the Setting key to change the
mode.

The setting screen is displayed.

Note
•The Setting key cannot be used when the scale is measuring weight or impedance.

2
Select the setting item from the list below.
Enter numerical values and Press the Enter key.
Setting item List Enter Save changes and return Setting Return without saving

No. Setting Item Default Page No. Setting Item Default Page
0 Check the software version − − 10 Height input unit 0 P.14
(0: 0.1cm increments 1: 1cm increments)
1 Date and time − P.11
11 Automatic determination time of input information 0 −
2 Number to be printed automatically 0 P.24
(0-9 second(s))
(Body composition mode) * 0: Disables this function
(0-2 sheet(s))
18 Target body fat ratio input 0 P.14
3 Number to be printed automatically 0 P.24
(0: off 1: on)
(Scale mode and Weight lock mode)
(0-2 sheet(s)) 19 Printout language 0 −

4 Select printing paper 0 −

(1: English, 2: French, 3: German, 4: Italian, 5: Spanish)
(0: Pre printed paper 1: Plain paper) 20 Adjudt printing position −
−
5 Beep sound 1 − (2：↓ , 4：← , 6：→ , 8：↑)
(0: off 1: on)
21 Timeout function of result display 0 −
6 ID number (Manual input) 0 P.13 (0: disable 1: enable)
(0: off 1: on)
30 Data output format to PC 0 P.24
7 ID number (Automatic count up) 0 P.13 (0: default format 1: BC-418 format)
(0: off 1: on)
31 Display direction 0 −
8 Measurement flow 0 P.13 (0: default 1: reversal position)
(0: Two step flow (Measure body weight first)
1: One step flow (Enter personal information first) 32 BMI desirable range 0 −
(0: 18.5 to 25 1: 18.5 to 23)
9 Body type selection (Athletic mode) 2 P.13
(0: off 1: on) 60 Reading stored measurement result − P.25

Note
Enter the year, month, day, hour and minute.
The date format is "yyyy mm dd hh:mm"

Example 6:47 pm, 24th September, 2012

"2012" "09 24" "18:47"
To enter a number with 1 digit (0 to 9), press "0" first.

11
 Settings (continued)
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Select the Measurement Mode

Before Use

Select the measurement mode by pressing the key.

The measurement mode is switched Body Composition Mode

in the following order when the
key is pressed:

MC-780 III Max 300kg Min 2kg e=0.1kg T = -10kg

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Setting
Age 5 - 99 0 CE

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

"Body Composition" Scale Mode

"Scale"

"Scale (Weight Lock Mode)" MC-780 III Max 300kg Min 2kg e=0.1kg T = -10kg

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Setting
Age 5 - 99 0 CE

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

Scale Mode (Weight Lock Mode)

The " " mark is displayed
when the scale mode is selected.

MC-780 III Max 300kg Min 2kg e=0.1kg T = -10kg

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Setting
Age 5 - 99 0 CE

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

12
Taking a Measurement
GB

Body Composition Mode ( Two step flow

Measure body weight first )

How to Use
Enter the preset tare value
(clothes weight)
Turn the power on, and check that the
" " mark is displayed.
Enter the preset tare value (clothes weight)
The tare value range is 0.0to20.0lb (0.0 to
10.0kg)

2 Measure body weight

Step onto the platform with bare feet,

after “ ” flashes.
" " is displayed when you have
entered a tare value (clothes weight).

Note
When the One step flow is selected, enter personal information first. P.11 Setting 8
If the scale does not detect a load, press to switch to "Input tare value".
If the scale detects the load, press to display the entered tare value.

3
Enter ID number
If the ID number function is set to OFF, the scale switches
directly to "Select body type" without requesting an ID
number.

The ID number range ：0 to 9999999999999999

4 Select body type

If the body type selection (Athletic mode) is set to OFF, the
scale switches directly to "Select gender" without request-
ing a body type.

