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02-Angular Measurement

The document discusses various instruments used to measure angles, including protractors, vernier bevel protractors, optical bevel protractors, sine bars, angle gauges, clinometers, autocollimators, and angle dekkors. It provides details on how each instrument works and its capabilities for angular measurement.

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53 views45 pages

02-Angular Measurement

The document discusses various instruments used to measure angles, including protractors, vernier bevel protractors, optical bevel protractors, sine bars, angle gauges, clinometers, autocollimators, and angle dekkors. It provides details on how each instrument works and its capabilities for angular measurement.

Uploaded by

Clash God
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Angular Measurement

Angular Measurement
• The radian is the derived quantity of angular measurement in the SI
system. By definition, it is dimensionless, though it may be specified
as rad to avoid ambiguity. Angles measured in degrees, are shown
with the symbol °. Subdivisions of the degree are minute (symbol ′, 1′
= 1/60°) and second {symbol ″, 1″ = 1/3600°}.

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/112/106/112106179/
Instruments for Angular measurement
• Protractor
• Vernier (Universal) Bevel Protractor
• Optical Bevel Protractor
• Sine Bar
• Angle Gauges
• Clinometer
• Angle Dekkor
• Autocollimator
Protractor:

• It is a piece of simple angular


measuring equipment used for
measurement of angles from
zero degrees to 180 degrees
with an accuracy of + or -0.5
degree.
• This is generally used for
measurement and setting of
angles in drawings only.
Inclinometer or Clinometer
Used for measuring angles of slope (or tilt), elevation, or depression of
an object with respect to gravity's direction.
Inclinometer or Clinometer
Universal (Vernier) Bevel Protractor
It is used to measure the angle of the given specimen by placing the component in
between the two blades of the bevel protractor.
Simplest angular measuring device which is having a Vernier Scale (Similar principle
as the Vernier Caliper) along with the acute angle attachment. (The meaning of
bevel is which is not 90°). It can measure up to 5 minutes of the angular
measurement.
It is calibrated in Main Scale Divisions and Vernier Scale Divisions. Main scale on the
protractor is divided into degrees from 0-90 each way such that it can complete 180
degrees.
The Vernier scale has 12 Divisions and they are divided into (0-60)minutes such that
each division is equal to 1/12th of 60. i.e. 5 mins.
Vernier Bevel Protractor
Different Angular measurement with
Bevel Protractor
Optical Bevel Protractor
An advancement of the Vernier Bevel Protractor with the additional
optical magnifying device to attain more accuracy and precise
measurement up to 2 minutes of the angular measurement.
Slope Horizontal Vertical Angle bevel protractor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAVYpQEnib8
Measurement of Inclines : Clinometer
• Individually, Protractor and Spirit Level cannot be used for the
measurement of angles of a component.
• Therefore by combining protractor and spirit levels, it is possible to
measure the angle of the component which is called a Clinometer.
• clinometer diagram
• It is a piece of simple angular measuring equipment used for measuring an
approximate angle of the component.
• This can measure the accuracy of the angles up to 0.5 degrees and any
unknown projections present in the component will also create errors in
the angle measured.
Face Standard Angular Measuring Devices : Sine bar
• It is used to measure the angle of the given specimen by the usage of
Slip gauges. The sine bar is made up of high carbon steel.
Sine Bar
• Link for Sine Bar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmyjC2ooamE
Angular measurement with Sine Bar
Sine Bar
Angular measurement with Sine Bar

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmyjC2ooamE
Face Standard Angular Measuring Devices : Angle Gauges
• There are 13 Angle Gauges from 0 degree to 81 degrees.
• During the building of a given angle by using an angle gauge set, the
following points must be ensured.
• Every single gauge used must be available in the standard set.
• Do not repeat the same Angle gauge in one setting.
•
• When 2 slip gauges are given, it is possible to build only 1 dimension
whereas when 2 angle gauges are given, it is possible to build 2 different
angles.

• Angle gauges are used as a reference gauge or masterpieces for calibrating


the angular measuring equipment.
Angle Gauges
Angle Gauge
Measurement of Inclines : Spirit level
• In general, the spirit level will not be used for measurement of the angles, but it will be used for
the measurement of angular deviations or angular errors only.
• The body of the spirit level is made by using very low-density material because the weight of the
spirit level must be as minimum as possible to avoid the disturbance taking place on the angular
deviations.
• Spirit is used as a liquid because it has low density or viscosity and the wettability of spirit with a
glass surface is zero.
• Note:
• The length of one scale division must be greater than the diameter of the air bubble. To ensure
that only one division must be present within the air bubble.
• The air bubble is always set at the topmost point of the curvature so that when the spirit level is
placed on the perfectly flat surface, the air bubble is setting at the Zero location.
• Sensitivity of Spirit Level:
• The sensitivity of the spirit level can be increased by increasing the radius of the glass vial.
• Theta (θ) = mm/m
• If the sensitivity of the spirit level is indicated in terms of mm/m, it is called a gradient of a spirit
level.
Precision Measurement of Angle
• Collimators and Angle Dekkors are the most precise instruments.
• Autocollimator

• Angle Dekkor
• It is not the direct angle measuring equipment but it is an angle
comparator that compares the angle of the given component with a
standard set of masterpieces which can also be taken as Angle
gauges.
Autocollimator
Autocollimator
Autocollimator
Autocollimator
Autocollimator
Autocollimator
Autocollimator

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxrL55vVDj8
Autocollimator

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YxrL55vVDj8
Angle Dekkor
Angle Dekkor
Angle Dekkor
Angle Dekkor
Angle Dekkor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIOwGWQByFk
Angle Dekkor

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIOwGWQByFk

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