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SP4 CHAPTER 1 V Needsrevision

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SP4 CHAPTER 1 V Needsrevision

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Liceo de San Pablo

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

In recent years, the environmental concerns and the pursuit of sustainable and eco-friendly

solutions have led to an increasing demand for alternative products derived from natural sources.

As a response to this, the researchers have explored various renewable materials for the production

of everyday commodities. One such area of exploration is the use of fruit-derived components for

the development of alternative floor wax. The study aims to investigate the feasibility of utilizing

the peel of actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) along with extracts from cocos

nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon) to create a sustainable and biodegradable floor wax.

By harnessing the natural properties of these fruits, this research endeavors to contribute to the

development of environmentally conscious and effective household products.

One of the few components of commercial wax are cresol, formaldehyde, and hazardous

chemicals like nitrobenzene, perchloroethylene, phenol, toluene, and xylene. Inhaling cresol posed

significant health risks, as it had been demonstrated to induce kidney and liver harm in humans with

myriad various health problems for animals.

According to Shikha et. al. (2018), fruits and vegetable waste are present at various points in

the supply chain and that can differ significantly based on the processing involved. Within the fruit

and vegetable processing sectors, there is a 10-60% generation of waste or by-products, existing in

both solid and liquid states. It is crucial to ensure that these waste materials are effectively utilized

to maximize benefits without incurring financial losses or causing harm to the environment.

Through a comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the resultant

wax, this study seeks to establish the potential of fruit-based wax as a viable alternative to

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conventional commercial floor waxes, thus fostering a more sustainable approach towards

household maintenance and environmental preservation.

Background of the Study

Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) are nutrient-dense fruits, and during earlier times, substantial

study on the health advantages of actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) fruit has connected frequent intake to

benefits for digestive, immunological, and metabolic health in addition to increases in nutritional

status. The vitamin C content of kiwis is exceptionally high, and they also contain a variety of

other nutrients, including levels of dietary fiber, potassium, vitamin E, and folate that are

nutritionally important, as well as a number of bioactive substances like a variety of antioxidants,

phytonutrients, and enzymes that have positive effects on both function and metabolism. Actinidia

deliciosa (kiwi) peel, with higher content of phenolics and flavonoids, exerts more potent

antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activity than the flesh. Our study provides scientific

evidence for the development of kiwifruit, especially peel-based, novel natural products with

excellent bioactivity.

The fruit cocos nucifera (coconut oil), is characterized by a fibrous husk (mesocarp)

enclosing a sizable seed or inner stone. The name "coconut" is also used to describe the entire

enormous seed, including the hard, green endocarp that covers it, as well as the edible, valuable

economically, white, fleshy component of the seed known as the "meat" or endosperm, which

encircles the hollow, liquid-filled center cavity. Liquid endosperm, a flavorful liquid that is cloudy

yet transparent and has a viscosity somewhat thicker than water, abundantly fills the empty center

of the fruit.

Citrus limon (lemon) has beneficial medicinal, cosmetic, and gastronomic (healthy food)

characteristics. Following a brief introduction to the genus citrus, details are provided about the

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chemical make-up, metabolomic research, and biological functions of the primary basic materials

derived from citrus. Fruit extract, juice, and essential oil called limon. The beneficial biological

function of citrus. The high concentration of phenolic chemicals in limon—primarily flavonoids

(such as diosmin, hesperidin, and limocitrin) and phenolic acids (such as ferulic, synapic, and p-

hydroxybenzoic acids)—defines the substance. The bioactive monoterpenoids D-limonene, -pinene,

and -terpinene are abundant in the essential oil. medicinal effects of citrus, which have recently

been scientifically proved. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiparasitic properties

of lime are present.

Carica papaya L (papaya), is a juicy fruit originating from a substantial plant within the

caricaceae family. According to editors of encyclopedia Britannica (2023), while the precise

origins of the carica papaya L (papaya) are not entirely clear, it is believed that this fruit might be

the result of the merging of two or more carica species native to Mexico and Central America.

The discarded carica papaya L (papaya) peel, known to contribute to environmental

pollution, can, in fact, serve as a valuable reservoir of minerals, fiber, and phenolic compounds,

possessing antimicrobial, antioxidant, and heart-protective properties.

The domain of food processing holds significant importance in agriculture, its scope having

expanded significantly, thereby aiding in the substantial reduction of perishable commodity

wastage. Market-generated fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) contribute substantially to municipal

landfills, posing a nuisance owing to their high susceptibility to biodegradation. The substantial

generation of waste material during food production, processing, and preparation poses health risks

attributed to environmental contamination.

The use of actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) peels contain enzymes

and compounds that can aid in breaking down dirt and grime, making them effective cleaning

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agents. Their natural antimicrobial and antioxidant properties can contribute to the overall hygiene

and protection of the floor surface. Cocos nucifera (coconut oil) has excellent emulsifying

properties that facilitate the blending of the ingredients, resulting in a smooth and consistent wax

texture. The binding properties of coconut oil can enhance the durability of the floor wax, making it

more resistant to wear and tear. Citrus limon (lemon) extract possesses antimicrobial properties that

can help in maintaining the cleanliness and hygiene of the surfaces coated with the floor wax. The

inclusion of citrus limon (lemon) extract can add a fresh and pleasant aroma to the floor wax,

contributing to a more appealing environment.

When combined, these ingredients can be processed to create a natural floor wax that not

only effectively cleans and protects the floor but also contributes to maintaining a healthier indoor

environment, as they are free from harmful synthetic chemicals often found in commercial floor

waxes. In addition, Alcaraz et. al. (2019) stated that due to the absence of a structured analysis of

occupational hygiene and comprehensive data on workplace exposure, it remained unclear which

cleaning-related exposures could trigger or exacerbate asthma and other respiratory complications.