The " " mark is displayed when the Athletic mode is

selected.
Athletic mode setting P.11 Setting 9
Note Athlete condition P.25

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 Taking a Measurement (continued)
GB

Body Composition Mode

5
How to Use

Select gender Male Female

6
Enter age Age

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Setting
Age 5 - 99 0 CE

Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

The age range : 5 to 99

7
Enter height Height

7 8 9

Standard Athletic
4 5 6
PT
Male Female 1 2 3

Age 5 - 99 0 CE
The height range : 90.0 to 249.9 cm
Setting
Height 90.0 - 249.9cm Enter

8
Set target body fat ratio
If the target body fat ratio function is set to OFF, the scale
switches directly to "Measuring impedance" without enter-
ing the target value.
The body fat ratio range：4 to 55 %
Note Target Body Fat P.19

9
Measuring body composition

The scale starts measuring impedance after you have <Child>

entered all of the personal information.

The segmental impedance values are measured in order.

The scale displays the measurement results after measur-

ing the whole body impedance and segmental impedance. <Adult>

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Measurement Results (Body Composition Mode)

How to Use
Output Measurement Results (Body Composition Mode)

The measurement results are displayed on the LCD after measurement is completed.
The results are output to the PC immediately after measurement is completed.

Press the key to select the measurement display.

The measurement display is switched in the following order by pressing the key.
"Fat" "Muscle" "Body Water" "Visceral fat rating" "Basal metabolic rate" "BMI"

Body Fat
Fat icon
Segmental fat %
Body weight (kg)

Body fat %
Body fat mass (kg)

Evaluation of your results

compared to average values.

Muscle
Muscle icon

Segmental Muscle Mass

Body weight (kg)

Body muscle %
Body muscle mass (kg)

Evaluation of your results

compared to average values.

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 Taking a Measurement (continued)
GB

Measurement Results (Body Composition Mode)

How to Use

Body water

Body weight (kg)

Body water %
Body water (kg)

Body water icon

Visceral fat rating

Body weight (kg)

Visceral fat rating

VFR icon

Basal metabolic rate

Body weight (kg)

BMR (kJ)
BMR (kcal)

BMR icon

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Body weight (kg)

BMI

BMI icon

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Scale Mode

How to Use
The " " icon is displayed when the scale mode is selected.

1
Enter the ID number
If the ID number function is set to OFF, the scale starts
measuring weight immediately.

Enter the ID number.

The ID number range is from 0 to 9999999999999999.

Press PT to enter tare value (clothes weight).

The tare value range is 0.0 to 10.0kg.

2
Measure body weight

Step onto the scale, after " " flashes .

" " is displayed when you have entered a tare value (clothes weight).

The "Stabilised" icon ( ) appears when the load is stable.

The "Stabilised" icon ( ) disappears when the load is unstable.

When the load is stable, the measurement results are output via the USB port
and stored on an SD card.

17
 Taking a Measurement (continued)
GB

Weight Lock Mode

How to Use

The " " icon and " " are displayed when
the weight lock mode is selected.

Enter the preset tare value (clothes weight)

The " " is displayed after the scale mode
is selected.
Enter the preset tare value (clothes weight)
The tare value range is 0.0 to 10.0kg.

Enter the ID number

If the ID number function is set to OFF, the scale starts
measuring weight immediately.

Enter the ID number.

The ID number range is from 0 to 9999999999999999.

Measure body weight

*" " is displayed when you have entered a tare value (clothes weight).

18
Various Criteria
GB

- What is body fat percentage? (Applicable age 5 to 99)

Body fat percentage is the amount of body fat as a proportion of your body weight.

How to Use
Reducing excess levels of body fat has shown to reduce the risk of certain conditions such as high blood
pressure, heart disease,diabetes and cancer. The chart below shows the healthy ranges for body fat.

Healthy Range Indicator

Your Body Composition Analyzer automatically compares your body fat percentage reading to the
Healthy Body Fat Range chart. After your body fat percentage has been calculated, the LCD on the side
of the display will light up, identifying where you fall within the Body Fat Ranges for your age and
gender.

(+) : Overfat and Obese

Overfat; above the healthy range. Increased risk for health problems.
Obese; high above the healthy body fat range.
Greatly increased risk of obesity-related health problems.

