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Chapter 7

The document discusses poly-phase circuits, specifically three-phase circuits. It describes the components of a three-phase system including three voltage sources 120 degrees out of phase. It also discusses different configurations for connecting three-phase systems including wye-wye, wye-delta, delta-delta, and delta-wye. Examples are provided for determining phase sequence, calculating line currents, and more.

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Teddy Asrat
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23 views16 pages

Chapter 7

The document discusses poly-phase circuits, specifically three-phase circuits. It describes the components of a three-phase system including three voltage sources 120 degrees out of phase. It also discusses different configurations for connecting three-phase systems including wye-wye, wye-delta, delta-delta, and delta-wye. Examples are provided for determining phase sequence, calculating line currents, and more.

Uploaded by

Teddy Asrat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of Electrical

Engineering
Chapter 7
Poly-phase circuits

1
Three-Phase Circuit
• It is a system produced by a generator consisting of
three sources having the same amplitude and
frequency but out of phase with each other by 120°.

Three sources
with 120° out
of phase
Four wired
system

2
cont
• A three-phase generator consists of a rotating
magnet (rotor) surrounded by a stationary
winding (stator).

A three-phase generator The generated voltages

4
cont

• Two possible configurations:

Three-phase voltage sources: (a) Y-connected ; (b) Δ-connected

5
Balance Three-Phase Voltages

• Balanced phase voltages are equal in magnitude and are out


of phase with each other by 120°.

• A balanced load is one in which the phase impedances are


equal in magnitude and in phase

• A balanced load is a load that draws the same current from


each phase of the three-phase system, while an unbalanced
load has at least one of those currents different from the rest

6
Example 1
Determine the phase sequence of the
set of voltages.
van = 200 cos(t + 10)
vbn = 200 cos(t − 230 )
vcn = 200 cos(t − 110 )
The voltages can be expressed in phasor form as

Van = 200 10 V


Vbn = 200  − 230  V
Vcn = 200  − 110  V
We notice that Van leads Vcn by 120° and Vcn in turn leads Vbn
by 120°.
7
Hence, we have an acb sequence.
• Four possible connections

1. Y-Y connection (Y-connected source


with a Y-connected load)

2. Y-Δ connection (Y-connected source


with a Δ-connected load)

3. Δ-Δ connection

4. Δ-Y connection

8
• A balanced Y-Y system is a three-phase system with a balanced y-connected
source and a balanced y-connected load.

9
VL = 3V p , where
V p = Van = Vbn = Vcn
VL = Vab = Vbc = Vca

Applying KVL to each phase in previous Fig. above , we obtain the line
currents as

An alternative way of analyzing a balanced Y-Y system is to do so on a “per phase” basis.

10
Example 2
Calculate the line currents in the three-wire Y-Y
system shown below:

Figure 12.13

11
• A balanced Y-Δ system is a three-phase system with a
balanced y-connected source and a balanced Δ-connected
load.
Assuming the positive sequence, the phase voltages
are again

I L = 3I p , where
I L = I a = Ib = I c
12
I p = I AB = I BC = ICA
13
Example 3
A balanced abc-sequence Y-connected source with
( Van = 100 10 ) is connected to a Δ-connected load
(8+j4) per phase. Calculate the phase and line
currents.

14
• A balanced Δ-Δ system is a three-phase system with a
balanced Δ -connected source and a balanced Δ -connected
load.

15
Example 4
A balanced Δ-connected load having an impedance 20-
j15  is connected to a Δ-connected positive-sequence
generator having (Vab = 330 0 V ). Calculate the phase
currents of the load and the line currents.

16
• A balanced Δ-Y system is a three-phase system with a
balanced y-connected source and a balanced y-connected
load.

17

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