5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR
Performance
Management
(eLecture)

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LZU1084317

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 0

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Course Structure
Chapter 1: 5G RAN NR Performance Management solution (Video 1) 3
Chapter 2: 5G RAN NR Accessibility 41
- 5G RAN NR Accessibility (Video 2)
- PRACH structure and RACH Root Sequence (Video 3)
Chapter 3: 5G RAN NR Retainability (Video 4) 96
Chapter 4: 5G RAN NR Integrity 124
- 5G RAN Throughput (Video 5)
- 5G RAN Throughput Investigation Counters (Video 6)
- 5G RAN Latency and Packet Loss (Video 7)
Chapter 5: 5G RAN NR Mobility (Video 8) 196
Chapter 6: 5G RAN NR Availability and Resource Utilization (Video 9)

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224

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Chapter 7: 5G RAN NR Cell and UE Trace (Video 10) 259

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Chapter 8: ENM 5G RAN NR Statistics and Cell Trace Handling (Video 11) 278

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Chapter 9: Advanced MO Scripting (AMOS) for 5G RAN NR (Video 12) 320

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Chapter 10: Ericsson Network Design and Optimization Cognitive Software Tools (Video 13) 323

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DISCLAIMER
This is a Learning Product which contains simplifications. Therefore, it must not be considered as a specification of the system.

The content is subject to revision without notice due to ongoing progress in methodology, design and manufacturing. Ericsson shall
have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting from the use of this Learning Product as some technical reference.

The Learning Product documentation is not intended to replace the technical documentation that was delivered with your system.
Always refer to that technical documentation during operation and maintenance.

© Ericsson AB 2021

This Learning Product was produced by Ericsson AB.

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The Learning Product documentation is to be used for training purposes only and it is strictly prohibited to copy, reproduce, disclose
or distribute it in any manner without the express written consent from Ericsson Learning Services.

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In this context, it is also strictly forbidden to screen record in picture, audio, or video any parts of sessions where the Learning Product

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is delivered remotely (“when attending live training on-line, or consuming digital learning via web-based delivery”).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Performance
Management Introduction

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G Control Plane Options

5G-enabled 5G Core
Evolved Packet
Core (EPC)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR NSA Option 3x (Covered by Ericsson)

Eutra NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)
5G EPC ENM
UE is connected to eNodeB and gNodeB at the same
time.

Master Node (MN)

S1-C S1-U S1-U
eNodeB
eNodeB X2-C gNodeB
(MN) X2-U (SN) Master Cell Group (MCG)
MCG resources SCG resources provided by the eNodeB, can consist of a Primary Cell
(PCell) and zero or more Secondary Cells (SCells).

Secondary Node (SN)

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gNodeB

u
SRB

ct
DRB
User data Secondary Cell Group (SCG)

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The SCG, provided by the gNodeB, can consist of a

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Control
NR UE Primary Secondary Cell (PSCell) and zero or more
signalling

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Secondary Cells (SCells).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC DRBs
Master Node terminated MCG DRBs
- Provided in the MCG and use LTE PDCP resources.
S1-U - Transmit user plane traffic between the UE and the eNodeB.
- Ciphered and deciphered in the Master Node.
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN)

PDCP X2-U PDCP Secondary Node terminated split DRBs

- provided in the SCG and use NR PDCP resources.
- Split DRB can use both MCG and SCG resources
- Split DRB used when the UE is in NR coverage
RLC RLC RLC - Ciphered and deciphered in the Secondary Node.

Secondary Node terminated MCG DRBs

- Provided in the MCG after SCG release
MAC MAC (that triggers DRB reconfiguration)

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- Also used when the SCG is available,
(but they are not allowed to be split by configuration)

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Uu Air Interface - ciphered and deciphered in the Secondary Node

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MN terminated MCG DRB

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SN terminated Split DRB (MCG)

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SN terminated Split DRB (SCG)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Parameters
ManagedElement
GNBDUFunction
NRCellDU
endcDlLegSwitchEnabled = true/false
endcDlNrLowQualThresh = 5 { -40..40 } [dB]
endcDlNrQualHyst = 5 { 0..60 } [dB]
endcUlLegSwitchEnabled = false/true NOTE: With default
settings uplink data is
B endcUlNrLowQualThresh = 17 { -40..145 } [dB]
carried by MCG (LTE)

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endcUlNrQualHyst = 6 { 1..60 } [dB]

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gNodeB

u
(SN) GNBCUCPFunction

ct
QciProfileEndcConfigExt

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initialUplinkConf = MCG/SCG

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

LTE-NR Downlink Aggregation

The LTE-NR Downlink Aggregation feature enables
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN) increased user peak bit rates by simultaneously
transmitting downlink data on the LTE and the NR
carriers of the EN-DC split bearer.

LTE-NR Downlink Aggregation is included in the ‘Peak

Rate Evolution Value Package (FAJ 801 4005).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

LTE-NR Downlink Aggregation Operation

endcDlNrLowQualThresh = 5 { -40..40 }
SINR in dB

endcDlNrRetProhibTimer = 400 { 0..1000 } endcDlNrQualHyst = 5 { 0..60 }

Unit: msec SINR in dB

dcDlAggActTime = 1 { 0..1000 }
dcDlAggExpiryTimer = 100 { 0..10000 }

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Unit: msec

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Unit: msec

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

LTE-NR Uplink Aggregation

The LTE-NR Uplink Aggregation feature allows
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN) simultaneous uplink data transfer from the User
Equipment (UE) to both the Master Cell Group (MCG)
and the Secondary Cell Group (SCG).

LTE-NR Uplink Aggregation is included in the ‘Peak

Rate Evolution Value Package (FAJ 801 4005).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

LTE-NR Uplink Aggregation Operation

ulDataSplitThreshold { -1, 0, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800, 25600, 51200, 102400, 204800,
409600, 819200, 1228800, 1638400, 2457600, 3276800, 4096000, 4915200, 5734400, 6553600 } Unit: Byte

If the amount of available uplink data exceeds the threshold set with QciProfileEndcConfigExt.ulDataSplitThreshold,
the uplink aggregation is activated for the EN-DC-capable UE.
When the uplink buffer amount is less than the threshold, the uplink data is transferred on the primary path.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Downlink Carrier Aggregation

The NR DL Carrier Aggregation feature aggregates 2 or
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN) 3 contiguous or non-contiguous component carriers
(CCs) in FR1. (i.e. low/Mid-Band)

NR Downlink Carrier Aggregation is included in the

‘Peak Rate Evolution Value Package (FAJ 801 4005).

The feature is supported for both NR SA and NSA deployments.

- TDD mode CA supports 2CCs operating in the same Baseband unit

)
(NR SA and NSA deployments)

u re
- FDD Mode CA supports 3CCs operating in the same Baseband Unit or in 2 different units

ct
(NR SA deployments)

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- FDD Mode CA supports 2CCs operating in same Baseband Unit or in 2 different units
(NR SA and NSA deployments)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

8CC DL Carrier Aggregation High-Band

The 8CC DL Carrier Aggregation High-Band feature
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN) allows carrier aggregation to be used with up to eight
component carriers in the downlink.

8CC DL Carrier Aggregation High-Band is included in the

‘Peak Rate Evolution Value Package (FAJ 801 4005).
8CC DL Carrier Aggregation High-Band enables increased downlink data throughput by
aggregating the bandwidth with up to eight component carriers for a single UE.
A carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz is supported. The maximum aggregated bandwidth is 800 MHz.

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Contiguous carriers as well as non-contiguous carriers are supported. All carriers must have the

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same carrier bandwidth and numerology, and they must be operated on the same Baseband

ct
unit.

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Intra-band downlink carrier aggregation is supported on NR mmWave spectrums. The carrier
combinations must be defined according to 3GPP standards.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Uplink Carrier Aggregation High-Band

The NR Uplink Carrier Aggregation High-Band feature
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN) enables the UE to send user data on two uplink
contiguous carriers, 50+50 MHz or 100+100 MHz.
This gives higher bit rates in uplink due to the increased
bandwidth.

NR Uplink Carrier Aggregation High-Band is included in

the ‘Peak Rate Evolution Value Package (FAJ 801 4005).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

QoS Framework with EPC

The LTE EPS Bearer QoS framework
ENM
defined in TS 36.300 still applies for
NR NSA option 3x (5G NSA)
Operator specific QoS parameters

MME
QCI
1
Prio
2
LCG
2
DSCP
46
QoS Table
QCI, 2 4 1 36

ARP : :
:
:
:
:
:
:

9 9 3 12

10-256 10 3 0
MeNB

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DSCP: Differentiated Services Code Point
ENM: Ericsson Network Management Prio,LCG DSCP

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LCG: Logical Channel Group

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MME: Mobility Management Entity
QCI: QoS Class Identifier Radio Network: Transport Network:

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Scheduler algorithm X2 Packet Forwarding

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CPI (NR RAN 20.Q2)
– Operation and Maintenance UL/DL Scheduling S1 UL Packet treatment
– Performance Management

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–Manage Quality of Service (1.11.3)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

QoS Bearer Examples (EN-DC)

B S B S
Initial Context Setup Request ERAB Setup Request
eNodeB eNodeB
(MN) MME (MN) MME

value E-RABToBeSetupItemCtxtSUReq : { value E-RABToBeSetupItemBearerSUReq : {

e-RAB-ID 5, e-RAB-ID 7,
e-RABlevelQoSParameters { e-RABlevelQoSParameters {
qCI 8, qCI 1,
allocationRetentionPriority { allocationRetentionPriority {
priorityLevel 6, priorityLevel 2,
pre-emptionCapability shall-not-trigger-pre-emption, pre-emptionCapability may-trigger-pre-emption,
pre-emptionVulnerability pre-emptable pre-emptionVulnerability not-pre-emptable
},
gbrQosInformation {

)
value E-RABToBeSetupItemCtxtSUReq : { e-RAB-MaximumBitrateDL 30000,

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e-RAB-ID 6, e-RAB-MaximumBitrateUL 30000,
e-RABlevelQoSParameters { e-RAB-GuaranteedBitrateDL 30000,

u
qCI 5, e-RAB-GuaranteedBitrateUL 30000

ct
allocationRetentionPriority {

e
priorityLevel 1,

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pre-emptionCapability may-trigger-pre-emption,
pre-emptionVulnerability not-pre-emptable

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5QI to QoS Characteristics Mapping

Default Default
Default Packet Packet Maximum Default Default Packet Packet Maximum Default
5QI Resource 5QI Resource
Priority Delay Error Data Burst Averaging Example Services Priority Delay Error Data Burst Averaging Example Services
Value Type Value Type
Level Budget Rate Volume Window Level Budget Rate Volume Window
(NOTE 2) (NOTE 2)

100 ms Conversational 100 ms

1 GBR 20 (NOTE 11, 10-2 N/A 2000 ms
Voice 5 Non-GBR 10 (NOTE 10, 10-6 N/A N/A IMS Signalling
NOTE 13) NOTE 13)

150 ms Conversational 300 ms Video (Buffered Streaming)

2 (NOTE 1) 40 (NOTE 11, 10-3 N/A 2000 ms Video (Live 6 60 (NOTE 10, N/A N/A TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file
NOTE 13) Streaming) NOTE 13) 10-6 sharing, progressive video, etc.)
Real Time Gaming, 100 ms Voice,
V2X messages 7 70 (NOTE 10, 10-3 N/A N/A Video (Live Streaming)
50 ms Electricity NOTE 13) Interactive Gaming
3 30 (NOTE 11, 10-3 N/A 2000 ms distribution –
(NOTE 14)
NOTE 13) medium voltage, Video (Buffered Streaming)
Process automation 8 80 TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file
300 ms 10-6 N/A N/A
- monitoring (NOTE 13) sharing, progressive
Non-Conversational video, etc.)
300 ms 9 90
4 50 (NOTE 11, 10-6 N/A 2000 ms Video (Buffered
NOTE 13) Streaming) 69 60 ms Mission Critical delay sensitive signalling (e.g.,
(NOTE 9, 5 (NOTE 7, 10-6 N/A N/A
Mission Critical user MC-PTT signalling)
65 75 ms NOTE 12) NOTE 8)
(NOTE 9, 7 (NOTE 7, N/A 2000 ms plane Push To Talk
NOTE 12) NOTE 8) 10-2 voice (e.g., MCPTT) 70 200 ms Mission Critical Data (e.g. example services are the
55 (NOTE 7, 10-6 N/A N/A
(NOTE 12)
NOTE 10)
same as 5QI 6/8/9)

)
100 ms Non-Mission-Critical
66 N/A 2000 ms user plane Push To

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(NOTE 12) 20
(NOTE 10,
10-2 50 ms
NOTE 13) Talk voice 79 65 (NOTE 10, 10-2 N/A N/A V2X messages
NOTE 13)
67 100 ms

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Mission Critical
(NOTE 12) 15 (NOTE 10, 10-3 N/A 2000 ms 10 ms Low Latency eMBB applications Augmented
NOTE 13)
Video user plane 80 68 10-6 N/A N/A
(NOTE 5,

ct
NOTE 10)
Reality
75
(NOTE 14) Delay Critical 10 ms
82 19 10-4 255 bytes 2000 ms

e
Discrete Automation (see TS 22.261 [2])
GBR (NOTE 4)

5QI: 5G QoS Indicator

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3GPP TS 23.501 - 5.7.2 - 5.7.4 83 22 10 ms 10-4 1354 bytes 2000 ms Discrete Automation (see TS 22.261 [2])
QFI: QoS Flow ID (NOTE 4) (NOTE 3)

GBR: Guaranteed Bit Rate 30 ms 1354 bytes

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84 24 10-5 2000 ms Intelligent transport systems (see TS 22.261 [2])
V2X: Vehicle to anything (NOTE 6) (NOTE 3)

85 21 5 ms 10-5 255 bytes 2000 ms Electricity Distribution- high voltage (see

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(NOTE 5) TS 22.261 [2])

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EPC (NSA) vs 5GC (SA) QoS – Bearers vs Flows

EPC UE eNB/gNB SGW PGW Peer
— Bearer concept
E2E Service
— 1-to-1 mapping E2E Service
— EPS Bearer EPS Bearer / NSAPI Id=5 External Flow
— E-RAB EPS Bearer / NSAPI Id=6 External Flow

— Radio Bearer E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer / TEiD

E-RAB S5/S8 Bearer / TEiD

Radio Bearer RBiD Queue 1 S1 Bearer / TEiD

Radio Bearer RBiD Queue 2 S1 Bearer / TEiD

5GC
— Flow concept UE gNB CN-UP Peer
— Multiple QoS flows per PDU session E2E Service

)
E2E Service
— 1-to-1 mapping PDU session to UP

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E2E Service
tunnel PDU Session / Session ID

u
— Many-to-one mapping of flows to

ct
Radio Bearer RBiD UP Tunnel
radio bearer QoS Flow / QFI External Flow

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QoS Flow / QFI External Flow
— It is up to NG-RAN how to map multiple

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QoS flows to a DRB Radio Bearer RBiD
— Mechanisms to optimize these cases are QoS Flow / QFI External Flow

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outside the scope of standardization

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

gNodeB - Three Managed Functions

RRC
GNBCUUPFunction E1 GNBCUCPFunction

NRCellCU*
PDCP (user plane) PDCP (control plane)

F1-U F1-C
RLC RLC

*NOTE:
GNBDUFunction
Two MOs

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MAC MAC

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used to
NRCellDU*
model 5G Cell

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ct
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Physical Layer Physical Layer

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Cell Parameters
ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
cellLocalId { 0..16383 }
.
.
.
transmitSib5 = false/true
AdditionalPLMNInfo [0..11] Configuration of inter-cell mobility and neighbour relations
EUtranCellRelation [0..128]
EUtranFreqRelation [0..16]
McpcPSCellProfile [0..1]
NRCellRelation [0..512]
NRFreqRelation [0..16]
B RibTmRelation [0..]
UeMeasControl [1..1]

)
GNBDUFunction

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gNodeB NRCellDU

u
actualSsbPowerBoost = 1/0

ct
.
. Configuration of cell hardware resources

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.