Lastly, the biodegradable nature of these components ensures a reduced environmental footprint,

making the floor wax an eco-friendly and sustainable choice for households and businesses.

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Scope and Delimitation

The production of organic floor wax made of fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and

carica papaya L (papaya), fruit extracts from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon

extract) and are exclusive focus of this study. Following that, the researchers conducted their study

on Liceo de San Pablo, located at M. Paulino Street, Brgy. III-B, San Pablo City, Laguna.

Only senior high school students from Liceo de San Pablo selected as respondents. The

setup the researchers chosen makes it simple to gather data. Additionally, the Liceo de San Pablo

senior high school students are chosen by the researchers since the results of this study are

important to them as they clean their surroundings. The researchers presumed that senior high

school students are the ones that typically use commercial floor wax with a bad odor. This study

therefore perfectly fits them.

Furthermore, this study is finished in the allotted nine months and no longer. The

experiment's variables are the sole focus of this study in the interim period. First, the independent

variables in the experiment are the fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L

(papaya) fruit extracts from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon) since the wax

that are produce depends on the said fruit peel and fruit extracts. In addition, WICOLECA wax is

the dependent variable as this is the product that are produce and depends on the fruit peel from

actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and fruit extracts from cocos nucifera (coconut oil), citrus limon (lemon)

and carica papaya L (papaya). That demonstrates absolutely that this study solely focuses on the

aforementioned variables and does not engage in any activity that is outside of its scope. Lastly, the

researchers evaluated the odor of the floor wax made of the fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa

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(kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus

limon (lemon) and are answered indicated in the statement of the problem.

Significance of the Study

This study aims the production of an organic floor wax made of the fruit peel from actinidia

deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and

citrus limon (lemon). In addition, it gives importance to the following:

Liceo de San Pablo. The research study helps by using natural fruit-based waxes are sustainable

and eco-friendly.

Students. The research study can reduce the exposure to harmful chemicals, creating a safer and

healthier environment for students.

Environment. The research study implements eco-friendly alternatives aligns with the growing

emphasis on sustainability and environmental responsibility, promoting awareness among students

and staffs.

Teachers. The research study can improve indoor air quality, leading to better health and focus for

students and teachers.

Maintenance. The research study contains fewer harmful chemicals, making indoor environments

safer for occupants.

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Statement of the Problem

The goal of the research paper is to produce an organic floor wax using the fruit peel from

actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts from cocos nucifera

(coconut) and citrus limon (lemon) that has a less harmful scent than commonly produced floor

wax. In addition, managed waste of fruit peels can also benefit the environment. With that,

developing an organic made floor wax can help Liceo de San Pablo’s surrounding to have a more

pleasing odor. It sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the plan to be formulated to manage the beneficial effect of using floor wax made of

fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts from

cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon)?

2. What is the correlation of the organic made floor wax to the waste management?

3. How does the odor of the organic made floor wax affects the surroundings of Liceo de San

Pablo?

4. What is the mean level of the participants about how to dispose of certain fruit peels as

waste?

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Theoretical Framework

Figure 01. The Zero Waste Hierarchy 8.0

The Zero Waste Hierarchy was created by the Zero Waste International Alliance (ZWIA) as

a framework to tackle the escalating issues stemming from unsustainable waste management

methods and the mounting environmental consequences of worldwide waste production. ZWIA's

formulation of the Zero Waste Hierarchy underscores its dedication to advocating for sustainable

waste management practices, increasing consciousness of the environmental repercussions of waste

generation, and facilitating a global shift toward a more sustainable and circular economic model.

By aligning the use of fruit peels as an alternative for floor wax with the principles of the

Zero Waste Hierarchy, it becomes possible to reduce reliance on conventional, resource-intensive

floor wax products, promote the reuse of natural waste materials, and integrate sustainable waste

management practices to minimize the environmental footprint of floor care maintenance. This

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correlation emphasizes the importance of prioritizing sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives that

align with the principles of the Zero Waste approach.

Research Paradigm

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Fruit peel from actinidia


deliciosa (kiwi) carica papaya
L (papaya) and fruit extracts WICOLECA wax
from cocos nucifera (coconut
oil), and citrus limon (lemon)

Figure 02. The Independent Variable – Dependent Variable

In this study the researchers' dependent variable is the commercial floor wax. This includes

characteristics such as its shine, durability, fragrance, and overall performance in providing a

protective and attractive coating for floors. The specific attributes that contribute to the efficacy of

the floor wax would be the main focus of evaluation.

In the context of creating natural floor wax, the independent variables are:

Types and concentrations of fruit peel and fruit extracts: This refers to the variation in the

types of fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya peel) fruit extracts

from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon extract) used in the floor wax

formulation. Different concentrations of these ingredients might be used to assess their effects on

the properties of the resulting floor wax.

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Additional ingredients and additives: This includes other materials that might be added to the

natural floor wax formulation, such as coconut oil, carnouba wax, or emulsifiers. The variations in

the types and quantities of these additional ingredients could influence the overall performance and

characteristics of the floor wax.

Processing methods: The techniques and procedures used in the extraction, preparation, and

mixing of the fruit peel and fruit extracts, as well as other ingredients, could impact the chemical

composition and physical properties of the final floor wax product. Factors such as temperature,

duration of extraction, and mixing procedures can all affect the quality of the wax.

By systematically altering these independent variables and examining their effects on the

quality of the natural floor wax, one can better understand the optimal combination of ingredients

and processes required to produce a high-quality, effective, and eco-friendly floor wax.

Hypothesis

H0 = Fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts

from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon) has no relation in producing an

alternative floor wax called WICOLECA wax.

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Definition of Terms

Actinidia deliciosa – the scientific name of kiwi fruit.

Alternative products – this refers to another product from the original product.

carica papaya L – the scientific name of papaya fruit.

citrus limon – the scientific name of lemon fruit.

cocos nucifera – the scientific name of coconut fruit.

