1

SHAURYA 2.0
Matrices And Determinants DPP: 15.5

1. If A is an identity matrix of order 3, then A–1 is 5 2a 1 

equal to 7. If B = 0 2 1  is the inverse of a 3 × 3 matrix A,
(a) Is equal to null matrix  
(b) Is equal to A a 3 −1
(c) Is equal to 3A then the sum of all values of 'a' for which det
(d) Does not exist (A) + 1 = 0 is
(a) 0 (b) – 1
2. The element in the first row and the third column of (c) 1 (d) 2
1 2 −3
the inverse of the matrix 0 1 2  is 1 1 1 2  1 3 1 n − 1 1 78
8. If   
1  0  .....  =  then the
0 0 1  0 1 0 1 0 1  0 1 
(a) –2 (b) 0 1 n 
inverse of  
(c) 1 (d) 7 0 1 
 1 0
3. If A5 = 0 such that An ≠ I for 1 ≤ n ≤ 4, then (a)  
(I – A)−1 is equal to 12 1 
(a) A4 (b) A3 1 −13
(c) I + A (d) None of these (b)  
0 1 
4. If a matrix A is such that 3A3 + 2A2 + 5A + I = 0,
then its inverse is 1 −12 
(c) 
(a) – (3A2 + 2A + 5I) (b) (3A2 + 2A + 5I) 0 1 
(c) (3A2 – 2A – 5I) (d) (3A2 + 2A – 5I)
1 13
(d) 
0 1 0 0 1 
5. The inverse of matrix A = 1 0 0  is,
9. If A is an 3 × 3 invertible matrix then state which is
0 0 1  correct-
(a) A (b) – AT 1. For any scalar (non -zero), kA is invertible.
1 0 0  1 0 0  1
2. (kA)–1 = A–1
(c) 0 1 0  (d) 1 0 0 
 
k
0 0 1  0 1 0  (a) Both (1) and (2) are correct
(b) Only (1) is correct
(c) Only (2) is correct
6. If A and B are invertible square matrices of same (d) Both are wrong
order then, which of the following is correct-
1. AB is invertible 10. Let A and B be two invertible matrices of order
2. (AB)–1 = B–1 A–1 3 × 3. If det (ABAT) = 8 & det (AB–1) = 8 then det
(a) Both (1) and (2) are correct (B A–1 BT) is equal to:
(b) Only (1) is correct 1
(c) Only (2) is correct (a) (b) 1
(d) Both are wrong 4
1
(c) (d) 16
16
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11. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that A2 – 5A + 7I = 0 16. The number of values of   (0, ) for which the
1 system of linear equations
Statement -1: A–1 = (5I – A)
7 x + 3y + 7z = 0
Statement -2: The polynomial A3 – 2A2 – 3A + I –x + 4y + 7z = 0
can be reduced to 5 (A – 4I) (sin 3) x + (cos 2) y + 2z = 0
Then : has a non – trivial solution is,
(a) Both the statements are true (a) three (b) four
(b) Both the statements are false (c) two (d) one
(c) Statement -1 is true, but statement 2 is false
(d) Statement 1 is false, but statement 2 is true 17. Let a, b, c be any real numbers. Suppose that there
are real numbers x, y, z not all zero such that
12. If the system of equations x = cy + bz, y = az + cx and z = bx + ay. Then
x + 2y + 3z = 1 a2 + b2 + c2 + 2abc is equal to
2x + y + 3z = 2 (a) 2 (b) 0
5x + 5y + 9z = 4 has solutions (c) 1 (d) –1
(a) There is only one solution
(b) There exists infinitely many solutions 18. If the system of linear equations x – 4y + 7z = g
(c) No solution 3y – 5z = h, –2x + 5y – 9z = k is consistent then,
(d) None of these (a) g + 2h + k = 0
(b) g + h + 2k = 0
13. The values of  and  for which the system of linear (c) 2g + h + k = 0
equations (d) g + h + k = 0
x+y+z=2
x + 2y + 3z = 5 19. If the system of linear equations x + 2ay + az = 0,
x + 3y + z =  x + 3by + bz = 0, x + 4cy + cz = 0 has a non-zero
has infinitely many solutions are, respectively solution, then a, b, c
(a) 6 and 8 (b) 5 and 7 (a) satisfy a + 2b + 3c = 0
(c) 5 and 8 (d) 4 and 9 (b) are in A.P
(c) are in G.P
14. The system of linear equations (d) are in H.P
x + 2y + 2z = 5
2x + 3y + 5z = 8 20. Statement 1: If the system of equations
x + ky + 3z = 0, 3x + ky – 2z = 0, 2x + 3y – 4z = 0
4x + y + 6z = 10 has
31
(a) No solution when  = 8 has a non - trivial solution, then the value of k is .
(b) A unique solution when  = –8 2
(c) No solution when  = 2 Statement 2: A system of three homogenous
equations in three variables has a non-trivial
(d) Infinitely many solutions when  = 2
solution if the determinant of the coefficient matrix
is zero
15. If the system of linear equations
(a) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true
x + y + 3z = 0
(b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true,
x + 3y + k2z = 0
Statement 2 is a correct explanation for
3x + y + 3z = 0
Statement 1
has a non-zero solution (x, y, z) for some kR, then
(c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true,
y Statement 2 is not a correct explanation for
x +   is equal to:
z Statement 1
(a) –3 (b) 9 (d) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false
(c) 3 (d) –9
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Answer Key
1. (b) 11. (a)
2. (d) 12. (a)
3. (d) 13. (c)
4. (a) 14. (c)
5. (a) 15. (a)
6. (a) 16. (c)
7. (c) 17. (c)
8. (b) 18. (c)
9. (a) 19. (d)
10. (c) 20. (a)
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Hints and Solutions