(0) : Healthy; within the healthy body fat percentage range for your age/gender.

( - ) : Underfat; below the healthy body fat range. Increased risk for health problems.

*Note : Athletes may have a lower body fat range depending on their particular sport or activity.

19
 Various Criteria (continued)
GB

- What is total body water percentage? (Applicable age 18 to 99)

Total Body Water Percentage is the total amount of fluid in a person’s body expressed as a percentage
How to Use

of their total weight.

Water plays a vital role in many of the body’s processes and is found in every cell, tissue and organ.
Maintaining a healthy total body water percentage will ensure the body functions efficiently and will
reduce the risk of developing associated health problems.
Your body water levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day and night. Your body tends to be
dehydrated after a longnight and there are differences in fluid distribution between day and night.
Eating large meals, drinking alcohol, menstruation, illness, exercising, and bathing may cause variations
in your hydration levels.
Your body water percentage reading should act as a guide and should not be used to specifically
determine your absolute recommended total body water percentage. It is important to look for long-term
changes in total body water percentage and maintain a consistent, healthy total body water percentage.
Drinking a large quantity of water in one sitting will not instantly change your water level. In fact, it will
increase your body fat reading due to the additional weight gain. Please monitor all readings over time
to track the relative change.
Every individual varies but as a guide the average total body water percentage ranges for a healthy
adult are:
Female : 45 to 60%
Male : 50 to 65%
Source : Based on Tanita's Internal Research
Note: The total body water percentage will tend to decrease as the percentage of body fat increases. A
person with a high percentage of body fat may fall below the average body water percentage. As you lose
body fat the total body water percentage should gradually move towards the typical range given above.

- What is visceral fat rating? (Applicable age 18 to 99)

This feature indicates the rating of visceral fat in your body.
Visceral fat is the fat that is in the internal abdominal cavity, surrounding the vital organs in the trunk
(abdominal) area. Research shows that even if your weight and body fat remains constant, as you get
older the distribution of fat changes and is more likely to shift to the trunk area especially post
menopause. Ensuring you, have healthy levels of visceral fat my reduce the risk of certain diseases such
as heart disease, high blood pressure, and the onset of type 2 diabetes.
The Tanita Body Composition Analyzer will provide you with a visceral fat rating from 1 to 59.
Rating from 1 to 12
Indicates you have a healthy level of visceral fat. Continue monitoring your rating to ensure that it stays
within the healthy range.
Rating from 13 to 59
Indicates you have an excess level of visceral fat. Consider making changes in your lifestyle possibly
through diet changes or increasing exercise.
Source : 1) Tanita Institute Contract Study. Algorithm Development for Estimating Visceral Fat Rating.
SB Heymsfield MD. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons 2004.
2) Wang, Z., et al. Japanese-American Differences in Visceral Adiposity and a Simplified
Estimation Method for Visceral Adipose Tissue. North American Association for the Study
of Obesity. Annual Meeting. Abstract 518-P. 2004
Note:
•Even if you have a low body fat rate, you may have a high visceral fat level.
•For medical diagnosis, consult a physician.

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- What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)? (Applicable age 18 to 99)

WHAT IS BMR?

How to Use
Your Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) is the minimum level of energy your body needs when at rest to
function effectively including your respiratory and circulatory organs, neural system, liver, kidneys, and
other organs. You burn calories when sleeping.
About 70% of calories consumed every day are used for your basal metabolism. In addition, energy is
used when doing any kind of activity however; the more vigorous the activity is the more calories are
burned. This is because skeletal muscle (which accounts for approximately 40% of your body weight)
acts as your metabolic engine and uses a large amount of energy. Your basal metabolism is greatly
affected by the quantity of muscles you have, therefor increasing your muscle mass will help increase
your basal metabolism.
By studying healthy individuals, scientists have found that as people age, their metabolic rate changes.
Basal metabolism rises as a child matures. After a peak at the age of 16 or 17, it typically starts to
decrease gradually.
Having a higher basal metabolism will increase the number of calories used and help to decrease the
amount of body fat. A low basal metabolic rate will make it harder to lose body fat and overall weight.

