MOINA Table

YGOS OT-1A
HFN Muscles:
I. Muscles of the Eyeballs and Eyelids
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Superior Rectus Tendinous ring on posterior Superior surface of eyeball Oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial Rolls eyeball upward
wall of orbital cavity (ring nerve)
attaches to optic foramen)
Inferior Rectus Tendinous ring on posterior Inferior surface of eyeball Oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial Rolls eyeball downward
wall of orbital cavity (ring nerve)
attaches to optic foramen)
Lateral Rectus Tendinous ring on posterior Lateral surface of eyeball Abducent nerve (6th cranial Rolls eyeball laterally
wall of orbital cavity (ring nerve)
attaches to optic foramen)
Medial Rectus Tendinous ring on posterior Medial surface of eyeball Oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial Rolls eyeball medially
wall of orbital cavity (ring nerve)
attaches to optic foramen)
Inferior Oblique Floor of Orbital cavity Lateral surface of eyeball deep Oculomotor nerve (3rd cranial
to lateral rectus nerve) Rotates eyeball on axis
Superior Oblique Sphenoid Bone; Posterior wall Superior surface of eyeball Trochlear nerve (4th cranial
of orbital cavity between superior rectus and nerve)
lateral rectus
Levator Palpabrae Superioris Back of orbital cavity Skin of upper eyelids; Anterior Striated muscle oculomotor Opens eyes; Raises eyelid
surface and upper margin of nerve, smooth muscle
superior tarsal plate sympathetic
Orbicularis Oculi: Palpebral Part: Medial Palpebral Part: Lateral Palpebral Part: Closes eyelids
Palpebral Part Palpebral ligament palpebral raphe Facial Nerve and dilates lacrimal sac
Orbital Part Orbital Part: Medial Palpebral Orbital Part: loops return to Orbital Part: Throws skin
ligament and adjoining bone origin around orbit into folds to
protect eyeball
II. Muscle of the Head
a. Muscle of Scalp
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Occipitofrontalis, Frontal belly Skin and superficial fascia of Furrowing Brow; elevate
eyebrows Epicranial aponeurosis Facial nerve eyebrow; wrinkles skin of
forehead
Occipitofrontalis, Occipital Belly Highest nuchal line of occipital Unfurrowing Brow; Draw
bone scalp backward
b. Muscle of Facial Expression
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Corrugator Supercilii Superciliary Arch Skin underneath eyebrow Facial Nerve Lowering eye brows; Vertical
wrinkles of forehead; frowning
Nasalis Maxilla Nasal Bone Facial Nerve Widens Nostrils; Flaring
nostrils
Levator Labii Superioris Underneath skin at corners of Elevates upper lip
Arise from bones and fascia the mouth; Orbicularis Oris
Depressor Labii Inferioris around oral aperture and insert Underneath skin of lower lip Draws lower lip downward
Depressor Angulus Oris into substance of lips; Underneath skin at corners of Opening mouth and sliding
Mandible, Maxilla, or mouth lower jaw left and right
Zygomaticus Major Zygomatic bone Underneath skin at corners of Pulls angle of mouth up and
the mouth (dimple area); down when laughing; smiling
Orbicularis Oris Facial Nerve
Risorius Underneath skin at corners of Draws angle of mouth
the mouth laterally; Pursing of lips by
straightening them laterally;
smiling muscle
Mentalis Underneath skin of chin Elevates and protrudes lower
lip and skin of the chin; e.g.,
pouting of lips
Orbicularis Oris Maxilla, Mandible, and skin; Underneath skin at corners of Facial nerve Shaping of lips (as during
Tissue surrounding lips the mouth; encircles oral speech); closes lips
orifice
Buccinator Maxilla, Mandible; Orbicularis Oris Facial nerve Lateral movement of cheeks
pterygomandibular ligament (e.g., sucking on a straw; also
used to compress air in mouth
while blowing); compresses
cheeks and lips against teeth
 c. Muscle of Mastication
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Masseter Maxilla arch; zygomatic arch Mandible Mandibular division of Closes mouth; aids chewing;
trigeminal nerve elevates mandible
Temporalis Temporal bone; Floor of Mandible Mandibular division of Closes mouth; Raises
temporal fossa trigeminal nerve mandible; draws mandible
backward