Cresol – a chemical that used to dissolve other chemicals.

Eco-friendly solutions – products that will not cause any harm in the environment.

Floor wax – a wax-based substance used to polish and give floors a glossy finish by increasing the

hardness of the surface.

Formaldehyde – a chemical that is used to produce fertilizers, paper, plywood, and some resins.

Nitrobenzene –it is a chemical used to make oils for motors and machines.

Perchloroethylene – a chemical that is used in dry cleaning operations.

Phenol – a chemical that is used for water repellants, paint removers, and lubricants.

Renewable materials – a material created from renewable natural resources that can be replenished

over time.

Toluene – a chemical that is used for fingernail polish, laquers, and rubber.

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Waste Management – the various waste management and disposal schemes.

WICOLECA wax – the combination of the kiwi, cocus nucifera, lemon, and carica papaya.

Xylene – a chemical that is primarily used as cleaning agent, thinner for paint, and in varnishes.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

A floor polisher is used to shine the floor. The study shows that waste products are good as

an alternative to shine surfaces. This can be substituted to commercial floor polisher and its more

ecofriendly. In this chapter, it provides details about related literature and studies found on the

internet.

Local Literature

Alzate and Cacal (2019) discussed that the use Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) is an

effective insect repellent floorwax. The data garnered proved its effectiveness on repelling insects

due to its insecticidal properties such as high citral and geraniol property it also showcases the

effective scents and eliminating odor in terms of the conventional floor wax. The utilization of

lemongrass shows the effective way of using fruits and vegetable as an alternative floor wax.

In addition, according to Alcaraz et. al. (2018), that floor wax is well known for its serious

effect in human health. There are detrimental effects on the human respiratory system and

integumentary system.

Foreign Literature

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Anburaj (2022) explained that lemon extract is renewed for its high vitamins C content

antioxidant attributes. Specially, lemon peels contain fiber, vitamin C, as well as amount of

calcium, magnesium, and potassium, the citrus peels contribute significantly to brightening the

surfaces and diminishing oily residues. The natural ingredients have significantly enhanced the

disinfectant’s efficacy and improved its ability to clean floor and surfaces.

Krendlinger and Wolfrneir (2022) stated that the cuticular palm wax comprise a group of

chemical compounds found not only in plants, but also in various plants. Palms in general are

incredibly versatile plants, with certain varieties offering complete utility across various purposes.

Palm wax isn’t directly created by palms themselves. Palm oil is extracted from the yellow-orange

fresh of these fruits. Palm kernels oil, solid at room temperature, finds preferred use in chocolate

prulines, and confectionary, and is derived from the kernels of the oil palms fruits.

Currently, the high public notice and interest of using ford products and utilizing it have

been an interest for its affordable cost. Most importantly, the result it brought to the environment

(Majumder and Annegowda, 2021)

As explained by Ilham et. al. (2019), in line with the conflict of chemical insecticides, it is

vital to study the natural insecticides obtain from plants papaya leaves that are young and fresh are

wealthy in flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, carpaines, and other polyphenols.

Local Studies

Manimtim (2019) stated that in recent times, numerous people are using different brands of

floor wax that is effective. But despite of its effectiveness, the danger of those products is not seen.

This can cause disease as this contains chemical contents that is dangerous when heated.

Based on the findings of Andrade et. al. (2018), MUSASA is a multipurpose wax. It

involves from being a simple floor wax now to clean and eliminate bacteria. The intend of the study

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is to help group of people to clean their surroundings. It will be effortless by cleaning and maintain

the quality of one’s belongings such as leather shoes by using the said product. The researchers

successfully made a flexible wax out of banana peel.

According to the study of Alcaraz et. al. (2019) from the University of Sto. Tomas, they

proved that the use of banana peel as an alternative floor wax is effective in shining the floors.

Furthermore, Gabrido et. al. (2019) stated that the utilization of mango also demonstrates

that the use of mango peel can be an alternative stabilizer for floor wax.

Foreign Studies

According to Casip and Ranido (2019), To sustain the tidiness and shiness of the floor,

making a floor wax made of fruit is sustainable to lower express in any school or household. This is

also to lessen the source of issue in the environment nowadays in terms of proper waste disposal.

Sha et. al (2019) cited that fruit plays a pivotal role in the lives of human. It provides

nutrients and other beneficial vitamins that can help a human growth. With thus, the fruit industries

produce masses of waste that became a global concern. By using the zero waste theory there are

many beneficial aspects that can help to alleviate the rise of fruit waste product.

Maqbool et. al. (2019) discussed that the citrus industry produces a large amount of waste

yearly. Every citrus waste has a high bioactive substances and phytochemicals, essential oils (EOs)

also ascorbic acid, sugar, carotenoids, flavonoids, dietary fiber, polyphenols, and a scope of trace

elements.

Kiaesgkevarian et. al. (2019) stated that organic products are increasing as a result of

awareness in health and nutritional quality that introduction consumers demand. The region's

ecological balance and soil health are preserved by using organic manures. In addition to make the

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product eco-friendly, the study uses organic culture to protect human health and the environment

and increase the products quality and shelf life.

Synthesis

The use of an organic wax can sustain the tidiness and shiness of the floor, making a floor

wax made of fruit is sustainable to lower express in any school or household. This is also to lessen

the source of issue in the environment nowadays in terms of proper waste disposal.

In recent times, numerous people are using different brands of floor wax that is effective.

But despite of its effectiveness, the danger of those products is not seen. This can cause disease as

this contains chemical contents that is dangerous when heated.

Floor wax are well known for its serious effect in human health. There are detrimental

effects on the human respiratory system and integumentary system.

