REPORT

ON
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A
RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL STRUCTURE AT SITE No. …, LALBAGH ROAD,
BENGALURU, KARNATAKA

Proj.No. HC– 210/09/20233

FOR

Mr. ………………….
m/s …………………………
Bangalore

Consultants

Mr. Prakash Pringal

m/s Pringal Associates

Bangalore

Geo-technical Consultants

HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, Nanjundeshwara Appartements RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
TEL-9986069155 / 9845679155
hiveconsultant@gmail.com, rameshpobbi@gmail.com
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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DETAILS OF PROJECT

Name of Work : Geotechnical Investigation for a residential/commercial

structure at Site No., …, Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru,
Karnataka

Details of Project : Ground and additional 3 Floors

Name of the Client : Mr. …………..

Architect/Structural Engg: Mr. Prakash Pringal

Field Method : Manual Auger Method

September 28, 2023

Field work Date and
Mr. Nagaraju
Incharge :
Sept 28 to Oct 05, 2003
Laboratory work date
and Incharge : Mr. Krishnappa
Laboratory Assistant

Date of submission of
report: Oct 06, 2023
Incharge :

Mr. Naveen Kumar K

Senior Geotechnical Engineer
Signing Authority :
Dr. Ramesh P S

Revision Date Corrections Signature

No

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 4

2. OBJECTS AND SCOPE OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION ............................................................... 4

3. METHODOLOGIES AND INVESTIGATION......................................................................................................... 5

3.1. SAMPLING .......................................................................................................................................................5

3.2. STANDARD PENETRATION TESTS. ............................................................................................................5
3.3. GROUND WATER LEVEL ..............................................................................................................................5
3.4. SUB-SOIL: ........................................................................................................................................................5

4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS. ............................................................................................. 6

5. RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 6

TABLE -1 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7

TABLE -2 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7

TABLE -3 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8

BOREHOLE 1 .................................................................................................................................................................. 9

BOREHOLE 2 ................................................................................................................................................................ 10

APPENDIX – I ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

FIGURES
FIGURE 1: POSITION OF BOREHOLES. .................................................................................................................... 11
FIGURE 2: DETAILS OF STONE SOLING .................................................................................................................. 12
FIGURE 3: CHANGE OF LAYERS ALONG DIAGONAL .......................................................................................... 13

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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REPORT
ON
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF A
RESIDENTIAL/COMMERCIAL STRUCTURE AT SITE No. …, LALBAGH ROAD,
BENGALURU, KARNATAKA

1. INTRODUCTION
It has been proposed to construct a residential/commercial Structure at Site No Lalbagh Road
Bengaluru. The proposed structure is built in the site having an approximate area of 195 sq.m. In
this regard a request has been made to carry out soil investigation on Sept 26, 2023 by Mr. Prakash,
Architect to give the safe bearing capacity and necessary recommendations to design the
foundations. The field test is carried using manual auguring method on Sept 28, 2023.

Accordingly, a detailed soil exploration program compromising of field and laboratory tests along
with recommendations for the design of foundation is presented in this report. Two boreholes were
driven using manual auguring method. These boreholes were driven up to a depth of 6.00m below
the existing ground level. The existing ground level almost to the road level.

2. OBJECTS AND SCOPE OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION

The object of soil exploration program is to evaluate the physical and engineering properties of the
subsoil. So that suitable and economic foundation system can be designed in order to fulfill the
above objectives, the following scope of work was proposed.

 To identify the soil stratification in various locations up to a specified depth.

 To conduct standard penetration tests (SPT) at regular intervals
 To extract undisturbed samples
 To collect the disturbed samples
 To record the standing ground water level
 To conduct laboratory tests mentioned below on disturbed and undisturbed soil samples.
 Liquid limits and plastic limits
 Direct shear tests/Triaxial shear test
 Grain size analysis
 Natural water content and in-situ density.

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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 Optimum moisture content and maximum dry density
 Check for free swelling

3. METHODOLOGIES AND INVESTIGATION

3.1. SAMPLING

Continuous sampling/standard penetration tests have been carried out alternatively in the
borehole at regular intervals to obtain maximum data. Undisturbed samples are collected in
an open-end tube sampler. From the SPT locations disturbed samples have been collected
using spilt spoon sampler. However, the total number of UDS collected during the
investigation was much less than envisaged earlier considering the natural of soil met in all
the boreholes.