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ulMaxMuMimoLayers = 0 { 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 }
AdditionalPLMNInfo [0..11]

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Performance Management Introduction

Supervision of the RAN performance is an important task for Operation Key Performance Indicator (KPI) level End-user
and Maintenance personnel, network engineers, and management. Perception
KPIs can be used for the following tasks:

— Supervision and optimizing the radio network performance to provide

better subscriber-perceived quality or better use of installed resources

— Rapidly detecting unacceptable performance in the network. They Performance Indicator (PI) level
enable the operator to take immediate actions to preserve the quality
of the network

— Provide radio network planners with the detailed information required

for dimensioning and configuring the network for optimal use
Procedure level

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— Troubleshooting on cell clusters of interest

u
System

ct
Characteristics

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Performance Statistics Overview

Performance Monitorings (PMs) Statistical Subscription
(also called ‘Scanners’ or ‘PM Jobs’)
System Defined
System Defined To collect counters required for the
Created by the System Defined Subscription Profile predefined reports.
(with predefined list of counters and events)
User Defined
User Defined Created by a user to collect counters not
Created by the User Defined Subscription Profile contained in the predefined profile.

B ENM
PMS / PMIC

)
re
gNodeB
Stats.xml

u
Or

ct
eNodeB

e
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Stats.xml.gz

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PM Counter Format in ROP File

PM Job name that
collected the
counters below

The result for a counter with

<measType p=“x”>
is given by <r p= “x”>

Basebandxxxx
42 hits for the pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc counter for NRCellCU=Cell_1

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171 hits for the pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc counter for NRCellCU=Cell_2

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Statistics Storage Parameters

ManagedElement
SystemFunctions
Pm
PmMeasurementCapabilitiesGNBCUCPFunction
alignedReportingPeriod true
fileLocation /rop
fileRPSupported false
finalROP false
jobGroupingSupport true
jobPrioritizationSupport false
jobStartStopSupport 1 (BASIC)
maxNoOfJobs 50
maxNoOfMeasurementJobs 50
maxNoOfMeasurements
maxNoOfPmFiles 400

B
maxNoOfRealtimeJobs
maxNoOfThresholdJobs
measurementJobSupport true

)
pmMeasurementCapabilitiesId 1

re
realTimeJobSupport false
gNodeB ropFilenameTimestamp 1 (UTC_NO_OFFSET)

u
supportedCompressionTypes[1] 0 (GZIP)

ct
supportedMeasJobGps[1] 5 (FIFTEEN_MIN)
supportedRopPeriods[1] 5 (FIFTEEN_MIN)

e
supportedRtJobGps[0]

eL
supportedThreshJobGps[0]
thresholdJobSupport false

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

E-UTRAN Counter types

There are different types of counters:

— Peg counter (PEG)
— Gauge (GAUGE)
— Accumulator counter (ACC)
— Scan counter (SCAN)
— Probability Density Function (PDF)

)
re
— Compressed

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Peg Counter
HOTEL ROLL
Count at end of ROP:
Peg

pmGuestsIn = 0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

)
re
u
ect
To

eL
ENM

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Gauge Counter
HOTEL ROLL
Count at end of ROP:
Gauge

pmGuestsInGauge = 0
5
4
3
2
1

)
re
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ect
To

eL
ENM

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Accumulator and Scan Counters

Accumulator 27
HOTEL ROLL Average =
Scan
=
3
=9
Count at end of ROP:
Accumulator and Scan

Accumulator counter:
pmSumSampGuests= 27
16
0
7 Sample

Scan counter:
pmNoOfSampGuests= 0
3
2
1 Sample

)
re
u
e ct
To

eL
ENM

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Probability Density Function

HOTEL ROLL Sample every
3 minutes

Count at end of ROP:

PDF
Scan “counter in range”
pmNoOfGuests[0] 0
1 Sample

Scan “counter in range”

pmNoOfGuests[1-10] 0
3
2
1 Sample

)
Scan “counter in range”
0
1

re
Sample
pmNoOfGuests[11-25]

u
ct
e
To

eL
ENM

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Compressed Counter
Compressed counters were introduced to avoid having very large PDF counters.
For example a pdf counter that collects different values for different 5QI values would have 256 BINs!
Since it is unlikely that there will be values in each BIN the counter can be compressed by including values for only BINs with values.
Example Compressed Counter:
pmPdcpPktRecDl5qi
Total number of packets (PDCP SDUs) received for each 5QI over NG-U in downlink.
Compressed: True
Condition: Stepped when DL PDCP SDUs are received for each 5QI.
Counter type: CC/SUM
Counter is reset after measurement period: Yes
Counter category:
Type: KPI, Area: Integrity, Scenario: PDCP Packet Integrity
XML ROP File:

)
<repPeriod duration="PT900S"/>

re
<measType p="1">pmPdcpPktRecDl5qi</measType>
<measType p="2">pmPdcpPktRecDlDisc5qi</measType>

u
<measType p="3">pmPdcpPktRecDlDiscAqm5qi</measType>

ct
First digit ‘1’ means that there is one value recorded.
<measValue measObjLdn="ManagedElement=T0009220EG0008909,GNBCUUPFunction=1,S1UTermination=1,S1ULink=100.98.108.83_10.132.198.146">
<r p="1">1,8,53157</r> Second digit ‘8’ means that the value was recorded for 5QI 8

e
eL
<r p="2">1,8,75</r> Third digits ‘53157’ is the recorded value
<r p="3">1,8,75</r> So 53157 (packets PDCP SDUs) were received for 5QI 8 over NG-U in downlink.
</measValue>

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Counter Descriptions

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Counter Descriptions (2)

)
Describes the aggregation method for the counter. Can

re
Collection Method: be any of the following:

u
- Cumulative Counter (CC) - SUM used for Cumulative Counters (CC)

ct
for Accumulator (ACC), Scan, PDF and Peg counters - AVG
- MIN

e
- Gauge counter used for Gauge counters

eL
- MAX
- LAST_UPDATE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example Counter Names and Types pmRadioRaAttTaDistr

pmRrcConnEstabAtt : Counter type: CC/SUM = peg Distribution of measured Timing
Advance (TA) values from all detected
Number of attempted RRC Connection Establishment procedures.
random access attempts. TA values are
expressed as percentage of maximum
pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc : Counter type: CC/SUM = Accumulator i.e. ‘sum’ in possible TA value in cell.
name Unit: N/A
Sum of all sample values recorded for number of NR EN-DC UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode Ranges:
in NR cell. Bin[0]: [0..9] %
Bin[1]: [10..19] %
pmRrcConnLevelSamp : Counter type: CC/SUM = Scan i.e. ‘Samp’ in name. Bin[2]: [20..29] %
Number of times corresponding pmRrcConnLevelSumSa, pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc, and Bin[3]: [30..39] %
pmRrcConnLevSumNrDc counters accumulate new sample. Bin[4]: [40..49] %
Bin[5]: [50..59] %
pmRrcConnLevelMaxEnDc : Counter Type: GAUGE/MAX = shows maximum Bin[6]: [60..69] %
Bin[7]: [70..79] %

)
GAUGE value

re
Peak number of NR EN-DC UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode in NR cell. Bin[8]: [80..89] %
Bin[9]: [90..99] %

u
Bin[10]: [100..109] %

ct
pmpdcppktrecdl5qi : Counter type: CC/SUM = Compressed i.e. ‘’Compressed: True’.
Bin[11]: [110..] %

e
Total number of packets (PDCP SDUs) received for each 5QI over NG-U in downlink.
Counter type: CC/SUM = PDF

eL
Compressed: True

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Observability areas
The ability of a service to be obtained, within specified tolerances
Chapter 2 Accessibility
and other given conditions, when requested by the user
The ability of a service, once obtained, to continue to be provided
Chapter 3 Retainability
under given conditions for a requested duration
The degree to which a service, once obtained, is provided without
Chapter 4 Integrity
excessive impairments

Chapter 5 Mobility Performance of all handover types

)
re
Availability Cell availability

u
Chapter 6

ct
Hardware usage, Licenses, Traffic and Load management and
System Utilization *

e
Admission and congestion management

eL
* System utilization is an Ericsson observability area provided to assist Operators in network capacity and configuration

t(
management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR NSA Performance Management -

Overview
NMS
— PM counters are handled in the same way in the eNB and
the gNB, e.g. same file format PM counters PM events

ENM
— PM events are handled in the same way in the eNB and the
gNB. Some differences like format of the data for the gNB
Control plane
compared to eNB
+User plane
PM events User plane
— PM for Control Plane: Mainly from the eNB PM counters PM events

)
PM counters

re
— PM for User Plane: Both from the eNB and the gNB

u
ct
eNB gNB

e
(RadioNode) (RadioNode)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

ENM Performance Management Tools

— ENM PM tools support the gNB in the

same way as the eNB

— ENIQ Statistics support, including reports

with gNB KPIs

— Network Health Monitor with gNB KPIs

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Stages

Matched => UE’s EN-DC capability

matches the eNodeB
configuration (some LTE + NR
frequency band combination
supported by both cell and UE)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Flexible Counters for EN-DC

— Three levels of filtering are available for the EN-DC
— The included levels are set by the parameter endcFilterMin
— For example, if this parameter is set to 1, then the counter is stepped if the EN-DC state is EPC
either ENDC_NR_MATCHED or ENDC_NR_ACTIVE
ManagedElement
+- ENodeBFunction

B B
+- PmFlexCounterFilter=2
counterNameSuffix=Endc0To99
endcFilterEnabled=true
endcFilterMax=99 (ENDC_UE_RELEASED) eNB gNB
endcFilterMin=0 (ENDC_NR_CAPABLE)
+- PmFlexCounterFilter=3 LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
counterNameSuffix=Endc1To99
endcFilterEnabled=true Filter EN-DC Stage

)
re
endcFilterMax=99 (ENDC_UE_RELEASED) (ENDC_NR_CAPABLE)
0
endcFilterMin=1 (ENDC_NR_MATCHED) The UE is confirmed to be capable of EN-DC

u
+- PmFlexCounterFilter=4 (ENDC_NR_MATCHED)

ct
1
counterNameSuffix=Endc2To99 B1 measurements for EN-DC are configured in the UE

e
endcFilterEnabled=true (ENDC_NR_ACTIVE)

eL
2
ENDC is active for the UE
endcFilterMax=99 (ENDC_UE_RELEASED)
(ENDC_UE_RELEASED)

t(
endcFilterMin=2 (ENDC_NR_ACTIVE) 99
UE is released

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Flex Counter Example from Live LTE Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Reference Documentation
NR

LTE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Accessibility

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Non-Standalone Accessibility Overview

EPC
In NR NSA scenario (with 5G coverage): S1-C
— RRC establishment and signalling are performed in 4G network through the S1-U
1
anchor cell in eNB
— RAB is established in both, first in 4G (Initial E-RAB Establishment) and then in
DRB
NR cells (EN-DC Setup) LTE NR
SRB

Accessibility KPI (session setup success rate) can be described as a

combination of different network access procedures: UE
— Control plane (RRC & S1 Signaling)
— User plane (RAB) establishment processes
2
EPC
So the Accessibility KPIs: S1-C S1-U

)
re
— Initial E-RAB Establishment Success Rate in LTE can be seen as main X2-C
Accessibility KPI also for NR NSA

u
X2-U

ct
— EN-DC Setup Success Rate can be seen as a secondary Accessibility KPI for
NR NSA. DRB
LTE NR

e
SRB DRB

eL
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UE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Initial E-RAB Establishment Success

Rate Captured in eNodeB (EN-DC)
To monitor EN-DC stage 1 and 2 is recommended

pmFlexErabEstabSuccInit_Endcxxx
Differentiated Initial E-RAB Establishment SR = 100 x RRCESTABR x S1SIGCONNESTABR x
pmFlexErabEstabAttInit_Endcxxx
(Captured in eNodeB)

Where:
pmRrcConnEstabSucc
RRCESTABR = EPC
pmRrcConnEstabAtt – pmRrcConnEstabAttReatt - RRCMMEOVL

)
B B

re
pmRrcConnEstabFailMmeOvlMos +
RRCMMEOVL =
pmRrcConnEstabFailMmeOvlMod

u
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
pmS1SigConnEstabSucc

eL
S1SIGCONNESTABR = KPI is on
pmS1SigConnEstabAtt – pmS1SigConnEstabFailMmeOvlMos EUtranCellFDD /

t(
EUtranCellTDD
level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Initial E-RAB Establishment Success Rate Captured in eNodeB

Example from a cluster

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 1
Use the Simplified KPI (shown here) to find the E-RAB Establishment Success Rate:

Simplified KPI:
pmFlexErabEstabSuccInit_Endc1To99
pmFlexErabEstabAttInit_Endc1To99

EPC

)
B B

ure
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Setup Success Rate

pmEndcSetupUeSucc pmEndcSetupUeSucc
EN-DC Setup SR = 100 X EN-DC Setup SR = 100 X
(Captured in eNodeB) pmEndcSetupUeAtt (Captured in gNodeB) pmEndcSetupUeAtt
EPC

B B
eNB gNB

)
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

u re
KPI is on EUtranCellFDD KPI is on NRCellCU level.

ct
e
Note: One eNodeB can be connected to several gNodeBs and one gNodeB can be

eL
connected to several eNodeBs

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Setup Success Rate Captured in gNodeB

Example from a cluster

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 2
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the EN-DC Setup SR (Captured in the eNB):

KPI:
pmEndcSetupUeSucc
pmEndcSetupUeAtt

EPC

)
B B

u re
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 3
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the EN-DC Setup SR (Captured in the gNB):

KPI:
pmEndcSetupUeSucc
pmEndcSetupUeAtt

EPC

)
B B

re
u
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SN Addition (eNB to gNB relocation, UL in LTE ) (1/2)