HOW DOES A TANITA BODY COMPOSITION ANALYZER CALCULATE BMR?

The basic way of calculating Basal Metabolic Rate BMR is a standard equation using weight and age.
Tanita has conducted in-depth research into the relationship of BMR and body composition giving a
much more accurate and personalized reading for the user based on the impedance measurement. This
method has been medically validated using indirect calorimetry (measuring the breath composition).*
* Reliability on equation for Basal Metabolic Rate: At 2002 Nutrition Week : A Scientific and Clinical Forum and Exposition Title:
International Comparison: Resting Energy Expenditure Prediction Models: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

21
 Various Criteria
GB

- What is muscle mass? (Applicable age 18 to 99)

This feature indicates the weight of muscle in your body. The muscle mass displayed includes the skeletal
How to Use

muscles, smooth muscles (such as cardiac and digestive muscles) and the water contained in these
muscles.
Muscles play an important role as they act as an engine in consuming energy. As your muscle mass
increase, your energy consumption increases helping you reduce excess body fat levels and lose weight
in a healthy way.

What is physique rating?

This feature assesses your physique according to the ratio of body fat ad muscle mass in your body.
As you become more active and reduce the amount of body fat, your physique rating will also change
accordingly. Even though your weight may not change, your muscle mass and body fat levels may be
changing making you healthier and at lower risk of certain diseases.
Each person should set their own goal of which physique they would like and follow a diet and fitness
program to meet that goal.

kg

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- What is bone mass? (Applicable age 18 to 99)

This feature indicates the amount of bone (bone mineral level, calcium or other minerals) in the body.

How to Use
Research has shown that exercise and the development of muscle tissue are related to stronger, healthier
bones. While bone structure is unlikely to make noticeable changes in a short period, it is important that
you develop and maintain healthy bones by having a balanced diet and plenty of exercise. People
worried about bone disease should consult their physician. People who suffer from osteoporosis or low
bone densities due to advanced age, young age, pregnancy,hormonal treatment or other causes, may not
get accurate estimations of their bone mass.
Below is the result of estimated bone masses of persons aged 20 to 40, who are said to have the largest
amounts of bone masses, by weight. (Source : Tanita Body Weight Science Institute)
Please use the below charts as a guide to compare your bone mass reading.

Women : Average of estimated bone mass

Weight (kg)
Less than 50 kg 50 kg to 75 kg 75 kg and up
1,95 kg 2,40 kg 2,95 kg

Men : Average of estimated bone mass

Weight (kg)
Less than 65 kg 65 kg to 95 kg 95 kg and up
2,66 kg 3,29 kg 3,69 kg

Note: Persons described below may obtain varying readings and should take the values given for
reference purposes only.
- Elderly persons
- Women during or after menopause
- People receiving hormone therapy
"Estimated bone mass" is a value estimated statistically based on its correlation with the fat-free amount
(tissues other than the fat). "Estimated bone mass" does not give a direct judgment on the hardness or
strength of the bones or the risks of bone fractures. If you have concerns over your bones, you are
recommended to consult a specialist physician.

23
 Output and Storage of Measurement Results
GB

Data Output
How to Use

Outputting measurement results via the USB or RS

The results are output to the PC immediately
after measurement is completed.
Data is output in CSV format.
•USB connector (B - Type 4 - pin female) are located
on the back of the control box.
•Please provide your own cable as necessary as none
are included.
USB cable : A - Type 4 - pin (male) - B - Type 4 - pin (male)
•You must install the necessary driver onto your PC, available download from http://www.tanita.eu

Data Storage
Data storage of measurement results
The results are saved to the SD card immedi-
ately after measurement is completed.

The icon is displayed when a valid SD card

is installed.
A new file is created on the SD card for each day.