3.2. STANDARD PENETRATION TESTS.

Standard penetration test (SPT) was carried out at different depths in all the boreholes & the
‘N’ values were recorded. The SPT was carried out according to 1S 2131-1981 SPT
(Standard penetration test, Re affirmed in1992). The number of blows required to drive a
50mm diameter split spoon sampler for a depth of 30cm using a 65 kg hammer for a drop of
75cm is recorded as ‘N’ value. The results of all the penetration tests performed in each of
the bore holes are shown in their respective Bore logs. The test is discontinued if,
i) 50 blows are required for 300mm penetration
ii) 20 successive blows produce no advance
And the N – value is recorded as “REFUSAL”.

3.3. GROUND WATER LEVEL.

The ground water table did not occurred in any of the boreholes during investigation. In
this zone the ground water table may be available at a depth of 2.00m during rainy season.
3.4. SUB-SOIL:
The sub-soil consists of grey sandy clay up to a depth of investigation i.e., 6.00m
or more. This is presented in the bore logs.

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS.
The natural moisture content in soil is was varying from 3 to 4%. The dry density may vary
from 15 to 16 kN/m3. The liquid limit and plastic limit values are generally indicated that the soil is
medium compressible, and the cohesion and angle of friction are also presented in the table 3.

5. RECOMMENDATIONS

The following are the recommendations

 The safe bearing pressure of the soil is presented in table-3
 The ground shall be inspected for any loose pockets if any and the same shall be replaced
with lean concrete.
 The shallow foundations are proposed at a depth of 3.00m (from the existing ground level)
 If the total area covered by shallow footings is 65% or more, then mat/raft foundations are
recommended.
 If the structure is designed for earthquake the safe bearing pressure can be enhanced by
15%.
 Since the clay content is too high and the strength of the soil is low, pile foundations are more
suitable in such layers. The following table shows the tentative capacity of the pile and
tentative length of the pile.

Pile Diameter (m) Pile Length (m) Pile capacity (kN)

450 12 600
600 12 900
750 12 1200

Dr. Ramesh P S
Geotechnical Consultant
Anupama Ramesh
Propertrix

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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TABLE -1
INDEX PROPERTIES OF SOIL
No., Depth Dry density Moisture Grain size analysis
content
Gravel Sand Silt and
clay
m kN/cu.m % % % %

BH-1 2.50 15.15 3.35 0.00 24.15 75.85

BH-2 2.50 15.80 3.75 0.00 22.55 77.45

TABLE -2
INDEX PROPERTIES AND SHEAR SRENGTH PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL
No., Depth ATTERBERG’S LIMITS SHEAR

Classification
STRENGTH
PARAMETER

Soil
m Liquid Plastic Plasticity Cohesion 
Limit Limit Index c
% % % kN/m2 Degree

BH-1 2.50 46.85 25.00 21.85 30 18 CI

BH-2 2.50 47.30 24.35 22.95 32 19 CI

Note:

All depths are measured with respect to the natural level

The shear parameters are evaluated from direct shear test and * sign indicates the remolded specimens
Since the soil is in dry condition shows very high SPT values.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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TABLE -3
SAFE BEARING PRESSURE

LOCATION WIDTH/ DIAMETER SAFE BEARING PRESSURE

OF THE FOOTING
100 kN/m2 for 25mm settlement and for a
NOT LESS THAN 1m factor of safety 2.5 against local shear
BH-1 to BH-2
for shallow foundations failure at a depth 3.00m from the lowest
position of existing level

Note:
1. Foundations are to be designed for equal settlements.
2. The shallow foundation should be placed at a depth of 3.00m, there are chances that the soil may slide from
upper portions. Hence the soil should be protected by providing proper bracings.
3. If any changes in the soil strata inform to architect or geotechnical engineer
4. The bearing capacity (kN/m2) for different widths, depths and settlements are shown below
5. Propose the raft or mat foundations, If the area occupied by isolated foundations greater than 60% of the site
area
6. The safe bearing pressure to be considered for local shear failure is always better.

Safe Bearing Pressure (kN/m2)

Boreholes Mode Width Not less than 1m Not less than 2m
of
Shear 25mm 40mm 25mm 40mm
failure Depth (m) settlement settlement settlement settlement

BH-1 to BH-2 LSF 3.00 100 130 110 140

BH-1 to BH-2 LSF 4.00 110 140 110 140

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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BOREHOLE 1
Weather: Cloudy day Method/type of Boring: Manual/helical Site No:
Proj No: 210/09/2023-24 Bore-hole Diameter: 150mm Date of Testing: 28/09/2023

Depth Legend Description Measured SPT Remarks

Values

0.5 GWT

1.0

1.5 7/6/7=13

2.0

2.5 UDS

3.0 12/13/13=26
Grey sandy clay

3.5

4.0 16/16/16=32

4.5

5.0 18/17/17=34

5.5

6.0 20/20/20=40
Note :
1. UDS: Undistrubed soil sample; 2. DS : Distrubed soil sample 3.GWT: Ground water table 4. Due to dryness in
soil the resistance (SPT Values) was high.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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BOREHOLE 2
Weather: Cloudy day Method/type of Boring: Manual/helical Site No:
Proj No: 210/09/2023-24 Bore-hole Diameter: 150mm Date of Testing: 28/09/2023

