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Synchronous Motor

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Mir Muahtasim Islam
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11 views16 pages

Synchronous Motor

Uploaded by

Mir Muahtasim Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 Input is electrical power. Stator is input terminal.

 Output is mechanical power. Rotor is output terminal.


 Output speed is constant irrespective of the load and is equal to synchronous speed.
 Output speed can be controlled precisely by controlling the frequency of the input electrical
frequency and the speed of the motor is given by
120𝑓𝑒
𝑛𝑚= 𝑛𝑠𝑦𝑛= rpm
𝑃

Torque-speed characteristic
 If rotor is rotated in the same direction of
 Stator is input terminal. 3 phase AC is
supplied which creates a rotating magnetic rotating magnetic field then the poles of
field stator magnetic field attracts the opposite
poles of the rotor. Rotor and stator is locked
 Rotor is output terminal. It can be permanent in synchronism.
magnet or electromagnet.
 Rotor then moves at the speed of stator
magnetic field or synchronous speed

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vk2jDXxZIhs
 But if there is no initial rotation of the rotor, the
motor does not start because of inertia of the rotor
 So a damper winding is used which is a squirrel
cage. It starts the motor based on the same
principle of induction motor.
 Once the motor reaches near-synchronous speed,
rotor coil is energized making it an
electromagnet.
 Machine is now locked in synchronism and no
current flows in the damper winding
Torque-speed characteristic
Initially operating on leading PF
As 𝐼𝐹 is unchanged 𝐸𝐴 is unchanged
𝑉𝜑 is unchanged As 𝐸𝐴 and 𝑉𝜑 is constant, as P increases sin∂ or ∂ must increase
Therefore 𝐼𝐴 is increases and becomes more lagging
𝐼𝐿
∆ connected 𝐼𝐴 =
3
𝜃 = (cos−1 0.8)
The angle of current is positive because leading pf
Now we don‘t know
the new pf so
calculate ∂
𝐸𝐴 and 𝑉𝜑 is constant

∆ connected 𝐼𝐿 = 𝐼𝐴 ∗ √3
𝑝𝑓 = cos 𝜃
Initially operating on lagging PF
As 𝐼𝐹 changes 𝐸𝐴 changes
𝑃 ∝ 𝐼𝐴 cos 𝜃 ∝ 𝐸𝐴 sin 𝜕 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝜑 is unchanged
𝐼𝐴 becomes more leading

Consumes Q
Under excited

Supplies Q
over excited
Now we don‘t know the
new pf so calculate ∂
𝑃 ∝ 𝐸𝐴 sin 𝜕 is constant
For lagging pf 𝜃 is positive

For leading pf 𝜃 is negative

Synchronous motor can be used to correct a pf of a system


To calculate transmission line current use From trigonometry
𝑄 = 𝑃 ∗ tan 𝜃
𝑄
𝜃 = tan−1
𝑃
We need to calculate the pf of the total system first
We need to calculate the pf of the total system first
𝑄
Pf=cos 𝜃 and 𝜃 = tan−1 𝑃

For lagging pf 𝜃 is positive


For leading pf 𝜃 is negative
Synchronous motors are not self starting

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