SILIM, RANIEL C.

YBRT 1-1

MUSCLE OF THE FACE

• Muscles for Facial Expression

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Frontalis Galea Aponeurotica Skin of Eyebrows, Raises eyebrows,
Muscles of Forehead wrinkles forehead
Zygomaticus Major Zygomatic Bone Skin and Muscles, Elevates corners of the
Around Mouth mouth, smiling
Zygomaticus Minor Zygomatic Bone Upper Lip Elevates upper lip,
assists in smiling
Levator Labii Superioris Maxilla, Zygomatic Bone Skin of Upper Lip, Elevates upper lip,
Muscles around Nose raises angle of mouth
Depressor Labii Mandible Skin of Lower Lip, Depresses lower lip,
Inferioris Muscles around Chin lowers the angle of
mouth
Depressor Anguli Oris Mandible Angle of Mouth, Muscle Depresses corners of
around Chin the mouth, frowning
Buccinator Alveolar Processes, Orbicularis Oris, Compresses cheek, aids
Pterygomandibular Muscles around the in mastication, assists in
Mouth blowing air out of the
mouth
Orbicularis Oris Maxilla, Mandible, Skin and Muscles Closes and protrudes
Muscle fibers Around Mouth lips, shapes lips during
speech and whistling
Risorius Fascia of Masseter Angle of Mouth Draws corner of mouth
Muscle laterally, assists in
smiling
Mentalis Mandible Skin of Chin Elevates and protrudes
lower lip, wrinkles chin
Platysma Fascia of Chest, Deltoid, Inferior Margin of Depresses mandible,
Pectoral, Fascia Mandible, Skin of Lower draws corners of the
Face, and Neck mouth downward,
tenses skin of the neck
 • Muscles for Eye Movement

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Levator Palpebrae Lesser Wing of Skin of Upper Eyelid, Elevates Upper Eyelid,
Superioris Sphenoid, Superior Superior Tarsal Plate Opens the Eye
Rectus Muscle
Superior Rectus Common Tendinous Superior Aspect of Elevates, adducts, and
Ring, Medial Walla of Eyeball medially rotates the
Orbit eyeball
Inferior Rectus Common Tendinous Inferior Aspect of Depresses, adducts, and
Ring, Medial Walla of Eyeball laterally rotates the
Orbit eyeball
Medial Rectus Common Tendinous Medial Aspect of Abducts the eyeball,
Ring, Medial Walla of Eyeball medially rotates the
Orbit eyeball
Lateral Rectus Common Tendinous Lateral Aspect of Eyeball Elevates, adducts, and
Ring, Medial Walla of laterally rotates the
Orbit eyeball
Superior Oblique Body of Sphenoid, Near Superior aspect of Depresses, adducts, and
the Medial Wall of Eyeball medially rotates the
Orbit, Trochlea eyeball
Inferior Oblique Floor of Orbit, Near the Inferior aspect of Elevates, adducts, and
Medial wall of Orbit, Eyeball laterally rotates the
Maxillary Bone eyeball

MUSCLE OF THE NECK

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Scalene Muscles Transverse Processes of First two Ribs (Scalene Elevates the first and
Cervical Vertebrae Anterior), Transverse second ribs during deep
(Anterior, Middle, processes of cervical inhalation, flex and
Posterior Scalenes) vertebrae (scalene laterally flex the neck,
medius and scalene aid in respiration
posterior)
Sternocleidomastoid Manubrium of Sternum, Mastoid process of Flexes neck, rotates
Medial Portion of Temporal Bone, head, aids in deep
Clavicle Superior Nuchal Line inhalation during forced
breathing
Infrahyoid Muscles Hyoid Bones, Thyroid Sternum, Scapula, Depress the hyoid bone
Cartilage, Tracheal Clavicle and larynx during
Rings, Scapula (scm swallowing, speaking,
thyrohyoid) and singing
Longus Capitis Transverse processes of Basilar part of Occipital Flexes head, bends it
Cervical Vertebrae Bone anteriorly towards chest
Digastric Muscles Anterior Belly: Hyoid Bone (via Elevates hyoid bone and
Mandible near midline, intermediate tendon), depresses mandible
 Posterior Belly: mastoid Digastric Fossa of during swallowing and
process of the temporal Mandible speaking
bone
Erector Spinae Muscles Sacrum, Iliac Crest, Spinous processes of Extends vertebral
Vertebrae Vertebrae column, aids in posture,
lateral flexion, and
rotation of the spine
Levator Scapulae Transverse Processes of Superior Part of Medial Elevates scapula,
Cervical Vertebrae Border of Scapula rotates it downward to
(C1-C4) assist in shrugging
shoulders
Longus Colli Muscle Bodies of Cervical Bodies of Cervical Flexes neck, bends it
Vertebrae (C3-T3) Vertebrae (C3-T3) anteriorly toward chest,
stabilizes cervical spine
Omohyoid Superior Border of Hyoid bone (via Depresses hyoid bone,
Scapula (superior belly), intermediate tendon) fixes it during
Lateral Border of swallowing and
Scapula (inferior belly) speaking
Thyrohyoid Thyroid Cartilage Hyoid Bone Depresses hyoid bone,
elevates larynx during
swallowing and
speaking
Trapezius External Occipital Clavicle, Acrominion Elevates, depresses, and
Protuberance, Process, Spine of retracts scapula,
Ligamentum Nuchae, Scapula extends neck, aids in
Spinous Processes of shrugging shoulders
C7-T12
Epicranial Aponeurosis Occipital Bone, Frontal Skin and Muscles of Connective tissue sheet
Bone Forehead that covers the superior
aspect of the skull;
serves as a site for
muscle attachment
Genioglossus Mandible Hyoid Bone, Tongue Protrudes and
depresses tongue,
assists in speech and
swallowing
MUSCLE OF THE ROTATOR CUFF