The file is created using the measurement date and time as the file name, as shown below.
"YYYYMMDD" (year, month and date)
If "error 12" is shown in the display, this indicates that there is not enough free space left on the SD card.
You can store approximately 10,000 measurement results (weight only mode) on a 2GB SD card.
•Do not remove the SD card when it is storing or reading data.
•Do not turn off the main power when the SD card is storing or reading data.

Printing Data
Printing Measurement Results
The results are printed from the printer immediately after measurement is completed.
The number of sheets that are printed is set in .

Press the key to print additional copies.

You can print out the result if is lighted.
24
 GB

Reading stored measurement result data

How to Use
Reading stored measurement result data (→P.11 Setting 60)
Select the file that you want to load using the or key and or key and press Enter .

Displaying stored data MMDD YYYY

Date and time when the

Dara ID
displayed data was measured
HH
Year, Month and Date
Hour, Minute and Second
MI SS
Switch the display by press-
ing the key.
Body
→ Print weight (kg)

Body
Enter → Next data fat %
Preset
CE → Exit tare (kg)

General Instructions for Body Composition Measurement

Athletic Mode
•Recommended for those who are 18 years or older and meet the following conditions.
- People who carry out 12 hours or more of cardiovascular exercise a week.
- People who belong to a sport team or a sport organization with the aim of participation in
competition, etc.
- People who are professional athletes.

Target Body Fat

•A target body fat % should be set by a professional only. Tanita is not responsible for setting the
appropriate target body fat % for specific individuals.

Attention
•Posture when measuring
- Stand with both feet parallel on the electrodes.
- Stand without bending knees.
•The age input range is 5 to 99 years old.
Input age 99 for those who are 100 years or older.

Note
•Inaccurate results may be reported after excessive food/fluid intake, or after periods of intense
exercise.
•If clothes weight is input, clothes weight is subtracted from the weight measurements.

25
 Troubleshooting
GB
Please check the following before requesting repair.

Problem Solution
If Necessary

•Hold the handgrips and electrodes firmly with

fingers and palms.
•Stand barefoot on the platform for
Error with
measurement.
impedance •If the soles of the feet are dry, use the included
measurement dropper to apply about 0.5 ml of water before
measurement.
•Check the input details.

Measurement •Turn off the power and remove anything on

Error with zeroing the platform, then turn on the power and try
measuring again.

•Is the equipment placed on a vibrating

surface?
The weight value •Is the measuring platform tilted?
does not stabilize. •Is something blocking the gap in the
measuring platform?
•Remove any inserted objects.

Nothing is displayed,
even when the power •Confirm that the power is connected correctly.
is turned on.
Display
•The measured weight exceeds weighing capac-
“------” is displayed. ity.

26
Body Water and Extracellular Water
GB
Body water can be broadly classified into extracellular water and intracellular water. The
percentage of this water accounted for by extracellular water is known as the extracellular
water ratio.

If Necessary
In medical textbooks, this is defined as:
Extracellular Water (ECW): Intracellular Water (ICW) = 1:2 (i.e. an extracellular water ratio
of 33%.)
Swelling and dehydration are often diagnosed when this ratio is compromised.

But is this really correct? Can swelling or dehydration occur simply by deviating from this
ratio? Drinking water does indeed change the body’s fluid distribution, but caution is
required when determining this figure.
Just as variation exists in different people’s body composition, variation also exists in
different people’s volume of body water and extracellular water ratio.

The appropriate data can be obtained by measuring a person’s body composition. Just one
measurement however, is not enough to draw a conclusion. This figure needs to be looked
at over a period of time.
Your health can be better managed by examining this figure along with other indicators
such as weight and body fat.

27
 Technical Notes
GB

Body composition measurement by the BIA method.

Introduction
If Necessary

This equipment provides estimated values for each measured value of body fat percentage, fat mass,
fatfree mass, muscle mass and bone mass by the DXA method, estimated value for the total body water
measured value by the dilution method and estimated value for the visceral fat rating by MRI method
using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA method).
For measurement, a mode must be selected based on body type.
1) Standard (for 5 to 99 years of age)
2) Athletic (for Athletic persons who exercise considerably more than non-athlete)
Making a distinction by body type in the measurement mode produces more reliable body composition
measurements for athletic persons, whose body compositions differ from those of average persons.

