SSZGNMENT-

UNzT-
IRST oR apINARy aTFERENZLAL_4uTOM
EIRST

2 MaRA CUESTIONS
yDeine Exoe Ditrnti Egurtin.
So Detadicn: T here ir ah equa ton fhe om
Pasy)ob + y)ady = O, an id n caled
ych exart dler entia eyutios here exi cabthhvovs
aWerentiabe onetios F, called ar
potential nedion, svrk hert,
F = ? oA dG , hes exaet equatvs can be iMes as
Plx,y) Ga,y) y'or) = O

Stote hecenary cOAchtio orahtlerentia egvadhon

M l l y =O be ex

Ss The heressY rotos or ditlennbios egvaton

Md Noly - O e exart M = ON.
dy
De ie Ztegrag artor
actor: he Werential egvation cohieh is hot
exar
exa or ho?
iifezrcrble, hen it
c be hod so Ch
liro ti
mu a suita etoy
caleo ar ZATegrag artor.
 ie Cloiraut's eguatin.

egvatios which be wnttes ih

lukaut equation: » cn
khowh
is
the toxm =
DX + 1'p) ar

the Cla'yaut eg vatio.

h a t i he geera/ sohutioh y p +og (i-p).

So 7he geeyal sohton af y- px +ap (1-p) ge ve yy

repla eihg P
y = c ac- ) -0
Eg Oi Pheraf SoutioA.

ChETTON
h atlevendio) epa hion
=
or
Exomihe d y-sthy
exacthe.

Sb ive,
dy Cosy
y-XShy
y-xsihy)dy
= -

cosydx

cosyds (y°-xsiny)dy =0

Ch o panhg '
O Mds +Ndy 0, get = e

M= cosy N= y'-rsiAy
 M -Sihy
y
Chd N -SIhy
>
N
ay
The dlerrnhia/ eguatin exart D
2 Fihd dhe geera/ sohtion o dhe egvattos p= sh (y-xp).
So Gaiven,
sh (y-xp)
sIh y-e

Eg Oii fo Claivavteguation, so
s6h hos v e s y rplani ? wi

hnera sohotin
Solve xdr + ydy cdy- yau = O.
+y°
Solr Give,
xde ya kd-yelp
be+y)J
xd+ ydy D
+/Y
 xd+ydy +
dn teg vati
aol ydy fbltn g/-o +

+ + ta y c O
2

+y t a ) +c'

4 Fnal Zteg rorh Farter he dlerentesl eyuato

ylogy ds +i-loy )oly a .
Ses Gveh,
(ylegylda (n-logy edy -0-O
7
O con paring e w i
co porh2
Ndy =
O, wege
M: ylogy h N-x -ly)

M 9N 1

Since, N N ,
hes

o, N-M
oy
-+oy) -leg y
y logy
M y.legy
. ZF =

Thus, h Ztgrodig areii .

 jon
5Sve he t% loiny egvetioh,

(secx. tonx.tany -eJda + secx.secy.dy

=
0 -0
COmpar e
Chpari o Md +Ndy - O, weget

Msecr. tahx.tahy - N= seex. Sec"y

Se, N =Secx.tonx.secy CN= ecx. sec"y.tahx

Sihct
y
Tenre, dhe egi exact, arad Ho solotion guves by,
grve
Ma Jhrmi of N Ast roteinig xldy = a
Y:tohs,

loerx.tann. tany -ed 4 fod, = C

Secx.tahy-e C

e" setn.tany +e

Mare (usszzoNE
Sohrehe tolosng Arohia eqvatoAs
a y - e J -x*yd = O

Pobs co por Mdu + Ndy -0,,

M- (xy'4(-e* ud W: -x'y

oe, DM = 2xy ahd N

8y
=

Zxy
Dince, N
ay
Noe,
2 - N
y 2ay-(-2xy
N -'y

'. Z.F =e).4 d -4lg

Melipyi zF O, on prt
d' - -o

cOmparh ey ith M+Ndy 0, ae et

M'= ' -. e4
N'

