Applied Soil Mechanics
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TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTITUTE
FROM OAXACA
TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF OAXACA
APPLIED SOIL MECHANICS
(ICJ-1026)
PORTFOLIO OF EVIDENCE
Teacher: Jiménez Ramírez Sofía Janeth
Student: Terán Quintas María Fernanda
Group: ICD
INTRODUCTION
Earth, one of the most abundant elements in Nature, already indicated by the ancients as
one of the four (4) basic elements that make up our time as a construction material. In its
management and use, scientific analysis has gradually replaced intuitive rules, with the
current state of knowledge being the sum of the contributions of various scientists,
physicists, mathematicians and engineers, who since the past have been forging, without
knowing it, a new science, nourished by his research. Among these pioneers it is worth
highlighting the names of:
Carlos A. de Coulomb, Juan V. Poncelet, Guillermo Rankine, Karl Culmann, José V.
Boussinesq.
Coulomb, Poncelet, Collin and Rankine contributed valuable experiences in the analysis of
land pressures. The contributions of the French military engineer Coulomb are still valid, in
friction, electricity and magnetism. Poncelet offered in 1840 a graphical method for the
direct determination of the failure surface and active and passive earth pressures. In 1846,
Collin published his work "Recherches Expérimentales sur les Glissements Spontanés des
Terrains Argileux". Guillermo M. Rankine was a Scottish engineer and physicist who also
distinguished himself for his work in thermodynamics.
Culmann gave a graphical solution to the Coulomb - Poncelet theory, allowing the
resolution of complex earth pressure problems. From Boissinesq we have taken advantage
of his equations to establish the values of the vertical components of stress generated by
the application of loads.
Karl Terzaghi, the undisputed father of soil mechanics, was born in Prague,
Czechoslovakia, and died in the United States of America, at the age of eighty (80).
All those people who contributed to the development of mathematical theories and field
experiences, worldwide, are considered as precursors of soil mechanics, until the moment
when, at the beginning of the 20th century, the engineer Karl Terzaghi, in 1925, lays the
foundations that give rise to this important science of geotechnical engineering.
The study of the lives of those philosophers, physicists, mathematicians and even
engineers (military, civil, mechanics, etc.), allows us to understand the engineering
achievements of the past and the contribution of these men to soil mechanics, which
studies the behavior and physical properties of soil when external forces and agents act
on the soil mass. This branch of geotechnics considers the structure of the soil, the shape
of the particles that constitute it and the phases it presents, concentrating on engineering
properties.
SYLLABUS
Unit 1 Distribution of efforts
1.1. Boussinesq equations.
1.2. Graphic solution from Newmak and graphics from Fadum.
1.3. Stresses under different loading conditions.
1.4. Other theories.
Unit 2 Settlements
2.1. Elastic type seat.
2.2. Settlement by primary consolidation.
2.3. Settlement by secondary consolidation.
2.4. Expansions.
Unit 3 Load Capacity
3.1. Load capacity theories.
3.2. Soil – structure interaction.
3.3. Capacity calculation in shallow foundations.
3.4. Capacity calculation in deep foundations.
3.5. App software.
Unit 4 Types of foundations
4.1. Classification of foundations.
4.2. Factors that determine the type of foundation.
4.3. Foundations on slopes.
4.4. Offset foundations.
4.5. Types of deep foundations.
4.6. Development and use of piles.
4.7. Pile driving.
4.8. Pile groups.
4.9. Pile load capacity.
4.10. Load tests on piles.
4.11. Deterioration and protection of piles. 4.12. Batteries
Unit 5 Land Push
5.1. Classification of retention elements.
5.2. Plastic equilibrium states.
5.3. Theories and methods to determine earth pressures.
5.4. Also.
5.5. Wall sizing.
5.6. App software.
Unit 6 Slope stability
6.1. Types and causes of slope failures.
6.2. Slope failure analysis methods.
6.3. Analysis of critical circles.
6.4. Prevention and correction of slope failures.
6.5. app software
Evaluations
Problems
Team work
Annexes
CONCLUSIONS
We as future engineers in civil engineering works rely on the ground in one way or
another, and many of them, which is why this applied soil mechanics course is of great
help to us since we use the earth as a construction element to embankments, dikes and
fillings in general; therefore, consequently, its stability and functional and aesthetic
behavior will be determined, among other factors, by the performance of the seat
material located within the depths of influence of the forces that are generated, or by that
of the soil used to form the fillings.
If the limits of the resistant capacity of the soil are exceeded or if, even without reaching
them, the deformations are considerable, secondary stresses may occur in the structural
members, perhaps not taken into account in the design, which in turn produce
deformations. important fissures, cracks, warping or collapses that can cause, in extreme
cases, the collapse of the work or its disuse and abandonment.
Consequently, the conditions of the soil as a support and construction element and those
of the foundation as a transition device between it and the suprastructure, must always
be observed, even if this is done in small projects founded on normal soils in view of
statistical data. and local experiences, and in projects of medium to great importance or in
doubtful soils, infallibly, through a correct investigation of soil mechanics.
Bibliography
Soil Mechanics - Juarez Badillo Volume 2
Theory and applications of soil mechanics
Publisher: Limusa noriega
Foundation Engineering Fundamentals
Brajan M. You give
Seventh edition
Publisher: CENGAGE learning
https://es.scribd.com/doc/111753762/Mecanica-de-Suelos-Juarez-Badillo-Tomo-2
https://es.scribd.com/doc/119988056/solucionario-Braja-M-Das-Fundamentos-de-
Ingenieria-Geotecnica
https://es.scribd.com/doc/106256748/mecanica-de-suelos-peter-berry
https://es.scribd.com/doc/249885367/Introduccion-a-La-Mecanica-de-Suelos-y-
Cimentaciones-Geroge-B-Sowers-y-George-F-Sowers