IS 800-2007

4.1.1 Determine the per pitch length strength and Since the pitch of the bolts is not known, the
efficiency of the lap joint shown in Fig The bolts factor k, and thus the bearing strength of the bolt
are of 20 mm diameter and of grade 4.6. The two can not be determined in the beginning. However,
plates to be jointed are 10 mm and 12 mm thick since it is well known that, in general, shear
(steel is of grade E 250). controls the strength of the joint and not the
bearing, the strength of the joint on the basis of
4.1.2 For E 250 grade of steel: f = 410 MPa For shear will be used to calculate the number of bolts
bolts of grade 4.6: fub = 400 MPa For 20 mm
diameter bolt: Anb= 245 mm² d_h and d_o =22 mm required. Thereafter, a suitable pattern of bolts
(From Table 7.1) (From Table 7.3) will be decided considering the limitation of the
width of the flat.
The bolts will be in single shear and bearing. The Then by equating the strength of the joint per
bearing strength of the bolt will be governed by pitch length in shear on bolts to the net tensile
the thickness of the thinner plate. Hence, t = 10 strength of the flat, the pitch can be determined.
mm. Once, the pitch is known, the end-and edge-dis-
Strength of the bolt in single shear, tances will also be known and subsequently k, and
V_dsb = A_nb fub/ √3 Ymb = (245 x 400 /√3 x 1.25 strength of bolt in bearing can be determined. If
)x 10^-3 = 45.26 kN the value of the bearing strength of the bolt
Strength of the joint per pitch length in shear = 2 comes out lesser than the shear strength of the
x 45.26 90.52 kN (Refer to Fig. Ex. 7.4; two bolts bolt, the design will need a revision, which of
fall in one pitch) course will be rare except for double cover butt
Strength of the bolt in bearing, Vdpb = 2.5 k_b dt joints.
fu/Ymb The bolts will be in single shear. V ab =Anb f ub
Here, kb is least of e/3d_o= 33/2*22 = 0.50 p/3d_o - /sqrt 3 gamma mb =245* 400 /sqrt 3 *1.25 =45.26kN
0.25 = 50/3*22 - 0.25 = 0.50 Number of bolts required = 250/45.26 =5.52 or 6
Arrange the bolts in three lines as shown in Fig.
f_ub/f_u = 400/410 = 0.975 and 1.0 Ex. 7.5.
Hence, k+ 0.50. Now, strength of the joint per pitch length on the
The end distance e has been assumed to be for basis of shear on bolts = 2 * 45.26 = 90.52kN
rolled edge from Table 7.3. Equating this to the net tensile strength of the flat
V_dpb= 2.5 x 0.50 x 20 x 10 x 410/1.25 x 10^-3 = per pitch length,
82kN
Strength of the joint per pitch length in bearing= T de =0.9 f_u/ Y_m1 (p-d_h)t=90.52*10^ 3 or 0.9 *
2x 82.0 164.0 kN 410/1.25 * (p - 22) * 8 = 90.52 * 10 ^ 3
The net tensile strength of plate per pitch length, p = 60.32mm \approx 65mm > 2.5 * 20 mm (i.e. 50
T = 0.9 (fu/Ym1)An =0.9 (fu/Ym1)(p-d_h)t = 0.9 x mm)
410/1.25x (100-22) x 10 x 10^-3=230.25 kN Hence, which is all right.
the strength of the joint per pitch length = 90.52 Now, edge distance available =1/2 (210-2 x 65) = 40
kN mm
Strength of solid plate per pitch length = 0.9 x k_{b} is least of e/(3d) = 40/(3 * 22) = 0.6 p/(3d) -
410/125 x 100 x 10 x 10^-3 = 295.2 kN 0.25 = 65/(3 * 22) - 0.25 = 0.73
Efficiency of the joint = 90.52 /295.2 x 100= 30.66%
f_ub/ fu = 400 /410 =0.975; Hence, and 1.0.
4.1.3 Two flats (Fe 410 Grade Steel), each 210 mm x k_{b} = 0.6
8 mm, are to be jointed using 20 mm diameter, 4.6 Strength of the bolt in bearing, V dpb =2.5 k_b dt
grade bolts, to form a lap joint. The joint is (f u/ Y mb) =2.5*0.6*20*8*( 410 /1.25 )*10^ -3 =78.72
supposed to transfer a factored load of 250 kN. kN > 45.26kN
Design the joint and determine suitable pitch for
the bolts. Hence, the design needs no revision
4.1.4
For Fe 410 grade of steel: fu = 410 MPa 4.1.5 Design joint B of a roof truss as shown in
For bolts of grade 4.6: fub=400 MPa Fig. Ex. 7.9(i). The members are connected with 16
For 20 mm diameter bolt:Anb= 245 mm² and dh mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6 to the gusset plate
and do = 22 mm 12 mm thick.
(From Table 7.1)
(From Table 7.3)

