NATIONAL

SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

MATHEMATICS P1

NOVEMBER 2009

MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 150

This memorandum consists of 17 pages.

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Mathematics/P1 2 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 1

1.1.1 x ( x − 4) = 5
x 2 − 4x − 5 = 0 3 standard form
( x − 5)( x + 1) = 0 3 factors
x = 5 or x = −1 3 both answers
(3)
1.1.2 4 x − 20 x + 1 = 0
2

− (−20) ± (−20) 2 − 4(4)(1) 3 substitution into

x=
2(4) formula
20 ± 384
x= 3 384
8
x = 4,95 or x = 0,05 3 3 answers
(4)
1.1.3 y = x−3
x 2 − x = 6 + ( x − 3) 9y=x–3
9 substitution
x2 − 2x − 2 = 0
( x − 3)( x + 1) = 0 9 factors
x = 3 or x = −1
y = 0 or y = −4 99 answers
Solutions are (x ; y) = (3 ; 0) or (– 1 ; – 4) (6)
OR
OR
3 x = y+3
x = y+3
3 substitution
( y + 3) 2 − ( y + 3) = 6 + y
y2 + 6 y + 9 − y − 3 = 6 + y
3 simplify
y2 + 4 y = 0
y ( y + 4) = 0 3factors
y = 0 or y = −4
x = 3 or x = −1 3 3answers
Solutions are (x ; y) = (3 ; 0) or (– 1 ; – 4) (6)
OR
OR
y = x−3
3 y = x−3
y = x2 − x − 6
y = ( x − 3)( x + 2) 3 factorise
y = y ( x + 2) 3 substitution
x + 2 = 1 or y=0 3equal
x = −1 or x=3
y = −4 3 3answers
Solutions are (x ; y) = (3 ; 0) or (– 1 ; – 4) (6)
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Mathematics/P1 3 DoE/November 2009
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1.2 m + n = 7 + 48
9 squaring both
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 48 sides
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 2 12 9 equating numbers
and surds
m+n = 7
mn = 12 99 squaring both
( m + n) = 7
2 2 sides in m + n = 7

m 2 + 2mn + n 2 = 49
m 2 + n 2 = 49 − 2mn
= 49 − 2(12)
= 25 9 answer
(5)
OR OR

m + n = 7 + 48
9 squaring both
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 48 sides of m + n = 7
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 2 12 9 equating numbers
m + n = 7 and mn = 12 are possible solutions and surds
m = 7−n n = 7−m
99 solving
n(7 − n) = 12 m(7 − m) = 12 simultaneously for
n 2 − 7n + 12 = 0 m 2 − 7m + 12 = 0 m and n
or
(n − 4)(n − 3) = 0 (m − 4)(m − 3) = 0
n = 4 or n = 3 m = 4 or m = 3
m = 3 or m = 4 n = 3 or n = 4

9 answer
∴ m 2 + n 2 = 32 + 4 2
(5)
= 25
OR
OR
99 squaring both
m + n = 7 + 48 sides of m + n = 7
99 answers for m
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 48 and n
m + 2 mn + n = 7 + 2 12
By inspection
(m ; n) = (4 ; 3) or (3 ; 4)
∴ m 2 + n 2 = 32 + 4 2 9 answer
(5)
= 25 [18]

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Mathematics/P1 4 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 2

2.1 20 ; 24 ; 28 ; 32 ; … 3 sequence
4 4 4

T n = 20 + (n – 1) 4 3 T0
100 = 20 + 4n – 4
4n = 84
n = 21
On the 21st day she will cycle 100 km. 3 21 days
(3)
OR OR

Tn = 4n + 16
100 = 4n + 16
4n = 84 (Answer only – full
n = 21 marks)
On the 21st day she will cycle 100 km.

OR
100 = 20 + 80
= 20 + 4(21 – 1)
∴ n = 21
2.2 n
S n = [ 2a + (n − 1)d ] 3 formula
2
14 3 substitution
S14 = [2(20) + (14 − 1)4]
2 3 answer
= 644 km (3)
2.3 No. 3 no
It will not be humanly possible to just keep on increasing the distance 3 reason
covered indefinitely. For example: T1 000 = 4 016 km in one day. (2)
[8]

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Mathematics/P1 5 DoE/November 2009
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QUESTION 3

