VIDYA MANDIR IND.

PU COLLEGE
THEORY AND MCQ’S QUESTIONS – 16-03-24
II PUC -ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS
SOLUTIONS
NUMERICALS
1.

2.
3.

4.

5.

MCQ’S
1. (a) All charge resides on the outer surface so that according to Gauss law, electric field inside a
shell is zero.
2. (c)
EC =E EBC = E
EB =E
120o

EC EB  
120o 120o
EA
EA = E EA = E
Enet = 0
𝑚𝑔
3. (b) According to the question, 𝑒𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔  𝐸 =
𝑒
𝑞𝐸 𝑎𝑒 𝑚𝑝
4. (c) 𝑎 =  =
𝑚 𝑎𝑝 𝑚𝑒
1 𝑞 𝑞
5. (b) 𝐸 = 4𝜋𝜀 × 2 = 9 × 109 × 2
0 𝑟 𝑟
2
𝐸×𝑟2 3×106×(2.5)
𝑞= 9 = 9 = 2.0833 × 10−3
9×10 9×10
q should be less than 2.0833  10–3. In the given set of options 2  10–3 is the maximum charge
which is smaller than 2.0833  10–3.
6. (a) Suppose electric field is zero at point N in the figure then
Q1 = 25C E2 N E1 Q2 = 36C

x1 x2
x = 11 cm

At N |E1| = |E2|
𝑥 11
which gives 𝑥1 = = = 5𝑐𝑚
𝑄 √36+1
√ 2+1 25
𝑄1

7. (c) For equilibrium of q

|F1| = |F2|
Q1 = + 4e F2 q F1 Q2 = +e

x1 x2
x

𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
Which gives 𝑥2 = = =
𝑄 4𝑒 3
√𝑄1 +1 √ +1
2 𝑒

𝑚𝑔 1.7×10−27 ×9.8
8. (a) Since qE = mg or 𝐸 = =
𝑞 1.6×10−19
= 10.0  10 = 1  10 V/m
–8 –7

9. (b) The field produced by charge – 3Q at A, this is E as mentioned in the Example.

3𝑄
 𝐸 = 2 (along AB directed towards negative charge) A B
𝑥 Q –3Q

Now field at location of – 3Q i.e., field at B due to x

𝑄 𝐸
charge Q will be 𝐸′ = 𝑥 2 = (along AB directed away from positive charge)
3
 1 𝐸𝑟2 𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑟 2
10. (c) 𝐸 = .  𝑛 = 𝑒 . 4𝜋𝜀0
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 𝑒
0.036×0.1×0.1 360
𝑛= −19 = 144 × 10 = 2.5  10 N/C.
5 5
9
9×10 ×1.6×10
1 𝑄 𝑄
11. (a) 𝐸 = .
 2 = 9 × 109 × 2 Q = 8  10
−11
𝐶
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 (0.6)
12. (a) From following figure,
EA = Electric field at mid-point M due to + 5C charge
5×10−6
= 9 × 109 × 2 = 45 × 105 𝑁/𝐶
(0.1)
EB = Electric field at M due to +10 C charge
10×10−6
= 9 × 109 × 2 = 90 × 105 𝑁/𝐶
(0.1)
+ 5 C M + 10C

A EB EA B
20cm

→ →
Net electric field at 𝑀 = | 𝐸 𝐵 | − | 𝐸 𝐴 | = 45 × 105 𝑁/𝐶 = 4.5 × 106 𝑁/𝐶,
in the direction of EB i.e., towards + 5C charge
13. (a) As the dipole will feel two forces which are although opposite but not equal.
 A net force will be there and as these forces act at different points of a body. A torque is
also there.
14. (b) Maximum torque = pE
= 2  10–6  3  10–2  2  105 = 12  10–3 N-m.
15. (b) p = q  (2l) = 1.6  10–19  10–10 = 1.6  10–29 C-m
1 2𝑝
16. (b) 𝐸 = . 3
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟
17. (c) Dipole moment p = q (2l)
= 3.2 × 10−19 × (2.4 × 10−10 ) = 7.68 × 10−29 𝐶 − 𝑚
18. (b) The direction of electric field at equatorial point A or B will be in opposite direction, as that
of direction of dipole moment.
A