1. (b) A A–1 = – (3A3 + 2A2 + 5A)
Calculation: A–1 = – (3A2 + 2A + 5I)
A is an identity matrix of order 3 i.e., A = I
Multiplying both sides by A–1 we get, 5. (a)
 AA–1 = I A–1 Calculation:
 I = A–1 [∵ A matrix multiplied by the identity 0 1 0 
matrix is the matrix itself i.e., A = A–1] A = 1 0 0 
 A = A–1 0 0 1 
2. (d)  0 −1 0 
Calculation: Cof A =  −1 0 0 
1 2 −3  0 0 −1
Let A = 0 1 2 
 0 −1 0 
0 0 1 
adj A = (cof A) =  −1 0 0 
T

adjA  0 0 −1
As we know, A–1 =
|A|
|A| = – 1(1) = –1
Expanding determinant along C1
 0 −1 0  0 1 0 
 |A| = 1(1 – 0) = 1 adjA 1 
−1
A = = −1 0 0  = 1 0 0 
 1 0 0 | A | −1 
 0 0 −1 0 0 1 
cof A =  −2 1 0 
 7 −2 1
6. (a)
 1 −2 7  Calculation:
adj A = (cof A) = 0 1 −2 
T A, B are invertible matrices of the same order.
0 0 1  |A|  0 and |B|  0
 |A| |B|  0
1 −2 7  1 −2 7   |AB|  0 [∵ |AB| = |A| |B|]
adjA 1 
−1
A = = 0 1 −2 = 0 1 −2   AB is invertible.
| A | 1
0 0 1  0 0 1  Now,
Let, (AB)–1 = C, then (AB)C = I = C(AB)
The element in the first row and the third column of
Now, (AB)C = I
the inverse matrix is 7.
 A(BC) = I  A–1 [A(BC)] = A–1 I
3. (d)  (AA–1) (BC) = A–1  I(BC) = A–1
Calculation:  (BC) = A–1  (B–1) (BC) = (B–1) (A–1)
We know that, I – A5 = (I – A) × (I + A + A2 + A3 +  C = (B–1) (A–1)
A4), where, I is the identity matrix. Hence, (AB)1 = B–1 A–1
I = (I – A) × (I + A + A2 + A3 + A4)
Pre - multiplying both L.H.S and R.H.S by (I – A)−1, 7. (c)
we get Calculation:
 (I – A)−1 × I = (I – A)−1 (I – A) × (I + A + A2 + ∵ B = A–1  |B| =
1
A3 + A4) |A|
 (I – A)−1 = I (I + A + A2 + A3 + A4)  5 2a 1
Now, B = 0 2 1 = 2a2 – 2a – 25
∴ (I – A)−1 = (I + A + A2 + A3 + A4)