Lateral Pterygoid Greater wing of sphenoid and Mandible and articular disc Mandibular division of Opens mouth; moves lower
lateral pterygoid plate trigeminal nerve jaw side-to-side; bring jaw
forward
Medial Pterygoid Tuberosity of maxilla and Mandible; Mandibular division of Closes mouth; moves lower
lateral pterygoid plate Temporomandibular joint trigeminal nerve jaw side-to-side; raises
mandible
d. Tongue
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Genioglossus Superior genial spine of Blends with other muscles of Hypoglossal nerve Draws tongue to one side;
Mandible the tongue depresses midline of tongue or
protrudes tongue
Styloglossus Temporal bone (Styloid Blends with other muscles of Hypoglossal nerve Draws tongue upward and
process) the tongue posteriorly
Hyoglossus Body and greater cornu of Blends with other muscles of Hypoglossal nerve Depresses tongue
Hyoid Bone the tongue
Palatoglossus Palatine aponeurosis Side of Tongue Pharyngeal plexus Elevates root of tongue; closes
oral cavity from pharynx
III. Neck Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Platysma Deep facia over pectoralis Body of Mandible and angle of Facial nerve, cervical branch Depresses mandible and angle
major and deltoid mouth of mouth
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) Manubrium sterni and medial Temporal bone (mastoid Accessory nerve and Spinal Flexes vertebral column;
third of clavicle process); Occipital Bone nerve C2-C3 extends & rotates head
Digastric: Posterior Belly: Temporal Posterior belly; Facial nerve Depresses mandible or
Posterior Belly bone (Mastoid Process) Intermediate tendon is held to Anterior belly mylohyoid elevates hyoid bone; raises the
Anterior Belly hyoid by fascial sling nerve larynx, allowing the epiglottis
 Anterior Belly: Body of to cover the glottis during
mandible swallowing
Stylohyoid Styloid process Hyoid bone Facial nerve Elevates the hyoid bone in a
way that elongates the oral
cavity during swallowing
Mylohyoid Mylohyoid line of body of Hyoid bone; Fibrous raphe Inferior alveolar nerve Elevates hyoid bone in a way
mandible that presses tongue against the
roof of the mouth, pushing
food back into the pharynx
during swallowing; depresses
mandible
Geniohyoid Inferior mental spine of Hyoid bone Spinal nerve C1 via Raises and moves hyoid bone
mandible Hypoglossal nerve forward, widening pharynx
during swallowing; depresses
mandible
Omohyoid Inferior Belly: Upper margin Intermediate tendon is held to Ansa Cervicalis; C1, C2, and Depresses hyoid bone and
Inferior Belly of scapula and suprascapular clavicle and 1st rib by fascial C3 moves it down during later
Superior Belly ligament sling phases of swallowing
Superior Belly: lower border
of body of hyoid bone
Sternohyoid Manubrium sterni and Clavicle Hyoid bone Ansa Cervicalis; C1, C2, and Depresses the hyoid bone
C3 during swallowing and
speaking
Thyrohyoid Oblique line on lamina of Lower border of body of hyoid Spinal nerve C1 via Depresses hyoid bone or
thyroid cartilage bone Hypoglossal nerve elevates larynx, allowing
production of high-pitch
vocalizations
Sternothyroid Sternum Oblique line on lamina of Ansa Cervicalis; C1, C2, and Depresses larynx, thyroid
thyroid cartilage C3 cartilage, and hyoid bone to
create different vocal tones
Scalenus anterior Transverse processes of 3rd, 1st rib C4, C5, and C6 Elevates 1st rib; laterally flexes
4th, 5th, and 6th cervical and rotates cervical part of
vertebrae vertebral column
Scalenus Medius Transverse processes of upper 1st rib Anterior rami of cervical Elevates 1st rib; laterally flexes
six cervical vertebrae nerves and rotates cervical part of
vertebral column
Scalenus posterior Transverse processes of lower 2nd rib Anterior rami of cervical Elevates 2nd rib; laterally
cervical vertebrae nerves flexes and rotates cervical part
of vertebral column
Thoracic Cavity & Abdomen:
I. Muscles of Thorax
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
st
External Intercostal Muscle (11) Inferior border of Rib Superior border of rib below Intercostal nerves With 1 rib fixed, they raise
(Fibers pass downward and ribs during inspiration and thus
forward) increase anteroposterior and
transverse diameters of thorax
