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12 Transformations

The document discusses transformations of functions including vertical and horizontal shifts, stretches and reflections. It provides examples of shifting, stretching and reflecting common functions like square roots, sine and parabolas. It also includes a homework problem involving shifting the graph of a simple rational function.

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10 views2 pages

12 Transformations

The document discusses transformations of functions including vertical and horizontal shifts, stretches and reflections. It provides examples of shifting, stretching and reflecting common functions like square roots, sine and parabolas. It also includes a homework problem involving shifting the graph of a simple rational function.

Uploaded by

22895612
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformations of functions (p 36–39)

1 Vertical and Horizontal shifts


Given the original graph
y = f (x),
and if c > 0 is constant. Here are some transformations

• y = f (x) + c upward-shift of a distance c,


• y = f (x) − c downward-shift of a distance c,
• y = f (x + c) left-shift of a distance c,
• y = f (x − c) right-shift of a distance c.

Examples
Sketch the graph of the equation
√
y= x − 3.

2 Vertical and Horizontal stretching and reflect-


ing
If c > 1 is constant
• y = cf (x) vertical-stretch by a factor of c,
• y = 1c f (x) vertical-shrink by a factor of c,
• y = f (cx) horizontal-shrink by a factor of c,
 
• y = f 1c x horizontal-stretch by a factor of c,

• y = −f (x) reflection about the x-axis,


• y = f (−x) reflection about the y-axis,

1
Examples
Sketch the graphs of the following equations:

y = sin(1 − 2x) and y = x2 + 4x + 1.

3 Home Work
1
1. With the graph of y = x sketch the graph of

3
y= .
2x + 2

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