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Session 01 Introduction

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48 views16 pages

Session 01 Introduction

Uploaded by

mohammedsaniyaamrin
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Department of BES-II

Digital Design and Computer Architecture


23EC1202
Topic:
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SYSTEMS
LOGIC GATES & NUMBER SYSTEMS

Session No: 01
AIM OF THE SESSION
To familiarize students with the basic concept of Logic gates & Number Systems

INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
This Session is designed to:
1. Master the concepts of binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal number systems, and gain proficiency in
converting between different bases.
2. Understand the fundamental principles of logic gates, including their types, truth tables, and applications, to
design and analyze digital circuits.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this session, you should be able to:
1. Students will demonstrate proficiency in converting numbers between different bases (binary, decimal, octal,
and hexadecimal), showcasing an understanding of the interrelationships between various number systems.
2. Students will be able to apply their knowledge of logic gates to design, construct, and analyze digital circuits,
demonstrating proficiency in implementing logical operations.
Course Title: DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
Course Code: 23EC1202, L-T-P-S Structure: 3-0-2-0, Credits: 4
Course Coordinator: TAMMINENI SREELATHA
SYLLABUS
CO 1: Combinational Digital Logic Circuits
Boolean Algebra, Digital Logic SOP/POS representation and optimization techniques. Adders, Subtractors, Multiplexers, De-
Multiplexers, Decoder, Encoder, Concept of Reversible Gates. Programmable Logic Devices: PROM, PAL, and PLA design.
Implementation of CPLD (Macro cells) and FPGA (CLB/LUT) based digital logic modules and their applications.
CO-2: Design of Sequential and Memory Circuits
Latches and Flip-Flops, Modeling of memory, Registers and Shift registers, Timing and sequence control modules using
Asynchronous/Synchronous counters, Ring and Johnson counter as timing and control units. Random Access Memory (RAM)
and Memory decoding.
CO-3: Basic Computer Architecture and Instructions
Features of Micro Computer, Operands, Addressing modes, Instruction formats, Machine cycle, Instruction sets, subroutine call
and return mechanisms. Instruction set architectures - CISC and RISC architectures. Hardwired realization vs micro-
programmed realization, multi-cycle implementation, Instruction level parallelism, instruction pipelining and pipeline hazards.
CO-4: Memory Architecture and I/O Organization Storage systems, introduction to memory hierarchy
Importance of temporal and spatial locality; main memory organization, cache memory: address mapping, block size, replacement,
and store policies. Virtual Memory System: page table and TLB. External storage; IO fundamentals: handshaking, buffering,
programmed IO, interrupt driven IO.
Course Title: DIGITAL DESIGN AND COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
Course Code: 23EC1202, L-T-P-S Structure: 3-0-2-0, Credits: 4
Course Coordinator: TAMMINENI SREELATHA
EVALUATION PLAN
ANALOG Vs DIGTIAL

Analog

Digital
ANALOG Vs DIGTIAL (Cont…)

Analog
• The physical quantities or signals may vary continuously over a specified range.
• Represented by sinusoidal waves

Digital
• The physical quantities or signals can assume only discrete values.
• Represented by square waves
IMPORTANCE OF ANALOG TO DIGTIAL CONVERSION
IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION
TYPES OF NUMBER SYSTEMS

•- Base: 2
Binary - Digits: 0 and 1

•- Base: 8
Octal •- Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
Number
Systems
•- Base: 10
Decimal •- Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9

Hexa •- Base: 16
Decimal •- Digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F

Importance of number system in digital system: The modern number system is the basis for digital technology and
computing systems. Binary, octal, and hexadecimal number systems, which are widely used in computer science and digital
electronics, are derived from the decimal system.
DIGITAL DATA REPRESENTATION

Decimal Digit 1-bit 2-bit 3-bit 4-bit Octal Hexa Decimal


00 0 00 000 0000 00 0
01 1 01 001 0001 01 1
02 10 010 0010 02 2
03 11 011 0011 03 3
04 100 0100 04 4
05 101 0101 05 5
06 110 0110 06 6
07 111 0111 07 7
08 1000 10 8
09 1001 11 9
10 1010 12 A
11 1011 13 B
12 1100 14 C
13 1101 15 D
14 1110 16 E
15 1111 17 F
LOGIC GATES

AND Gate OR Gate NOT Gate

NAND Gate NOR Gate XOR Gate


APPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS
TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. Explain the basic operations of the AND, OR, and NOT gates in Boolean algebra.

2. How to convert a decimal number to binary number?

3. List the number system representations for decimal numbers 0 to15


REFERENCES FOR FURTHER LEARNING OF THE SESSION

Reference Books:
1. Computer System Architecture by M. Moris Mano
2. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog HDL by Stephen Brown and Zvonko Vranesic
THANK YOU

Team – Digital Design & Computer Architecture

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