– +

B
→
P
2𝑘𝑝 𝑘𝑝
19. (b) We have 𝐸𝑎 = and 𝐸𝑒 = ; 𝐸𝑎 = 2𝐸𝑒
𝑟3 𝑟3

A →
20. (c) p
+q
𝑝𝑛𝑒𝑡 = √𝑝2 + 𝑝2 + 2𝑝𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 0° = √3𝑝 pnet
l l
= √3𝑞𝑙 ( p = ql)
C 60°
B l →
+q – 2q p
 𝑚𝑔
21. (b) For balance 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑒𝐸  𝐸 =
𝑒
4 4 22
Also 𝑚 = × (10−7 )3 × 1000𝑘𝑔 = 𝜋𝑟3 𝑑 ×
3 3 7
−7 3
4/3×22/7×(10 ) ×1000×10
𝐸= = 260 N/C
1.6×10−19
22. (c) Due to deutron, intensity of electric field at 1 Å distance,
1 𝑒 9 × 109 × 1.6 × 10−19
𝐸= . 2= = 1.44 × 1011 𝑁/𝐶.
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 10−20
23. (d)
𝑞
24. (a) Electric field due to a point charge 𝐸 =
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2
1 30 2
 𝑞 = 𝐸 × 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2 = 2 × 9 × ( 100
) = 2  10–11 C
9×10
25. (a) Because of the presence of positive test charge q0 in front of positively charged ball, charge
on the ball will be redistributed, less charge on the front half surface and more charge on the back
half surface. As a result of this net force F between ball and point charge will decrease i.e., actual
electric field will be greater than 𝐹/𝑞0 .
26. (c) Electric field at a distance R is only due to sphere because electric field due to shell inside it
1 3𝑄
is always zero. Hence electric field =4𝜋𝜀 . 𝑅2
0
27. (b) 𝑄 = 𝑛𝑒; where n = number of moles  6.02  1023  10
500
 𝑄 = 18 × 6.02 × 1023 × 10 × 1.6 × 10−19 = 2.67 × 107 𝐶
28. (a) From figure dl = R d;
+ + +
𝑞 +
Charge on dl = R d {𝜆 = } dl
+
dl
𝜋𝑅
+ +
𝜆𝑅𝑑𝜃  d
Electric field at centre due to dl is 𝑑𝐸 = 𝑘. . + +
𝑅2
+
We need to consider only the component dE cos ,
+

R
as the component dE sin will cancel out
because of the field at C due to the symmetrical 

element dl. dE
𝜋/2 dE cos 
Total field at centre = 2 ∫0 𝑑𝐸 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
2𝑘𝜆 𝜋/2 2𝑘𝜆 𝑞
= ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑑𝜃 = = 2
𝑅 0 𝑅 2𝜋 𝜀0 𝑅2

29. (a) When dipole is given a small angular displacement  about its equilibrium position, the
restoring torque will be
𝜏 = −𝑝𝐸 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = −𝑝𝐸𝜃 (as sin = )
𝑑2 𝜃 𝑑2 𝜃
or 𝐼 𝑑𝑡 2 = −𝑝𝐸𝜃 (as 𝜏 = 𝐼𝛼 = 𝐼 𝑑𝑡 2 )
𝑑2 𝜃 𝑝𝐸 𝑝𝐸
or = −𝜔2 𝜃 with 𝜔2 = 𝜔=√
𝑑𝑡 2 𝐼 𝐼
 1 5×10−9 5×10−9 5×10−9 (5  10 −9 ) 
30. (c) 𝐸 = .[ 2− 2 + − + ..... 
4𝜋𝜀0 (1×10−2) (2×10−2) (4×10−2 )2 (8  10 − 2 )2 
9 × 109 × 5 × 10−9 1 1 1
⇒𝐸= [1 − + − +. . . ]
10−4 (2)2 (4)2 (8)2
1 1 1 1 1
⇒ 𝐸 = 45 × 104 [1 + (4)2 + (16)2 +. . . ] −45 × 104 [(2)2 + (8)2 + (32)2 +. . . ]

4
1 45 × 104 1 1
⇒ 𝐸 = 45 × 10 [ ]− [1 + 2 + +. . ]
1 (2) 2 4 (16)2
1 − 16
E = 48  104 – 12  104 = 36  104 N/C
31.