The use of lemon extract is renowned for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant

attributes. Lemon peels contains fiber, vitamin C, as well as amount of calcium, magnesium, and

potassium, the citrus peels contribute significantly to brightening the surfaces and diminishing oily

residues. The natural ingredients have significantly enhanced the disinfectant’s efficacy and

improved its ability to clean floor and surfaces.

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In line with the conflict of chemical insecticides, it is vital to study the natural insecticides

obtain from plants papaya leaves that are young and fresh are wealthy in flavonoid compounds,

alkaloids, carpaines, and other polyphenols.

The literature and the studies found by the researchers proved that the use of fruits is

effective as an alternative floor polisher that are environmentally friendly and it can reduce threats

in human health.

CHAPTER III

METHOD

This chapter of the study, the researchers used research design, participants, instruments,

data gathering procedure, and data analysis to determine the study.

Research Design

The researchers used a quantitative approach. With this approach, it helped the researcher to

gather information regarding the study. In addition, the researchers did a pure experimental study,

with this they are able to identify if the production of WICOLECA wax can be an alternative floor

polisher.

Participants

The researchers selected Grade 12 students and the school maintenance of Liceo de San

Pablo. The participants helped to determine if the WICOLECA wax can be an alternative floor

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polisher. The researchers used cluster sampling to gather data from the participants. There are 73

participants. This is the combination of students and school maintenance.

Research Instrument

To get the appropriate data needed, the researchers used kiwi (actinidia deliciosa) and

papaya (carica papaya l) peel, coconut oil (cocos nucifera) and lemon (citrus limon) extract, and

other organic materials to create an alternative floor polisher. The researchers also be doing product

testing to determine the results.

Process

1. Prepare the materials such as 100 grams of coconut oil, 85 grams of kiwi flesh, 10 grams of

kiwi peel, 20 grams of lemon extract, 15 grams of grated papaya peel, 40 grams of beeswax,

and 10 grams of carnauba wax.

2. Using the butane gas and pan. Sauté the kiwi flesh and peel in the coconut oil.

Figure 03. Process number 2


3. Use the strainer to extract and separate the oil from the kiwi peel and flesh.

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4. In a separate pan. Sauté the lemon peel and the lemon extract.

Figure 04. Process number 3

Figure 05. Process number 4 Figure 06. Process number 5

5. Once again use the strainer to strain the lemon peel.

Figure 07. Process number 6

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6. Add 100 grams of coconut oil to the pot.

Figure 08. Process number 7

7. Add the Carnauba Wax and wait for the wax to melt.

Figure 09. Process number 8

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8. Then add the beeswax, then stir until melted.

Figure 10. Process number 9

9. Add all the oils garnered from the kiwi and lemon.

10. Add the papaya peel and stir

Figure 11. Process number 10

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11. Transfer to a container until it solidifies.

Figure 12. Process number 11

12. Crush the solidified wax.

13. Using a food processor emulsify the wax with coconut oil.

Materials

Figure 13. Kiwi peel Figure 14. Papaya peel (Grated) Figure 15. Coconut oil

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Figure 16. Lemon extract Figure 17. Carnauba wax Figure 18. Beeswax

Figure 19. Juicer Figure 20. Weighing Scale Figure 21. Food Processor

Figure 22. Butane Gas Stove

Data Gathering

The researchers analyzed on how the data are managed and how the researchers collected

the data using survey questionnaires specifically the use of Likert scale in the questionnaires. In

addition, the researchers also observed the outcome of the alternative floor polisher.

Data Analysis

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The empirical data are interpreted and it includes the insights of the respondents. The study

used textual aid to perform and give the data. Graphs, figures, and statistical approaches are also

used. The researchers used analysis of variance also known as ANOVA.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this chapter, the researchers present the results using graphical representations and

discuss the data gathered. This helped to further explain the data that are garnered through the use

of survey questionnaires. In addition, this chapter tackled the analysis of data garnered and the

tabulation of data.

Tabulation

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Presentation of Results

The researchers used Likert scale to determine if the WICOLECA floor polisher can be an

alternative. They have 71 participants in this study. Below are the results of the conducted survey:

For statement number 1, 53.5% of the participants agrees, 45.1% strongly agrees, and 1.4 %

answered neutral.

Figure 23. Survey results for statement number one

For statement number 2, 47.9% of the participants answered agree, 33.8% of them answered

strongly agree, 15.5% answered neutral, and 2.8% disagreed on the statement.

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Figure 24. Survey results for statement number two

For the third statement, 50.7% agrees, 36.6% strongly agrees, 9.9% answered neutral, and

2.8% of the participants answered disagree.

Figure 25. Survey results for statement number three

For the fourth statement, 68.6% of the participants answered strongly agree, 30% answered

agrees, 1.4% answered neutral, and one participant does not have any answer for this statement.

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Figure 26. Survey results for statement number four

For the fifth statement, 57.7% answered strongly agree, 35.2% agree, 4.2% answered

neutral, 2.8% of the participants disagreed in this statement.

Figure 27. Survey results for statement number five

For the sixth statement, 53.5% strongly agree, 40.8% agrees, and 5.6 % of the participants

answered neutral.

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Figure 28. Survey results for statement number six

For the seventh statement, 41.4% agree, 34.3% strongly agree, 15.7% answered neutral, 7.1%

disagrees, 1.4% answered strongly disagree, and one participant does not have an answer for this

statement.

Figure 29. Survey results for statement number seven

For the eighth statement, 50% agrees, 24.3 % of the participants answered strongly agree

and neutral, 1.4% answered disagree, and one participant does not have an answer in this statement.

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Figure 30. Survey results for statement number eight

For the ninth statement, 67.6% of the participants answered strongly agree, 26.8% answered

agrees, and 5.6% are neutral in this statement.

Figure 31. Survey results for statement number nine

For the last statement, 73.2% of the participants answered strongly agree, 25.4% agrees, and

1.4% answered neutral.