3.1 45 3 answer
(1)
3.2 Tn = an + bn + c
2

Second difference of terms is 2. 9 value of a

a=1
9 substitution
3a + b = 7 9 value of b
3+b = 7 9 substitution
b=4 9 value of c
(5)
a+b+c = 5
1+ 4 + c = 5
c=0
Tn = n 2 + 4n
OR OR
Tn = an + bn + c
2

Second difference of terms is 2.

a=1 9 value of a
T0 = 0 = c 99 value of c

Tn = n 2 + bn + 0
5 = (1) 2 + (1)b 9 substitution
9 value of b
b=4
(5)
Tn = n + 4n
2

OR OR

If Tn = an 2 + bn + c
9 setting up
5 = T1 = a + b + c a =1 equations
⇒ 3a + b = 7
12 = T2 = 4a + 2b + c ⇒b = 4 9 simultaneous
⇒ 5a + b = 9
21 = T3 = 9a + 3b + c c=0 equations
999answers
(5)
[6]

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Mathematics/P1 6 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 4

4.1 S = a + ar + ar 2 + ... + ar n −1 9 setting up of S

9 rS
rS = ar + ar 2 + ... + ar n −1 + ar n
S − rS = a − ar n 9 subtraction
S (1 − r ) = a(1 − r n ) 99 common factors

a (1 − r n ) 9 division
S=
1− r (6)
4.2.1 5
15 ; 5 ; ;…
3
5 1 3 value of r
r= =
15 3
3 explanation
The series converges because – 1< r < 1
(2)
4.2.2 15
S∞ = 3 a = 15
1
1− 3 substitution into
3
correct formula
45
= 3answer
2 (3)
4.3.1 S 24 = 2 24 + 2 − 4
3 answer
= 67108860
(1)
24 + 2
4.3.2 S 24 = 2 − 4 = 67108860 3 both sums
S 23 = 2 23+ 2 − 4 = 33554428
T 24 = 33554432 3 answer
(2)
OR OR
T24 = S 24 − S 23
3 both sums
= 2 26 − 2 25
= 2 × 2 25 − 2 25
= 2 25 3 answer
(2)

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Mathematics/P1 7 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

4.3.3 a = S1 = 21+ 2 − 4 = 4 3a=4

T 2 = S 2 − S1 = 2 2 + 2 − 4 − 4 = 8
3 second term
8
r= =2
4 3 answer
∴ Tn = 4( 2) n −1 (3)
OR OR
T1 = S1 = 2 1+ 2
−4= 4=2 2 9a=4
9 develop pattern
T2 = 8 = 2 3
T3 = 16 = 2 4
Tn = 2 n +1 9 answer
(3)
OR OR
Tn = S n +1 − S n 9 formula
= 2 n + 2 − 2 n +1 9 substitution
9 simplification
= 2 × 2 n +1 − 2 n +1 (3)
n +1
=2 [17]

NOTE:

If Tn = 2 n +1 then
a = T1 = 4
4(2n − 1)
Sn =
2 −1
= 4(2n − 1)
2
maximum of marks
3
= 2n + 2 − 1

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Mathematics/P1 8 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 5

5.1 1 = −(0 − 1) 2 + b 3 substitution (0 ; 1)

1 = −1 + b
3 simplification
(2)
b=2
5.2 g ( x) = −( x − 1) 2 + 2
Turning point of g: (1 ; 2) 9 (1 ; 2) TP
9 substitution into f
f (1) = 21 = 2
(1 ; 2) lies on f. 9 (1 ; 2) lies on both
(1 ; 2) lies on both f and g f and g.
D(1 ; 2) (2)
5.3 y = log2 x 3 answer
(1)
5.4
y
3 y-intercept
2
3 one other point
(4 ; 2)
3 shape – increasing
f -1
(3)
1 (2 ; 1)

x
-1 0 1 2 3 4

5.5 h( x) = −( x − 1 + 1) 2 + 2 − 2 3translation
3 answer
= −x2 (2)
OR

Shift one unit to the left and shift two units down to give
y = − x2
5.6 x ≤ 0 OR x ≥ 0 3 answer
(1)
5.7 2 − ( x −1) 2
Max. value of 2 occurs at max. value of 2 − ( x − 1) 2

3 at (1 ; 2)
=2 2
3 answer
=4 (2)
[13]

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Mathematics/P1 9 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 6