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 IS 800-2007

4.1.6 For Fe 410 grade of steel: f_u = 410 MPa The member is single angle section ISA 75 mm x
For bolts of grade 4.6 f_ub = 400 MPa 75 mm x 8 mm and is connected to a 12 mm thick
For 16 mm diameter bolt: A_ub = 157 mm² (From gusset plate. The bolts will be in single shear and
Table 7.1) bearing against 8 mm thick angle leg (least of 8
d_h and d_o = 18 mm (From Table 7.3) mm and 12 mm).
Hence, strength of the bolt will be 29.0 kN (least
of 29.0 kN and 70.32 kN) Number of bolts
Strength of bolt in single shear, V_dsb = A_ub required = 110 29 = 3.794 The details of the connec-
(f_ub/(√3 Y_mb)) = 157 x 400/(√3 x 1.25) x 10^-3 = tions of the members are shown in Fig. Ex. 7.9(ii).
29.0 kN
4.1.7 The connection shown in Fig. Ex. 7.14 uses 20
Strength of bolt in double shear = 2 x 29 = 58.0 kN mm diameter 10.9S grade bolts with threads in the
Strength of bolt in bearing, = 2.5 f kdt shear plane to connect an ISF 150 x 12 mm with
Ymbk is least of e 40 3d, 3 x 18 = 0.975; and 1.0. P = gusset plate. Determine the strength of the joint if
0.74; 0.25 = 3d (Assuming e 40 mm and p = 50 mm) (a) Slip is not permitted
Hence, k1 = 0.67 50 3 x 18 0.25= (b) Slip is permitted
Block shear strength of the joint need not be
0.67; Jb400 f 410 considered.
Strength of 16 mm diameter bolt in bearing on 4.1.8 For Fe 410 grade of steel: fu = 410 MPa
(i) 16 mm, Vaph = 2.5 x 0.67 x 16 x 6 x 410 1.25 x For 10.9 grade bolts: f ub = 1040 MPa
10-3 52.74 kN A nb = 245 mm²
(ii) = 8 mm, Valpb = 2.5 x 0.67 x 16 x 8 x 410 1.25 x (from Table 7.2)
103 70.32 KN (from Table 7.1)
(iii) 12 mm, Vapb = 2.5 x 0.67 x 16 x 12 x 410 1.25 x (a) Slip-critical connection (slip is not permitted)
103 105.48 kN Proof load, Slip resistance of bolt
Member AB: Factored force = 180 kN F = A x 0.7 fb = 245 x 0.7 x 1040 x 10 178.36 kN
The member is composed of double angle section Slip resistance of 20 mm diameter bolt = μ f x n e
ISA 70 mm x 70 mm x 10 mm and is connected on k h F o / Y mf
the opposite sides of a 12 mm thick gusset plate.
The bolts will be in double shear and will bear Let us assume = mu f = 0.5, Κ h = 1 μ1 n = 1, Y mf =
against the 12 mm thick (least of 12 and 2 x 10 1.25,
mm) gusset plate. (at ultimate load)
Hence, strength of the bolt will be least of 58.0 Slip resistance of 20 mm diameter bolt = 0.5 ×1 ×1 ×
kN and 105.48 kN, i.e., 58.0 kN 178.36 / 1.25 = 71.34 kN
Number of bolts required = 180 58 = 3.10 4
Factored force = 225 kN There are 4 bolts in the joint. Hence, strength of
Member BC: the connection = 4 x 71.34 = 285.36 kN
The member is composed of double angle section
ISA 80 mm x 80 mm x 10 mm and in connected on (b) Bearing-type connection (slip is permitted)
the opposite sides of a 12 mm thick gusset plate. Strength of the bolt in single shear,
As described above for member AB, the strength V dsb = A nb f ub/√3 Y mb = 245 x 1040 √3 x 1.25
of bolt will be 58.0 kN. x 10^-3 = 117.68 kN
225 Number of bolts required = = 3.876 4 58.0 Strength of the bolt in bearing,
Member BD: Factored force = 75 kN (Let k = 1)
The member is single angle section ISA 60 mm x V dsb= 2.5 x k b x dt x f u/ Y mb= 2.5 x 1 x 20 x 12
60 mm x 6 mm and is connected to a 12 mm thick x 410/ 1.25 x 10^-3 = 196.8 kN
gusset plate. The bolts will be in single shear and Strength of the bolt will be minimum of strength
bearing against 6 mm thick angle leg (least of 6 in shear and bearing. Hence, the strength of 20
mm and 12 mm). Hence, strength of the bolt will mm diameter bolt is 117.68 kN.
be 29.0 kN (least of 29.0 kN and 52.74 kN) There are 4 bolts in the joint.
Number of bolts required Hence, strength of the connection = 4 x 117.68 =
75 470.72 kN.
= = 2.583
29
Member BE: Factored force = 110 kN