32. Ans. (c): A comb get electrically charged by friction when go through dry hair and it will attract
small papers. But when hair is wet the friction between hair and comb get reduced so charge
reduced on comb so it will not attract small bits of paper
33.

34. Ans: (a)

35.
36. Ans. (c): According to principle of super position, Force between any two-charge particle’s
independent of the presence of third charge. According to this principle, charge Q3 will not
affect the force of Q1 exerted on Q2. Therefore, the force of Q1 exerted on Q2 will remain the
same.
37.

38. (a)
39.

40.
 Assignment 2 jee solutions

41. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and Q2 fixed at two different points on
the x - axis are shown in the figure. These lines suggest that

(A) Q1  Q2

(B) Q1  Q 2

(C) At a finite distance to the left of Q1 the electric field is zero

(D) At a finite distance to the right of Q2 the electric field is zero
Ans (A, D)

From the figure, it can be observed that Q1 is positive, Q2 is negative.

Number of lines on Q1 is greater and number of lines E directly proportional to magnitude of
charge
So, | Q1 | > | Q2|
Electric field will be zero to the right of Q2 as it has small magnitude and opposite sign to that of
Q1.

42. A spherical metal shell A of radius RA and a solid metal sphere B of radius RB (< RA) are kept far
apart and each is given charge ‘+Q’. Now they are connected by a thin metal wire. Then
(A) Einside
A =0 (B) QA > QB

A R B
(C) = (D) Eonsurface  Eon surface

B R A
A B

Ans (ABCD)
 QA + QB = 2Q . . .(i)
KQA KQB
= . . .(ii)
RA RB

and (ii)  Q A = Q B  and QB 1 + A  = 2Q  QB =

RA  R 2Q 2QR B
(i)  =
 RB   RB   RA  RA + RB
1 + R 
 B 

2QR A
and QA =  QA  QB
RA + RB

A QA / 4R A2 R B
= = [using (ii)]
B Q B / 4R 2B R A

A 
EA = and E B = B [ A  B ]
0 0

 EA < EB (at surface)

43. A cubical region of side a has its centre at the origin. It encloses three fixed point charges, −q at
(0, −a / 4, 0), +3q at (0, 0, 0) and −q at (0, +a/4, 0). Choose the correct option (s)

(A) The net electric flux crossing the plane x = +a / 2 is equal to the net electric flux crossing the
plane x = −a/2
(B) The net electric flux crossing the plane y = +a/2 is more than the net electric flux crossing the
plane
y = −a/2
q
(C) The net electric flux crossing the entire region is
0

(D) The net electric flux crossing the plane z = +a/2 is equal to the net electric flux crossing the x
= +a /2
Ans (A, C, D)
 +a −a
Position of all the charges are symmetric about the planes x = and x = . So net electric flux
2 2
through them will be same.

+a −a
Similarly flux through y = is equal to flux through y = .
2 2

qin 3q − q − q q
= = =
0 0 0

+a +a
By symmetry flux through z = is equal to flux through x =
2 2

44. Two particles of masses m and 2m having same charges q each are placed in a uniform electric
field E and allowed to move for the same time. Find the ratio of their kinetic energies.
Ans 2
(A)2 (B) 1
(C)3 (D) 4

qE qE
a1 = and a 2 =  a1 = 2a 2
m 2m

1 1 1 1
K1 = m1v12 = m1 (a1t) 2 , K 2 = m 2 v 22 = m 2 (a 2 t) 2
2 2 2 2

K1 m1a12 m 4 2
= =  =
K 2 m 2a 22 2m 1 1

45. If on the concentric hollow spheres of radii r and R(> r) the charge Q is distributed such that their
surface densities are same then the potential at their common centre is

Q(R 2 + r 2 ) QR Q(R + r)
(A) (B) (C) Zero (D)
40 (R + r) R+r 40 (R 2 + r 2 )

Ans (D)
q1 q
q1 + q 2 = Q and = 22
4r 2
4R

Qr 2 QR 2
q1 = and q =
R 2 + r2 R 2 + r2
2

Potential at common centre

 1  Qr 2 QR 2  Q(R + r)
 2 2 + 2 2 =
4 0  (R + r )r (R + r )R  4 0 (R 2 + r 2 )

46. A point charge q is placed at a distance a/2 directly above the centre of a square of side a. The
electric flux through the square is
(A) q/0 (B) q/0 (C) q/40 (D) q/60
Ans (D)
An imaginary cube can be made by considering charge q at the centre and given square is one of
it’s face.