- Principles of body composition measurement

BIA is a means of measuring body composition – fat mass, predicted muscle mass, etc. – by measuring
bioelectrical impedance in the body. Fat within the body allows almost no electricity to pass through, while
electricity passes rather easily through water, much of which is found in muscles. The degree of difficulty
with which electricity passes through a substance is known as the electrical resistance, and the percentage
of fat and other body constituents can be inferred from measurements of this resistance.
The Tanita Body Composition Analyzer measures body composition using a constant current source with a
high frequency current (50kHz, 90µA). The 8 electrodes are positioned so that electric current is supplied
from the electrodes on the tips of the toes of both feet, and voltage is measured on the heel of both feet. The
current flows into the upper limbs or lower limbs, depending on the body part(s) to be measured.

- What is the DXA method?

DXA was originally designed to measure bone mineral content, but in

the full-body scan mode the body fat percentage, fat mass, and fat free
mass of individual body parts (arms, legs, trunk) can also be measured.
The image below shows one example of body composition
measurement results obtained by DXA.

Body composition measurement results

obtained by DXA (Lunar Co., Ltd; DPX-L)

- What is dilution method?

In the dilution method, a labeled substance for a known amount is given and the concentration in
equilibrium diffusing evenly is measured to obtain the total amount of the solvent that dilutes the labeled
substance.
To measure the total body water (TBW), deuterium oxide (D2O) is generally used as the labeled substance.
Deuterium oxide uses the overall total body water as dilution space so the total body water can be
obtained. To obtain the extracellular fluid amount, sodium bromide (NaBr) is used as a labeled substance.
Bromine (Br) is said to not enter the inside of cells, and uses extracellular fluid as the dilution space.

28
 GB
- What is the visceral fat?

Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) has been associated with increased risk of developing lifestyle-related
diseases. Accordingly, knowing and periodically checking the estimated VAT accumulation serves as one

If Necessary
factor of a number of factors in assessing the prevention of lifestyle related diseases.

Tanita has developed the technology for measuring the VAT accumulation risk through bioelectrical
impedance analysis (BIA) in comparison with image analysis applied to magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI), in addition to the established technology for measuring the percent of body fat. The VAT
accumulation risk is calculated by estimating the VAT area by the BIA method on the basis of MRI image
processing. This method has a higher correlation than the estimation of the VAT accumulation risk based
on BMI or abdominal circumference (waist circumference), allowing estimation that corresponds more
precisely to individuals.
* The VAT area by MRI is calculated by carrying out an image processing of the cross section of the lumber
vertebra L4-L5 regions.

(Fig. 1 - Fig. 3: Research results by N. Y. Columbia University and Jikei University Published by the North
American Association for the Study of Obesity [NAASO] in 2004.)

29
 Technical Notes (continued)
GB
- Factors giving errors in measurement

In the BIA method, impedance is measured and the body composition is calculated based on the value. It is
known that impedance changes by the amount of the total body water that occupies about 60% of weight
If Necessary

and the change in its distribution and temperature change. Therefore, for the purpose of research or for
daily repeating of measurements, the measurement conditions must be kept constant. Measurement under
the changing conditions of temperature and total body water distribution or blood flow volume of
extremities due to exercising, taking a bath, etc., affects the measurement result since the electric resistance
in the body also changes.
Therefore, it is recommended to measure under the following conditions for stable measurement.
1) 3 hours have passed after getting up and normal lifestyle activities are carried out during this period.
(The impedance transits staying at a high level if you remain sitting after getting up or drive a car, etc.)
2) 3 hours or more have passed after eating. (For 2 to 3 hours after eating, the impedance has a tendency to
decrease.)
3) 12 hours or more have passed after vigorous exercise for measurement. (The tendency toward changes
in impedance is not stable depending on the type and rigorousness of the exercise.)
4) If possible urinate before taking measurement.
5) For repeated measurements, measure at the same hour as much as possible. (At the same time of
measurement of weight, the measurements can be made more stable by measuring at the same time of
the day)

