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Comparison Between Star and Delta-Connections

The document compares star and delta connections for 3-phase electric power systems. Star connections use 4 wires with a neutral point, while delta connections use 3 wires without a neutral. Star connections have different line and phase voltages, while in delta connections the voltages are the same. Star connections are generally used for power transmission over longer distances.

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51 views9 pages

Comparison Between Star and Delta-Connections

The document compares star and delta connections for 3-phase electric power systems. Star connections use 4 wires with a neutral point, while delta connections use 3 wires without a neutral. Star connections have different line and phase voltages, while in delta connections the voltages are the same. Star connections are generally used for power transmission over longer distances.

Uploaded by

mygames00200
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫االسم ‪ -:‬شروق شريف رضوان دراز‬

‫الفرقة ‪ -:‬الثانية‬

‫تحت اشراف ‪ -:‬د‪/‬هشام‬


Comparison between Star and Delta Connections

• Star and Delta Connections are the two types of connections


in a 3 – phase circuits. A Star Connection is a 4 – wire system and a
Delta Connection is a 3 – wire system.
• Before going in to details of the Star Connection, Delta
Connection and comparing those two, let us have a very brief note
on three – phase electric power.
• A single phase system consists of just two conductors (wires):
one is called the phase, through which the current flows and the
other is called neutral, which acts as a return path to complete the
circuit.
• In a three – phase system, we have a minimum of three
conductors or wires carrying AC voltages. It is more economical to
transmit power using a 3 – phase power supply when compared to a
single phase power supply as a three – phase supply can transmit
three time the power with three conductors when compared to a
two – conductor single – phase power supply.
• Hence, most of the power generated and distributed is
actually a 3 – phase power (but majority of households will receive
a single phase supply).
• Further, the three – phase electric power system can be
arranged in two ways. They are: Star (also called Y or Wye) and
Delta (Δ).
• Star Connections are mainly required for the Power
Transmission Network for longer distances, whereas in Delta
connection mainly in Distribution networks and is used for shorter
distances. In Star Connection, each winding receives 230 volts
and in Delta Connection, each winding receives 415 volts.
• In a Star Connection, there are 4 wires: 3 phase wires and 1
neutral wire whereas in a Delta Connection, there are only 3 wires
for distribution and all the 3 wires are phases (no neutral in a Delta
connection). The following image shows a typical Star and Delta
Connection.
•
• Let us understand more about these connections by using the
following Comparison between Star and Delta Connections.

• STAR CONNECTION (Y OR • DELTA


WYE) CONNECTION (Δ)

• A Star Connection is a 4 – wire • A Delta Connection is


connection (4th wire is optional in a 3 – wire connection.
some cases)
• Two types of Star Connection • In Delta Connection,
systems are possible: 4 – wire, 3 – only 3 – wire 3 phase system
phase system and 3 – wire 3 phase is possible.
system.

• Out of the 4 wires, 3 wires are • All the 3 wires are


the phases and 1 wire is the neutral phases in a Delta
(which is the common point of the 3 Connection.
wires).

• In a Star Connection, one end of • In a Delta Connection,


all the three wires are connected to a every wire is connected to
common point in the shape of Y, such two adjacent wires in the
that all the three open ends of the three form of a triangle (Δ) and all
wires form the three phases and the the three common points of
common point forms the neutral. the connection form the
three phases.
• The Common point of the Star • There is no neutral in
Connection is called Neutral or Star Delta Connection
Point.

• Line Voltage (voltage between • Line Voltage and


any two phases) and Phase Voltage Phase Voltage are same.
(voltage between any of the phase and
neutral) is different.

• Line Voltage is root three times • Line Voltage is equal


phase voltage i.e. VL = √3 VP. Here, to Phase Voltage i.e.
VL is Line Voltage and VP is Phase • VL = VP.
Voltage.

• With a Star Connection, you can • In a Delta Connection,


use two different voltages as VL and we get only a single voltage
VP are different. For example, in a magnitude.
230V/400V system, the voltage
between any of the phase wire and
neutral wire is 230V and the voltage
between any two phases is 400V.

• Line Current and Phase Current • Line current is root


are same. three times the phase
current.

• In Star Connection, IL = IP. • In Delta connection, IL


Here, IL is line current and IP is phase = √3 IP
current.

• Total three phase Power in a Star • Total three phase


Connection can be calculated using the Power in a Delta Connection
following formulae. can be calculated using the
• P = 3 x VP x IP x Cos(Φ) or following formulae.
• P = √3 x VL x IL x Cos(Φ) • P = 3 x VP x IP x
Cos(Φ) or
• P = √3 x VL x IL x
Cos(Φ)

• Since Line Voltage and Phase • In a Delta Connection,


Voltage are different (VL = the Line and Phase Voltages
• √3 VP), the insulation required are same and hence, more
for each phase is less in a Star insulation is required for
Connection. individual phases.

• Usually, Star Connection is used • Delta Connection is


in both transmission and distribution generally used in distribution
networks (with either single phase networks.
supply or three – phase.
• Since insulation required is less, • Delta Connections are
Star Connection can be used for long used for shorter distances.
distances.

• Star Connections are often used • Delta Connections are


in application which require less often used in applications
starting current which require high starting
torque.

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