Food Composition Resource List for Professionals

December 2009
This publication is a collection of resources on the topic of food composition for professionals. The resources on this list are offered in a variety of information formats: databases, composition tables, books, journals, conference proceedings, and materials available on the World Wide Web. Because some food composition materials may not be regularly updated, and historical information may be of interest to many professionals, some materials date back to the late-1960s and 70s. Materials included in this list may be available to borrow from the National Agricultural Library (NAL). Lending and copy service information is provided at the end of this document. If you are not eligible for direct borrowing privileges, check with your local library on how to borrow through interlibrary loan. Materials cannot be purchased from NAL. Contact information is provided if you wish to purchase any applicable materials on this list. This Resource List is available from the Food and Nutrition Information Centers (FNIC) Web site at: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/pubs/bibs/gen/foodcomp.pdf. A complete list of FNIC publications can be found at http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/resourcelists. Table of Contents: USDA Databases and Publications A. General Databases B. Special Interest Databases C. Other II. International Food Composition Resources III. Books and Miscellaneous Publications IV. Conference Proceedings V. Journals and Newsletters A. Selected Journal Articles VI. Web sites A. Analytical Methods B. Nutrient Content of Foods C. Miscellaneous Resources VII. Contacts for Assistance I.

I. USDA Databases and Publications

The following databases and publications are available on the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Nutrient Data Laboratory home page (select Products & Services for a listing of available data sets): http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata A. General Databases USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/sr (updated annually) Search page: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/ Description: Searches nutrient data on over 7,500 different food items. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22 Nutrient Lists Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=18877 Description: Contains reports for single nutrients based on selected food items from the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID) Web site: http://dietarysupplementdatabase.usda.nih.gov/ Description: Provides estimated levels of ingredients in dietary supplement products. Developed in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Surveys 3.0 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=12089 Description: Contains foods, nutrient values and weights used to analyze data from the What We Eat in America survey, the dietary intake component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Updated biannually. Ground Beef Calculator Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=13933 Description: Calculates nutrient information for retail ground beef products containing 5% - 30% fat content. Nutritive Value of Foods, Home and Garden Bulletin No. 72 (HG-72) Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=6282 Description: Contains nutrient data on over 1,200 foods. Last published in 2002, it is no longer available in print, but can be viewed and/or downloaded in PDF format.

B. Special Interest Databases USDA Database for the Added Sugars Content of Selected Foods, Release 1 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=12107 USDA Database for the Choline Content of Common Foods, Release 2 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/choline USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods, Release 2.1 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/flavonoid USDA Database for the Isoflavone Content of Selected Foods, Release 2.0 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/isoflav USDA Database for the Proanthocyanidin Content of Selected Foods Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=5843 USDA National Fluoride Database of Selected Beverages and Foods, Release 2 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/fluoride Oxalic Acid Content of Selected Vegetables Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=9444 Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) of Selected Foods Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/ORAC C. Other USDA Food Composition Classics Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=9447 Description: Includes links to several older publications and handbooks describing the derivation of calorie factors, nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors, retention factors and others. Also includes the original tables on several food components, which have been incorporated into the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, such as the Provisional Table on the Vitamin K Content of Foods, Sugar Content of Selected Foods, Provisional Table on the Vitamin D Content of Foods, USDA-NCC Carotenoid Database for U.S. Foods, and Selected Foods Containing Trans Fatty Acids. USDA Table of Nutrient Retention Factors, Release 6 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=9448 Description: Provides factors for calculating nutrient retention of 26 vitamins, minerals, and alcohol during food preparation.

II. International Food Composition Resources

Many international food composition tables, previously published in book form, are now available on the Internet; this section includes both those resources available on the Internet, as well as those in book form. Many Web sites are in English, though a few are available only in the language of the country. Two organizations have compiled lists of international food composition resources and Web sites: one is INFOODS, and the other is LanguaL. Please note: The following is not intended to be a comprehensive listing of all available international food composition resources; both INFOODS and LanguaL include some of the resources listed individually here, in addition to many others. International Food Composition Tables Directory Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, International Network of Food Data Systems (INFOODS) Web site: http://www.fao.org/infoods/directory_en.stm LanguaL European Food Information Resource Network (EuroFIR) Web site: http://www.langual.org/ Food Composition Databases: http://www.langual.org/langual_linkcategory.asp?CategoryID=4&Category=Food+Comp osition ~~~~~~~~~~ Australian Food Composition Program Food Standards Australia New Zealand Web site: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/monitoringandsurveillance/foodcompositionprogram/in dex.cfm Canadian Nutrient File Health Canada Web site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/fiche-nutri-data/index-eng.php