SgNodeB SN Addition
UE MeNB CU-CP CU-UP SGW MME
UL/DL User data in LTE
MN terminated SN terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
RRC: B1 Measurement Report Stepped when SgNodeB Addition procedure
is initiated by MeNodeB for EN-DC setup.
Prepare for DRB
reconfiguration User-plane
X2: SgNB Addition
Request (RRC: CG-ConfigInfo) Stepped once for each bearer SGW
when E1AP BEARER CONTEXT
pmEndcSetupUeAtt + pmEndcSetupUeAtt + SETUP REQUEST (E-UTRAN) is S1-U
received in CUUP.
pmEndcSetupScgUeAtt + pmEndcSetupScgUeAtt + NOTE: PpControlLink MO

E1AP: Bearer Context Setup Request LTE PDCP NR PDCP

X2-U
Stepped at reception of X2AP SGNB ADDITION pmEndcNrDrbSetupAtt +
REQUEST message for EN-DC setup or X2AP SGNB LTE RLC LTE RLC

)
Allocate PDCP and NR RLC
MODIFICATION REQUEST message for SCG addition.

re
SCG resources
SGNB modification is used to

u
E1AP: Bearer Context Setup Response
update the Key Sequence LTE MAC NR MAC

ct
LTE MAC
number when the PDCP COUNTs pmEndcNrDrbSetupSucc +
are about to wrap around .

e
X2: SgNB Addition

eL
Request Acknowledge (RRC: CG-Config) Stepped once for each bearer when E1AP
Suspend DRB BEARER CONTEXT MODIFICATION

t(
RESPONSE (E-UTRAN) indicates
X2: SN Status Transfer successful establishment of bearer. MeNB SgNB

en
NOTE: PpControlLink MO

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SN Addition (eNB to gNB relocation, UL in LTE ) (2/2)

SgNodeB SN Addition
UE MeNB CU-CP CU-UP SGW MME
RRC Reconfiguration MN terminated SN terminated
(“Add SCG” stop B1) Prepared for UL data
MCG DRB Split DRB
LTE Random Access

Stepped when X2AP SGNB RECONFIGURATION User-plane

UL User data in LTE (new cipheringCOMPLETE
key) message is received from MeNodeB.
SgNodeB is updated with bearer configuration.
SGW
RRC Reconfiguration Complete

X2: SgNB Reconfiguration Complete S1-U S1-U

pmEndcSetupUeSucc + pmEndcSetupUeSucc +
LTE PDCP NR PDCP
pmEndcSetupScgUeSucc + pmEndcSetupScgUeSucc + X2-U
NR Random Access
LTE RLC LTE RLC

)
NR RLC

re
S1-AP: E-RAB Modification Indication
Stepped at reception of X2AP SGNB RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE message Bearer

u
after one of following transmissions: End marker packet Modification LTE MAC NR MAC

ct
LTE MAC
- Transmission of X2AP SGNB ADDITION REQUEST message for EN-DC setup.
- Transmission of X2AP SGNB MODIFICATION REQUEST message for SCG setup.

e
Resume DRB RA RA

eL
DL User data in NR (new ciphering)
New path

t(
S1-AP: E-RAB Modification Confirm
MeNB SgNB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example B1 Measurement Report Configuration

message c1 : rrcConnectionReconfiguration
ReportConfigToAddMod {
reportConfigId 3, Number matches with ‘measId 3’ in Measurement Report
reportConfig reportConfigInterRAT : {
triggerType event : {
eventId eventB1_NR_r15 : {
b1-ThresholdNR-r15 nr_RSRP_r15 : 40, (-117≤ SS-RSRP < -116dBm)
reportOnLeave-r15 FALSE Decoded using TS38.133
B },
hysteresis 0,
eNB timeToTrigger ms0
},
maxReportCells 4,
reportInterval ms240,

)
reportAmount r4,

re
reportQuantityCellNR-r15 {

u
ss-rsrp TRUE,

ct
ss-rsrq TRUE,

e
ss-sinr FALSE

eL
}

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example B1 Measurement Report

RRC {
pdu: value UL-DCCH-Message ::= {
message c1 : measurementReport : {
criticalExtensions c1 : measurementReport_r8 : {
measResults {
B measId 3,
eNB measResultPCell {Serving LTE cell measurements
rsrpResult 42, (-99 ≤ RSRP < -98 dBm) Decoded using
rsrqResult 10 (-15≤ RSRQ < -14.5dB) TS36.133
LTE Cell },
measResultNeighCells measResultNeighCellListNR_r15 : {
5G NR Cell

)
MeasResultCellNR-r15 {

re
pci-r15 19,

u
measResultCell-r15 { Neighbor NR cell measurements

ct
rsrpResult-r15 53,(-104 ≤ SS-RSRP < -103dBm) Decoded using

e
eL
rsrqResult-r15 62 (-12.5≤ SS-RSRQ < -12dB) TS38.133

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 4
Use the ‘Student_Event_Decoder.xls’ file to decode the LTE and NR cell measurements below:
RRC {
pdu: value UL-DCCH-Message ::= {
message c1 : measurementReport : {
criticalExtensions c1 : measurementReport_r8 : {
measResults {
B measId 3,
eNB measResultPCell {Serving LTE cell measurements
rsrpResult 38, ( -103≤ RSRP < -102 dBm)
rsrqResult 6 ( -17≤ RSRQ < -16.5 dB)
LTE Cell },

)
measResultNeighCells measResultNeighCellListNR_r15 : {

re
5G NR Cell MeasResultCellNR-r15 {

u
pci-r15 294,

ct
measResultCell-r15 { Neighbor NR cell measurements

e
eL
rsrpResult-r15 44,( -113≤ SS-RSRP < -112 dBm)
rsrqResult-r15 76 ( -5.5≤ SS-RSRQ < -5 dB)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Random Access Success Rate

pmRaSuccCbra pmRadioRaCbSuccMsg3
Random Access SR = 100 X Random Access SR = 100 X
(Captured in eNodeB) pmRaMsg2AttCbra (Captured in gNodeB) pmRadioRaCbAttMsg2
EPC

B B
eNB gNB

)
u re
ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
eL
(SA and NSA)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Random Access Success Rate

Cluster Example Random Access [%] - Cluster_Munich
92 30000000
90
25000000
88
EPC
Random Access (%)

86
20000000
84

Attempts
82 15000000
80
78
10000000 B B
76
eNB gNB
5000000
74 LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
72 0
26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Jan Feb

Random Access Attempts RANDOM ACCESS (%)

Random Access SR Captured in eNodeB

)
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t(
Random Access SR Captured in gNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 5
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the lowest Random Access Success Rate:

KPI:
pmRadioRaCbSuccMsg3
pmRadioRaCbAttMsg2

EPC

)
B B

re
u
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Contention Based Random Access gNodeB Counters (SA and NSA)

pmRadioRaCbPreambles
B The number of detected contention-based random access preambles(Msg1)

pmRadioRaCbAttMsg2
gNB
The number of contention-based random access Msg2 scheduling attempts
Random Access Preamble (MSG1)
1
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg2Disc
The number of preambles for which no random access response(RAMsg2) is sent due
to expiry of the random access response window
Random Access Response (MSG2) pmRadioRaCbSuccMsg3
2
The number of successfully detected RA Msg3 for CBRA
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crnti
The number of RACH attempts failed due to Msg3 received with wrong CRNTI
Scheduled Transmission (MSG3)
3

)
HARQ pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crc

re
NOTE: There can be up to 4 MSG3 transmissions
The number of RACH attempts which failed due to msg3 received bad CRC

u
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg1MaxMsg3Sched

ct
The number of CBRA preambles that are discarded due to reaching maximum of RA Msg3

e
Contention Resolution
scheduled

eL
4
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Dtx

t(
The number of DTX for Msg3

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Random Access Counters

NOTE: There can be up to 4 MSG3 transmissions
=> pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crc+pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crnti
+pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Dtx ≥ pmRadioRaCbPreambles

)
u re
e ct
eL
* Either pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Dtx or pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crc are stepped for every

t(
expected msg3 transmission (or re-transmission), which was not decoded successfully.
**in LB/MB implementation the pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crnti counter is stepped after

en
stepping pmRadioRaCbSuccMsg3.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 6
Use the ‘Randon_Access_Counters’ to find the reason for the poor Random Access Success Rate at the
time found in Exercise 5 :

pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Crc
Cells where this counter is pegging, are mainly linked with bad UL radio conditions or interference.

)
u re
ct
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg3Dtx
There are several issue possibilities for cells where this counter is very high. For example, false detections (ghost

e
preambles) indicating that RACH attempt was false alarm and there was no UE present – noise detected. Also possible

eL
are UL issues, UE failures, synchronization issues or either external interference can cause this counter to be pegged.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Connection Setup

and
Random Access

NOTE: The ENDC setup success is pegged

before the NR RACH process starts.
pmRadioRaCbPreambles – pmEndcSetupUeAtt
≈ Ghost/false preambles

)
re
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ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink Interference
→ 21.Q1 pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDist:
→ 21.Q2
pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDistr 0,139,457290,272646,84684,33072,17023,11251,8475,3359,10791,1112,146,12,0,0 pmRadioRecInterferencePowerDistr
Measured noise and interference power Measured noise and interference power
on PUSCH. Low Interference on PUSCH.
Unit: dBm/PRB Unit: N/A
Ranges: Ranges:
Bin[0]: [..-121] dBm/PRB Bin[0]: [..-130] dBm/PRB
Bin[1]: ]-121..-120] dBm/PRB Bin[1]: ]-130..-128] dBm/PRB
Bin[2]: ]-120..-119] dBm/PRB Bin[2]: ]-128..-126] dBm/PRB
Bin[3]: ]-119..-118] dBm/PRB Bin[3]: ]-126..-124] dBm/PRB
Bin[4]: ]-118..-117] dBm/PRB Bin[4]: ]-124..-122] dBm/PRB
Bin[5]: ]-117..-116] dBm/PRB Bin[5]: ]-122..-121] dBm/PRB
Bin[6]: ]-116..-115] dBm/PRB Bin[6]: ]-121..-120] dBm/PRB
Bin[7]: ]-115..-114] dBm/PRB Bin[7]: ]-120..-119] dBm/PRB
Bin[8]: ]-114..-113] dBm/PRB Bin[8]: ]-119..-118] dBm/PRB
Bin[9]: ]-113..-112] dBm/PRB pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDist: Bin[9]: ]-118..-117] dBm/PRB
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,585400,314600
Bin[10]: ]-112..-108] dBm/PRB Bin[10]: ]-117..-116] dBm/PRB
Bin[11]: ]-108..-104] dBm/PRB Bin[11]: ]-116..-115] dBm/PRB

)
Bin[12]: ]-104..-100] dBm/PRB High Interference Bin[12]: ]-115..-114] dBm/PRB

re
Bin[13]: ]-100..-96] dBm/PRB Bin[13]: ]-114..-113] dBm/PRB

u
Bin[14]: ]-96..-92] dBm/PRB Bin[14]: ]-113..-112] dBm/PRB
Bin[15]: ]-92..] dBm/PRB Bin[15]: ]-112..-108] dBm/PRB

ct
Deprecated: Since 21.Q2. Planned to be Bin[16]: ]-108..-104] dBm/PRB

e
removed. Replaced by NRCellDU:: Bin[17]: ]-104..-100] dBm/PRB

eL
pmRadioRecInterferencePowerDistr. Bin[18]: ]-100..-96] dBm/PRB
Bin[19]: ]-96..-92] dBm/PRB
Bin[20]: ]-92..] dBm/PRB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 7
Use the ‘Interference_Counters’ to check the level of interference at the time of the poor Random Access
Success Rate at the time found in Exercise 5 :

)
re
The interference at this time is
no greater than any other time

u
336-203 = 133

ct
133/336 = 39.5% of preambles may be regarded as

e
‘ghost/false preambles’

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Cell Range and Random Access (SA and NSA) (1)

ManagedElement
+GNBDUFunction
+NRCellDU
cellRange{1..100000} Maximum signal path distance from base station where
cellRange connection to UE can be set up and maintained.

If empty, system configures 5000 m for High-Band cells and 1600 m for Low-Band or Mid-
Band cells. For High-Band, 5000 m is the maximum value. If a higher value is configured,
value 5000 m is used.

X Value greater than 15000 m when rachPreambleFormat is

RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_00 (F0) can cause random access performance degradation

)
and interference to other channels.
gNB

re
Unit: 1 m

u
ct
pmRadioRaCbFailMsg1Ooc

e
The number of CBRA preambles discarded due to the timing offset corresponding to a

eL
greater distance than the configured cell range. Unit: messages

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Cell Range and Random Access (SA and NSA) (2)

pmRadioRaAttTaDistr (NRCellDU)
Distribution of measured TA values from all detected possible random access attempts.
TA values are expressed as a percentage of TA that correspond to configured cell range.
Unit: messages PDF Ranges:

Example: cellRange = 1600 m Bin[0]: [0..10[ %

Bin[1]: [10..20[ %
Bin[2]: [20..30[ %
Bin[3]: [30..40[ %
Bin[4]: [40..50[ %
Bin[5]: [50..60[ %
800 m Bin[6]: [60..70[ %
Bin[7]: [70..80[ %
Bin[8]: [80..90[ %
1900 m
X
Bin[9]: [90..100[ %
gNB Bin[10]: [100..110[ %
Bin[11]: [110..]: %

)
re
Condition: Stepped when RA Msg1 received. Counter includes both true and false random
access attempts.

u
ct
0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110%

e
eL
pmRadioRaAttTaDistr = 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
0m Bin[0] Bin[1]
160m Bin[2]
320m 480mBin[3]
640mBin[4] Bin[5]
800m Bin[6]
960m Bin[7]
1120m Bin[8] Bin[9] Bin[10] Bin[11]

t(
1280m 1440m 1600m 1760m

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 8
Use the ‘Cell_Range_Counters’ to check if there were any Random Access attempts from UEs outside the
cell range :

There are some at 110%

of the defined Cell range
and some preambles
discarded due to the
timing offset

)
corresponding to a

re
greater distance than the

u
configured cell range.

ct
But not enough to cause

e
any issues.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Random Access - Power Ramp-up Configuration (SA and NSA)

Random Access Power Ramp-up is controllable with two parameters:

— NRCellDU.rachPreambleRecTargetPower can be used to control the power of first Preamble

— The maximum number of reattempts is controlled by NRCellDU.rachPreambleTransMax
— When the maximum number of reattempts is reached, UE is expected to start a new Random Access Preamble

rachPreambleRecTargetPower (default: -110 dBm)

{ -202..-60 }

...
UE Tx Power/
RSRP

Power_Ramping_Step

)
re
...

u
ct
1st RA preamble

e
Nth Attempt (max)

eL
before declaring a failure
2nd RA preamble
rachPreambleTransMax (default: 10)
CPI (NR RAN 20.Q2)

t(
{3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200}
3rd RA preamble –Product Overview
–Features and Capacities

en
–Random Access

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UE Context Setup Success Rate (SA and NSA)

pmUeCtxtSetupAtt
B
UE Context Setup Success Rate = 100 X
(Captured in gNodeB) pmUeCtxtSetupSucc
gNB

)
re
5G NR Cell

u
ct
KPI on

e
NRCellDU level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UE Context Setup Success Rate (SA and NSA)