Depth Legend Description Measured SPT Remarks

Values

0.5 `

1.0 Brown sandy clay

1.5 5/7/5=12

2.0

2.5 UDS

3.0 14/15/15=30

3.5

4.0 Grey sandy clay 16/15/16=31

4.5

5.0 19/17/18=35

5.5

6.0 20/19/19=38
Note :
1. UDS: Undistrubed soil sample; 2. DS : Distrubed soil sample 3.GWT: Ground water table 4. Due to dryness in soil the
resistance (SPT Values) was high.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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38’0”

2.00m

2.20m
BH-1

55’0”
-

BH-2 3.70m

4.40m

ROAD

Figure 1: POSITION OF BOREHOLES.

Note: This figure is not to the scale

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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Existing Level

3.00m from existing ground level

RCC pedestal

R.C.C foundation
` P.C.C Of 6” thick or as per design
20” stone soling filled with sand (as per
design- if required)

Stone column of 6” dia @ 4’0”c/c up to a

depth of 2B

Figure 2: DETAILS OF STONE SOLING

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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BH-1 BH-2 Remarks
Depth Description Description N1/N2/N3

`
0.5

1.0 Brown sandy

clay

1.5 13/12

2.0

2.5

3.0 26/30 FL
Grey sandy
clay
3.5

4.0 Grey sandy

32/31
clay

4.5

5.0 34/35

5.5

6.0 40/38

Figure 3: CHANGE OF LAYERS ALONG DIAGONAL

Note: N1, N2, and N3 are the SPT measured values at different depths and FL represents footing level.GL represents the
ground level. The SPT Values are too high due to dryness in soil.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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APPENDIX – I

The safe bearing pressure is evaluated based on local shear failure

B = 1m,  = 15 kN/cu.m, c = 28 kN/m2,  = 18

Depth D = 3.00m (d = 2.00m) from the existing ground level

The bearing capacity factors are

Nc= 9.40 Nq = 3.04 and N = 1.75

The bearing capacity is calculated, considering the correction to water table

For square footings

sc = 1.3; sq = 1.2 and s = 0.8

N = 1.54
Water table correction factors are Rw1 = 0.50 and Rw2 = 0.50

Size of footing (m) dc = 1+0.2 (Df/B)√N dq & d= 1+0.1 (Df/B)√N

1 1.50 1.25

2 1.25 1.12

3 1.17 1.08

4 1.12 1.06

5 1.10 1.05

6 1.08 1.04

ic = iq = i = 1.0 since the angle of inclination with ground is not known

The bearing capacity is calculated as per IS-code (6403-1981) method and

Bearingcapacity equation is

1
𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡 = 𝑐 𝑁𝑐 𝑠𝑐 𝑑𝑐 𝑖𝑐 + 𝑞(𝑁𝑞 − 1) 𝑠𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑖𝑞 𝑅𝑤1 + 𝛾 𝐵 𝑁𝛾 𝑠𝛾 𝑑𝛾 𝑖𝛾 𝑅𝑤2
2

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A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155
 Date of field test: Sept 28, 2023 Project site: Site No . .., Lalbagh Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Proj. No: HC-210/09/2023-24

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𝑞𝑢𝑙𝑡
𝑞𝑠𝑎𝑓𝑒 = + 𝛾𝐷𝑓
𝐹𝑆

Corrected N Values are N = 22

(𝐵 + 0.3)2
𝑞𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 34.3 × (𝑁 − 3) × 𝑅𝑤 𝐷𝑓
2𝐵

Bearing capacity at 3.00m depth for various size of footings placed from the lowest
reduced level.

Size of Based on Shear Based on N Values Proposed Safe

Bearing Capacity
Footing (m) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)
(kN/m2)
25mm 40mm 25mm 40mm 25mm 40mm

1X1 187.50 300.00 165.21 264.33 100 130

2X2 165.14 264.23 129.28 206.85 110 140
3X3 159.09 254.54 118.28 189.25 110 140
4X4 157.11 251.38 112.97 180.75 120 150
5X5 156.77 250.83 109.84 175.74 120 150
6X6 157.24 251.58 107.77 172.44 120 150

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Report on Soil Investigation
HIVE CONSULTANTS
Flat No., 406, 3rdFloor, NanjundeshwaraApartments RR-IV,
10th Cross, Ideal Homes Society, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bangalore
9845679155/9986069155