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 IS 800-2007

4.1.9 A tie member in a truss girder is 250 mm x 14 herefore, the weld will be designed to transmit a
mm in size. It is welded to a 10 mm thick gusset force equal to 222.27 kN.
plate by a fillet weld. The overlap of the member The force to be resisted by the weld at the lower
is 300 mm and the weld size is 6 mm. Determine side of the angle,
the design strength of the joint, if the welding is
done as shown in Fig. Ex. 8.3. What is the increase P1 = (222.27(80 - 27.3))/80 = 146.42kN
in strength of the joint, if welding is done all
around. Assume shop welding. The force to be resisted by the weld at the upper
side of the angle,
P2 = (222.27 * 27.3)/80 =75.849kN = 75.85
4.2.1 kN
For E 250 grade steel: fu = 410 MPa and fy = 250
MPa Let us assume the size of weld, S = 6 mm
For shop weld: partial safety factor for material, Effective throat thickness of the weld, tt = KS = 0.7
Ymw = 1.25 x 6 = 4.2 mm ( >3 mm)
Effective length of the weld, Lw = 2 x 300 + 250 =
850 mm The design strength of the weld,
Effective throat thickness, tt = KS = 0.7 x 6 = 4.2 Pdw=lw * tt * fu / (√3 Ymw)
mm Pdw1= P1 = 146.42 x 10^3 = lw1 x
4.2 x 410 / (√3 x 1.5)
Design strength of the weld, Pdw = lw * tt * fu /
√3 Ymw Lw1 = 220.91 mm =~ 221 mm

= (850 x 4.2 x 410 / √3 x 1.25 )x 10^-3 = 676.05 kN and Pdw2 = P2 = 75.85 x 10³ = LW2 × 4.2 x 410 / (√3
x 1.5)
When the welding is done all around, Iw2 = 114.44 mm = 115 mm
Effective length of the weld, Lw1 = 2 × (300 + 250)
= 1100 mm Example 8.8 Design the fillet weld for the angle
Design strength of the weld, P dwl = Iw1 * tt *( fu section of Ex. 8.7, if the weld is
/√3 Ymw) to be done on its three sides as shown in Fig. Ex.
= 1100 * 4.2 * 410/(√(3) * 1.25) * 10 ^ - 3 = 874.89kN 8.8.