DU CU-CP
ManagedElement
GNBDUFunction UE Context Setup Request
NRCellDU
pmUeCtxtSetupAtt
pmUeCtxtSetupAtt +
Number of UE Context Setup attempts.
Condition: Stepped when UE CONTEXT SETUP
REQUEST message is received from gNodeB Central Unit. UE Context Setup Response

)
gNB

re
pmUeCtxtSetupSucc

u
Number of successful UE Context Setup procedures. pmUeCtxtSetupSucc +

ct
Condition: Stepped when UE CONTEXT SETUP

e
RESPONSE message is sent with successful result.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 9
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the UE Context setup Success Rate:

KPI:
pmUeCtxtSetupAtt
pmUeCtxtSetupSucc

EPC

)
B B

re
u
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DRB Accessibility - Success Rate for mapped 5QI (SA)

DRB Accessibility - Success Rate = 100 x RrcConnEstab x NgSigConnEstab x DrbEstab
for mapped 5QI [%]
B
gNB
Where:
RrcConnEstab = pmRrcConnEstabSucc – pmRrcConnEstabSuccMos
5G NR Cell
RrcConnEstabAtt
Counters on
RrcConnEstabAtt = pmRrcConnEstabAtt – (pmRrcConnEstabAttReatt + NRCellCU
pmRrcConnEstabAttMos – pmRrcConnEstabAttReattMos) level

)
re
pmRrcConnEstabAtt = pmNgSigConnEstabSucc – pmNgSigConnEstabSuccMos Repetitive attempts from

u
pmNgSigConnEstabAtt – pmNgSigConnEstabAttMos the same UE are removed.

ct
e
Accesses for mobile

eL
DrbEstab = pmDrbEstabAtt5qi
originated signaling are
pmDrbEstabSucc5qi

t(
removed.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 10
Calculate the DRB Accessibility Success Rate for the 5QI traffic types shown below:

)
gNB

ure
5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Initial Access (SA)

Overview
gNB
Like LTE, an UE is able to receive 5G data SIB1 broadcasted AMF SMF
services if it is registered and has at least one
PDU session established 1 2 Random Access & RRC Connection Establishment

AMF Selection
NGAP: Initial UE Message (NAS: Registration Request)
Unlike LTE, it is possible in NR for an UE to be
Authentication and NAS Security Activation
registered without a PDU session and Data
Radio Bearer (DRB) established (steps 1-3) RRC: DL Information Transfer NGAP: Initial Context Setup Request
(Registration Accept) (NAS: Registration Accept)
UE indicate ”Slice ID” in RRC Setup Complete AS Security
allowing slice specific treatement (e.g. CN node 3
RAN Initiated UE Capability Retrieval (if not provided by CN)
selection)
NGAP: Initial Context Setup Response

)
NAS: Registration Complete

re
Steps performed:

u
NAS: PDU Session Establishment Request

ct
PDU Session
(1) Random Access NGAP: PDU Session Resource Setup Request Established in 5GCN
4

e
RRC: DL Information Transfer (optional (optional NAS PDU, PDU Session Establishment
(2) RRC Connection Establishment

eL
NAS PDU) Accept)
(3) Registration f Reconfiguration
NGAP: PDU Session Resource Setup

t(
(4) PDU Session establishment Response

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR SA - Accessibility Counters (1)

ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
pmRrcConnEstabAtt
pmRrcConnEstabAtt Number of attempted RRC Connection Establishment procedures. See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Request. Condition: Stepped
when an RRC Setup Request message is received in gNodeB CU.
pmRrcConnEstabSucc
Number of successfully completed RRC Connection Establishment procedures. See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Complete. Condition: Stepped when an
RRC Setup Complete message is received in gNodeB CU.
pmRrcConnEstabAttReatt
Number of RRC Setup Requests that are considered as re-attempts. See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Request. Condition: Stepped when an RRC Setup
Request message is received in gNodeB CU while an RRC Connection Establishment is already ongoing with same UE identity.
pmRrcConnEstabAttMos
Number of attempted RRC Connection Establishment procedures with establishment cause Mobile Originating Signaling (MOS). See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC
Setup Request. Condition: Stepped when an RRC Setup Request message is received in gNodeB CU with establishment cause Mobile Originating Signaling

)
(MOS).

re
gNB
pmRrcConnEstabSuccMos

u
Successful RRC Connection Establishments where establishment cause is Mobile Originating Signaling (MOS). See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Complete.

ct
Condition: Stepped when an RRC Setup Complete message is received in gNodeB CU and establishment cause is Mobile Originating Signaling (MOS).
pmRrcConnEstabAttReattMos

e
eL
Number of RRC Setup Requests that are considered as re-attempts for establishment cause Mobile Originating Signaling (MOS). See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC
Setup Request. Condition: Stepped when an RRC Setup Request message is received in gNodeB CU with establishment cause Mobile Originating Signaling
(MOS) and while an RRC Connection Establishment is already ongoing with same UE identity.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR SA - Accessibility Counters (2)

ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
pmNgSigConnEstabAtt
The number of NG signaling connection establishment attempts. Unit: messages
Condition: Stepped at initiation of the AMF selection, selecting to which AMF the NGAP message Initial UE Message shall be
sent.
pmNgSigConnEstabAttMos
Number of NG signaling connection establishment attempts for connections with RRC establishment cause Mobile Originating
Signaling (MOS) by receiving a first message from AMF. See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Request. Unit: messages
Condition: Stepped at initiation of AMF selection, selecting to which AMF the NGAP message Initial UE Message can be sent.
pmNgSigConnEstabSucc

)
gNB The number of successful NG signaling connection establishments. Unit: messages

re
Condition: Stepped at first message received on this UE associated logical NG connection.

u
pmNgSigConnEstabSuccMos

ct
Number of successful NG signaling connection establishments for connections with RRC establishment cause Mobile Originating

e
Signaling (MOS). See 3GPP TS 38.331, RRC Setup Request. Unit: messages

eL
Condition: Stepped when first message is received on this UE associated to logical NG connection.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR SA - Accessibility Counters (3)

ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
pmDrbEstabAtt5qi
Number of DRB establishment attempts for each 5QI for each cell.
Compressed: True
Condition: Stepped when attempting to establish DRB using one of following NGAP procedures:
- Initial Context Setup.
- PDU Session Resource Setup.
- PDU Session Resource Modify.
pmDrbEstabSucc5qi
Number of successful DRB establishments for each 5QI for each cell.

)
gNB

re
Compressed: True

u
Condition: Stepped when a DRB is successfully established using one of following NGAP procedures:

ct
- Initial Context Setup.

e
- PDU Session Resource Setup.

eL
- PDU Session Resource Modify.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Accessibility

)
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5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Formats

Used in Ericsson for Low and Mid-Band
Used in Ericsson for Low-Band

NR Bands
Low-Band< 1 GHz
Used in Ericsson for High-Band
1 GHz < Mid-Band< 6 GHz
6 GHz < High-Band

)
re
Used in Ericsson for High-Band

u
Used in Ericsson for Low and Mid-Band

e ct
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format 0 (Low-Band)

CP SEQ GP
TCP = 3168k msec UE at Antenna
TSEQ = 24576k msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 2976k msec
Therefore:
TCP = 3168 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.1032 msec = 103.2 usec
TSEQ = 24576 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.8006 msec = 800.6 usec
TGP = 2976k = 2976 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.0969 msec = 96.9 usec

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) or the length of Guard
Period (TGP), whichever is the longest.

Low-Band (μ = 0)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 15 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(15X103) = 66.7 usec
TGP = 96.9 usec

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the GP length of 96.9 usec we get a maximum propagation distance of

eL
(96.9 X 300) = 29070 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (29070/2) = 14535 m UE 14,535 m from Antenna

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Actual range may be slightly higher

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format 0 (Mid-Band)

CP SEQ GP
TCP = 3168k msec UE at Antenna
TSEQ = 24576k msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 2976k msec
Therefore:
TCP = 3168 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.1032 msec = 103.2 usec
TSEQ = 24576 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.8006 msec = 800.6 usec
TGP = 2976k = 2976 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.0969 msec = 96.9 usec

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) or the length of Guard
Period (TGP), whichever is the longest.

Mid-Band (μ = 1)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 30 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(30X103) = 33.3 usec
TGP = 96.9 usec

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the GP length of 96.9 usec we get a maximum propagation distance of

eL
(96.9 X 300) = 29070 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (29070/2) = 14535 m UE 14,535 m from Antenna

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Actual range may be slightly higher

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format 1 (Low-Band)

CP SEQ SEQ GP
TCP = 21024k msec UE at Antenna
TSEQ = 24576k msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 21984k msec
Therefore:
TCP = 21024 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.6849 msec = 684.9 usec
TSEQ = 24576 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.8006 msec = 800.6 usec
TGP = 21984 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 = 0.7162 msec = 716.2 usec

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) or the length of Guard
Period (TGP), whichever is the longest.

Low-Band (μ = 0)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 15 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(15X103) = 66.7 usec
TGP = 716.2 usec

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the GP length of 716.2 usec we get a maximum propagation distance of

eL
(716.2 X 300) = 214860 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (214860/2) = 107430 m UE 107,430 m from Antenna

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format B4 (Low-Band)

CP SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ GP

TCP = 936k2-μ msec UE at Antenna

TSEQ = 2048k2-μ msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 792k2-μ msec μ = numerology i.e. 0 for Low-Band
Therefore:
TCP = 936 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-0 = 0.0305msec = 30.5 usec
TSEQ = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-0 = 0.0667 msec = 66.7 usec
TGP = 792 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-0 = 0.0258 msec = 25.8 usec

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) or the length of Guard
Period (TGP), whichever is the longest.

Low-Band (μ = 0)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 15 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(15X103) = 66.7 usec
TGP = 25.8 usec

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the symbol duration (Ts) of 66.7 usec we get a maximum propagation

eL
distance of (66.7 X 300) = 20010 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (20010/2) = 10005 m UE 10,005 m from Antenna

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Actual range may be slightly lower

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format B4 (Mid-Band)

CP SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ GP

TCP = 936k2-μ msec UE at Antenna

TSEQ = 2048k2-μ msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 792k2-μ msec μ = numerology i.e. 1 for Mid-Band
Therefore:
TCP = 936 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-1 = 0.0152msec = 15.2 usec
TSEQ = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-1 = 0.0334 msec = 33.4 usec
TGP = 792 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-1 = 0.0129 msec = 12.9 usec

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) or the length of Guard
Period (TGP), whichever is the longest.

Mid-Band (μ = 1)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 30 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(30X103) = 33.3 usec
TGP = 12.9 usec

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the symbol duration (Ts) of 33.3 usec we get a maximum propagation

eL
distance of (33.3 X 300) = 9990 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (9990/2) = 4995 m UE 4,995 m from Antenna

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Actual range may be slightly higher

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format A3 (High-Band)

CP SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ

TCP = 864k2-μ msec UE at Antenna

TSEQ = 2048k2-μ msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = N/A (no GP) μ = numerology i.e. 3 for High-Band
Therefore:
TCP = 864 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-3 = 0.00352 msec = 3.52 usec
TSEQ = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-3 = 0.00834 msec = 8.34 usec
TGP = N/A

Maximum Cell range is based on the Symbol Duration (Ts) since there is no Guard
Period (TGP).

High-Band (μ = 3)

)
re
Subcarrier spacing = 120 kHz => Symbol Duration (Ts) = 1/(120X103) = 8.33 usec
TGP = N/A

u
ct
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

e
based on the symbol duration (Ts) of 8.33 usec we get a maximum propagation

eL
distance of (8.33 X 300) = 2500 m.
Which equates to a maximum cell range of (2500/2) = 1250 m UE 1,250 m from Antenna

t(
Actual range may be slightly lower

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Preamble Format C2 (High-Band)

CP SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ GP

TCP = 2048k2-μ msec UE at Antenna

TSEQ = 2048k2-μ msec k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
TGP = 2912k2 msec
-μ
μ = numerology i.e. 3 for High-Band
Therefore:
TCP = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-3 = 0.00834 msec = 8.34 usec
TSEQ = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-3 = 0.00834 msec = 8.34 usec
TGP = 2912 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-3 = 0.01186 msec = 11.86 usec
To extend the cell range in High-Band the number of Guard symbols in the Special
slot may be increased up to 5 as shown below:
Downlink Slots Special Slot Uplink Slots
D S U

)
Switching (7 usec) Switching (7 usec)

re
D D D D D D D G G G G G U U

u
Downlink Symbols Guard Symbols Uplink Symbols

ct
(5 X 8.33) – 7 – 7 = 27.65 usec

e
With the speed of RF assumed to be the same a slight i.e. 300000 km/s or 300 m/us,

eL
based on 27.65 usec we get a maximum propagation distance of (27.65 X 300) =
8295 m. Which equates to a maximum cell range of (8295/2) = 4147 m UE 4,147 m from Antenna

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Root Sequence and Cell Range

The UE will distinguish its RACH preamble from other UEs by picking one
of 16 available preamble signatures. (8 in High-band)
These signatures are constructed by phase shifting one or more Zadoff-
Cell Range = 1550 m Chu (ZC) RACH Root Sequences.
(RTT =10.33us ) RACH Preamble Format B4
139 bits Terror accounts CP SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ GP
Zadoff-Chu sequence (n) for any time
TSEQ = 2048k2-μ msec
alignment k = 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 msec according to TS38.211
Zadoff-Chu sequence (n)
NCS errors. μ = numerology i.e. 1 for Mid-Band
(46 bits) Zadoff-Chu sequence (n) TSEQ = 2048 X 64 X 0.509 X 10-6 X 2-1 = 0.0334 msec = 33.4 usec
Sequence length (NZC) = 139 (Format A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, C0, C2)
Zadoff-Chu sequence (n+1) Bit duration = 33.4/139 = 0.24 usec.

)
re
RTT = 2 X (1550/300) = 10.33 usec + 0.5 usec (Terror) added to give a total of 10.83 usec.

u
RTT distance of 10.83 usec equates to (10.83/0.24) = 45.125 bits.

ct
Which means that the minimum cyclic shift required (NCS) is 46 bits.

e
Since the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) Sequence length is 139 bits a maximum of 139/46 = 3.02 = 3 preamble signatures can be

eL
created from one Zadoff-Chu (ZC) Sequence.

t(
To support 16 RACH signatures in the cell 16/3 = 5.33 or 6 RACH Root Sequences are needed.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Root Sequence (Low-Band)

Note: When the RACH preamble format is set to format 0, the

cell range can be configured to be greater than 15,000 m.

)
However, this can cause random access performance

re
degradation and interference with other channels.

u
(1) Format B4 is the default preamble format. For supported low-band formats, see Feature Operation in Coverage Extension Low-Band.

ct
(2) To avoid high levels of false detection, the use of N CS configuration 1 and 2 is not recommended for preamble format B4.
CPI (NR RAN 21.Q3)

e
–Product Overview

eL
–Features and Capacities
–Random Access
–8. Engineering Guidelines of Random Access in EN-DC

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Root Sequence Mid-Band

Note: When the RACH preamble format is set to format 0, the

cell range can be configured to be greater than 15,000 m.