4. (a) a 3 −1

Calculation: Given, det (A) + 1 = 0
3A3 + 2A2 + 5A + I = 0 (∵ A A–1 = I) 1
 2 +1 = 0
3A3 + 2A2 + 5A + A A–1 = 0 2a − 2a − 25
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1
 |B| =
2a 2 − 2a − 24 2
 2 =0
2a − 2a − 25 ∴ |A| = 8 |B| = 4
∴ a = 4, –3  Sum of values = 1 1
Now, det (B A–1 BT) = |B| . . |BT|
|A|
8. (b)
| B |2 1
Calculation:  =
| A | 16
1 1 1 2  1
3 1 n − 1 1 78
0 1 0 1  0 ....  = 
  1 0 1  0 1  11. (a)
1 1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + (n − 1)  1 78 Calculation:
  = 0 1  A2 – 5A = – 7I
0 1   
Multiply by A–1 on both the sides
n(n − 1)
 = 78  n2 – n – 156 = 0 A–1 AA – 5A A–1 = –7 I A–1
2 AI – 5I = –7 A–1
 n = 13 A – 5I = –7 A–1
1 n  1 13 1
Now, the matrix  = , A–1 = (5I – A)
0 1  0 1  7
1 13 1 −13 First statement is correct.
Then the required inverse of  =  A3 – 2 A2 – 3A + I = A(5A – 7I) – 2 A2 – 3A + I
0 1  0 1  As given, A2 = 5A – 7I
 5 A2 – 7A – 2 A2 – 3A + I = 3 A2 – 10A + I
9. (a)  3(5A – 7I) – 10A + I = 5A – 20I = 5(A – 4I)
Explanation: Second statement is also correct.
Case 1:
As A is a 3 × 3 invertible matrix i.e., A–1 exists so, 12. (a)
|A|  0 Calculation:
Now, |kA| = k3 |A|  0 [∵ k  0, given] x + 2y + 3z = 1
 kA is an invertible matrix. 2x + y + 3z = 2
Case 2: 5x + 5y + 9z = 4
1   1 We have,
We have, (kA)   A −1    k   AA −1 = 1 1 2 3
k   k
[∴AA–1 = I] |A| = 2 1 3
1   1 5 5 9
  A −1  (kA) =  k   A −1A = 1 [I = I]
k   k = 1(9 – 15) – 2 (18 – 15) + 3 (10 – 5) = 3
1 –1 |A|  0
1 
  A −1  is inverse of matrix kA  (kA) =
–1
A |A| = determinant of coefficient matrix  0
k  k
Therefore, there exist only a unique solution.
∴ Both the cases are correct.
13. (c)
10. (c) Calculation:
Calculation: For infinitely many solutions,
det (ABAT) = 8 D = D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
 |A|. |B|. |AT| = 8 11 1
 |A|2 |B| = 8 ... (1) [ ∵|A| = |AT|]
–1
det (AB ) = 8 Now, D = 1 2 3 = 0
 |A|. |B–1| = 8 13 