Increase in the strength of the joint = 874.89 - Solution

676.05 = 198.84 kN For steel for grade Fe 410: fu = 410 MPa For site
weld: partial safety factor for material
3.1.2 A tie member consisting of an ISA 80 mm x Ymw = 1.5
50 mm x 8 mm (Fe 410 grade steel) is fillet welded
to a 12 mm thick gusset plate at site. Design welds Total weld length = lw1 + lw2 + 80 mm
to transmit load equal to the design strength of The strength of the weld required = the design
the member. strength of the tie member
= 222.27 kN
For Fe 410 grade steel: fu = 410 MPa, fy = 250 MPa
Design strength of the weld, Tdw = Lw*Tt * fu/(√
3.1.3 3*Ymw)
Partial safety factor against yielding, Ymo = 1.10
For site welding: partial safety factor for material, Design strength of 6 mm (Tt = 0.7 x 6 = 4.2 mm)
Ymw = 1.5 From IS Handbook No. 1, the relevant weld per mm length
properties of ISA 80 mm x 50 mm x 8 mm are = 1 * 4.2 * 410/(√(3) * 1.5) = 662.79kN
.
Ag = 978 mm², Czz = 27.3 mm
Equating the strength of weld to the load,
The design strength of the member governed by (lw1+lw2+80) × 662.79 = 222.27 × 10^3
yielding of gross section, Iw1+Iw2 = 255.355 mm = 256 mm
Tdg = Ag* (fy/ Ymo) = 978 x 250 / 1.1 x 10^-3 =
222.27 kN

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 IS 800-2007

Now, taking moment about top edge of angle 4.2.5 , For Fe 410 grade of steel: fu = 410 MPa
section, For site weld: partial safety factor for material
662.79*80* 80 / 2 + 662.79* lw1 * 80 = Ymw = 1.5
222.27 * 10 ^ 3 * (80 - 27.3) . From I.S. Handbook No. 1, the relevant properties
of ISLC 300 @ 324.7 N/m are,
Lw1 = 180.91 = 181 mm
Hence, Lw2 = 256 - 181 = 75 mm Ag = 4211 mm², tf = 11.6 mm, tw = 6.7 mm

4.2.2 A tie member of a truss consists of double Maximum size of weld = 6.7 - 1.5 = 5.2 mm
angle section, each 80 mm x 80 mm x 8 mm Minimum size of weld = 5 mm (for 12 mm
welded on the opposite side of a 12 mm thick thick plate)
gusset plate as shown in Fig. Ex. 8.9. Design a Let us provide 5 mm size fillet weld.
fillet weld for making the connection in the Effective throat thickness = KS = 0.7 x 5 =
workshop. The factored tensile force in the 3.5 mm
member is 300 kN.
Design strength of weld, Pdw = Lw * Tt * (fu /√3 *
4.2.3 Ymw)
For E 250 grade steel: fu = 410 MPa
For shop weld partial safety factor for material, Strength of weld per mm length = 1 * 3.5 *
Ymw = 1.25 410/(√(3) * 1.5) = 552.33N / mm
Let the lengths of the welds at the top and bottom
of the angle section be lw1 and Iw2, respectively Length of the weld required, lw = (900 * 10 ^ 3)/
for each angle. 552.33 =1629.46 mm = 1630 mm

Total length of weld = 2 x (lw1 + lw2) Because of the restriction of 350 mm overlap the
Minimum size of weld = 5 mm length of weld that can be provided in the usual
(for 12 mm thick plate) way is
= 2 x 350 + 300 = 1000 mm < 1630 mm
Maximum size of weld=8 - 1.5 = 6.5 mm Hence, let us provide slot welds
Provide width of slot = 25 mm
Let us provide 5 mm weld size. (3t = 3 x 6.7 = 20.1 mm or 25 mm which- ever is
Effective throat thickness, Tt= KS = 0.7 * 5 = 3.5mm greater)

Design strength of weld, Let us provide two slots and let the length of slot
be l1.
Pdw = Lw * Tt * (fu /√3 * Ymw) 1630 = 2 x 350 + 300 + 4l1

Design strength of weld per mm length of weld ог l1 = 157.5 = 158 mm

= 1 * 3.5 * 410/(√(3) * 1.25) = Provide 158 mm x 25 mm slots, two in numbers as
662.79N / mm shown in Fig. Ex. 8.10.

Equating the design strength of the weld to the

factored tensile force,
662.79 x 2 (lw1 + lw2) = 300 x 10^3
Iw1 + lw2 = 226.31 mm

Taking moment about line xx,

662.79 * 2 lw1 * 80 = 300 * 10 ^ 3 * 22.7

Or, l w1 = 64.21mm = 65mm

l w2 =226.31 - 64.21=162.10 = 165mm

4.2.4 An ISLC 300 @ 324.7 N/m (Fe 410 grade of

steel) is to carry a factored tensile force of 900
kN. The channel section is to be site welded on
three sides to a gusset plate 12 mm thick. Design a
fillet weld, if the overlap is limited to 350 mm.

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