)
However, this can cause random access performance

re
Previous NCS calculation degradation and interference with other channels.

u
(1) To avoid high levels of false detection, the use of N CS configuration 1 and 2 is not recommended for preamble format B4.

ct
CPI (NR RAN 21.Q3)

e
–Product Overview

eL
–Features and Capacities
–Random Access
–8. Engineering Guidelines of Random Access in EN-DC

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Root Sequence High-Band

(1) The cell range represents preamble reception with correct Time of Arrival calculation. It does not consider other cell
range limitations such as the required gap symbols between downlink and uplink.
(2) To obtain a cell range of 4 km, additional gap symbols between downlink and uplink must be configured. This can be
achieved through the introduction of new special slot patterns.

)
Note: 8 preamble signatures are required in High-band as opposed to 16 in low and mid band. Since only

re
one preamble sequence is possible in each Root Sequence each cell requires 8 RACH Root Sequences

u
ct
CPI (NR RAN 21.Q3)

e
–Product Overview

eL
–Features and Capacities
–Random Access
–8. Engineering Guidelines of Random Access in EN-DC

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Random Access Parameters (SA and NSA)

ManagedElement enum RachPreambleFormatType
GNBDUFunction 0
RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_00
RACH preamble format 0.
NRCellDU
RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_01
rachPreambleFormat = RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_01 1
RACH preamble format B4.
RACH preamble format. Only applicable for Low-Band and Mid-Band cells. 2
RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_02
RACH preamble format 1.
Dependencies: RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_02 (format 1) is only
applicable for Low-Band
rachPreambleRecTargetPower = -110 {-202..-60}
Target random access preamble power level at network receiver side.
Unit: 1 dBm

B
Resolution: 2
rachPreambleTransMax = 10 {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200}

)
gNB Maximum number of random access preamble transmissions

re
performed before declaring a failure.

u
rachRootSequence = 1 {0..837}

ct
First root sequence index for random access preamble generation.

e
eL
Dependencies: rachRootSequence < 138 if rachPreambleFormat is
set to RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_01 (B4)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RACH Root Sequence Example (Mid-Band)

ManagedElement Applying the value 1 for ‘rachRootSequence’
+GNBDUFunction with a ‘cellRange’ value of 1500 will mean
+NRCellDU = Cell_1 that RACH Root sequences 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
cellRange = 1500 are to be used in that cell.
rachPreambleFormat = 1 (B4) SIB 1 (Cell_1)
rachrootsequence = 1 zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 14
+NRCellDU = Cell_2 prach-RootSequenceIndex: l139 : 1
cellRange = 1500
rachPreambleFormat = 1 (B4)
rachrootsequence = 7 SIB 1 (Cell_2)
+NRCellDU = Cell_3 zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 14
cellRange = 1500 prach-RootSequenceIndex: l139 : 7

)
rachPreambleFormat = 1 (B4)

re
rachrootsequence = 13
The values of the rachRootSequence in SIB 1 (Cell_3)

u
adjacent cells must differ by at least 6 zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 14

ct
and 131 at most between two neighbors. prach-RootSequenceIndex: l139 : 13

e
eL
The reason for this is a wrap-around between the first and the last value in the value range.
131 + 6 < 138 for RACH Preamble Format B4. (Sequence length (NZC) = 139)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 2 Exercise 9
Fill in the blanks in this diagram: ManagedElement
+GNBDUFunction
+NRCellDU = Cell_1
bandList = 77, 78 (Mid Band)
cellRange = 15000
SIB 1 (Cell_1)
rachPreambleFormat = 0 (0)
rachrootsequence = 1
zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 12
+NRCellDU = Cell_2
prach-RootSequenceIndex: l839 : 1
bandList = 77, 78 (Mid Band)
cellRange = 15000
rachPreambleFormat = 0 (0) SIB 1 (Cell_2)
rachrootsequence = 4 zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 12

)
+NRCellDU = Cell_3 prach-RootSequenceIndex: l839 : 4

re
bandList = 77, 78 (Mid Band)

u
cellRange = 15000

ct
rachPreambleFormat = 0 (0) SIB 1 (Cell_3)

e
rachrootsequence = 7 zeroCorrelationZoneConfig: 12

eL
prach-RootSequenceIndex: l839 : 7

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PRACH Format Selection (Low-Band)

Format B4 is the default PRACH format for Low-Band
• Supports a maximum cell range of 10 km with 139 RACH Root Sequences.

‘Coverage Extension Low-Band’ (FAJ 121 5080) Basic Feature

Included in the ‘NR Base Package, (FAJ 801 4002)’
• Introduces support for PRACH format 0 for Low-Band which supports a maximum cell range of 15 km with 839
RACH Root Sequences.
• The increased number of RACH Root Sequences and longer sequence length increases the number of available
preamble sequences which reduces the risk of collision between random access attempts by UEs in different
cells. Suported in FDD only

)
re
‘Extended Propagation Delay Support for Low-Band’ Optional Feature
Included in the ‘Advanced Coverage Extension, (FAJ 801 4006) NR RAN Value Package)’

u
ct
• Introduces support for PRACH format 1 which supports a maximum cell range of 100 km with 838 RACH Root

e
Sequences.

eL
• Compared to format 0, format 1 has repetition of PRACH symbol which gives better SNR performance.
• PRACH preamble format 1 occupies three uplink slots. Suported in FDD only

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PRACH Format Selection (Mid-Band)

Format B4 is the default PRACH format for Mid-Band
• Supports a maximum cell range of 5 km with 139 RACH Root Sequences.

‘PRACH Enhancements Mid-Band’ Optional Feature

Included in the ‘Advanced Coverage Extension, (FAJ 801 4006) Value Package’
• Introduces support for PRACH format 0 for Mid-Band which supports a maximum cell range of 15 km with 839
RACH Root Sequences.
• The increased number of RACH Root Sequences and longer sequence length increases the number of available
preamble sequences which reduces the risk of collision between random access attempts by UEs in different
cells.
• The use of preamble formats in Mid-Band is determined by the used TDD patterns. Format 0 supports TDD
patterns with two or more continuous uplink slots only.

)
re
The following TDD patterns are supported:
- DDDSUDDSUU (4+1+3+2), with configuration index 7

u
ct
- DDDSUUDDDD (4+2+4), with configuration index 9

e
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PRACH Format Selection (High-Band)

Format A3 is the default PRACH format for High-Band
• Supports a maximum cell range of 1.25 km with 139 RACH Root Sequences.

‘Extended Propagation Delay Support High-Band’ Optional Feature

Included in the ‘Advanced Coverage Extension, (FAJ 801 4006) Value Package’
• Introduces support for PRACH format C2 for High-Band which supports a maximum cell range of 4 km with 139
RACH Root Sequences.
• The ‘cellRange’ parameter determines the cell range and the number of gap symbols in the special slot. When
the feature license is activated, the special slot configuration of the 4 downlink + 1 uplink TDD pattern is
selected on the basis of the attribute value as shown here:

)
u re
e ct
eL
Without the feature the cell range value is limited to 1,100 m, and the 10:2:2 TDD special slot pattern is used.
NOTE: The TDD slot pattern is not only determined by the cell range value, but it also subject to license

t(
activation.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Retainability

)
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u
5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Non-Standalone Retainability Overview

In NR NSA scenario:
— Control plane is established in LTE cell / eNodeB
while user plane is established in NR cell/gNodeB EPC
S1-C S1-U
— The loss of the NR link does not imply the loss of
X2-C
the control plane link
X2-U
DRB
LTE NR
SRB DRB
If both LTE and NR branches are dropped:
— The user will perceive it as a drop
UE
EPC

)
S1-C S1-U

re
If only NR branch is lost:
X2-C

u
— The time to re-establish the RAB either in LTE or

ct
X2-U
NR will be perceived as a degradation in integrity

e
DRB
KPIs (lower throughput or higher delay) LTE NR

eL
SRB DRB

t(
UE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Non-Standalone Retainability KPIs

In providing wireless end-user services, services must not be interrupted or ended prematurely
Retainability in EN-DC is measured by:

EPC EPC
S1-C S1-U S1-C S1-U

X2-C X2-C

X2-U X2-U
DRB DRB
LTE NR LTE NR

)
SRB DRB SRB DRB

u re
ct
UE UE

e
eL
E-RAB Retainability KPI SCG radio resource Retainability KPI

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated E-RAB Retainability - Percentage Lost

Captured in eNodeB (EN-DC)
To monitor EN-DC stage 1 and 2 is recommended.
pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnbAct_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelAbnormalMmeAct_Endcxxx
EPC

Differentiated E-RAB Retainability - %Lost = 100X

FlexErabRelAbnormalAct
FlexErabRelTotal
B B
(Captured in eNodeB) eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

)
re
EUtranCellFDD/

u
EUtranCellTDD level

e ct
pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnb_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelNormalEnb_Endcxxx + pmFlexErabRelMme_Endcxxx

eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated E-RAB Retainability - Percentage Lost Captured in eNodeB

Example from a Cluster

)
ure
ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 3 Exercise 1
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the worst Differentiated E-RAB Retainability:

pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnbAct_Endc1To99 + pmFlexErabRelAbnormalMmeAct_Endc1To99
KPI:
pmFlexErabRelAbnormalEnb_Endc1To99 + pmFlexErabRelNormalEnb_Endc1To99 + pmFlexErabRelMme_Endc1To99

EPC

B B

)
re
eNB gNB

u
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SCG Active Radio Resource Retainability, Captured in

gNodeB
pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct
EPC

SCG Active Radio Resource Retainability%= 100 x

EndcRelAbnormalAct
EndcUeRelTotal
B B
(Captured in gNodeB) eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

)
re
KPI is on

u
pmEndcRelUeNormal + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb NRCellCU level

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SCG Radio Resource Retainability Captured in gNodeB

Example from a Cluster

)
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ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 3 Exercise 2
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the worst SCG Active Radio Resource Retainability:

pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenbAct + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnbAct
KPI:
pmEndcRelUeNormal + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb

EPC

)
B B

re
u
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Bearer Type Transitions (EN-DC connection release)

MN Terminated SN Terminated
1 MCG DRB Split DRB
Initial Context Setup / LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
2
Incoming Handover /
RRC Re-establishment PDCP SN Addition PDCP
2 At reception of a B1 measurement report RLC RLC RLC
or after the Initial Context Setup procedure
is completed (configuration based) MAC MAC MAC
5
L1 L1 L1
3 When a bearer is set up that prevents other bearers being SN Release
configured as SN Terminated Split Bearers, for example at
VoLTE call setup

3 4
4 At reception of a B1 measurement. The B1 measurement is started
when the bearer – that prevents other bearers to be configured as SN SCG Release SCG Addition
terminated Split DRBs – is released, for example at VoLTE call release. (SN Modification) (SN Modification)

)
5 Triggered by NR radio link failure or by LTE or NR mobility
SN Terminated

re
events. The transition from the SN Terminated MCG Bearer state is triggered 5 MCG DRB
only by LTE mobility events (as there are no SCG resources in this case).

u
SN Release LTE (MN) NR (SN)

ct
PDCP

e
RLC

eL
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4) MN: Master Node
– Planning SN: Secondary Node MAC
–RAN Information MCG: Master Cell Group

t(
–5G Mobility and Traffic Management Guideline (4.3) SCG: Secondary Cell Group L1
DRB: Data Radio Bearer

en
SRB: Signaling Radio Bearer

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SN Release Overview (EN-DC)

MN Terminated SN Terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
PDCP PDCP
MeNB initiated SN Release triggered at: RLC
SN Release
RLC RLC
MAC MAC MAC
— UE detected RLF L1 L1 L1

— Failed random access

— RLC UL delivery failure
— Out of synchronization UE MeNB SgNB EPC

— LTE handover MeNB initiated SN Release

RLF, suspend SCG

SgNB initiated SN Release triggered at: SCG Failure Indication NR

)
re
— gNB detected RLF

u
SgNB initiated SN Release

ct
— RLC DL delivery failure RLF, NR Cell Lock

e
— NR cell lock

eL
SN Release (gNB to eNB relocation) + Start

t(
B1 measurement

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC connection release initiated by eNodeB

UE MeNB CU-CP gNodeB MME
Trigger SN Release

pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocAtt + SN terminated
MN terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
Prepare for DRB reconfiguration
X2AP: SgNB Release Request SN Release

With which cause

code indicating
release?
pmEndcRelUeNormal + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalMenb +

Suspend DRB

X2AP: SgNB Release Request Ack

RRC: RRCConnectionReconfiguration (release SCG + start B1)
XSAP: SN Status Transfer

)
LTE Random Access

re
UL User data in LTE (new ciphering)

u
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Indication

ct
Resume DRB

e
DL User data in LTE

eL
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Confirm
(new ciphering)
pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocSucc +

t(
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4)
X2AP: UE Context Release – Product Overview
–Features and Capacities

en
–LTE-NR Dual Connectivity

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC connection release initiated by gNodeB

UE MeNB CU-CP gNodeB MME
Trigger NR Connection Release
X2AP: SgNB Release Required SN terminated
MN terminated
MCG DRB Split DRB
pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocAtt + pmEndcRelUeAbnormalSgnb +
SN Release
Prepare for DRB reconfiguration

X2AP: SgNB Release Confirm

Suspend DRB
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfiguration (release SCG + start B1)

XSAP: SN Status Transfer

LTE Random Access

UL User data in LTE (new ciphering key)

)
re
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Indication

u
ct
Resume DRB
DL User data in LTE

e
S1AP: E-RAB Modification Confirm
(new ciphering key)

eL
pmEndcRelMnMcgRelocSucc +

t(
CPI (NR RAN 19.Q4)
X2AP: UE Context Release – Product Overview
–Features and Capacities

en
–LTE-NR Dual Connectivity

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

SN Release with Packet Forwarding

UE MeNB SgNB UE MeNB SgNB

X2AP: X2AP:
SGNB RELEASE REQUEST SGNB RELEASE REQUIRED

X2AP: X2AP:
RRC: SGNB RELEASE REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE RRC: SGNB RELEASE CONFIRM
RRCConnectionReconfiguration RRCConnectionReconfiguration

RRC: RRC:
RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete

X2AP: X2AP:
SN STATUS TRANSFER SN STATUS TRANSFER

Packet Forwarding Packet Forwarding

)
Tunnel Tunnel

re
PDCP SDUs PDCP SDUs

u
ct
X2AP: X2AP:

e
UE CONTEXT RELEASE UE CONTEXT RELEASE

eL
MN Initiated SN Initiated

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Radio Link Failure (in EN-DC) (1/2)

1. When a UE configured with EN-DC with SCG MeNB 2. MN Initiated SN
moves out of NR coverage, a NR Radio Link Release
Failure will eventually be triggered

— Detected by the en-gNB S1-U

or
X2-U X2-C 1. NR Radio Link Failure
— Detected by the UE and reported to the MeNB (RRC: SCGFailureInformationNR)
via RRC: SCGFailureInformationNR message SGW
S1-U

2. The Radio Link Failure triggers a SN release.

)
B1 measurements are configured upon SN

re
1. NR Radio Link Failure
release

u
SgNB

ct
2. SN Initiated SN

e
Release

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Radio Link Failure (in EN-DC) (2/2)

— UE detected NR RLF: UE EPC
MeNB SgNB
— Not possible to synch to NR cell (scg-ChangeFailure)
— T304 is started at reception of SCG configuration at EN-DC Setup UE detected RLF
— T304 is stopped at successful random access.
— T304 expiry -> radio link failure Suspend SCG
— RLC UL delivery failure (RLC-MaxNumRetx)
SCG Failure Indication NR
— Number of UL RLC retransmissions in NR leg exceeds a threshold
(ulMaxRetxThreshold)
— Out of synchronization (t310-Expiry)
MeNB initiated NR Leg Release
— UE monitors SSB (TRS in High-Band) and counts “in-synch” and
“out-of-synch” indications.

