Lesson 6 Sanitary Drainage Systems
Lesson 6 Sanitary Drainage Systems
DRAINAGE
SYSTEMS
JAYNE MARIN | MIKAELA ESPINA
BSCE 2-1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Flow Rate and Pressure: The volume and pressure of the fluid or gas determine the pipe size and
pumping power required to maintain circulation.
Pipe Materials: Different materials like steel, copper, PVC, or concrete suit various fluids and
pressure conditions.
System Layout: The piping network is planned to optimize efficiency and minimize material usage.
Valves and Controls: Valves are essential for regulating flow, isolating sections for maintenance, and
ensuring system safety in case of emergencies.
Building Codes and Safety Standards: Pipe design adheres to relevant building and safety codes to
guarantee structural integrity and protect occupants from hazards like leaks or explosions.
PIPES THAT ARE COMMONLY USED IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Used for hot water drainage Used for large diameter building
due to its higher temperature sewers or external drainage
tolerance than standard PVC. applications.
FLOOR DESIGN
Floor design in sanitary drainage systems refers to the strategic
planning and construction of a building's floor to effectively
remove wastewater and maintain good hygiene.
PURPOSE OF FLOOR DESIGN
Direct Wastewater Flow: The floor design should slope strategically to channel wastewater from
fixtures (sinks, toilets, etc.) towards the drainpipes efficiently. This prevents stagnant water and
minimizes the risk of clogs.
Material Selection: The flooring material should be waterproof, easy to clean, and resistant to mold
and mildew growth in a damp environment.
COMMON FLOOR DESIGNS
FUs provide a consistent method for By understanding the total drainage Following the FU values specified in
engineers to design drainage systems, load (sum of FU values), pipes with the NPCP helps ensure compliance
ensuring they can handle the expected the appropriate diameter and with building regulations and
wastewater flow from various fixtures. capacity can be selected to prevent promotes proper drainage system
clogs and ensure efficient wastewater function.
removal.
Fixture Fixture Unit (FU)
Water closet 3
Lavatory 1
EXAMPLE OF FIXTURE
UNITS IN THE Bath tub 2
PHILIPPINES
ACCORDING TO Shower 2
Preventing Easy to
Contamination Clean
Corrosion Optimized
Resistance Flow
Clamps and Tri-Clamp Butt Weld Threaded
Ferrules Fittings Fittings Fittings
These fittings are used They are popular for These fittings are Threaded sanitary
to connect pipes and their ease of assembly welded directly onto fittings feature
secure them together. and disassembly, the pipe, creating a external or internal
They are widely used making them suitable smooth and seamless threads that allow
in industries where for applications that connection. easy connection
frequent disassembly require frequent without welding.
and cleaning are cleaning.
required.
CAST IRON PIPING
This is durable and is conveniently
installed in most of the plumbing
needs in buildings that are less
than 25 storeys high because
water usually leaks at joints due
to vibration.
CAST IRON
It is affected to a certain extent by
corrosion caused by the action of
carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and
methane gases forming a solution of
carbonic acid and sulphuric acid which
attack the metallic materials, causing a
slow chemical reaction or oxidation to
take place forming ferrous oxide,
called rusts.
TYPES OF CAST IRON
Floor Cleanouts
Found in horizontally positioned building drain or
sewer lines that are installed in the floor or in the
ground.
Wall Cleanouts
Placed in vertically positioned stacks. Should be
located no higher than 48 inches (1.2m) above the
floor.
CLEANOUTS ARE GENERALLY REQUIRED:
At each change of direction of the horizontal building drainage system greater than
60 degrees; the total of the fittings between cleanouts shall not exceed 120 degrees.
SIZE OF CLEANOUTS
DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT SYSTEMS
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