6.1 p=2 9 answer

q=1 9 answer
(2)
6.2 y ∈ [ 0 ; 2] 9 answer
(1)
OR

0≤ y≤2
6.3.1 cos x ( 2 sin x − 1) = 1
2 sin x cos x − cos x = 1 9 manipulation
sin 2 x = cos x + 1
9 answer
This would be solved by finding the x-values of the points of
(2)
intersection of the graphs of f and g.
6.3.2 180° 9 answer
(1)
OR OR

– 180° 9 answer
(1)
OR OR

about – 112,5° 9 answer

(1)
[6]

QUESTION 7

7.1 0+3
f (0) = 3 substitution x = 0
0 +1
f (0) = 3
3 answer
y-intercept (0 ; 3)

x-intercepts
x+3 3 substitution y = 0
0=
x + 1 KK ( x ≠ −1)
x = −3
x-intercept (– 3 ; 0) 3 answer (4)

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Mathematics/P1 10 DoE/November 2009
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7.2 2
+1
x +1
2 + x +1 3 LCD
= 3 simplification
x +1 (2)
x+3
=
x +1

OR OR

x+3
x +1
( x + 1) + 2 3 split the
= fraction
x +1 3 simplification
x +1 2
= + (2)
x +1 x +1
2
= +1
x +1

7.3 Vertical asymptote: x = – 1 3 answer

Horizontal asymptote: y = 1 3 answer
(2)
7.4 y
33 asymptotes
5 3 shape
3 intercepts
4
(4)
3

2
NOTE:
If the graph does
1
not represent a
x function,
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
candidates do not
-1
get the mark for
-2 shape.
-3

7.5 2
≥ −1
x +1
2
+1 ≥ 0 9 manipulation
x +1
99 answer
x ∈ ( −∞ ; − 3] ∪ ( −1 ; ∞ ) OR x ≤ −3 or x > −1
(3)
NOTE:
0 marks for
− 1 < x ≤ −3
[15]

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Mathematics/P1 11 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 8

8.1 Depreciation value = 7 200(1 − 0,25) 3 3 formula

= R3 037,50 3 substitution
3 answer
(3)

8.2.1
300 000 =
[
5 000 1 − (1,015)
−n
] 3 formula
0,015 3 substitution

4 500 = 5 000 − 5 000(1,015)

−n

5 000(1,015)
−n
= 500
(1,015)−n = 0,1 or (1,015) n = 10 3 use of logs
log 0,1
−n= 9 use of logs
log1,015
n = 154,65 3 answer
Number of payments = 155 9 answer
(6)
8.2.2 Balance outstanding 39 setting up
⎡⎛ 0.18 ⎞154 ⎤ equation
5 000⎢⎜1 + ⎟ − 1⎥ 93 substitution
⎢⎣⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎥⎦
154
⎛ 0.18 ⎞
= 300 000⎜1 + ⎟ −
⎝ 12 ⎠ 0.18
12
= R3 230,50
9 answer
(5)
8.2.3 Amount paid in last month
⎛ 0.18 ⎞ 9 substitution
= 3 230,50⎜1 + ⎟ into correct
⎝ 12 ⎠
formula
= R3 278,96
9 answer
(2)
8.2.4 Total repaid = (154 × 5 000) + 3 278,96 = R773 278,96 9 answer
(1)
[17]

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Mathematics/P1 12 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 9

9.1 f ( x + h) − f ( x ) 9 method
f ′( x) = lim
h →0 h
9 substitution
− 5( x + h) 2 + 2 − (−5 x 2 + 2)
= lim
h →0 h
− 5( x + 2 xh + h 2 ) + 2 + 5 x 2 − 2
2
9 simplification
= lim
h →0 h
− 10 xh − 5h 2
= lim
h →0 h
h(−10 x − 5h) 9 factorising
= lim
h →0 h
= lim(−10 x − 5h)
h →0

= −10 x 9 answer
(5)
OR OR

f ( x + h) = −5( x + h) 2 + 2
= − 5 x 2 − 10 xh − 5h 2 + 2 9 substitution

9 answer
f ( x + h) − f ( x) − 5 x − 10 xh − 5h + 2 + 5 x − 2
2 2 2
=
h h
− 10 xh − 5h 2 9 substitution
=
h
= −10 x − 5h 9 answer