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa of Greater tubercle of Initiates abduction of
scapula humerus the arm, stabilizes the
shoulder joint
Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa of Greater tubercle of Lateral rotation of the
scapula humerus arm at the shoulder
joint, helps stabilize the
shoulder joint
Teres Minor Lateral border of Greater tubercle of Lateral rotation of the
scapula humerus arm at the shoulder
joint, helps stabilize the
shoulder joint
Subscapularis Subscapular fossa of Greater tubercle of Medial rotation of the
scapula humerus arm at the shoulder
joint, helps stabilize the
shoulder joint.

HAMSTRING

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity of the Pes anserinus (tibia), via Flexion of the knee
pelvis common hamstring joint, extension of the
Tendon hip joint, medial
rotation of the hip joint
(when knee flexed)
Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity of the Posterior aspect of Flexion of the knee
pelvis medial condyle of tibia joint, extension of the
hip joint, medial
rotation of the hip joint
(when knee flexed)
Biceps Femoris Long head: Ischial Head of the fibula, Flexion of the knee
tuberosity of the pelvis, lateral condyle of tibia joint, extension of the
Short head: Linea hip joint, lateral rotation
aspera of femur of the hip joint (when
knee flexed)
GLUTEAL MUSCLES

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Gluteus Maximus Posterior Ilium, Sacrum, Gluteal Tuberosity of Extension of the thigh
Coccyx, Thoracolumbar Femur, Iliotibial Tract at the hip joint, lateral
Fascia rotation and abduction
of the thigh
Gluteus Medius Lateral surface of ilium Greater trochanter of Abduction, medial
below the crest femur rotation, and flexion of
the thigh
Gluteus Minimus Lateral surface of ilium Greater trochanter of Abduction, medial
between the anterior femur rotation, and flexion of
the thigh

QUADRICEPS

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Rectus Femoris Anterior inferior iliac Quadriceps tendon to Extension of the knee
spine, acetabulum and patella, patellar joint, flexion of the hip
capsule of hip joint ligament, tibial joint, stabilization of the
tuberosity via patellar knee joint
ligament
Vastus Lateralis Greater trochanter of Quadriceps tendon to Extension of the knee
femur, linea aspera of patella, tibial tuberosity joint, stabilization of the
femur, lateral knee joint
intermuscular septum,
and gluteal tuberosity
Vastus Intermedius Anterior and lateral Quadriceps tendon to Extension of the knee
surfaces of femur, and patella, tibial tuberosity joint, stabilization of the
linea aspera knee joint
Vastus Medialis Intertrochanteric line, Quadriceps tendon to Extension of the knee
linea aspera, medial patella, tibial tuberosity joint, stabilization of the
supracondylar line of knee joint
Femur
MUSCLES FOR BREATHING (INHALATION & EXHALATION)

MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION MOA/FUNCTION

Diaphragm Inferior border of rib Central Tendon Contracts and flattens
cage, lumbar vertebrae to increase volume of
thoracic cavity during
inhalation, relaxes to
decrease volume during
exhalation
External Intercostal Inferior border of Inferior border of Elevates ribs and
Muscles superior rib, superior superior rib, superior expands thoracic cavity
border of inferior rib border of inferior rib during inhalation
Internal Intercostal Superior border of Inferior border of Depresses ribs and
Muscles inferior rib, inferior superior rib, superior decreases thoracic
border of superior rib border of inferior rib cavity volume during
forced exhalation
Abdominal Muscles Various origins including Xiphoid process, linea Compresses abdominal
(Rectus Abdominis, ribs, lumbar vertebrae, alba, pubic crest contents and increases
External and Internal pelvis intra-abdominal
Oblique, Transversus pressure during forced
Abdominis) exhalation; can also
assist in forced
inhalation by stabilizing
the thoracic and
abdominal cavities