N 2
y
y
Hennt, eg ) exantexart ienAtis eguahon and
snhotion ves by
Md /(ou N not kawig xldy - o
y COhs

. d h =c

C
C

2x
 yy +2xy )des x(ry -x'y')dy =O
y x'y')ok +(*'y -x'y')dy - o -

omCO p Y+ eg aid Md +Ndy 0,yet

-

M=xy' 2x"y" N x'y -xy

2xy
ay
+ry qhd N2y -ax"y'
7
y
o , reto ri ey o ,
xy (yd xdy) *'y'(2yd -xdy):0
Co ganigiidA
Con 9or x'y* (mych +hxdy)+x"y# aydb 4n'ndy)-0
=6 1, m-h-2, a'= =2 , h2,' = -1

bde hao, ZF ='y*

here, h e l
here, =
b+k4 and a'+h+1 =
+k41
h h'

3k+3
2

--0
-3 k- -3

Z.F
 >otiphyihg ZF in eg , are e

Eg exad hWerenrisl eguotes ditsosolutio

v e h By,

Y=toht.

ey
+2logx-ogy e
2logn -log y C

2g-gy y

y2xtylA (2x -ay)d -o

S1s Fhre, M:y't 2»y na N: 2x'-xy

N= 2y +2r nd dN-6x- y

pihee,
dy
clto be on11n as,

y yds-ndy/+ x't2ydu +2ndy)- 0

Peare, Cnpari »*y'lnyeda t nndy)t*"y'myde +nxdra

h's 2
O , b=/, m 1,h=-, a' -2,/-0, m'2,
 do, Z.F =x'y

h h'

+k-3 -k-2

OC sohrig, weet - 5 k =
I FZ.F =x'y' - " y

hip ing 7. eg , we get

Nou
N'
OM' =
y'
y ty
ON y
y
M =N
ay
e e solhis ezvathes aiSe,

yscons.

4ya-cl
iv)
y cesec ory) O

S ay)y +y.sinlay) / =0

Zy.sinlay)+1lde + x sih lxy) ay O

Here, M:ysih(xy) + W-r1sih lory)

M -
X
Lyx.cos(ry) + sin (xy)
o'y
CN= 1y cor*y) S i ay)
Sinre, N
dy

-W yxcostry)+x' sihlay)- xy.ros ay)-4x'sinlay)

y
N x1silay)

y sihlay)4d x.iilny)try)dy =0
hr, M= ynilty) d N,Sh ay)

AMsihay)+aycotep)sLc Sih (xy) +zycostay)

y
ON = eN
oiae,
Merne, ey eror qnd ih sobtlen g i n ty

Mdy+ N ilo -/ay =0

y= toA
 Jt ysintey) +Lf& = 0

-y.cos(xy) C
y
cos (ay)
cos(xy) 2x
-Ve-
ry. sihfry) 4 eorfayy.d + xysitey) er(ary)/rdy O -
=

Solb Tee, M- xysilay)+ y.cortay) nd N: xy.sin fny) -x. corlry)

.

OM=(x*y'+), cos(xy) + xy.sinlay)

N =
y.silay) (y-1),cortay)
?
N
y

Z.E = M-Ny
2xycoy)
7.F, ae et
Muhipiy eg . with

ov, ov, (ytotay)a+tntoy)-Y)dy =o

N x. tonfay)-4
ere M:yfouly)+4
OM' =
tanxy) xy sec°ay), =xy.ste'ay)+ tahlay)
Oy
M'= N
dy
 Hehee, eg' eva dirdin) egurdin as
soltios iven by
by
Sd Jern N idh.d »Jdly
YECoAs

eglseetoy + leyx- egy aye

egla.setry/ lagty)
.see (xy) - y

vi e*-2mxy)A+ »x"yaly =0 O

S Here, M-e-2mxy' ohd N- Zmx'y

N = Amxy
M= -mxy
y

So OM-N xy mxy = -=to)