)
— N310 consecutive “out-of-synch” indications starts timer T310

re
— N311 consecutive “in-synch” indication stops timer T310 Network detected RLF

u
— T310 expiry -> radio link failure

ct
— Network detected NR RLF SgNB initiated NR Leg Release

e
eL
— RLC DL delivery failure
— Number of DL RLC retransmissions in NR leg exceeds a threshold

t(
(dlMaxRetxThreshold)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC connection release initiated by eNodeB Example

LTE Cell B B
X
RRC SCG Failure Information NR X2AP5g SGnB Release Request
eNB gNB
5G NR Cell Handover Desirable for Radio Reasons,
Time Critical Handover,
Resource Optimisation Handover,
Reduce Load in Serving Cell,
Partial Handover,
Unknown New eNB UE X2AP ID, Unknown Old eNB UE X2AP ID,
Unknown Pair of UE X2AP ID,
HO Target not Allowed,

RRC { X2AP { TX2RELOCoverall Expiry,

TRELOCprep Expiry,

pdu: value UL-DCCH-Message ::= { pdu: value X2AP-PDU ::= initiatingMessage : { Cell not Available,
No Radio Resources Available in Target Cell,

message messageClassExtension : c2 : scgFailureInformationNR_r15 : { procedureCode 31,

Invalid MME Group ID,
Unknown MME Code,
Encryption And/Or Integrity Protection Algorithms Not Supported,

criticalExtensions c1 : scgFailureInformationNR_r15 : { criticality ignore,

ReportCharacteristicsEmpty,
NoReportPeriodicity,
ExistingMeasurementID,

failureReportSCG-NR-r15 { value SgNBReleaseRequest : {

Unknown eNB Measurement ID,
Measurement Temporarily not Available,
Unspecified,...,

failureType-r15 t310-Expiry protocolIEs {

Load Balancing,
Handover Optimisation,
Value out of allowed range,

{ Normal Multiple E-RAB ID instances, Switch Off Ongoing,

Not supported QCI value,
Measurement not supported for the object,TDCoverall Expiry,

t310-Expiry id 111, Release i.e. TDCprep Expiry,

Action Desirable for Radio Reasons,
Reduce Load,

randomAccessProblem criticality reject, all others are

Resource Optimisation,
Time Critical action,
Target not Allowed,
rlc-MaxNumRetx value UE-X2AP-ID regarded
: 4090 as
No Radio Resources Available,
Invalid QoS combination,

synchReconfigFailureSCG
Encryption Algorithms Not Supported,

}, abnormal Procedure cancelled, RRM purpose,

)
Improve user bit rate,
scg-reconfigFailure User Inactivity,

re
dummy {
Radio Connection With UE Lost,
id 207, Failure in the Radio Interface Procedure,

u
Bearer Option not Supported,

criticality reject, MCG Mobility,

SCG Mobility,

ct
value SgNB-UE-X2AP-ID : 4116 Count reaches max value,

},
Unknown Old en-gNB UE X2AP ID,
PDCP Overload,

e
CHO-CPC resources to be changed,

{
UE Power Saving,
Insufficient UE Capabilities,

eL
Normal Release,
id 5, Unknown E-UTRAN node Measurement ID

criticality ignore,

t(
value Cause : radioNetwork : radio-connection-with-UE-lost

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Setup Failure Monitored in eNodeB

LTE Cell B B
X
RRC SCG Failure Information NR X2AP5g SGnB Release Request
eNB gNB
5G NR Cell

failureType-r15 randomAccessProblem value Cause : radioNetwork : radio-connection-with-UE-lost

ManagedElement
+- ENodeBFunction
+-EUtranCellFDD/TDD
pmEndcSetupFailNrRa
Number of reconfiguration with sync failure and NR RACH failure
when configuring EN-DC.

)
re
Scanner: Not included in any predefined scanner

u
ct
Condition: Stepped at every received RRC

e
SCGFailureInformationNR message indicating cause value

eL
synchReconfigFailure-SCG or randomAccessProblem.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 3 Exercise 3
Use the EN-DC Setup Failure counters to find the ROP with the most NR RACH failures:

EPC

B B

)
re
eNB gNB

u
ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DRB Retainability - Percentage of Active Lost per mapped 5QI (SA)

This KPI measures the percentage of established DRBs that

are abnormally released, initiated by gNodeB or AMF.

DRB Retainability - Percentage of pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmfAct5qi

Active Lost per mapped 5QI [%] = 100 x
pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

)
u re
Abnormal releases occur when the bearer is considered 5G NR Cell

ct
continuous, or bursty and active at the time of release.

e
Counters on

eL
Bursty and active means that the data remains in DL or UL NRCellCU
buffers in the last 100 ms.

t(
level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DRB Retainability - Percentage of Active Lost per mapped 5QI,

gNodeB triggered only (SA)
This KPI only measures releases initiated by the gNodeB

DRB Retainability - Percentage of

pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi
Active Lost per mapped 5QI, = 100 x
gNodeB triggered only [%] pmDrbRelNormal5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalGnb5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmf5qi

B
gNB

)
u re
Abnormal releases occur when the bearer is considered 5G NR Cell

ct
continuous, or bursty and active at the time of release.

e
Counters on

eL
Bursty and active means that the data remains in DL or UL NRCellCU
buffers in the last 100 ms.

t(
level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DRB Retainability - Session Time Normalized per mapped 5QI

Loss Rate (SA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower.
– The PM counters in this KPI are on cell level and exist for each mapped 5QI.

1000 is used since pmSessionTimeDrb5qi is in msec

DRB Retainability - Session Time 1000 X (pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi + pmDrbRelAbnormalAmfAct5qi)
Normalized per mapped 5QI Loss = pmSessionTimeDrb5qi
Rate [1/s]
B
gNB

)
u re
To achieve the number of minutes for each drop, use inverse of 5G NR Cell

ct
the Retainability KPI and transform unit from seconds to

e
minutes. Counters on

eL
NRCellCU

t(
level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DRB Retainability - Session Time Normalized per mapped 5QI

Loss Rate, gNodeB triggered only (SA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower.
– The PM counters in this KPI are on cell level and exist for each mapped 5QI.

1000 is used since pmSessionTimeDrb5qi is in msec

DRB Retainability - Session Time 1000 X (pmDrbRelAbnormalGnbAct5qi )
Normalized per mapped 5QI Loss = pmSessionTimeDrb5qi
gNodeB Triggered only Rate [1/s]
B
gNB

)
u re
This KPI only measures releases initiated by the gNodeB. 5G NR Cell

ct
e
To achieve the number of minutes for each drop, use inverse of Counters on

eL
the Retainability KPI and transform unit from seconds to NRCellCU
minutes.

t(
level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 3 Exercise 4
Calculate the 5G NR SA DRB Retainability KPIs for 5QI 8 for the data shown below:

)
gNB

u re
5G NR Cell

e ct
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network RLF detection (DL) Standalone NR

gNB AMF
gNB DL RLF detected due
to RLC failure
User data NGAP: UE Context Release Request
(Radio Connection with UE Lost)

NGAP: UE Context Release Command

Poll request (Radio Connection with UE Lost)

No Ack tPollRetransmitDl
NGAP: UE Context Release Complete

Poll request
Non-Standalone NR MeNB
...

S1-U
Poll request
X2-U X2-C

)
No Ack

re
tPollRetransmitDl SGW
Poll request S1-U

u
1. DL NR Radio

ct
Link Failure
SgNB

e
Max number of DL RLC Transmission 2. SN Initiated SN

eL
Release
reached

t(
for DRB or SRB (dlMaxRetxThreshold) CPI (NR RAN 20.Q1) CPI (NR RAN 20.Q1)
– Product Overview – Planning

en
–Features and Capacities –RAN Information

ag 21
–NR Standalone –5G Mobility and Traffic Management Guideline (6.2.5)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Parameters that Impact Radio Link Failure in 5G NR (1/2)

ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
+-Rrc
t304=1000 {50, 100, 150, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 10000} [1 msec]
Waiting time for successful completion of random access.
For EN-DC, provided to UE by SCG radio configuration.
t310=2000 {0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 6000} [1 msec]
Waiting time for radio link failure.
EPC
t311=3000 {1000, 3000, 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000, 30000} [1 msec]
UE timer triggered at radio link failure.
n310=20 {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20}
B B

)
Maximum number of consecutive out of sync indications received from

re
eNB gNB lower layers.

u
ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell n311=1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10}

e
Maximum number of consecutive in-sync indications received from

eL
lower layers.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Parameters that Impact Radio Link Failure in 5G NR (2/2)

ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
+- RadioBearerTable
+- DataRadioBearer
ulMaxRetxThreshold
The number of the maximum allowed RLC retransmissions in uplink.
dlMaxRetxThreshold
The number of the maximum allowed RLC retransmissions in downlink.
EPC
ulPollPdu
The number of the AM RLC Packet Data Units sent uplink before polling for a
status report in the UE.
The number of the AM RLC Packet Data Units sent downlink before polling for
B B

)
a status report in the UE.

re
eNB gNB tPollRetransmitUl

u
The time before a new poll is requested, if no status report arrives for the

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
sequence number in the same UL AM RLC data PDU.

e
tPollRetransmitDl

eL
The time before a new poll is requested, if no status report arrives for the

t(
sequence number in the same DL AM RLC data PDU.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Integrity

)
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u
5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G NR Integrity
Throughput Speed at which packets can be transferred on air interface during an
active burst.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Counters (1) QCI 8

S1-U
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN)
RpUserPlaneLink=gNodeB_eNodeB
EutranCellFDD/TDD= [0..24] pmPdcpVolTransDlQos
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99 Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits)
Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits) X2-U PDCP
RpUserPlaneLink=internal
pmPdcpVolTransDlQos
Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits)
RLC NRCellDU= [0..48] RLC
pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot
MAC pmMacVolDlDrb MAC

)
Unit: bytes

re
pmMacVolDl

u
Unit: bytes

ct
e
UEs in EN-DC Stage 2 (ENDC is active for the UE)

eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Counters (2)

pmPdcpVolTransDlQos = ∑pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99 + Packet Forwarding Overhead
for all all EutranCellFDD/TDD MOs
eNodeB (MN) gNodeB (SN)
RpUserPlaneLink=gNodeB_eNodeB
EutranCellFDD/TDD= [0..24] pmPdcpVolTransDlQos
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99 Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits)
Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits) X2-U PDCP

RLC

)
u re
e ct
eL
Packet Forwarding Overhead is between 2 and 17 %

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Counters (3)

pmPdcpVolTransDlQos + RLC Overhead = ∑(pmMacVolDlDrb + pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot + pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst)
for all all NRCellDU MOs

PDCP
RpUserPlaneLink=internal
pmPdcpVolTransDlQos
Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits)
NRCellDU= [0..48] RLC + RLC Overhead
pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot
pmMacVolDlDrb MAC

)
Unit: bytes

u re
ect
eL
RLC Overhead is between 2 and 6 %

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Counters (4)

∑(pmMacVolDlDrb + pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot + pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst) + MAC Overhead = ∑pmMacVolDl
for all all NRCellDU MOs for all all NRCellDU MOs

NRCellDU= [0..48] RLC

pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot
pmMacVolDlDrb MAC + MAC Overhead

)
Unit: bytes

re
pmMacVolDl

u
Unit: bytes

e ct
eL
MAC Overhead is between 5 and 40 %

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC PDU v SDU

pmMacVolDlDrb
Aggregated volume of DL MAC SDUs transmitted for HARQ initial
transmission for each DRB. HARQ retransmission is excluded. Unit: bytes

R/LCID Fixed-sized R/F/LCID/L Variable-sized R/F/LCID/L

MAC SDU
subheader MAC CE subheader MAC CE subheader

MAC subPDU
including MAC CE 1
MAC subPDU
including MAC CE 2
MAC subPDU including
MAC SDU
... MAC subPDU including MAC subPDU including
MAC SDU padding (opt)

3GPP TS 38.321 V16.6.0 (2021-09)

pmMacVolDl

)
re
Aggregated volume of successfully transmitted DL MAC
PDUs for DRB or SRB using cell as PCell or SCell. Unit: bytes

u
ct
Extra data volume measured by the pmMacVolDl counter will depend on the number of MAC

e
eL
Control Elements (MAC CE) and amount of padding.
The MAC layer also includes the Random Access Response (RAR)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC Control Elements and RAR

)
u re
e ct
eL
t(
MAC Control Elements
3GPP TS 38.321 V16.6.0 (2021-09)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC Cell Throughput KPIs captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)
The ’8’ in this
equations
comes from
converting
Bytes to bits i.e.
there are 8 bits
in a Byte. Unit: 125 usec

B
gNB NOTE: Throughput measurement is aggregated for whole cell
5G NR Cell

MAC

)
KPIs are on

re
pmMacVolDl
NRCellDU level
Unit: bytes

u
Unit: 125 usec

e ct
The ’64’ in these equations comes from converting Bytes to bits and 125 usec to

eL
seconds i.e. there are 8 bits in a byte and 8 x 125 usec in 1 msec so 8 * 8 = 64.
Since the denominator will then be in msec the result will be in kbps

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC Cell Throughput KPIs captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)
Examples (40 MHz BW)

Notes:
‘Average DL MAC Cell Throughput Fixed Time Norm’ considers the
measurement over the entire period, including DL as well as UL slots
time (in case of TDD).
‘Average DL MAC Cell Throughput Considering Actual PDSCH Slots’
considers the time only when DL transmissions are possible, i.e. PDSCH
slots. So in case of TDD, this time is shorter than then the total
measurement period, producing a higher throughput than previous

)
re
KPI.
‘Average DL MAC Cell Throughput Considering Traffic’ considers DL

u
slots where data was transmitted and can be lower than the total DL

ct
slots available during the measurement period. This means a shorter

e
time and higher throughput than previous KPI.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC DRB Traffic Volume

pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst : Unit: Bytes
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlotQos pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot : Unit: Bytes
pmMacVolDlDrbQos

pmMacVolDlDrb : Unit: Bytes

NRCellDU= [0..48]
RLC
pmMacTimeDlDrb: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Unit: 125 usec pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot
pmMacTimeDlDrbQos pmMacVolDlDrb MAC
Unit: bytes

)
re
Time (ms)

u
New packet arrives First packet New packet arrives First packet

ct
to empty buffer scheduled to empty buffer scheduled
DL MAC SDUs transmitted for HARQ initial transmission for each DRB HARQ retransmission

e
eL
DL MAC SDUs transmitted for HARQ initial transmission in last slot of burst when buffer is emptied for each DRB

t(
Downlink MAC SDUs for single-burst cases that are transmitted for HARQ initial transmission for each DRB.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC DRB Traffic Volume Example

)
re
Restricted by air interface (pmMacVolDlDrb) => multiple downlink grants were required to transmit all the data.

u
(large amount of data) Can be used to measure radio channel bandwidth

e ct
Unrestricted by air interface (pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot or pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst)=> transmitted with a

eL
single downlink grant (small amount of data)

t(
Cannot be used to measure radio channel bandwidth

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink MAC DRB Throughput KPIs captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)

Unit: 125 usec Unit: 125 usec

KPIs are on NRCellDU level

B
gNB NOTE: Throughput measurement is aggregated for whole cell
5G NR Cell

NRCellDU= [0..48]
RLC
pmMacVolDlDrbSingleBurst

)
re
pmMacVolDlDrbLastSlot
The ’64’ in these equations comes from converting Bytes to bits and 125 usec to pmMacVolDlDrb

u
MAC

ct
seconds i.e. there are 8 bits in a byte and 8 x 125 usec in 1 msec so 8 * 8 = 64. Unit: bytes
Since the denominator will then be in msec the result will be in kbps

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 1
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the highest Average DL MAC DRB Throughput:

pmMacVolDlDrb
KPI: 64 X kbps
pmMacTimeDlDrb

EPC

)
B B

u re
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 2
Calculate the 5G NR SA Average DL MAC DRB Throughput for all 5QI values:

)
gNB

re
u
5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Measurement in eNodeB

The last TTI with data is removed since coding
Traffic Volume Measured by: may be based on size rather than radio conditions
pmPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTI_Endcxxx and hence does not impact the end user.