Internal Intercostal Muscle (11) Inferior border of Rib Superior border of rib below Intercostal nerves With last rib fixed by
(Fibers pass downward and abdominal muscles, they lower
backward) ribs during expiration
Innermost Intercostal Muscle Adjacent ribs Adjacent ribs Intercostal nerves Assists external and internal
(Incomplete layer) intercostal muscle
Diaphragm (most important Xiphoid process; lower six Central Tendon Phrenic nerve Very important muscle of
muscle of respiration) costal cartilages, first 3 lumbar inspiration; increases vertical
vertebrae diameter of thorax by pulling
central tendon downward;
assists in raising lower ribs
Levatores Costarum (12) Tip of transverse process of C7 Rib below Posterior rami of thoracic Raises ribs and therefore
and T1-T11 vertebrae spinal nerves inspiratory muscles
Serratus Posterior Superior Lower cervical and upper Upper ribs Intercostal nerves Raises ribs and therefore
thoracic spines inspiratory muscles
Serratus Posterior Inferior Upper lumbar and lower Lower ribs Intercostal nerves Depresses ribs and therefore
thoracic spines expiratory muscles
II. Muscles of Abdomen
a. Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
External Oblique Lower 8 ribs Xiphoid process. Linea alba, Lower 6 thoracic nerves and Supports abdominal contents;
Pubic Crest, Pubic tubercle, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal compresses abdominal
iliac crest; nerves (L1) contents; assists in forced
expiration, micturition,
defecation, parturition, and
vomiting
Internal Oblique Lumbar fascia, iliac crest, Lower 3 ribs and costal Lower 6 thoracic nerves and As above
lateral two thirds of inguinal cartilages, xiphoid process, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal
ligament Linea alba, Symphysis Pubis nerves (L1)
Transversus Lower 6 costal cartilages, Xiphoid Process, Linea alba, Lower 6 thoracic nerves and Compresses abdominal
lumbar fascia, iliac crest, Symphysis Pubis iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal contents
lateral third of inguinal nerves (L1)
ligament
Rectus Abdominis Symphysis Pubis and Pubic 5th, 6th, and 7th costal cartilages Lower 6 thoracic nerves Compresses abdominal
crest and Xiphoid process contents and flexes vertebral
column; accessory muscle of
expiration
Pyramidalis (if present) Anterior surface of Pubis Linea alba 12th thoracic nerves Tenses the Linea alba
b. Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Psoas Transverse processes, bodies, With Iliacus into lesser Lumbar plexus Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh
and intervertebral discs of 12th trochanter of femur is fixed, it flexes trunk in
thoracic and five lumbar thigh, as in sitting up from
vertebrae lying position
Quadratus Lumborum Iliolumbar ligament, Iliac 12th rib Lumbar plexus; T12, L1 Fix 12th rib during inspiration;
crest, tips of Transverse laterally flexes vertebral
processes of lower lumbar column same side; flexes trunk
vertebrae laterally
Iliacus Iliac Fossa With Psoas into lesser Femoral nerve Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh
trochanter of femur is fixed, it flexes the trunk on
the thigh, as in sitting up from
lying position

III. Back Muscles

 a. Superficial Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Trapezius Occipital bone, ligamentum Lateral third of clavicle; Spinal part of accessory nerve Both elevates (upper fibers)
nuchae, spine of C7, spines of Acromion and spine (motor) and C3 and C4 and depresses (lower fibers)
all thoracic vertebrae (sensory) shoulder; retracts scapula; also
extends head
Latissimus Dorsi Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, Floor of bicipital groove of Thoracodorsal nerve Adducts, extends, and
spines of lower six thoracic humerus medially rotates arm
vertebrae, lower three or four
ribs, and inferior angle of
scapula
Levator Scapulae Transverse processes Medial border of Scapula C3 and C4 and dorsal scapular Elevates and adducts scapula;
of C1 – C4 nerve Raises medial border of
scapula
Rhomboid Minor Ligamentum nuchae and Medial border of Scapula Dorsal scapular nerve Elevates and adducts scapula;
spines of C7 and T1 Raises medial border of
scapula upward and
medially