The Composition of Chinese Foods Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene. G. Wang, B. Parpia, and Z. Wen, Editors. Washington, DC: ILSI Press, 1997, 334 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531.C662 ISBN: 0944398952 The Concise New Zealand (NZ) Food Composition Tables Crop & Food Research, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited Web site: http://www.crop.cri.nz/home/products-services/nutrition/foodcompdata/fcdproducts/fcd-food-comp-tables.php Danish Food Composition Databank Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute Web site: http://www.foodcomp.dk/v7/fcdb_default.asp EuroFIR (European Food Information Resource Network) European Commissions Research Directorate General Web site: http://www.eurofir.net Food Composition and Nutrition Tables, 7th Edition S.W. Souci, W. Fachmann, and H. Kraut Stuttgart, Germany: MedPharm Scientific Publishers, 2008, 1364 pp. NAL Call Number: TX551.S735 2008 ISBN: 9780849341410 Web site: http://www.sfk-online.net/cgi-bin/sfkstart.mysql?language=english Food Composition Database of South Africa Medical Research Council of South Africa Web site: http://www.mrc.ac.za/FoodComp/ Food Composition Table for Use in Africa U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Food Consumption and Planning Branch. 1968. 306 pp. NAL Call Number: TX551.N3 Web site: http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/X6877E/X6877E00.htm Food Composition Table for Use in East Asia U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Institutes of Health; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Food Policy and Nutrition Division. 1972. 334 pp. NAL Call Number: TX551.F687 Web site: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/X6878E/X6878E00.htm

Food Composition Tables for the Near East Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Food Policy and Nutrition Division; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Information Division. Rome, Italy: FAO, 1982, 265 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531.F61 ISBN: 9251012776 Web site: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6879e/x6879e00.HTM Irish Food Composition Database University College, Cork, Ireland, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science Web site: http://www.ucc.ie/en/ifcdb/ McCance and Widdowsons The Composition of Foods Integrated Dataset (CoF IDS), 6th Summary Edition Food Standards Agency of the United Kingdom Cambridge, England: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002. 537 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531.M332 2002 ISBN: 0854044280 Web site: http://www.food.gov.uk/science/dietarysurveys/dietsurveys/ Pacific Islands Food Composition Tables, 2nd Edition C.A. Dignan, B. Burlingame, S. Kumar, and W. Aalbersberg Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2004, 135 pp. NAL Call Number: TX360.O3 P33 2004 ISBN: 9251051380 Full text: http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5432e/y5432e00.HTM Ordering Information: http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5432e/y5432e0w.htm#bm32

III. Books and Miscellaneous Publications (in alphabetical order)

Bowes & Church's Food Values of Portions Commonly Used, 19th edition J.A.T. Pennington and J. Spungen Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2009. 480 pp. NAL Call Number: TX551 .P385 ISBN: 0781781345 Compiling Data for Food Composition Data Bases W.M. Rand, J.A.T. Pennington, S.P. Murphy, and J.C. Klensin Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 1991. 77 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531.C65 1991 ISBN: 9280807722 Full text: http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80772e/80772E00.htm

Food Composition J.M. Holden, J.M. Harnly, and G. Beecher In Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 9th Edition, Volume 1. Washington, DC: ILSI Press, 2006. 526 pp. ISBN: 1578812003 Food Composition Data: A Users Perspective W.M. Rand, C.T. Windham, B.W. Wyse, and V.R. Young Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 1987, 236 pp. ISBN: 9280806335 Full text: http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80633e/80633E00.htm Food Composition Data: Production, Management and Use, 2nd Edition H. Greenfield and D.A.T. Southgate Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003, 302 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531 .G84 2003 ISBN: 9789251049495 Full text (Parts 1 & 2): ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/008/y4705e/y4705e00.pdf Online Ordering: http://www.fao.org/icatalog/search/dett.asp?aries_id=104617&ch_lang=en Food Composition Study Guide, Volumes 1 and 2 U.R. Charrondiere, B. Burlingame, S. Berman, and I. Elmadfa Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2009, 224 pp. Description: Accompanies H. Greenfield and D.A.T. Southgate, Food Composition Data: Production, Management and Use (see previous). May be used for self-study or in conjunction with a food composition course, for evaluation or as a refresher course. Volume 1: Questions and Exercises E-ISBN: 978-92-5-106366-8 (PDF) Full text (PDF| 2 MB): http://www.fao.org/infoods/StudyGuideQuestionsExercises.pdf Volume 2: Answers E-ISBN: 978-92-5-106365-1 (PDF) Full text (PDF| 2.3 MB): http://www.fao.org/infoods/StudyGuideAnswers.pdf Identification of Food Components for INFOODS Data Interchange J.C. Klensin, D. Feskanich, V. Lin, A.S. Truswell, and D.A.T. Southgate Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 1989, 106 pp. NAL Call Number: TX341.F622 Suppl. no. 16 ISBN: 928080734x Full text: http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80734e/80734E00.htm