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Figure 32. Survey results for statement number ten

Analysis of Results

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Groups Sample Sum Average Variance
1. WICOLECA floor polisher is better for waste
71 315 4.4366 0.2781
management because it produces less waste.

2. The smell of the WICOLECA floor polisher is


71 293 4.1268 0.5980
pleasing.

3. WICOLECA floor polisher containing coconut


oil and lemon extract is more effective in 71 299 4.2113 0.5404
providing shine and protection to floors.

4. The use of natural floor wax using fruit


extracts aligns with the preference for eco- 70 327 4.6714 0.2528
friendly products.

5. The application of WICOLECA floor polisher


71 318 4.4789 0.5103
is more easily spreading.

6. Using WICOLECA floor polisher makes the


71 318 4.4789 0.3674
floor shiny.

7. WICOLECA floor polisher is slippery. 70 280 4 0.9275

8. WICOLECA floor polisher is long-lasting. 70 278 3.9714 0.5499

9. WICOLECA floor polisher contributes to a


healthier indoor environment for students and 71 328 4.6197 0.3533
staff of Liceo de San Pablo.

10. WICOLECA floor polisher is eco-friendly. 71 335 4.7183 0.2338

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Interpretation
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 48.0896 9 5.3433 11.5994 4.4607E-17 1.8933
69
Within Groups 321.0758551 7 0.4607

70
Total 369.165488 6

Figure 33. Survey results about WICOLECA as an alternative floor polisher

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Discussion

The researcher employed ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test in order utilize and determine

whether there are statistically significant differences between the means of three or more

independent groups. In this context, the ANOVA test was applied to compare the means of the

different statements. By conducting the ANOVA test, the researchers assessed whether any

observed differences between the groups are statistically significant, or if they could reasonably

occur due to random variation.

The researchers interpreted the ANOVA results, the F-value represents the variance ratio

between the groups to the variance within the groups. A larger F-value indicates a greater

difference between the group means relative to the variation within each group. The F critical value

is a threshold used to determine whether the observed F-value is large enough to reject the null

hypothesis. Suppose the calculated F-value exceeds the critical value, and the associated p-value is

less than the chosen significance level (often 0.05). In that case, it suggests strong evidence against

the null hypothesis, leading to its rejection.

In the study, the F value (11.5994) is larger than the F critical value (1.8933 and the P-value

(4.4607E-17) is less than the significance level (0.05). Therefore, the researchers reject the null

hypothesis that fruit peel from actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) and carica papaya L (papaya) fruit extracts

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from cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and citrus limon (lemon) have no relation in producing an

alternative floor wax called WICOLECA wax.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION

Summary

The researchers have been actively exploring natural alternatives to conventional household

items like floor waxes, driven by increasing environmental concerns. This study focuses on

developing an eco-friendly floor wax utilizing ingredients such as coconut oil, lemon extracts,

papaya, and kiwi peels. Unlike their commercial counterparts containing hazardous substances like

formaldehyde and cresol, fruit-based waxes offer a non-toxic and biodegradable solution. By

utilizing processing by-products, with fruit and vegetable waste fractions accounting for 10-60%,

the study aims to promote sustainable practices in everyday household maintenance.

The culmination of extensive research efforts has resulted in the successful development of

WICOLECA wax, a floor polisher derived from organic fruit peel and extracts. Through rigorous

experimentation and thorough data analysis, the efficacy and environmental benefits of

WICOLECA wax as a substitute for traditional floor wax have been demonstrated. Participant

feedback, measured via a Likert scale, underscores the effectiveness of WICOLECA wax in

reducing environmental impact, further emphasizing the significance of adopting sustainable

approaches to household care.

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Liceo de San Pablo

The findings of this study highlight the importance of embracing eco-friendly alternatives in

school maintenance practices. By incorporating products like WICOLECA wax into schools,

healthier indoor environments can be fostered while simultaneously promoting broader ecological

preservation efforts. These goals, persistent implementation of sustainable practices is essential,

emphasizing the need for continued exploration and adoption of environmentally friendly solutions

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study highlights the urgent need for eco-friendly household maintenance

solutions due to increasing environmental concerns. Through rigorous research, the researchers

successfully developed WICOLECA wax, a sustainable floor polisher derived from organic fruit

peels and extracts. Demonstrating its efficacy in replacing hazardous conventional waxes,

WICOLECA offers a non-toxic, biodegradable solution for school floor maintenance. Its

implementation not only fosters healthier indoor environments but also supports broader ecological

preservation efforts, promoting a culture of sustainability among future generations. Positive

feedback and robust data analysis validate the benefits of embracing eco-friendly alternatives.

Moving forward, sustained research efforts are crucial for expanding such solutions. The

researchers’ findings emphasize the importance of adopting sustainable practices, rejecting the null

hypothesis and showcasing the potential of products like WICOLECA to mitigate environmental

impact and pave the way for a more sustainable future.

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Liceo de San Pablo

Recommendation

This paper addressed an experimental study on how to produce an alternative floor polisher

that are useful in making the a much more eco-friendlier approach, the floor polisher has a much

more advantageous approach in eliminating malodorous smell of the traditional floor wax, the

waste management, user safety, practicality, and individual initiatives.

Based on the responses of the respondents and participants, as well as the researchers’

experiment, the results demonstrate that it is already possible and effective to make WICOLECA

Wax. However, there are some recommendations that researchers would like to address for the

readers and future researchers if they would like to study this topic. Based on these papers which

will serve as a reference for the challenges faced in making an alternative floor polisher made of

fruits.