Traffic Volume Measured by: eNodeB (MN)

pmPdcpVolDlDrb _Endcxxx EutranCellFDD/TDD= [0..24]
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99
DL Transport Time measured by:
Unit: kilobit (1 000 bits)
pmUeThpTimeDl_Endcxxx

RLC

)
Data arrives to First data is Time (ms)

re
empty DL buffer transmitted to the UE
MAC

u
No transmission, buffer not empty Failed transmission

ct
(e.g. due to contention) (Block Error)

e
eL
Successful transmission by RLC, Successful transmission by RLC,
buffer not empty buffer empty

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink Traffic Volume Counters in eNodeB

ManagedElement
+- ENodeBFunction
+- EUtranCellFDD/TDD
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb
Total volume (PDCP SDU) that has been transferred (UM and AM) on DRBs in DL. When CA is used, PDCP SDU can be sent
over multiple cells (PCell/SCell(s)). Total volume is measured on PCell. Unit: kilobit (1000 bits)
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTI
Total DL PDCP SDU volume that is transmitted in the last TTI when buffer for DRB is emptied.
When CA is used, PDCP SDU can be sent over multiple cells (PCell/SCell(s)). Total DL PDCP SDU volume is measured on
PCell. Unit: kilobit (1000 bits)
pmFlexUeThpTimeDl
Effective DL transport time comprising those periods from when the first part of PDCP SDU of DL buffer was transmitted on
Uu until buffer is emptied, excluding TTI emptying buffer. When CA is used, PDCP SDU can be sent over multiple cells
(PCell/SCell(s)). Effective DL transport time is registered on PCell. Unit: ms EPC
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbCa
Filtered volume (PDCP SDU) that has been transferred (UM and AM) on DRB of CA UE in DL. Unit: kilobit (1000 bits)
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTIUeCa

)
B B

re
Filtered volume (PDCP SDU) that has been transferred on DRB of CA UE in DL in the last TTI when buffer is emptied. Unit:
kilobit (1000 bits)

u
pmFlexUeThpTimeDlCa
eNB gNB

ct
Filtered effective DL transport time of CA UE comprising those periods from when the first part of PDCP SDU of DL buffer
was transmitted on Uu until buffer is emptied, excluding TTI emptying buffer. This is used for PDCP timebase. Unit: ms LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
pmFlexDrbThpTimeDl

eL
DL transmission time used for DL DRB throughput. Comprises time periods from first piece of data in data burst transmitted
until second last piece of data in data burst transmitted. When Carrier Aggregation is used, DL transmission time is

t(
registered on PCell. Unit: ms

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Average DL PDCP UE Throughput Captured in

eNodeB (EN-DC) Filt
er
EN-DC Stage

Measures average DL PDCP throughput for MCG radio resources monitored 0

(ENDC_NR_CAPABLE)
The UE is confirmed to be capable of EN-DC
for E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) UEs.
To monitor EN-DC stage (ENDC_NR_MATCHED)
1 B1 measurements for EN-DC are configured
This KPI measures impact on end user. 1 and 2 is recommended in the UE
(ENDC_NR_ACTIVE)
2
ENDC is active for the UE
The last TTI with data is removed since coding may be based on size rather
(ENDC_UE_RELEASED)
than radio conditions and hence does not impact the end user. 99
UE is released
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endcxxx - pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTI_Endcxxx EUtranCellFDD/
EUtranCellTDD
DLPDCPSUB level EPC
Differentiated Average DL PDCP UE Throughput = kbps
for LTE Leg Captured in eNodeB (pmFlexUeThpTimeDl_Endcxxxx/1000)

)
re
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbCa_Endcxxx - pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTICa_Endcxxx
B B

u
ct
CADLPDCPSUB eNB gNB
Differentiated Average DL PDCP UE Throughput = kbps

e
(pmFlexUeThpTimeDl_Endcxxxx/1000) LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
for LTE Leg using Carrier Aggregation
Captured in eNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 3
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the highest Differentiated Average DL PDCP UE
Throughput for LTE Leg

KPI:pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb2_Endc2To99
KPI:
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrb_Endc2To99–-pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTIUe2_Endc2To99
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTIUe_Endc2To99
pmFlexPdcpVolDlDrbLastTTIUe_Endc2To99
kbps
(pmFlexUeThpTimeDl_Endc2To99/1000)
(pmFlexUeThpTimeDl_Endc2To99/1000)

EPC

)
B B

ure
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink User Plane Switching Parameters (EN-DC)

MN Terminated SN Terminated
1) B1 report triggers split bearer MCG Bearer Split Bearer
setup.
LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
Initially use SCG resources
PDCP PDCP PDCP PDCP
regardless of SINR.
RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC
UE begins measuring NR DL SINR MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC
(CQI). L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1

MCG SCG MCG SCG

2) Poor SINR. resources resources resources resources
Switch from SCG to MCG resources. endcDlNrRetProhibTimer (default = 400 msec)
NR DL 1
SINR 4

)
3) Good SINR but prohibit timer

re
not expired. Do not switch to
3

u
SCG resources. endcDlNrQualHyst (default = 5 dB)

ct
2

e
4) Good SINR and timer expired. endcDlNrLowQualThresh (default = 5 dB)

eL
Switch from MCG to SCG
resources. Time

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink User Plane Switching Counters (EN-DC)

GNBCUUPFunction

pmPdcpRadioResSwitchDlMcg PDCP

Number of times DL PDCP makes a switch to use MCG radio

resource based on measurements from UE.
Stepped when DL PDCP switches to MCG radio resource. LTE NR

Switch from SCG to

MCG cellgroup

PDCP

)
pmPdcpRadioResSwitchDlScg

re
Number of times DL PDCP switches to use SCG radio resource

u
ct
based on measurements from UE.

e
Stepped when DL PDCP switches to SCG radio resource. LTE NR

eL
Switch from MCG to

t(
SCG cellgroup

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink Throughput in NSA

ManagedElement
GNBDUFunction
NRCellDU
endcDlLegSwitchEnabled = true/false
endcDlNrLowQualThresh = 5 { -40..40 } [dB]
endcDlNrQualHyst = 5 { 0..60 } [dB]
endcUlLegSwitchEnabled = false/true NOTE: With default
endcUlNrLowQualThresh = 17 { -40..145 } [dB] settings uplink data is
carried by MCG (LTE)

)
gNodeB (SN) endcUlNrQualHyst = 6 { 1..60 } [dB]

u re
GNBCUCPFunction

ct
QciProfileEndcConfigExt

e
eL
initialUplinkConf = MCG/SCG

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink MAC Cell Throughput KPIs captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)

B Unit: 125 usec

The ’8’ in this equation comes from gNB
converting Bytes to bits i.e. there are 5G NR Cell
8 bits in a Byte.
NOTE: Throughput measurement is
aggregated for whole cell
KPIs are on NRCellDU level

)
re
The ’64’ in these equations comes from

u
converting Bytes to bits and 125 usec to

ct
seconds i.e. there are 8 bits in a byte and 8 x
125 usec in 1 msec so 8 * 8 = 64.

e
eL
Since the denominator will then be in msec the
result will be in kbps

t(
Unit: 125 usec

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink MAC Cell Throughput KPIs captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)
Examples

Notes:
‘Average UL MAC Cell Throughput Fixed Time Norm’ considers
the measurement over the entire period, including DL as well as
UL slots time (in case of TDD).
‘Average UL MAC Cell Throughput Considering Actual PUSCH
Slots’ considers all PUSCH slots whether decoded, not decoded,
or unused. So in case of TDD, this time is shorter than then the

)
total measurement period, producing a higher throughput than

re
previous KPI.

u
‘Average UL MAC Cell Throughput Considering Successful’.

ct
Considers only slots where PUSCH can be decoded for any UE,

e
that is slots where no traffic is taking place are excluded. This

eL
means a shorter time and higher throughput than previous KPI.
This cell shows low values since uplink user data is carried by

t(
LTE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average UL MAC UE Throughput (SA and NSA)

Restricted by air interface => multiple uplink grants were required to transmit all the data. (large amount of data)
Can be used to measure radio channel bandwidth

Unrestricted by air interface (pmMacVolUlUnresUe)=> transmitted with a single uplink grant (small amount of data)
Cannot be used to measure radio channel bandwidth

Data volume in MAC SDUs successfully received in UL as part of B

a burst while being restricted by air interface, excluding data gNB
volume received in last slot in burst. Unit: byte
5G NR Cell

pmMacVolUlResUe
Average UL MAC UE Throughput = 64 X kbps
pmMacTimeUlResUe
(Captured in gNodeB)
KPI is

)
re
Transfer time of restricted UL data volume. Unit: 125 us on NRCellDU level

u
ct
NOTE: Throughput measurement is aggregated for whole cell

e
The ’64’ in this equation comes from converting Bytes to bits and 125 usec to seconds

eL
i.e. there are 8 bits in a byte and 8 125 usec in 1 sec so 8 * 8 = 64.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink MAC Cell Throughput Counters

NOTE: Throughput ManagedElement
measurement is +- GNBDUFunction
aggregated for whole cell +-NRCellDU
pmMacVolUl
Data volume in MAC SDUs successfully received in UL. Unit: byte
pmPuschSchedActivity
Total duration of slots where at least one MAC SDU is received on PUSCH.
Unit: 125 us
pmPuschAvailTime
Total duration of slots where gNodeB scheduler can schedule on PUSCH. Unit: 125 us

B pmMacVolUlResUe

)
Data volume in MAC SDUs successfully received in UL as part of a burst while being

re
gNB restricted by air interface, excluding data volume received in last slot in burst. Unit: byte

u
pmMacTimeUlResUe

ct
Transfer time of restricted UL data volume. Unit: 125 us
5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 4
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the highest Average UL MAC UE Throughput:

pmMacVolUlResUe
KPI: 64 X kbps
pmMacTimeUlResUe
NOTE: Uplink data is carried
by MCG (LTE) in this cell

EPC

)
B B

ure
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink Traffic Volume Measurement in eNodeB

Traffic Volume Measured by:
pmUeThpVolUl_Endcxxx

UL Transport Time measured by: Contributions

pmUeThpTimeUl_Endcxxx
from the first 4
and last TTI
removed

Data arrives to Grants sent Time (ms)

empty UL buffer to the UE

)
Scheduling request sent to RBS First data sent to RBS Send buffer is empty again

re
Successful EPC
No receptions, buffer not empty (e.g. Failed receptions

u
reception, buffer
due to contention) (Block Error)

ct
empty
EUtranCellFDD/
B B

e
Receptions excluded from throughput
Successful receptions, buffer not empty EUtranCellTDD

eL
measurement
level eNB gNB
(Due to the time difference in the scheduling

t(
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
decision by RBS and the transmission time

en
by the UE)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink Traffic Volume Counters in eNodeB

ManagedElement
+- ENodeBFunction
+- EUtranCellFDD/TDD
pmFlexUeThpVolUlCa
Filtered UL DRB volume used for UL CA UE Throughput. It is comprised of MAC SDU volume received on Uu,
excluding volume received in the first 4 data receptions of UL buffer transfer and TTI emptying UL buffer. Unit:
kilobit (1000 bits)
pmFlexUeThpTimeUl
UL volume transfer time used for UL UE Throughput. It is comprised of time periods from when the 5th MAC SDU EPC
data reception of UL buffer transfer on Uu until buffer is emptied, excluding TTI emptying buffer. Unit: ms
pmFlexUeThpVolUlCa

)
Filtered UL DRB volume used for UL CA UE Throughput. It is comprised of MAC SDU volume received on Uu,

B B

re
excluding volume received in the first 4 data receptions of UL buffer transfer and TTI emptying UL buffer. Unit:
kilobit (1000 bits)

u
pmFlexUeThpTimeUlCa eNB gNB

ct
Filtered UL volume transfer time used for UL CA UE Throughput. It is comprised of time periods from when the 5th
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
MAC SDU data reception of UL buffer transfer on Uu until buffer is emptied, excluding TTI emptying buffer. Unit:

eL
ms

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Average UL PDCP UE Throughput Captured in

eNodeB (EN-DC) Filt
er
EN-DC Stage

Measures average UL PDCP throughput for MCG radio resources monitored 0

(ENDC_NR_CAPABLE)
The UE is confirmed to be capable of EN-DC
for E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) UEs.
To monitor EN-DC stage (ENDC_NR_MATCHED)
1 B1 measurements for EN-DC are configured
This KPI measures impact on end user. 1 and 2 is recommended in the UE
(ENDC_NR_ACTIVE)
2
ENDC is active for the UE
pmFlexUeThpVolUl_Endcxxxx
Differentiated Average UL PDCP UE Throughput = kbps 99 (ENDC_UE_RELEASED)
(pmFlexUeThpTimeUl_Endcxxxx/1000) UE is released
Captured in eNodeB EUtranCellFDD/
EUtranCellTDD
pmFlexUeThpVolUlCa_Endcxxxx level
Differentiated Average UL PDCP UE Throughput = kbps EPC
for Carrier Aggregation Captured in eNodeB (pmFlexUeThpTimeUlCa_Endcxxxx/1000)