2m 'y

eg , e

- 2 y e* cnd N 2my
 N'= ha N = Hmy

Since, 2M = N'
y d
exaet be,

d
y=cohs,
+ Ndy =0

e y'

vily x)yd + -xy)xdy - 0

Ss Mere, M- yt xy N =x-x

OM /+2xy N=)-2xy
y

2'y

md W' =

M N
2y

Ceary gN' , so eq 2 exart chM,ohe)

eyveho

7
>rohJ.
 2xy ey leg y c

Sohe olohg dillo ntia eqva tiens-

6i) p 2py cot -

y'
Solo Bdthny yet' CAhasi

+2pycoty'to?' -y°hod7

yeo =y + co

p4yco = ycosee>

ve s/gh,
P +yco = ycosec

+ y eotr ycos fe

dy +yro td= y coserxdy

dy y (rorer-cotal

cosec -cotld

tegrarhgs
egy eg tang lgsihx g
 Si'h

2 sih .co%

Y 2cos C
cos>e

y
tcof
y tcosa)- e

Siiary -ve e e
y-ro1x) - c

The soltio ill d

lyhteoro)-c
i) pt Pxp' -yp' 2xy p -
-
0

Sels p-yp)+ (xp' -2xy'p) =0

plp-y)+ 2»p (p-y)
+2xp)p-yi) =o

+2)lp-y) -o

ane: p -0

yradi
yy-,
=C, - o) =0 -O
 y 2xo =0
Jaegvatig,
(y -) O

Case: > D-y' =o

Itegnarig,
Ca

G) =O

0, qudG at hsoh this o e gies eguoros,

li) y= xlp + ap

Dgvearhg ide,ote
y-xp) x'l+p')

y-2xyp + h =
 y2xyp -x' 0
-

y-x 2xyel
Y-
2xy
Cleary, eg* Oia hoogrheou dgrer 1,
P y V Y= V g
-
eg qud , seer

v-
dn 2x*v
V l
y2v
d
xy V- - v

d -
a 2v

-2.dv o
/4y

- Le
 y ' ° = .c'}

Solve he ollog dlterenthia eguations

Sks DiHontioting y.t. x,

/4p

.o
p)l p-)
p'+1

ategrri gleg(p-)-yhy(p)-os p+c

Riz valr ox
i
y 0, r e t
a.op)/ +ja tas"p + c -
we dhe h swer.

me nl/o1,

sk Yhstoe) nosatidyiiy h.do please

i) y ' P

p "
D-p(2xp 41dp
p-) (xp+1)
p1-p)ds-2xp -/

d -p) P(-p)
E Le' bnitz egvation, so
2
(I-p) p(-p)
Do, I.F = p-

o aton e Jires
zt.F) x z ) .

xl-)° =

xl-)-p g+
x(p-+p -logp +c
i) y + 9x
=
X"p*
,Y.t. ,

dY

?D dp+9pr
2p - p ' » d ? -2px"d? = O

2p-2x'p)4 xd? l)-2r'pl-0

2
/2d7/-2ip7-o

Nayhedy rivgre p,
2
dD 2p

2p
2dtd = O

2hgx tegp lege

 lvaber

y Sohe hlhoig dAereathaegua?ionst

8y- hxy

O.o.1t. y,
2

)(-
3 - )-0
Neghrt erm ho o daiiy derivothve eP, ry

-
Ideyoti

ey-log y)
P'- cy
Eg Ocn de riffa
2p' -ny) -

-ly
ogpah,
p'(p'-ny)- E4y*
vahe ho

cy (cy-y)-64y

cy. y'(- 4y

ce-4n) 6y

i) Pto (x
tan=x - -0
DiWeren hintng avt. y, we gtt

.d (ap)?- p.?pd?
dy

. (-p)g2
 (14p') + (-
py
2
p
22 .d
Ategra ig,
Y