1. Making the wax much slippery in terms of its efficacy.

2. The use of spices for more aromatics.

3. The use of oils for the floor wax to shine more.

4. Using local fruits for easier gathering of materials.

5. The use of other natural wax for its long lasting effect.

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Liceo de San Pablo

6. Addition of making a precautionary measures and storage

7. Addition of making an instruction on how to use and store.

8. Adding an expiration date on the product.

References

Afifi et al. (2023) Citrus Waste as Source of Bioactive Compounds: Extraction and Utilization in

Health and Food Industry. Journal volume & issueVol. 28, no. 4 p. 1636.

Available at: https://doaj.org/article/4e47af4bcc534ae1ad0b68bd35641dd2?

fbclid=IwAR2NgFn_MOTOwrg1tGfzpUMxMaNJksmvYGgyyZW2Y_gRG2IshCwU9oRhnnI

Alcaraz et al. (2019) Effectiveness of Musa Paradisiaca (Banana) Peel as an Alternative to

Commercial Floor Wax for Household Use in the Philippines. Asia Pacific Journal of

Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 7 No.2, 38-48 May 2019 P-ISSN 2350-7756 E-ISSN 2350-8442

CHED Recognized Journal ASEAN Citation Index.

Available at:

https://www.academia.edu/42254147/Effectiveness_of_Musa_Paradisiaca_Banana_Peel_as_an_Alt

ernative_to_Commercial_Floor_Wax_for_Household_Use_in_the_Philippines

Alceda et al. (2017) BANANA PEEL AS AN ALTERNATIVE FLOOR WAX. Paramount school

of arts, languages, management, and sciences.

37
Liceo de San Pablo

Available at:

https://www.academia.edu/37133078/BANANA_PEEL_AS_AN_ALTERNATIVE_FLOOR_WA

Andrade et al. (2018) MUSASA: An Antibacterial Multipurpose Wax out of Banana (Musa

sapientum) Peel and Calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa). Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): Ascendens Asia

Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts.

Available at: https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/AAJMRA/article/view/4636?

fbclid=IwAR3sGCGFsu8mbDOwCzCs9EW5sWpZQFfekPSMQX8ZKtDBcIDkaBWG74mw2U8

Avula et al. (2015) The feasibility of mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel as an alternative substrate

for butanol production. January 28, 2015; Peer review completed: April 19, 2015; Revised version

received and accepted: May 7, 2015; Published: June 1, 2015. DOI: 10.15376/biores.10.3.4453-

4459.

Available at: https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/the-feasibility-of-mango-mangifera-

indica-l-peel-as-an-alternative-substrate-for-butanol-production/?

fbclid=IwAR1S7Tcc7d9e03K1DDXN0S8dZdUFGOFQlAYqSunfYr8hulAHXqGU0rGvN7A

Bhardwaj et al. (2020) Fruit and Vegetable Peels: Utilization of High Value Horticultural Waste in

Novel Industrial Applications. Molecules, EISSN 1420-3049, Published by MDPI

Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/14203049/25/12/2812?

fbclid=IwAR193kVmUAWh_k8evrtjNbigrgZHnS4I_4RVJ3a599cx-UuvGusnZu1f1E

Bhattacharjee et al. (2023) Fruit waste: a current perspective for the sustainable production of

pharmacological, nutraceutical, and bioactive resources. Published in Frontiers in Microbiology.

Available at: https://doaj.org/article/21a4506f96a2405b9294b96d8716234c?

fbclid=IwAR2c2LLLudochT9wadtnNNKMaFabdYaPJO4sAllARm_JJa5pGyaAw1RiNBg

38
Liceo de San Pablo

Bondoc et al. (2019) Utilization of Mango (Mangifera indica Lin.) Pectin as an Alternative

Stabilizer for Floorwax. Vol. 3 No. 2K (2019): Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary

Research Abstracts.

Available at: [https://www.ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/AAJMRA/article/view/7779?

fbclid=IwAR21otwliwOX6khDej3vfD0D3JH7_JSG-6osWcsVwTb_jHcnGaol3mVulLw](https://

www.ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/AAJMRA/article/view/7779?fbclid=I

39
Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDICES

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Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDIX A
FEBRUARY 28, 2024
TO: MS. EMETERIA P. DAYAN
Senior High School Academic Coordinator
Liceo de San Pablo
Praise be the name of Jesus and Mary!
Dear Ma’am,
The research group of Saint Paul the First Hermit named SP4 - PAULever for the Lord is
conducting a study titled, “WICOLECA WAX: MAKING AN ALTERNATIVE FLOOR
POLISHER MADE OF KIWI (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) AND PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L)
PEEL AND COCONUT OIL (COCOS NUCIFERA), LEMON (CITRUS LIMON) EXTRACT”.
In line with this, they will conduct a trial and error and product testing.
The researchers would like to ask permission to use the Biology Laboratory on March 4,
2024 – March 8, 2024 and the place behind the stair case going to the second floor of main
building. All of the equipment and materials will be provided by the researchers. They would also
like to ask permission to use butane gas stove and the use of electricity in the laboratory for the
usage of food processor. They will assure to use the facilities properly and will not cause any
damages. The researchers will be accompanied by their research adviser during the trial and error
process.

Yours in Christ through Mary,

Lorence Aeron M. Calabia BJ A. Colimbino Alliah Pearl C. Favorito


Researcher Researcher Researcher

Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan Cyril Jeff L. Quinto


Researcher Researcher

Recommending Approvals:

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mr. Mark Edward L. Herrera


Research Coordinator Science Coordinator

Approved by:

Ms. Emeteria P. Dayan


Senior High School Academic Coordinator

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Liceo de San Pablo

FEBRUARY 12, 2024

TO: MS. EMETERIA P. DAYAN


Senior High School Academic Coordinator
Liceo de San Pablo
Praise be the name of Jesus and Mary!
Dear Ma’am,
The research groups of Saint Paul the First Hermit would like to ask permission to conduct a trial and
error on the following days and time:
Tuesday – 8:00 am – 9:00 am
Wednesday – 10:20 am – 11:20 am
1:00 pm – 2:00 pm
They would also like to ask permission to use the Biology Laboratory during the said days and times.
Some of the materials and equipment will be provided by the researchers and below are some materials and
equipment they would like to borrow in the laboratory:
 Potassium Sorbate
 Beaker
 Measuring Cylinder
 Filter Paper
 Oil lamp
 Tripod stand
 Wire Gause
In addition, they would like to ask permission to use a butane gas stove that every group will provide and
will assure to use the facilities properly and will not cause any damages. The researchers will be accompanied by
their research adviser during the trial-and-error process.
Yours in Christ through Mary,

Alliah Jenelle M. Biglete Raphael Joshua B. Catipon Eoine Gabrielle T. Bentulan


SP1 - Leader SP2 - Leader SP3 - Leader

Alliah Pearl C. Favorito Hannah Bea A. De Guzman Justin Kenneth B. Putungan


SP4 - Leader SP5 – Leader SP6 – Leader

Stephanie Mae A. Intoy Kent Leinard M. Buera Paul Sebastian B. Castillo


SP7 - Leader SP8 – Leader SP9 – Leader

Recommending Approvals:

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome


Research Coordinator

Mr. Mark Edward L. Herrera


Science Coordinator

Approved by:

Ms. Emeteria P. Dayan


Senior High School Academic Coordinator

42
Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDIX B
JANUARY 9, 2024

TO: MS. EMETERIA P. DAYAN


Senior High School Academic Coordinator
Liceo de San Pablo

Praise be the name of Jesus and Mary!


Dear Ma’am,
The research group of Saint Paul the First Hermit named SP4 - PAULever for the Lord is
conducting a study titled, “WICOLECA WAX: MAKING AN ALTERNATIVE FLOOR
POLISHER MADE OF KIWI (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) AND PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L)
PEEL AND COCONUT OIL (COCOS NUCIFERA), LEMON (CITRUS LIMON) EXTRACT”.
In accordance, the researchers will be buying materials needed for the study. It is agreed upon that
the researchers will be having a contribution of twenty - peso (Php 20.00) every day except
Saturdays and Sundays. This will help the researchers to provide the best in their study and for the
improvement of the quality of life.

Yours in Christ through Mary,

Lorence Aeron M. Calabia BJ A. Colimbino Alliah Pearl C. Favorito


Researcher Researcher Researcher

Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan Cyril Jeff L. Quinto


Researcher Researcher

Recommending Approval:

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome


Research Adviser

Approved by:

Ms. Emeteria P. Dayan


Senior High School Academic Coordinator

43
Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDIX C
PARENTAL CONSENT

DATE: _________________

I, __________________________ parent/guardian of ______________________________

is allowing him/her to stay at the school premises beyond school hours. As they will be having trial

and error for their research entitled “WICOLECA WAX: WICOLECA WAX: Making an

Alternative Floor Polisher Made of Kiwi (actinidia deliciosa) and Papaya (carica papaya l) Peel

and Coconut Oil (cocos nucifera), Lemon (citrus limon) Extract”.

________________________________________________
Signature over Printed Name of Parent/Guardian

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Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDIX D
WICOLECA WAX: PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FLOOR POLISHER MADE OF
KIWI (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) AND PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L) PEEL AND
COCONUT OIL (COCOS NUCIFERA), LEMON (CITRUS LIMON) EXTRACT

The objective of this study is to know the proficiency of using natural materials as an
effective alternative to commercially based floor wax. Also, the researcher namely Lorence Aeron
M. Calabia, BJ A. Colimbino, Alliah Pearl C. Favorito, Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan, and Cyril
Jeff L. Quinto would like to know if the scent that will be emitted by the natural floor wax and its
safety for human use. The following questions will help the researchers to determine the if the
WICOLECA floor polisher can be an alternative floor polisher and the efficacy and proficiency of a
natural made floor wax. The questions will be in form of Likert scale.

Kindly check the box if you are willing to participate in the study.

YES, I am willing to participate.

NO, I am not willing to participate.


______________________________________________
Signature of the Participant

Direction: Read and understood the statements provided. Put a tick on the box based on your
observation.

5- Strongly Agree 4- Agree 3- Neutral 2- Disagree 1- Strongly Disagree

5 4 3 2 1
Strongly Agre Neutral Disagree Strongly
Agree e Disagree
Correlation to waste management.
1. WICOLECA floor polisher is better
for waste management because it
produces less waste.
Odor effects on surroundings.
2. The smell of the WICOLECA floor
polisher is pleasing.
Participant knowledge of fruit peel disposal.

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Liceo de San Pablo

3. WICOLECA floor polisher


containing coconut oil and lemon
extract is more effective in
providing shine and protection to
floors.
4. The use of natural floor wax using
fruit extracts aligns with the
preference for eco-friendly
products.
Application and Performance
5. The application of WICOLECA
floor polisher is more easily
spreading.
6. Using WICOLECA floor polisher
makes the floor shiny.
7. WICOLECA floor polisher is
slippery.
8. WICOLECA floor polisher is long-
lasting.
Health and Environment
9. WICOLECA floor polisher
contributes to a healthier indoor
environment for students and staff
of Liceo de San Pablo.
10. WICOLECA floor polisher is eco-
friendly.

46
Liceo de San Pablo

APPENDIX E

Informed Consent for the Survey

Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam!

The researchers of Saint Paul the First Hermit, STEM strand is conducting a study about
“WICOLECA WAX: PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FLOOR POLISHER MADE OF
KIWI (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) AND PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L) PEEL AND
COCONUT OIL (COCOS NUCIFERA), LEMON (CITRUS LIMON) EXTRACT”. The
researchers would like to know your willingness to participate in the given study and answer the
given statements according to your understanding. Your anonymity will be kept and secured by the
researchers. All the data collected will be safeguarded. Lastly, the researchers will not exploit the
individual responses of the respondents. Rather, the researchers will evaluate the usefulness of
responses in general. All of these are only for scholarly reasons. Thank you for your consideration
and patience.