INFOODS Food Composition Data Interchange Handbook J.C. Klensin Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press, 1992, 170 pp. NAL Call Number: TX531.K58 1992 ISBN: 9280807749 Full text: http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80774e/80774E00.htm INFOODS Publications Web site: http://www.fao.org/infoods/publications_en.stm Nutrient Content of the U.S. Food Supply, 2005 H.A.B. Hiza, L. Bente, and T. Fungwe U.S. Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Home Economics Research Report No. 58. Washington, D.C. 2008. Full text (PDF|1.5 MB): http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/FoodSupply/FoodSupply2005Report.pdf Nutrient Content of the U.S. Food Supply, 1909-2004: A Summary Report H.A.B. Hiza and L. Bente U.S. Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Home Economics Research Report No. 57. Washington, D.C. 2007. Full text (PDF|295 KB): http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/publications/foodsupply/FoodSupply1909-2004Report.pdf Nutrient Value of Alaska Native Foods Elizabeth Nobmann Anchorage, AK: Alaska Area Native Health Service, 1993, 31 pp. Full text: http://consortiumlibrary.org/aml/publications/akfood.pdf

IV. Conference Proceedings

The proceedings of the following conferences contain a large volume of information on the development and status of food composition databases. National Nutrient Databank Conference Web site: http://www.nutrientdataconf.org/ Description: Held annually in the United States. List of proceedings available on the conference Web site.

International Food Data Conference Web site: http://www.fao.org/infoods/food_data_conf_en.stm Description: Held internationally every other year. Previously called the International Food Data Base Conference. Proceedings: Quality and accessibility of food-related data: proceedings of the First International Food Data Base Conference (Sydney, Australia, 1993). Arlington, VA: AOAC International. 1995. 311 pp. NAL Call Number: TX345.I634 1993 The Second International Food Data Base Conference: Food Composition Research The Broader Context. Lahti, Finland, August 28-30, 1995. Food Chemistry.1996; 57(1): 127-131. NAL Call Number: TX501.F6 Proceedings of the Third International Food Data Base Conference: Back to Basics. Rome, Italy, July 5-7, 1999. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2000;13(4): 283-762. NAL Call Number: TX501.J68 Proceedings to subsequent conferences are published in special issues of the Journal of Food Composition and Analysis (NAL Call Number: TX501.J68). International Conference on Diet and Activity Methods Web site: http://www.icdam.org Description: Held internationally every third year. Archives and proceedings available on the conference Web site. Previously called the International Conference on Dietary Assessment Methods.

V. Journals and Newsletters (in alphabetical order)

Many journals or newsletters are now available on the internet. Depending on the arrangements made by your organization, you may have access to full text articles. Otherwise reprints can be obtained by traditional methods. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition American Society for Nutrition Web site: http://www.ajcn.org/

Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion Latin American Nutrition Society Web site: http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?pid=0004-0622&script=sci_serial British Food Journal Emerald Group Publishing Limited Web site: http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mcb/070 Cereal Foods World AACC International Web site: http://www.aaccnet.org/ European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Nature Publishing Group Web site: http://www.nature.com/ejcn/index.html Food Chemistry Elsevier Web site: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03088146 Food Technology Institute of Food Technologists Web site: http://members.ift.org/IFT/Pubs/FoodTechnology/ Journal of the American Dietetic Association American Dietetic Association; Elsevier Web site: http://www.adajournal.org/ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry American Chemical Society Web site: http://pubs.acs.org/journals/jafcau/index.html Journal of Food Composition and Analysis International Network of Food Data Systems (INFOODS); Elsevier Web site: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08891575 Journal of Food Science Institute of Food Technologists Web site: http://members.ift.org/IFT/Pubs/JournalofFoodSci/ The Journal of Nutrition American Society for Nutrition Web site: http://jn.nutrition.org/