∴ f ′( x) = lim( −10 x − 5h) = −10 x 9 answer

h→0
(5)
9.2 Dx [( x − 2)( x + 3)] 3 simplification
[
= Dx x 2 + x − 8 ] 33answer
= 2x + 1 (3)
9.3.1 1 1 27 9 answer
Depth after 3 days = 12 − (3) − (3) 3 = = 6,75 m
4 6 4 (1)
9.3.2 1 1
Rate of decrease in depth = h′(t ) = − − t 2 3 h′(t )
4 2
1 1 3derivative
= − − ( 2) 2 9 substitution of
4 2
Rate of decrease in depth after 2 days t=2
9
=− 3answer (2,25)
4 9 units (metres
= −2,25 metres/day per day)
Rate of decrease in depth = 2,25 metres per day (5)
[14]
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Mathematics/P1 13 DoE/November 2009
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QUESTION 10

10.1 x = 1 and/or x = 2 99 answer

(2)
10.2 When x < 1 , f ′( x ) > 0 and so f is increasing 9 f ′( x ) > 0
When 1 < x < 2 , f ′( x ) < 0 and so f is decreasing 9 f ′( x ) < 0
When x > 2 , f ′( x ) > 0 and so f is increasing

At x = 1: local maximum 9answer

At x = 2: local minimum 9 answer
(4)
OR OR

f ′( x) = ax 2 + bx + c is minimum-valued 9 f ′(x )
minimum-valued
∴a>0
9a>0
∴f has a shape

9 answer
At x = 1: local maximum
9 answer
At x = 2: local minimum
(4)
OR
OR
f ′(x ) + 0 – 0 +
99 number line
x 1 2

At x = 1: local maximum 9 answer

At x = 2: local minimum 9 answer
(4)
10.3 1+ 2 9 answer
x= = 1,5
2 (1)

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Mathematics/P1 14 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

10.4
9 shape
9x-values of
turning points
correct

1 2

OR

2
1

OR

1 2

(2)
[9]

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Mathematics/P1 15 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 11

11.1 r = 2x 3 r = 2x
Area rectangle = 8x 3 area rectangle = 8x
2 9 radius small circle
Radius small circle = r 2
3 = r
A( x) = area rectangle − area circles 3
9 formula
⎡ 2 ⎛2 ⎞ ⎤
2

A( x) = 8 x − ⎢πr + π ⎜ r ⎟ ⎥ 3
16 2
πx
⎢⎣ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎥⎦ 9
2 (5)
⎛2 ⎞
A( x) = 8 x − π (2 x) − π ⎜ (2 x) ⎟
2

⎝3 ⎠
16
A( x) = 8 x − 4πx 2 − πx 2
9
52π 2
A( x) = 8 x − x
9
11.2 104 104
A′( x) = 8 − πx 3 A′( x) = 8 − πx
9 9
104 3 A′( x ) = 0
0 =8− πx
9
72
x= 3 answer
104π
9
x=
13π
x = 0,2203683827...
x = 0,22 m (3)

11.3 Area of circles

52π 2
= x 3 substitution
9
52π
= (0,22) 2
9
= 0,88 m 2 3 answer

OR
Area of circles
52π 2
= x
9
52π
2
⎛ 9 ⎞
= ⎜ ⎟
9 ⎝ 13π ⎠
36
= m2 (2)
13π
[10]

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Mathematics/P1 16 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 12

12.1 x+ y≥7 33 constraint

12 000 x + 6 000 y ≤ 72 000 ∴ 2 x + y ≤ 12 33 constraint
2 x + 4 y ≤ 24 ∴ x + 2 y ≤ 12 33 constraint
( 3correct expression,
x, y ≥ 0
3correct inequalities)
(6)
OR 333line graphs
12.2 y (3)
and 14 3 feasible region
12.3 13 (1)
Number of hectares of sweet potatoes

12
11

10
9

8
7

6
5

3
2

1
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Number of hectares of mealies

12.4 P = 3 000x + 1 800y 33 answer

(2)
12.5 Maximum at (4 ; 4) 3 search line
4 hectares of mealies and 4 hectares of sweet potatoes 3 answer (2)

12.6 Profit per hectare sweet potatoes

2
= × 18 000 3 12 000
3
= 12 000
5
P = 30 000x + 12 000y 9 gradient of −
5 P 2
y =− x+ or
2 12 000 P = 30 000x + 12 000y
Maximises at (5 ; 2)
P = 30 000 (5) + 12 000( 2) 9 answer
Profit = R174 000 per hectare (3)
[17]

TOTAL: 150

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Mathematics/P1 17 DoE/November 2009
NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 12.2 AND 12.3

y
14
13
12
11
Number of hectares of sweet potatoes

10
9

7
6

5
4

3
2

1
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Number of hectares of mealies
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