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Memory and Its Neurological Basis

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29 views12 pages

Memory and Its Neurological Basis

Uploaded by

Doan Chan Phong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 3 Psychology

Memory
Kristy Kendall

Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its


Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 1
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
What is memory?
• Memory is an active processing system that
encodes, stores and recovers information
when required.
• Memories pass through many different stores
to be consolidated
• They are not an exact replica of the world at
the time they are recovered for use

Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its


Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 2
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Information processing model

Encoding Storage Retrieval

• Converting • Retaining • Accessing


information information previously
into a over time stored
useable for future information
form for use for use
storage

Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its


Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 3
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
The neuron in memory formation
• When memories are made there are changes
that occur in the synapses or neurons. These
changes are known as neural plasticity
• Hebb’s rule (1949): If an axon of a presynaptic
neuron is active while the post-synaptic
neuron is firing, the synapse between them
will be strengthened.
• Long term potentiation
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 4
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Eric Kandel
• The aplysia were trained to elicit a simple
reflex response as a protective measure the
various stimuli.
• The researchers then
investigated the
changes that had
taken place in the
aplysia .
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 5
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Eric Kandel
• They found the following:
- The presynaptic neuron released more
neurotransmitters (particularly serotonin)
- New dendrites were formed on the post-
synaptic neuron
- New synaptic connections formed

...these changes are long term potentiation


Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 6
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Medial temporal lobe
• The inner surface of the temporal lobe; it
includes among other things the hippocampus
and amygdala.
• The amygdala is responsible for emotional
memory.
• The hippocampus is responsible for the
consolidation of new declarative memories and
their storage, explicit memories and the
emotions associated with that memory.
eg Taxi driver study
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 7
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Question 1
• What is long term potentiation?

Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its


Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 8
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 9
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 10
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 11
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo
Unit 3, Aos 2, Lesson: Memory and its
Neurological Basis
Edrolo.com.au 12
Psychology notes by Ms K. Kendall
©Edrolo

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