2/29/2024

DATA VISUALIZATION & ANALYTICS:

INFORMATIONS:
Cleaned version of info.

DATA: Set of value/ enteries which may or may not be cleaned, RAW DATA

VISUALIZATION:
Data represented in the form of charts, graphs, maps, pictures.
Visuals helps to understand the data better.

ANALYSIS:
Performing tasks such that it given data insights---> DATA DRIVEN BU

CELL & RANGE:

CELL:
Intersection of rows & columns
Rows: records or observation
Columns: fields|attributes or variables
RANGE:
Collection of Cells.

FEW PROPERTIES OF EXCEL:

1. Excel workbook can have 'N' worksheets, depending upon system's RAM
2. A worksheet is collection of :
Cells
3. A worksheet can have :
Rows: 10, 48, 576
Columns: 1500
4. Excel worksheet can store the data in onlyb 2 datatypeS:
i. text
ii. Numeric
5. Text data in excel is represented by " ".
Excel: " "
SQL : ' '
PowerBI: " "
Python: either ' ' or " "

6. A worsheet can be renamed with maximum length 31.

FORMS OF DATA IN EXCEL:

 Different forms or types of data can be stored in Excel:

i. Structured data:

ii. Unstructured data:

iii. Semi-Structured:

EXAMPLE of STRUCTURED DATA:

E-COMMERCE:

CUSTOMER
cust_id 101, 102,.. text
name john' text
phn 9988776655' text
address h.no 3, lane-1, xyz text
city noida text
pincode 201010 text
email john123@gmail.com text
dob 12/23/1978 numeric
gender m, f, o text
type_cust premium, standrad, classic text

EMPLOYEE

DATA TYPES OF STRUCTURED DATA IN EXCEL:

In excel, the data is categorised into 2 types onlyL

i. TEXT
string, char, alphanumeric, varchar, nvarch
special characters
Text data is always LEFT ALIGNED.
abc

ii. NUMERIC
int, float, decimal, boolean, bit, date, time,
long, double,….
 NUMERIC DATA IS ALWAYS RIGHT ALIGNED
123
numeric

CATEGORICAL & CONTINUOUS DATA:

CATEGORICAL DATA: Any data stored as text

CONTINUOUS DATA: Any data stored as numeric

CARDINALITY:

Number of distinct values.

CATEGORICAL: Low cardinality
CONTINUOUS: High cardinality

GENDER(1) (text) GENDER(2) text GENDER(3) numeric

male 4 bytes|32 bits m 1 byte 0 (1 bit)
female 6 bytes|48 bits f 1byte 1 (1 bit)
others 6 bytes| 48 bits o 1 byte -1 (1 bit)
Total Storage: 18 bytes | 144 bits 3 bytes | 24 bits 3 bits

1 char = 1 byte 1 byte = 8 bits

1 int = 4 bytes
1 float = 4 bytes

Topics in pre-learning videos:

1. Shortcuts
2. Datatypes
3. Formatting
number formats, conditional formats, custom format
4. Functions
a. aggregate
b. numeric
c. date & time
d. logical
e. array functions
f. lookup
g. Conditional
h. text
5. Sorting
6. Filtering
7. Summarization:
a. pivot tables
b. array functions
8. Data validations
9. Removing duplicates
10. Visualuzations
11. Dashboards
may not be cleaned, RAW DATA

s, graphs, maps, pictures.

ta insights---> DATA DRIVEN BUSINESS DECISIONS

CELL

RANGE
 Any data which is stored in the form of rows & column ,i.e. tables
Eg: Databases(Oracle, SSMS, MySQL, ….)

Data stored in the random form.