q
So flux from given square (i.e. one face)  =
6 0

47. Two infinitely long parallel wires having linear charge densities 1 and 2 respectively are placed
at a distance of R metres. The force per unit length on either wire will be  K =
1 
 4  0 

21 2 21 2 1 2 1 2

(A) K (B) K (C) K (D) K
R2 R R2 R

Ans (B)
2k1
Force on l length of the wire 2 is F2 = QE1 = ( 2l )
R

F2 2k1 2
 =
l R

F1 F2 F 2k1 2
Also = = =
l l l R
48. Two identical charged spheres are suspended by strings of equal lengths. The strings make an
angle of 30 with each other. When suspended in a liquid of density 0.8g cm−3, the angle remains
the same. If density of the material of the sphere is 1.6g cm−3, the dielectric constant of the liquid
is
(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2
Ans (D)
 1.6
K= = =2
 −  1.6 − 0.8

 → density of sphere,  → density of liquid.

49. Charge q is uniformly distributed over a thin half ring of radius R. The electric field at the centre
of the ring is
q q q q
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2  0 R 2
2
4  0 R 2
2
40 R 2 20 R 2

Ans (A)
From figure dl = Rd,

 q 
Charge on dl = R d  =
 R 

Rd
Electric field at centre due to dl is dE = k. .
R2

We need to consider only the component dE cos , as the component dE sin  will cancel out
because of the field at C due to the symmetrical element dl.
 /2
Total field at centre = 2  dE cos 
0

 /2
2k 2k q
=
R  cos d =
0
R
= 2
2  0 R 2

As we know that electric field due to a finite length charged wire on it’s perpendicular
 2k
bisector is given by E = sin .
R

If it is bent in the form of a semicircle then  = 90

2k
E=
R

1  q / R 
= 2  
40  R 

q
=
2  0 R 2
2

50. Three positive charges of equal value q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. The
resulting lines of force should be sketched as in
(A) (B) (C) (D)

Ans (C)
Option (A) shows lines of force starting from one positive charge and terminating at another.
Option (B) has one line of force making closed loop. Option (D) shows all lines making closed
loops. All these are not correct. Only option (C) is correct.

51. A metallic shell has a point charge ‘q’ kept inside its cavity. Which one of the following diagrams
correctly represents the electric lines of forces
(A) (B) (C) (D)

Ans (C)
Electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential surface and is zero every where inside the metal.
52. An infinite number of electric charges each equal to 5 nanocoulomb (magnitude) are placed along
X-axis at x = 1 cm, x = 2 cm, x = 4 cm x = 8 cm ….and so on. In the setup if the consecutive
charges have opposite sign, then the electric field in Newton/Coulomb at x = 0 is
 1 2
 4 = 9  10 N − m / c 
9 2

 0 

(A) 12  104 (B) 24 104 (C) 36 104 (D) 48 104

Ans (C)

1  5 10−9 5 10 −9 5 10 −9 5 10 −9 

E= − + −
 (110−2 ) 2 (2 10−2 ) 2 (4 10 −2 ) 2 (8 10 −2 ) 2 + ...
4 0  

9 109  5 10−9  1 1 1 
E= 1 − (2)2 + (4)2 − (8)2 + ...
10−4  

 1 1   1 1 1 
 E = 45 104 1 + 2 + 2
+ ... − 45 104  2 + 2 + 2
+ ...
 (4) (16)   (2) (8) (32) 

 1  45 10  
4
1 1
 E = 45 104   − 2 1+ 2 + 2
+ ...
1 (2)  4 (16) 
1 − 
 16 

E = 48  104 − 12 104 = 36  104 N/C

53. Two point charges +q and −q are held fixed at (−d, 0) and (d, 0) respectively of a (X, Y) coordinate
system. Then
(A) E at all points on the Y –axis is a long î

(B) The electric field E at all points on the X - axis has the same direction

(C) Dipole moment is 2qd directed along î

(D) Work has to be done in bringing a test charge from infinity to the origin
Ans (A)

From figure, it is clear that E at all points on the y-axis is along î . Here E of all points on x-
axis cannot have the same direction.
Here electric potential at origin is zero so no work is done in bringing a test charge from infinity
to
 origin.
Here dipole moment is in –x direction (−q to +q). Hence only option (A) is correct.