Rhomboid Major Spines of T2 – T5 Medial border of Scapula Dorsal scapular nerve Elevates and adducts scapula;
Raises medial border of
scapula upward and
medially
b. Intermediate Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Levatores Costarum Vertebrae – transverse Ribs – inferior to origin Dorsal rami of thoracic spinal Raises ribs in inspiration
processes of C7, T1 – T11 nerves
Serratus Posterior Superior Vertebrae – Spines of upper of Ribs Intercostal nerves Raises ribs in inspiration
lumbar and lower thoracic
vertebrae
Serratus Posterior Inferior Vertebrae – Spines of upper Ribs Intercostal nerves Lower ribs in expiration
lumbar and lower thoracic
vertebrae
c. Deep Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Splenius Spines of T1-T4 Check Muscle of Spine: Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves Extends neck and head (rotate
Capitis and Cervicis unilateral action)
Erector Spinae
a. Iliocostalis Ilium and ribs Ribs and transverse processes
b. Longissimus Transverse processes of Transverse processes of the Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves Extend trunk and vertebral
vertebrae vertebrae column
c. Spinalis Spinous processes Spinous processes
Transverso-spinalis
a. Semispinalis Spine of vertebrae to origin;
Transverse processes of extends to 5 or 6 vertebrae All extend trunk in bilateral
b. Multifidus vertebrae Spine of vertebrae to origin; Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves action and rotate vertebral
extends to 3 or 4 vertebrae column in unilateral
c. Rotatores Spine of vertebrae to origin;
extends to 1 or 2 vertebrae
IV. Muscles of Spinal Column
a. Cervical Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
SCM Base from Neck muscles
Scalenus (Anterior, Medius, Base from Neck muscles
Posterior)
Spinalis Cervicis Spinous process of C7 Spinous process of C2 and C3 Middle/lower cervical Extends & rotates head
(Sometimes T1 to T2) and – C4
ligamentum Nuchae
Spinalis Capitis Blends with semispinalis With semispinalis capitis Middle/lower cervical Extends & rotates head
capitis
Semispinalis Cervicis Transverse processes of T1 to Spinous processes of C2 to C5 Middle/lower cervical Extends & rotates vertebral
T6, articular processes of the column
4th to 7th cervical vertebrae
Semispinalis Capitis C5-C8; T1-T6 Occiput between the superior Posterior Rami of middle Rotates head & pulls backward
and inferior nuchal line cervical and thoracic nerve; C1
– C5
Splenius Cervicis Spinous processes of T3 to T6 Transverse processes of C1 to Middle/lower cervical Extends vertebral column
C3
Splenius Capitis Lower half of ligamentum Superior nuchal line, Mastoid Dorsal ramus of spinal nerves Extension of the head and
nuchae (C4-C6) and spinous process of temporal bone, and C3-C6 cervical spine; Lateral flexion
process of C7-T3 rough surface adjoining of the head and neck and
occipital bone rotation the head to the same
side; assists in supporting the
head in the erect position
Longus Colli Cervicis Anterior tubercles and anterior Anterior tubercles of C5-6 C2 – C7 Flexes cervical vertebrae
surfaces of bodies of C3 to T3
Longus Capitis Anterior tubercles of Inferior surfaces of the basilar C1 – C3 Flexes head
transverse processes of C3–C6 portion of the occipital bone
Rectus Capitis Anterior Anterior surface of C1 The inferior surface of the C2, C3 Flexes head
occipital bone anterior to the
foramen magnum
Rectus Capitis Lateralis Superior surfaces of the Inferior surface of the jugular C2, C3 Bends head laterally
transverse processes of C1 process of the occipital bone
Iliocostalis Cervicis Angle of ribs 3-6 Transverse process of C4-C6 Middle/lower cervical Extends cervical vertebrae
Longissimus Cervicis T1 – T4 transverse process C2 to C6 transverse process Middle/lower cervical Extends cervical vertebrae
Longissimus Capitis C4 – T4 transverse process Posterior edge of mastoid Middle/lower cervical (C6 – Rotates head & pulls backward
process T4)
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Tip of the spinous process of Lateral aspect of the inferior Suboccipital Extends & rotates head
C2 nuchal line of the occiput, as
well as to the bone inferior to
this line.