Eg: Databases such as MongoDB, NoSQL, Notepad, imgaes, videos, audios

Data that is stored in random form, but has the property to get converted into tables.
Eg: excel files, XML document

ORDERS PRODUCTS TRANSACTIONS

O_id text
order_date numeric
quantity numeric(int)
ship_date numeric
status text
priority text/numeric
cust_id text
amount numeric(float)

RETURNS HELPDESK STORES

alphanumeric, varchar, nvarchar

ecimal, boolean, bit, date, time, datetime

123
text

Sales
COMMONLY USED SHORTCUTS:

1. To add a new row or column:

CTRL + ' + '

2. To remove a row or column:

CTRL + '-'

3. To select the entire data from a table:

CTRl + A
CTRL + SHIFT + SPACE
CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT + DOWN

4. To select the entire row within a table:

CTRL + SHIFT + RIGHT

5. To selct an entire column within a table:

CTRL + SHIFT + DOWN

6. To Freeze a cell:
F4 or FN + F4

7. NUMBER FORMAT:
CTRL + 1

8. To convert a given data into an excel table

CTRL + T

9. To copy the data:

CTRL+ C

10. To paste the data:

CTRL + V

11. Paste Special options:

CTRL + ALT + v

12. To drag the formula row-wise:

CTRL + D

13. To drag the formula column-wise:

CTRL + R

CELL FREEZING:

We can freeze the formual either row wise or column wise.

Shortcut: fn+f4
 200
400 100 500 100
300

FORMATTINGS:

NUMBER FORMATING:
It uses 2 symbols:
0, #

Q: REPRESENT 10 AS 10.0

10 10.0

Q: Represent 10 as 10. only

10

Date & time formats:

Duration
Call start Call end hours minutes seconds days
9:35 AM 11:47 AM 02 132 7920 30

formattings for the date & time:

Date:
d: day part single digit( 1, 2, 9, 10, 23….)
dd: day part double digit ( 01, 02, 09, 10, 23,…
ddd: Dayname in short (Mon, Sat,…)
dddd: Dayname in full(Monday, Saturday,…)

m: month number single digit (1, 9, 11,….)

mm: month number double digit ( 01, 09, 11,…
mmm: month name in short (jan, jun,…)
mmmm: month name in full (january, june,…)

y or yy: year without centuary, (99, 34)

yyy or yyyy: year with centuary , (1934,….)

Time:
h or hh, [m] or [mm] or [s] or [ss]
if minutes needs to be used with hours, then:----> hh: m
if minutes needs to be used alone---> [mm]

Q: Consider any random date and convert it into:

day-monthname-year with centuary.
 2/29/2024 29/February/2024

Q: Consider the above date & display it as:

dayname - day monthame, year with centuary

2/29/2024 Thursday / 29 February, 2024

date1 date2 days years months

11/1/2023 2/23/2024 114 0.31211499 3.8

**When 2 dates are substracted, we get a numeric value that reprsenetd no. of days

Epoch date of excel---> 01 jan 1900

7654 7.7 K 7.7 K

8976543 9.0 M 9.0 M
ctrl + 1 onnetire 2 numbers----> [>= 1000000] 0.0,, "M"
thousand divisor---> ,
millionth divisor---> ,,
billionth divisor---> ,,,

7654 7.7 K 7.7 K

8976543 9.0 M 9.0 M
9123456987 9.1 B 9.1 B
ctrl +1 on entire 3 values---> [ >= 1000000000] 0.0,,, "B"

123 123
7654 7.7 K
8976543 9.0 M
9123456987 9.1 B
 100
100 100
100

ingle digit( 1, 2, 9, 10, 23….)

double digit ( 01, 02, 09, 10, 23,…)
in short (Mon, Sat,…)
in full(Monday, Saturday,…)

mber single digit (1, 9, 11,….)

mber double digit ( 01, 09, 11,…)
me in short (jan, jun,…)
me in full (january, june,…)

out centuary, (99, 34)

centuary , (1934,….)

used with hours, then:----> hh: mm

used alone---> [mm]
bers----> [>= 1000000] 0.0,, "M" ; 0.0, "K"

es---> [ >= 1000000000] 0.0,,, "B" ; [>= 1000000] 0.0,, "M" ; 0.0, "K"