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Nutrition Action Health Letter Center for Science in the Public Interest Web site: http://www.cspinet.org/nah/index.htm Nutrition and Food Science Emerald Group Publishing Limited Web site: http://info.emeraldinsight.com/products/journals/journals.htm?id=nfs Nutrition Today Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Web site: www.nutritiontodayonline.com/ Trends in Food Science & Technology Elsevier Web site: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09242244 A. Selected Journal Articles (in reverse chronological order) Various articles and presentations by the staff of USDAs Nutrient Data Laboratory are available on its Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Aboutus/docs.htm?docid=6253. USDAs Nutrient Databank System A tool for handling data from diverse sources. D.B. Haytowitz, L.E. Lemar, P.R. Pehrsson. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(5): 433-441. 2009. Full text: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12354500/Articles/JFCA22_433-441.pdf Applications of food composition data: data sources and considerations for use. J.A.T. Pennington. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 21(Suppl. 1): S3-S12. 2008. The National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program: a decade of progress. D.B. Haytowitz, P.R. Pehrsson, and J.M. Holden. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 21(Supp. 1): S94-S102. 2008. Full text: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12354500/Articles/JFCA21_S94-S102.pdf Food composition data: the foundation of dietetic practice and research. J.A.T. Pennington, et al. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107(12): 21052113. 2007. Identifying food components: INFOODS tagnames and other component identification systems. U.R. Charrondiere and B. Burlingame. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20(8): 713-716. 2007.

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Consequences of changes in the Dietary Reference Intakes for nutrient databases. S.E. Gebhardt and J.M. Holden. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19(Suppl. 1): S91-S95. 2006. Full text: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12354500/Articles/jfca19_S91S95.pdf The effect of improved food composition data on intake estimates in the United States of America. J.K.C. Ahuja, J.D. Goldman, and B.P. Perloff. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19(Suppl.1): S7-S13. 2006. The history of food composition databases. S.M. Church. Nutrition Bulletin, 31(1): 15-20. 2006. Quality-control materials in the USDA National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program (NFNAP). K.M. Phillips, et al. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 384(6): 1341-1355. 2006. Full text: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12354500/Articles/AnalBioaanlChem_QC Paper.pdf Development of a database of critically evaluated flavonoids data: application of USDAs data quality evaluation system. J.M. Holden, et al. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 18: 829-844, 2005. Full text: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/jfca18_829-884.pdf Fostering quality data in food composition databases: visions for the future. B. Burlingame. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 17(3-4): 251-258. 2004. The identification of key foods for food composition research. D.B. Haytowitz, P.R. Pehrsson, and J.M. Holden. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(2): 183-194. 2002. Full text: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/JFCA15_183-194.pdf Development of a multi-nutrient data quality evaluation system. J.M. Holden, S.A. Bhagwat, and K.Y. Patterson. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15:339-348. 2002. Full text: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/jfca15_339-348.pdf Element and radionuclide concentrations in food: FDA Total Diet Study 19911996. S.G. Capar and W.C. Cunningham. Journal of AOAC International, 83(1):157177. 2000.

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Adapting methods for determining priorities for the analysis of foods in diverse populations. D.B. Haytowitz, P.R. Pehrsson, and J.M. Holden. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 13(4):425-433. 2000. Full text: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/jfca13_425-433.pdf Historical changes in the mineral content of fruits and vegetables. A.M. Mayer. British Food Journal, 99(6):207-211. 1997. Procedures for estimating nutrient values for food composition databases. S.F. Schakel, I.M. Buzzard, and S.E. Gebhardt. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 10 (2):102-114. 1997. Full text: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/Other/jfca10_102-114.pdf From the composition of foods using chemical analysisto micronutrients and beyond. A.F. Walker. British Journal of Nutrition, 78(suppl.):S73-S80. 1997.

VI. Web Sites

A. Analytical Methods AOAC (Association of Analytical Communities) International Web site: http://www.aoac.org AOCS (American Oil Chemists Society) Web site: http://www.aocs.org/tech/methods.cfm USDA Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fcmdl B. Nutrient Content of Foods These Web sites allow you to look up the nutrient content of various foods. Many are based on the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, but may contain additional data added by their developers and provide various presentations allowing the user to assess his/her diet. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22 USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Nutrient Data Laboratory Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata/sr (updated annually) Search page: http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/ Description: Allows users to look up foods in the latest release of the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference.

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What's In The Foods You Eat Search Tool, 3.0 USDA, ARS, Food Surveys Research Group Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=17032 Description: Offers nutrient profiles for 13,000 foods commonly eaten in the U.S. Based on the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies used to process and analyze What We Eat in America, NHANES dietary intake data. Underlying food composition data are from the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. MyPyramid Tracker USDA, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion Web site: http://www.mypyramidtracker.gov/ Description: Uses an online assessment tool to assess diet quality and physical activity status based on principles of the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Also provides related nutrition messages and links to nutrient and physical activity information. Nutrition Analysis Tool 2.0 (NAT) University of Illinois, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Web site: http://www.nat.uiuc.edu/mainnat.html Description: Analyzes nutrient information in a variety of foods using a free, Webbased program. Database is composed of foods from USDA Agricultural Handbook #8 and information from food companies. NutritionData Cond Nast Digital Web site: http://www.nutritiondata.com Description: Computes the nutrient content of foods or recipes, and lets the user track and share food consumption data. Nutrient information comes from USDA's National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference and is supplemented by listings provided by restaurants and food manufacturers. CalorieKing Food Database CalorieKing Wellness Solutions, Inc. Web site: http://www.calorieking.com/foods/ Description: Contains nutrient data on generic, brand-name, and fast-food items for more than 50,000 foods. Developed by the publishers of The Doctor's Pocket Calorie, Fat & Carbohydrate Counter.

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C. Miscellaneous Resources Food Composition USDA, National Agricultural Library, Food and Nutrition Information Center Web site: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=1&tax_subject= 279 Description: Lists multiple food composition resources by topic area, including those from USDAs Nutrient Data Laboratory and USDAs Agricultural Research Service Food Surveys Research Group, in addition to other resources on individual nutrients, international food composition resources, and information on individual foods. Nutrient Content of the U.S. Food Supply USDA, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion Web site: http://65.216.150.148/ifs/ Description: Provides per capita estimates for nutrient content of the U.S. food supply from 1909 through 2005 using an interactive database. Nutrient Changes Over Time: Frequently Asked Questions USDA, National Agricultural Library, Food and Nutrition Information Center Web site: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nutrientchanges Description: Answers questions related to changes in nutrient content of crops over time, including the effect of soil and other agricultural factors on nutrient content.

VII. Contacts for Assistance

Food and Nutrition Information Center National Agricultural Library, ARS, USDA 10301 Baltimore Avenue, Room 105 Beltsville, MD 20705 Phone: (301) 504-5414 Fax: (301) 504-6409 Contact: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/contact Web site: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov Food companies, grocery chains, and restaurant franchises - Contact the companys consumer affairs department concerning nutrient and energy (caloric) content of their products. Check food labels for addresses and Web sites.

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Nutrient Data Laboratory Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center USDA-ARS 10300 Baltimore Avenue Building 005, Room 107, BARC-West Beltsville, MD 20705 Phone: (301) 504-0630 Fax: (301) 504-0632 Contact: http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/docs.htm?docid=4445 Web site: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata

This resource list was compiled by David Haytowitz, MSc., Nutritionist, Nutrient Data Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS, USDA. Acknowledgement is given to the following FNIC reviewers: Sara Wilson, MS, RD, Nutrition Information Specialist Cathy Alessi, RD, Nutrition Information Specialist Shirley King Evans, M.Ed, RD, Acting Nutrition and Food Safety Program Leader Locate additional FNIC publications at http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/resourcelists.

Food and Nutrition Information Center Agricultural Research Service, USDA National Agricultural Library, Room 105 10301 Baltimore Avenue Beltsville, MD 20705-2351 Phone: 301-504-5414 Fax: 301-504-6409 TTY: 301-504-6856 Contact: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/contact Web site: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/

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The National Agricultural Library (NAL) provides lending and photocopying services to U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) employees. Non-USDA users can obtain materials from NAL through the interlibrary lending services of their local, corporate, or university library. For further information on NALs document delivery services visit their Web site at http://www.nal.usda.gov/services/request.shtml. For questions on document delivery services please call 301-504-5717 or submit a question at http://www.nal.usda.gov/services/ask.php. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication (or page) is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 800-795-3272 (voice) or 202-401-0216 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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