Very stable measured values can be obtained by measuring under the above conditions.
And in the development of this equipment, the following 6 items were set as conditions for the regression
equation.
1) Prohibition of alcohol intake for 12 hours before measurement
2) Prohibition of excessive exercise for 12 hours before measurement.
3) Prohibition of excessive eating and drinking the day before measurement
4) Prohibition of eating and drinking for 3 hours before measurement
5) Urination just before measurement
6) Avoid measurements during menstruation (for female)

2) Inter-day changes
The diagrams below offer examples of actual measurements made
of inter-day changes. A study was done to determine the degree of
change in the impedance between the feet during dehydration; the
first two days represent a normal daily routine, while in the latter
two days a state of dehydration was induced using a sauna.

No significant inter-day change was measured in body weight,

impedance between the feet, or body fat percentage during the
normal daily routine. During the dehydrated state, however, a
drop in body weight of 1kg was noted, with the impedance
between the feet rising approximately 15Ω on the first day of
dehydration and 30 to 35Ω on the second day. As a result, body fat
percentage was up by around 1% on the first day of dehydration
and by 1.5 to 2% on the second day.
As mentioned earlier, impedance increases when body weight is
reduced (such as by dehydration), and decreases when body
weight is increased through excess consumption of food and
drink. The inter-day change in impedance is thus inversely
proportional to the change in body weight.

30
 GB
These inter-day changes stem from such causes as:
1) Temporary increases in body weight (total body water) through overeating and overdrinking
2) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during vigorous exercise
3) Dehydration due to alcohol consumption or the use of diuretics

If Necessary
4) Dehydration due to heavy sweating during saunas, etc.
Accordingly, it is recommended that instructions be provided to the subject to help eliminate these causes
when accurate measurements are needed.

31
 The Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
GB
It has long been said among medical and nutritional specialists that "The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is
more determined by the Fat Free Mass (FFM) than by the body weight" (Persons of a given body weight
with a higher FFM will have a higher BMR), and that from the aspect of evaluating the body composition,
should be estimated from the FFM. In addition, in cases of simple estimation formulae which can calculate
If Necessary

from the height, weight and age, without evaluating the body composition, there was a problem with
excessively high evaluations being given to obese persons with large body weight, and conversely
excessively small BMR evaluations given to muscular athletes, though these are not as many in number.
Currently, the BMR estimation recursion formula developed by Tanita, the manufacturer of body
composition analyzers, based on their research, works by multiple regressive analysis using this FFM, and
has a higher degree of accuracy in the individual differences in body composition. In order to derive the
BMR, resting respiratory metabolism (Resting Energy Expenditure: REE) was measured using a breath gas
analysis device, and this estimation recursion formula was created based on this data.

<Figure 1> The Relationship Between Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) According to Breath
Gas Analysis and Weight, FFM
(Presented at Nutrition Week, Held in San Diego in 2002)
As shown in Figure 1: the REE (BMR) has a stronger relationship to the FFM than to body weight, and a
difference is visible between males and females in the distribution trends. We see that in principle that we
should calculate from the FFM rather than by the old formula centred on the relationship with weight.

32
 GB
<Figure 2> Comparison of BMR Values from the TANITA Multiple regression model and
Breath Analysis
(Presented at Nutrition Week Held in San Diego in 2002)
The current BMR retrogression formula is a formula which acts on the principle of using the FFM value

If Necessary
from the results of body composition measurement according to the BIA, A good relationship is shown in
the BMR value based on actual breath analysis REE or R=0.9 (p<0.0001). These results were presented at
the First Annual Nutrition Week (American College of Nutrition, American Society for Clinical Nutrition,
American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, North American Association for the Study of
Obesity) held in 2002 in San Diego.

NOTE: This model has been calibrated for those between ages of 18 to 84. Those individuals outside of this
age range may not be obtain accurate readings.