54. Six charges, three positive and three negative of equal magnitude are to be placed at the vertices
of a regular hexagon such that the electric field at O is double the electric field when only one
positive charge of same magnitude is placed at R. Which of the following arrangements of charges
is possible for P, Q, R, S, T and U respectively

(A) +, −, +, −, −, + (B) +, −, +, −, +, −
(C) +, +, −, +, −, − (D) −, +, +, −, +, −
Ans (D)
If the charges are arranged according to the option (D), the electric fields due to P and S and due
to Q and T add to zero, while due to U and R will be added up.

55. A particle of mass 2  10−5 Kg and charge 4  10−3 C moves from rest in a uniform electric field
of magnitude 5 V/m. Its kinetic energy after 10 seconds is
(A) 2  103 J (B) 103 J (C) 2  10−3 J (D) 102 J
Ans (B)
Here, mass of particle, m = 2  10−5 Kg
Charge of a particle, q = 4  10−3 C

Electric field, E = 5 Vm−1

Force on a charged particle in a uniform electric field is F = qE
qE
 Acceleration of the particle, a =
m

4 10−3  5
= −5
= 103 ms −2
2 10

Let v be velocity of particle after 10 s.

As v = u + at
 v = at = (103 ms−2) (10s) = 104 ms−1 [u = 0]
Kinetic energy of a particle after 10 s is
1 1
K = mv 2 =  2 10−5  104  104 = 103 J
2 2
56. An electron is released from the bottom plate A as shown in the figure (E = 104 N/C). The velocity
of the electron when it reaches plate B will be nearly equal to

(A) 0.85  107 m/s (B) 1.0  107 m/s

(C) 1.25  107 m/s (D) 1.65  107 m/s
Ans (A)
The force acting on the electron = e.E.
eE
Acceleration of the electron =
m

u = 0,v = ? v2 − u2 = 2aS.
S = 2  10−2 m

e
 v 2 = 2   E  2  10−2 m
m

e
= 1.76  1011 coulomb / kg
m

 v2 = 2  1.76  1011 104  2  10−2

= 7.04  1013 = 70.4  1012

 v = 0.85  107 m/s

57. A uniformly charged thin spherical shell of radius R carries uniform surface charge density of 
per unit area. It is made of two hemispherical shells, held together by pressing them with force F
(see figure). F is proportional to
 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
(A) R (B) R (C) (D)
0 0 0 R 0 R 2

Ans (A)

 2  2 2 R 2
Electrostatic repulsive force Fele =   R ;F = F =
 20  20
ele

58. The electric intensity due to a dipole of length 10 cm and having a charge of 500 C, at a point
on the axis at a distance 20 cm from one of the charges in air, is
(A) 6.25  107 N/C (B) 9.28  107 N/C

(C) 13.l  1111 N/C (D) 20.5 107 N/C

Ans (A)

2pr
By using E = 9 109. ; where
(r − l 2 ) 2
2

p = (500  10−6)  (10 10−2) = 5  10−5 c  m ,

r = 25 cm = 0.25 m l = 5 cm = 0.05 m

9 109  2  5 10−5  0.25

E= = 6.25 107 N / C
{(0.25)2 − (0.05)2}2

59. A molecule with a dipole moment p is placed in an electric field of strength E. Initially the dipole
is aligned parallel to the field. If the dipole is to be rotated to be anti-parallel to the field, the work
required to be done by an external agency is
(A) −2pE (B) −pE (C) pE (D) 2pE
Ans (D)
W = PE(1 − cos ) here  = 180
 W = PE(1 − cos 180) = PE[1 −(−1)] = 2PE

60. Three point charges +q, −2q and +q are placed at points (x = 0, y = a, z = 0), (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0)
and
 (x = a, y = 0, z = 0) respectively. The magnitude and direction of the electric dipole moment
vector of this charge assembly are
(A) 2qa along + y direction

(B) 2qa along the line joining points (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and ( x = a, y = a, z = 0)

(C) qa along the line joining points (x = 0, y = 0, z = 0) and (x = a, y = a, z = 0)

(D) 2qa along + x direction

Ans (B)