Respectfully yours,

Lorence Aeron M. Calabia


BJ A. Colimbino
Alliah Pearl C. Favorito
Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan
Cyril Jeff L. Quinto
Kindly check the box if you are willing to participate in the study.

YES, I am willing to participate.

NO, I am not willing to participate.

______________________________________________
Signature of the Participant/Respondent

47
Liceo de San Pablo

CURRICULUM
VITAE

48
Liceo de San Pablo

Lorence Aeron M. Calabia


Brgy. San Gregorio
San Pablo City, Laguna
lorenceaeroncalabia09@gmail.com
0999 471 9740
OBJECTIVE
To motivate people and have a successful career.

EDUCATION
Elementary
Don Enrique Bautista Elementary School
2012-2018
High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2018-2022
Senior High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2022 – Present

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name of Mother: Lorna M. Calabia
Age:
Occupation: Business Woman
Name of Father: Cesar C. Calabia
Age:
Occupation: Chemical Engineer
Date of Birth: December 29, 2005
Gender: Male
Civil Statuts: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic

SPECIAL SKILLS
o Dancing o Effective Communication o Flexibility
o Drawing o Singing o Problem-solving Skills
REFERENCES

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mrs. Jean Roselle P. Calderon Grade 12 Department


Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo

Thus, I certify that above information is reliable and accurate to the best of my knowledge.

49
Liceo de San Pablo

BJ A. Colimbino
Lorence Aeron M. Calabia
Brgy. Sto. Niño
San Pablo City, Laguna
bj.colimbino@gmail.com
0930 427 0655
OBJECTIVE
To inspire other people and to be a successful person.

EDUCATION
Elementary
Sto. Niño Elementary School
2012-2018
High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2018-2022
Senior High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2022 – Present

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name of Mother: Remedios A. Colimbino
Age: 46
Occupation: House Wife
Name of Father: Erwin A. Colimbino
Age: 48
Occupation: Deputy
Date of Birth: April 7, 2006
Gender: Male
Civil Statuts: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic

SPECIAL SKILLS
o Layout skills o Teamwork o Creative
o Researching o Willingness to Learn o Open-mindedness

REFERENCES

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mrs. Jean Roselle P. Calderon Grade 12 Department


Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo

Thus, I certify that above information is reliable and accurate to the best of my knowledge.

50
Liceo de San Pablo

Alliah Pearl C. Favorito


Brgy. San Ignacio BJ A. Colimbino
San Pablo City, Laguna
favoritoalliahpearl@gmail.com
0917 180 2122
OBJECTIVE
To empower individuals to accept nothing less than the best
and to have a better future.

EDUCATION
Elementary
Niño Jesus Science Oriented Montesorri School
2012-2013
Liceo de San Pablo
2013-2014
San Anton Elementary School
2014-2018
High School
Liceo de San Pablo 2018 – 2022
Senior High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2022 – Present
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name of Mother: Aphrodite C. Favorito
Age: 41
Occupation: Business Woman
Name of Father: Percival M. Favorito
Age: 42
Occupation: Deceased
Date of Birth: July 31, 2006
Gender: Female
Civil Statuts: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
SPECIAL SKILLS
o Leadership Skills o Willingness to Learn o Integrity
o Layout Skills o Time Management Skills o Open-mindedness
REFERENCES

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mrs. Jean Roselle P. Calderon Grade 12 Department


Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo

51
Liceo de San Pablo

Thus, I certify that above information is reliable and accurate to the best of my knowledge.

Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan


Brgy. San Vicente Alliah Pearl C. Favorito
San Pablo City, Laguna
marco.matanguihan2006@gmail.com
0956 837 5836
OBJECTIVE
To learn is the path of knowledge and
through that knowledge we can cure ignorance.

EDUCATION
Elementary
Liceo de Calamba
2011-2013
Calamba Central
2014-2015
Liceo de San Pablo
2015-2018
High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2018 – 2022
Senior High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2022 – Present
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name of Mother: Rina M. Matanguihan
Age: 40
Occupation: Business Woman
Name of Father: Ivan Antonio M. Matanguihan
Age: 44
Occupation: Deceased
Date of Birth: March 17, 2006
Gender: Male
Civil Statuts: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
SPECIAL SKILLS
o Leadership o Adaptability
o Communication
o Creative o Decision-making
REFERENCES

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mrs. Jean Roselle P. Calderon Grade 12 Department


Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo

52
Liceo de San Pablo

Thus, I certify that above information is reliable and accurate to the best of my knowledge.
Cyril Jeff L. Quinto
Brgy. Bagong Anyo Marco Antonio M. Matanguihan
Dolores, Quezon
cyriljeffq30@gmail.com
0939 302 1312
OBJECTIVE
Every day I do something small toward achieving success
With my life goals. When I achieve one, I set another!

EDUCATION
Elementary
Dolores Central School
2011-2018
High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2018 – 2022
Senior High School
Liceo de San Pablo
2022 – Present

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name of Mother: Ellen L. Quinto
Age: 48
Occupation: Teacher
Name of Father: Cirilio S. Quinto
Age: 54
Occupation: Driver
Date of Birth: October 30, 2006
Gender: Male
Civil Statuts: Single
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic

SPECIAL SKILLS
o Exceptionally well organized, o Strong analytical and human relations skill,
resourceful and highly motivated effective in performing academic tasks
REFERENCES

Ms. Wendie R. Bartolome Mrs. Jean Roselle P. Calderon Grade 12 Department


Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo Liceo de San Pablo

53
Liceo de San Pablo

Thus, I certify that above information is reliable and accurate to the best of my knowledge.

Cyril Jeff L. Quinto

54

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