33
 Specifications
GB
Model Number MC-780MA
MDD: CLASS IIa
Accuracy Grade
NAWI: CLASS III
Power Source 100 to 240V AC
If Necessary

Electric Current Range 18VA

Measurement System Multi-Frequency 8 Electrode
Measurement Frequency 5kHz/50kHz/250kHz
Measurement Current Up to 90µA
Impedance
Electrode Materials Feet: Stainless steel/Handgrips: plated
Measurement
Measurement Part Whole body/Right arm/Left arm/Right leg/Left leg
Measurement Range 75.0Ω to 1,500.0Ω (0.1Ωincrements)
Accuracy at First Calibration ± 2%
Measurement System Strain Gauge Load Cell
Weight Maximum Capacity 270kg (including preset tare value)
Measurement Minimum Graduation 0.1kg
Accuracy at First Calibration ± 0.2kg
Display Dual LCD screen
USB B-type connector (device)
RS-232C
Interface
USB mini-B (for PictBridge printer)
SD card*4
Usage Temperature 5˚C to 35˚C
Conditions Relative humidity 30% to 80% (without condensation)
Product Weight Pole type: 15.5kg / Separate type 11.1kg
Platform Platform size: 360mm x 360mm Height: 94mm
Product Size
Height(Column Mounted Version) 1165mm

34
 GB
Clothes Weight 0 to 10.0kg (0.1kg increments)
Serial No. Up to 16 digits
Gender Female/Male
Input
Body Type Standard/Athletic*1
items

If Necessary
Age 5 to 99 years
Height 90.0 to 249.9cm (0.1cm increments)
Target Body fat % 4 to 55%（1% increments )
ID 16 digits
Gender Female/Male
Body Type Standard/Athletic *1
Age 5 to 99 years
Height 90.0 to 249.9cm (0.1cm increments)
Clothes Weight 0kg to 10.0kg (0.1kg increments)
Weight 0kg to 270.0kg (0.1kg increments)
Fat % 1.0% to 75.0% (0.1% increments)
Fat Mass*3 (0.1kg increments)
FFM*3 (0.1kg increments)
Muscle Mass*3 (0.1kg increments)
BMI (0.1 increments)
Whole Bone Mass*2*3 (0.1kg increments)
Body Metabolic Age*2
Output Analysis Basal Metabolic Rate*2 (1kcal/1kJ increments)
items Visceral Fat Rating*2 1 to 55 (1 increments)
TBW*3 (0.1kg increments)
TBW % (0.1% increments)
ECW*2 (0.1kg increments)
ICW*2 (0.1kg increments)
ECW / TBW*2 (0.1% increments)
Muscle Mass*3 (0.1kg increments)
Muscle Mass Rating*2 -4 to +4 (1 increments)
Segmental
Fat % (0.1% increments)
Analysis
Fat Mass*3 (0.1kg increments)
Fat Rating*2 -4 to +4 (1 increments)
Body Physique Rating*2
Balance Muscle Mass Balance*2
Evaluation Leg Muscle Score*2
Others Bioelectrical data Reactance/Resistance/Phase Angle
*1 Athletic mode can be selected only for ages 18 to 99.
*2 18 to 99 years
*3 Calculated value
*4 Compatible with SD and SDHC memory cards
Note Not compatible with SDXC memory cards

35
 Disposal
This equipment is an electronic device.
Please therefore dispose of it as an electronic
This product meets the following requirements ; device instead of as general household
1. Non-Automatic Weighing Instruments (2009/23/EC) waste. Please follow regional regulations for
2. Medical Device Directive (93/42/EEC) disposal.
3. RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU)

<EU representative>

Hoogoorddreef 56-E, 1101 BE Amsterdam, The Netherlands Tel: +31-20-560-2970 Fax: +31-20-560-2988 http://www.tanita.eu

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Tel : +1-847-640-9241 Tel : +852-2834-3917
Fax: +1-847-640-9261 Fax: +852-2838-8667
http://www.tanita.com www.tanita.asia

(Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd.

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Fax: +91-22-2859-9143 Fax: +86-21-6474-7901
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© 2015 TANITA Corporation MC7807601(0)-1501FA