|A|
= 8  |A| = 8 |B| ... (2)  1. (2 – 9) – 1. ( – 3) + 1. (3 – 2) = 0
| B| ∴=5
Put |A| from equation (2) in equation (1), we get
64 |B|2 |B| = 8
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21 1 16. (c)
Now, D1 = 5 2 3 Calculation:
Since, the system of linear equations has non-trivial
 3 5 solution then determinant of coefficient matrix = 0
 2(10 – 9) – 1(25 – 3) + 1(15 – 2) = 0 sin 3 cos 2 2
∴=8 i.e., 1 3 7
−1 4 7
14. (c)
Calculation: sin 3(21 – 28) – cos 2 (7 + 7) + 2(4 + 3) = 0
x + 2y + 2z = 5 sin 3 + 2cos 2 – 2 = 0
2x + 3y + 5z = 8 3 sin  – 4 sin3 + 2 – 4sin2  – 2 = 0
4x + y + 6z = 10 4 sin3  + 4 sin2  – 3 sin  = 0
 2 2 sin  (4 sin2 + 4 sin  – 3) = 0
Δ = 2 3 5 sin  (4 sin2 + 6 sin  – 2sin  – 3) = 0
sin  (2 sin  – 1) (2 sin  + 3) = 0
4  6
1  3
Δ = 2 + 6 – 16  ( + 8) (2 – ) sin  = 0, sin  =  sin   − 
2  2
Therefore, for no solutions Δ = 0
 5
 = –8, 2 = ,
Now, when  = 2 6 6
2 2 2 Therefore, for two values of , system of equations
has a non- trivial solution.
Δ1 = 4 3 5
4 2 6 17. (c)
= 5[18 – 10] – 2 [48 – 50] + 2 [16 – 30] Calculation:
= 40 + 4 – 28  0 a, b, c be any real numbers
There exist no solutions for  = 2 x, y, z real numbers not all zero
x = cy + bz  x – cy – bz = 0 ... (1)
15. (a) y = az + cx  cx – y + az = 0 ... (2)
Calculation: z = bx + ay  bx + ay – z = 0 ... (3)
Since, system of linear equations has non-zero The system of equation have trivial solution then,
solution 1 −c − b
∴Δ=0  c −1 a = 0
x + y + 3z = 0 ... (1) b a −1
x + 3y + k2z = 0. ... (2)
3x + y + 3z = 0. ... (3)  1(1 – a2) + c (– c – ab) – b(ac + b) = 0
11 3  a2 + b2 + c2 + 2abc = 1
 1 3 k2 = 0 18. (c)
31 3 Calculation:
 1(9 – k2) – 1(3 – 3k2) + 3(1 – 9) = 0 The given system of linear equations is:
 9 – k2 – 3 + 3k2 – 24 = 0 x – 4y + 7z = g ... (1)
 k2 = 9  k = 3 3y – 5z = h ... (2)
Now, from equation (1) – (2) –2x + 5y – 9z = k ... (3)
On Multiplying (1) by 2 we get,
y
– 2y – 6z = 0  y = –3z  = –3 ... (4) 2x – 8y + 14z = 2g ... (4)
z Adding (2), (3), (4), we get,
Now, from equation (1) – (3),  3y – 5z – 2x + 5y – 9z + 2x – 8y + 14z = h + k +
–2x = 0  x = 0 2g
y  0 = 2g + h + k
So, x +   = 0 + (–3) = –3
z ∴ 2g + h + k =0, then the system of equations is
consistent.
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19. (d) 20. (a)

Calculation: Calculation:
The system of linear equations to have non-zero Given system of equations is
solution, Δ = 0 x + ky + 3z = 0
1 2a a x + ky – 2z = 0
1 3b b = 0 2x + 3y – 4z = 0
Since, system has non-trivial solution
1 4c c 1 k 3
R2 → R2 – R1 R3 → R3 – R1, ∴ 3 k −2 = 0
1 2a a
2 3 −4
0 3b − 2a b − a = 0
 1(– 4k + 6) – k(– 12 + 4) + 3(9 – 2k) = 0
0 4c − 2a c − a 33
Expanding along C1 we get,  4k + 33 – 6k = 0  k =
2
 (3b – 2a) (c – a) – (4c – 2a) (b – a) = 0 Hence, statement -1 is false.
 3bc – 3ba – 2ac + 2a2 = 4bc – 4ac – 2ab + 2a2 Statement 2 is the property and is true.
 2ac = bc + ab (on dividing by abc, we get)
2 1 1
 = +
b a c
∴ a, b, c are in Harmonic progression.

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