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Tubercle on the posterior arch Medial portion of the inferior Suboccipital Extends head
of C2 nuchal line of the occipital
bone
Obliquus Capitis Superior Superior surface of the Between the superior and Suboccipital Rotate atlas
transverse process of C1 inferior nuchal lines of the
occipital bone
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Base of spinous process and Along the inferior aspect of the Suboccipital Extends & bends head laterally
adjoining lamina of C2 tip of the transverse process of
C1
b. Thoracic Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Longissimus Thoracis Transverse process of lumbar Transverse process of all Dorsal primary divisions of Extension, lateral flexion of
vertebra and blends with thoracic vertebrae spinal nerves vertebral column, rib rotation
iliocostalis in the lumbar
region
Iliocostalis Thoracis Angle of lower 6 ribs Angles of upper 6 ribs and Dorsal primary divisions of Extension, lateral flexion of
transverse process of C7 spinal nerves vertebral column, rib rotation
Spinalis Thoracis Spinous process of T11 to L2 Spinous process of upper Dorsal primary divisions of Extends vertebral column
thoracic vertebrae spinal nerves
Semispinalis Thoracis Transverse process of T6 to Spinous process of T1 to T4 Dorsal primary divisions of Extends & rotates vertebral
T10 and C6, C7 spinal nerves column
Rotatores Thoracis Transverse process of thoracic Spinous process of thoracic Dorsal primary divisions of Extends & rotates vertebral
vertebrae vertebrae spinal nerves column
c. Lumbar Muscles
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action
Psoas Major Superficial part - overlies the The fibers of the muscle L2, L3, sometimes L1 or L4 Flexes thigh at hip joint &
lumbar plexus and takes origin converge from its wide origin vertebral column
from the sides of the T12 and as they descend on the
L1 to L4 vertebrae including posterior abdominal wall, they
the intervening intervertebral cross the pelvic inlet/brim to
discs. The deep part which lies form a long tendon, which is
mainly deep to the branches of joined within the pelvic region
the lumbar plexus takes origin by multitudinous fibers from
from the transverse processes the iliacus muscle, finally
of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 inserting into the lesser
trochanter of the femur
Intertransversarii Lateralis Transverse and accessory Transverse process of Ventral primary division of Lateral flexion of vertebral
processes of vertebrae L1-L4 succeeding vertebra spinal nerves column
Quadtratus Lumborum Base from Abdomen muscles
Interspinales Interspinales cervicis: Superior Interspinales cervicis: Inferior Dorsal primary divisions of Extends vertebral column
aspect of spinous processes of aspect of spinous processes of spinal nerves
vertebrae C3-T1 vertebrae C2-C7

Interspinales thoracis: Superior

aspect of spinous process of
 vertebrae T2, T11 & T12 Interspinales thoracis: Inferior
(variable) aspect of spinous processes of
vertebrae T1, T10 & T11
Interspinales lumborum:
Superior aspects of spinous Interspinales lumborum:
processes of vertebrae L2-L5 Inferior aspects of spinous
processes of vertebrae L1-L4
Intertransversarii Mediales Accessory processes of Mammillary processes of Dorsal primary divisions of Lateral flexion of vertebral
vertebrae L1-L4 succeeding vertebra spinal nerves column
Multifidus Posterior sacrum, origin of Base of spinous process of all Dorsal primary divisions of Extends & rotates vertebral
erector spinae, posterior vertebrae from L5 to C2 spinal nerves column
superior iliac spine,
mammillary process of lumbar
vertebrae, transverse process
of thoracic vertebrae and
articular process of lower
cervical vertebra C4-C7.
Longissimus Lumborum lumbar intermuscular transverse processes of Dorsal primary divisions of Extends & rotates vertebral
aponeurosis vertebrae L1-L4 spinal nerves column
Iliocostalis Lumborum Iliac crest L1-L4 lumbar transverse Dorsal primary divisions of Extension, lateral flexion of
processes, angle of 4-12 ribs spinal nerves vertebral column, rib rotation
and thoracolumbar fascia

References:
Rizzo, D. C. (2015). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. [VitalSource Bookshelf]. Retrieved from https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781305445420/
Snell, R.S. (2012). Clinical anatomy by regions (9th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Spinalis, Semispinalis, Longissimus (except Lumborum), Rectus Capitis, Multifidus, Iliocostalis, Obliquus, Splenius, Longus, Rotatores: https://www.physio-pedia.com
Longissimus Lumborum, Intertransversarii, Interspinales: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy