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Advanced Lesson 4 - Second and Third Conditional

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21 views12 pages

Advanced Lesson 4 - Second and Third Conditional

Uploaded by

xavier
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Welcome students!

LESSON 4
SECOND AND THIRD
CONDITIONAL
Teacher Alessandro
Odoardi
Previously, we studied how conditionals were made up of
two clauses: The condition and the result. The Zero
Conditional (or Present Real Conditional) informs us about a
condition and a reality. On the other hand, the First
Conditional (or Future Real Conditional) proposes a cause-
effect situation.

Examples:
a) If you drink coffee at night,
you don't sleep well (reality) [0]
b) If she passes the test, her mother
will be really happy (effect) [1]
PRESENT UNREAL
CONDITIONAL
(SECOND CONDITIONAL)
CONDITIONALS:
Second Conditional
We use the Present Unreal Conditional (or Second Conditional) to talk
about unlikely situations that we hypothetically expect to happen. The
structure is this one:

If(+)subject(+)verb in past(+)complement,
subject(+)could/might/would(+)verb(+)complement

Example:
If I were a plant, I would love the rain.
MORE EXAMPLES

a) If I didn't work, I would exercise more.


b) If you asked him, he might be able to do it.
c) If I were Italian, I would eat pizza everyday.
d) If you really loved me, you would
buy me a diamond ring.
e) If I were the Queen of Denmark, I
would give my friends a Nordic visa.
f) If I knew where she lived, I would
go to see her.
ADVISING OR WARNING

You can also use the Second Conditional to advise or warn someone,
regarding that person's position.

Examples:
a) If I had your grades, I might apply to a scholarship.
b) If I were you, I wouldn’t invest my money like this.
c) If I were her, I’d apologize for being late.
d) If I were you, I would dump him and find a new
boyfriend!
e) If I knew her well, I could talk to Nancy more
often. You should do it.
FIRST vs SECOND CONDITIONAL

Look at the following examples:


If I win the lottery, I’ll buy you a house.
If I won the lottery, I would buy you a house.
Do you know the difference between these sentences?

Well, the first one (1st conditional) suggests that I have


a lottery ticket. I’m speaking about a specific lottery
draw. I have a ticket for this Saturday’s lottery and if I
win, I’ll buy you a house!

The second one (2nd conditional) is talking about this


in general, in a hypothetical way, not a specific lottery
event.
PAST UNREAL
CONDITIONAL
(THIRD CONDITIONAL)
CONDITIONALS:
Third Conditional
We use the Past Unreal Conditional (or Third Conditional) when we talk
about things that happened in the past (they can't be changed). But we
revise, regret or critize on them through hypothetical situations. The
structure is this one:

If(+)subject(+)had(+)past participle(+)complement,
subject(+)would/could/might(+)have(+)past participle(+)complement

Example: If I had saved money, I could have gone on holiday.


MORE EXAMPLES

a) If I had remembered it was your birthday,


I would have bought you a present.
b) If we had had time, we might have gone
to the beach.
c) If she had studied, she could have passed
the exam.
d) If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have
missed the plane.
SECOND vs THIRD CONDITIONAL

The difference between the 2nd and 3rd


conditional is all about time. Look at these
examples:
If she had money, she would buy the house.
If she had had money, she would have
bought the house.

The first example (2nd conditional) is talking about


the present or future. The second example (3rd
conditional is talking about the past.

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