)
re
*
pmFlexLcgThpVolUl_Endcxxxx
B B

u
Differentiated Average UL UE LCG Throughput = kbps
*

ct
Captured in eNodeB (pmFlexLcgThpTimeUl_Endcxxxx/1000) eNB gNB

e
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
For UEs in EN-DC stage 2, volume is measured on PDCP PDU level, whereas
for other UEs, measured on PDCP SDU level.

t(
* ENDC filters may not be configured for the ‘pmFlexLcgThpVolUl’ and

en
‘pmFlexLcgThpTimeUl’ for eNodeBs using earlier software releases.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 5
Use the KPI (shown here) to find the ROP with the highest Differentiated Average UL PDCP UE
Throughput Captured in eNodeB

pmFlexUeThpVolUl_Endc2To99
KPI:
KPI: kbps
(pmFlexUeThpTimeUl_Endc2To99/1000)
NOTE: Uplink data is carried
by MCG (LTE) in this cell

EPC

)
B B

u re
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

e
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink User Plane Switching Parameters (EN-DC)

MN Terminated SN Terminated
1) B1 report triggers split bearer MCG Bearer Split Bearer
setup.
LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN) LTE (MN) NR (SN)
Assume initialUplinkConf = SCG
PDCP PDCP PDCP PDCP
in this example.
RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC

gNodeB begins measuring NR UL MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC
SINR. L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1

MCG SCG MCG SCG

2) Poor SINR. resources resources resources resources
Switch from SCG to MCG endcUlNrRetProhibTimer (default = 1000 msec)
resources. 1
NR UL
SINR 4

)
3) Good SINR but prohibit timer not

re
3
expired. Do not switch to SCG

u
resources. endcUlNrQualHyst (default = 6 dB)

ct
2

e
4) Good SINR and timer endcUlNrLowQualThresh (default = 17 dB)

eL
expired. Switch from
MCG to SCG resources. Time

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink User Plane Switching Counters (EN-DC)

GNBCUUPFunction

pmProhibitTimerRefuseUlLegSwitch PDCP
Total number of times endcUlNrRetProhibTimer refuses UL Leg
Switch to NR leg.
Stepped when endcUlNrRetProhibTimer refuses UL Leg Switch LTE NR
to NR leg.
Switch from MCG to

)
SCG cellgroup

u re
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Integrity

)
re
u
5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink Interference
→ 21.Q1 pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDist:
→ 21.Q2
pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDistr 0,139,457290,272646,84684,33072,17023,11251,8475,3359,10791,1112,146,12,0,0 pmRadioRecInterferencePowerDistr
Measured noise and interference power Measured noise and interference power
on PUSCH. Low Interference on PUSCH.
Unit: dBm/PRB Unit: N/A
Ranges: Ranges:
Bin[0]: [..-121] dBm/PRB Bin[0]: [..-130] dBm/PRB
Bin[1]: ]-121..-120] dBm/PRB Bin[1]: ]-130..-128] dBm/PRB
Bin[2]: ]-120..-119] dBm/PRB Bin[2]: ]-128..-126] dBm/PRB
Bin[3]: ]-119..-118] dBm/PRB Bin[3]: ]-126..-124] dBm/PRB
Bin[4]: ]-118..-117] dBm/PRB Bin[4]: ]-124..-122] dBm/PRB
Bin[5]: ]-117..-116] dBm/PRB Bin[5]: ]-122..-121] dBm/PRB
Bin[6]: ]-116..-115] dBm/PRB Bin[6]: ]-121..-120] dBm/PRB
Bin[7]: ]-115..-114] dBm/PRB Bin[7]: ]-120..-119] dBm/PRB
Bin[8]: ]-114..-113] dBm/PRB Bin[8]: ]-119..-118] dBm/PRB
Bin[9]: ]-113..-112] dBm/PRB pmRadioRecInterferencePwrDist: Bin[9]: ]-118..-117] dBm/PRB
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,585400,314600
Bin[10]: ]-112..-108] dBm/PRB Bin[10]: ]-117..-116] dBm/PRB
Bin[11]: ]-108..-104] dBm/PRB Bin[11]: ]-116..-115] dBm/PRB

)
Bin[12]: ]-104..-100] dBm/PRB High Interference Bin[12]: ]-115..-114] dBm/PRB

re
Bin[13]: ]-100..-96] dBm/PRB Bin[13]: ]-114..-113] dBm/PRB

u
Bin[14]: ]-96..-92] dBm/PRB Bin[14]: ]-113..-112] dBm/PRB
Bin[15]: ]-92..] dBm/PRB Bin[15]: ]-112..-108] dBm/PRB

ct
Deprecated: Since 21.Q2. Planned to be Bin[16]: ]-108..-104] dBm/PRB

e
removed. Replaced by NRCellDU:: Bin[17]: ]-104..-100] dBm/PRB

eL
pmRadioRecInterferencePowerDistr. Bin[18]: ]-100..-96] dBm/PRB
Bin[19]: ]-96..-92] dBm/PRB
Bin[20]: ]-92..] dBm/PRB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PUSCH SINR
B
pmRadioSinrPuschDistr (example): gNB pmRadioSinrPuschDistr
2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 80135 17517 2010 Distribution of SINR values
calculated for PUSCH
NRCellDU transmissions. Unit: dB
Ranges:

Bin[0]: <= -5 dB
Bin[1]: ]-5..-2] dB
Bin[2]: ]-2..1] dB
Bin[3]: ]1..4] dB
Bin[4]: ]4..7] dB
Bin[5]: ]7..10] dB
pmRadioSinrPuschDistr (example): Bin[6]: ]10..13] dB
Bin[7]: ]13..16] dB

)
5420,1800,12308,2326,935,145,25,18,9,0,0,0

re
Bin[8]: ]16..19] dB
Bin[9]: ]19..22] dB

u
Bin[10]: ]22..25] dB

ct
Bin[11]: > 25 dB

e
eL
Condition: Each SINR value for
PUSCH transmission yields one

t(
sample in distribution.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 6
Use the PUSCH SINR Counters to fill in the blank in the sentence below:

)
u re
ct
e
eL
52.33 % of the PUSCH transmissions at 10:00 had a SINR greater than 25 dB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PUCCH SINR
B
pmRadioSinrPucchDistr
Distribution of SINR values
calculated for PUCCH.
gNB
pmRadioSinrPucchDistr (example): PDF ranges:
0 6 359 646 244 26 0 0
NRCellDU [0]: SINR <= -15dB
PUCCH SINR Distribution [1]: -15 < SINR <= to -12dB
[2]: -12 < SINR <= -9dB
Low SINR High SINR [3]: -9 < SINR <= -6dB
[4]: -6 < SINR <= -3dB
[5]: -3 < SINR <= to 0dB
[6]: 0 < SINR <= 3dB
[7]: SINR > 3dB
Unit: dB

)
re
Condition: Each SINR value for

u
PUCCH transmission yields one

ct
sample in distribution.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 7
Use the PUCCH SINR Counters to fill in the blank in the sentence below:

)
u re
ct
e
eL
99.4 % of the PUCCH transmissions at 10:00 had a SINR greater than 3 dB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL MAC HARQ Counters

The total number of successful
downlink HARQ transmissions
pmMacHarqDlAckQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam) The total number of occasions when a
using QPSK (or 16QAM / 64QAM
downlink HARQ feedback for a HARQ
/ 256QAM) modulation pmMacHarqDlDtxQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam) transmission using QPSK (or 16QAM /
64QAM / 256QAM) modulation could
The total number of pmMacHarqDlNackQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam) not be detected from a UE.
unsuccessful downlink HARQ
transmissions using QPSK (or pmMacHarqDlFail Number of complete downlink HARQ failures.
16QAM / 64QAM / 256QAM) When HARQ transmission reaches maximum
modulation. number of retransmissions, it is not
retransmitted again and is regarded as
scheduling activity complete HARQ failure.
B
gNB
Data

)
re
NRCellDU

u
ct
pmMacHarqDlAckQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam)
For initial HARQ
pmMacHarqDlDtxQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam)

e
transmissions
pmMacHarqDlNackQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam/256Qam)

eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 8
Use the DL HARQ counters to complete the table below for DL HARQ transmissions at 10:00:

22463 29.58

27571 36.31

21910 28.85

)
re
3989 5.25

u
ct
The RF environment at

e
75933

eL
10:00 is poor as only
5% used 256 QAM.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UL MAC HARQ Counters

Total number of successful HARQ
transmissions in UL using QPSK Total number of occasions of no HARQ
(or 16QAM / 64QAM / 256QAM)
pmMacHarqUlAckQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam) reception in gNodeB UL when UL grant is
modulation meant for HARQ transmission of transport
pmMacHarqUlDtxQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam) block that uses QPSK (or 16QAM / 64QAM /
pmMacHarqUlNackQpsk (or 16Qam/64Qam) 256QAM) modulation, and DTX is
considered the reason for no reception.
Total number of unsuccessful
HARQ transmissions in UL using pmMacHarqUlFail Number of complete uplink HARQ failures.
QPSK (or 16QAM / 64QAM / When HARQ transmission reaches maximum
256QAM) modulation. number of retransmissions, it is not
retransmitted again and is regarded as
scheduling activity with complete HARQ failure.
B
gNB
Data

)
re
NRCellDU

u
ct
pmMacHarqUlAckQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam)
For initial HARQ

e
pmMacHarqUlDtxQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam)
transmissions

eL
pmMacHarqUlNackQpskInit (or 16Qam/64Qam)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

RLC ARQ Counters

The total number of
successful RLC SDU The total number of unsuccessful RLC
transmissions (ACKs) in SDU and RLC SDU segment transmissions
the downlink direction. pmRlcArqDlAck (NACKs) in the downlink direction.

Incremented when a DL pmRlcArqDlNack Incremented when a DL RLC SDU or DL

RLC SDU is ACKed, only RLC SDU segment is NACKed, only
applicable to AM mode applicable to AM mode

B
Data gNB

NRCellDU
Data

)
u re
pmRlcArqUlAck

ct
UL counters

e
pmRlcArqUlNack

eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 9
Use the formula below to check that RLC retransmissions are less than 10%:

pmRlcArqDlNack
Formula:
pmRlcArqDlAck

EPC

All < 10%

)
B B

u re
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Rank Indicator Reports From UE

NRCellDU.pmRadioUeRepCqi64QamRank1Distr (or Rank2Distr / Rank3Distr / Rank4Distr)
UE-reported CQI values use 64QAM as highest modulation order related to rank 1 (or rank 2 / rank 3 / rank 4)
transmissions in a distribution. CQI value corresponds to entry in Table 5.2.2.1-2 in 3GPP 38.124-f70. B
PDF ranges: [0]: CQI = 0 [1]: CQI = 1 [2]: CQI = 2 [3]: CQI = 3 [4]: CQI = 4 [5]: CQI = 5 [6]: CQI = 6 [7]: CQI = 7 gNB
[8]: CQI = 8 [9]: CQI = 9 [10]: CQI = 10 [11]: CQI = 11 [12]: CQI = 12 [13]: CQI = 13 [14]: CQI = 14 [15]: CQI = 15
Unit: N/A

NRCellDU.pmRadioUeRepCqi256QamRank1Distr (or Rank2Distr / Rank3Distr / Rank4Distr)

UE-reported CQI values use 256QAM as highest modulation order related to rank 1 (or rank 2 / rank 3 / rank 4)
transmissions in a distribution. CQI value corresponds to entry in Table 5.2.2.1-3 in 3GPP 38.124-f70.

PDF ranges: [0]: CQI = 0 [1]: CQI = 1 [2]: CQI = 2 [3]: CQI = 3 [4]: CQI = 4 [5]: CQI = 5 [6]: CQI = 6 [7]: CQI = 7
ManagedElement
[8]: CQI = 8 [9]: CQI = 9 [10]: CQI = 10 [11]: CQI = 11 [12]: CQI = 12 [13]: CQI = 13 [14]: CQI = 14 [15]: CQI = 15 +- GNBDUFunction
Unit: N/A

)
+-NRCellDU

re
dl256QamEnabled = true
Used when 256 QAM is activated in cell

u
ct
NRCellDU.pmRadioUeRepRankDistr

e
UE-reported ranks in a distribution.

eL
PDF ranges: [0]: Rank = 1 [1]: Rank = 2 [2]: Rank = 3 [3]: Rank = 4
Unit: N/A

t(
Condition: Stepped if a rank report is received from a UE.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 10
Assuming the gNodeB received 42475 CQI reports at 10:00, what % were for CQI 15 and Rank 4?

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 11
Use the DL MIMO Rank Reported Counters to fill in the blank in the sentence below:

What does this tell you

)
about the Downlink RF

re
environment at 10:00?

u
ct
The RF environment at 10:00 is

e
poor as RANK 4 was reported

eL
DL MIMO RANK 4 was reported by UEs 3.16 % of the time at 10:00. by UEs only 3.16% of the time.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

MCS Table for PDSCH and PUSCH (3GPP TS 38.214)

PUSCH PDSCH (Assuming 256QAM is enables)

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eL
Used for Used for

t(
retransmission retransmission

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Modulation Code Scheme (MCS) Distribution Counters

pmRadioPdschTable1McsDistr
B pmRadioPdschTable2McsDistr
Distribution of MCS used for PDSCH transmissions where
MCS index table 2 is applied and UE instances are
Maximum modulation: gNB enabled with up to 256-QAM.
pmRadioPuschTable1McsDistr 64QAM For more information, see 3GPP TS 38.214, Table
5.1.3.1-2. Each bin represents a specific MCS.

pmRadioPdschTable2McsDistr
Maximum modulation: NRCellDU For more information, see 3GPP TS 38.214, Table
256QAM 5.1.3.1-1. Each bin represents a specific MCS. Ranges:
Bin[0]: MCS = 0
600000 Bin[1]: MCS = 1
Bin[2]: MCS = 2
500000 .
400000 .
pmRadioPdschTable1McsDistr: 16601, 424, 339, 365, 336, 459, 363,
.
300000 Bin[29]: MCS = 29

)
391, 563, 566, 55, 441, 659, 2212, 4929, 17933, 26765, 6029, 24249,

re
200000 22419, 23727, 41659, 21836, 16251, 15846, 34893, 14904, 66016, Bin[30]: MCS = 30
549012, 3503, 14429, 84800 Bin[31]: MCS = 31

u
ct
100000 Condition: Bin that corresponds to MCS used for PDSCH
transmissions is incremented.

e
0

eL
Counter type: CC/SUM
MCS = 0
MCS = 1
MCS = 2
MCS = 3
MCS = 4
MCS = 5
MCS = 6
MCS = 7
MCS = 8
MCS = 9
MCS = 10
MCS = 11
MCS = 12
MCS = 13
MCS = 14
MCS = 15
MCS = 16
MCS = 17
MCS = 18
MCS = 19
MCS = 20
MCS = 21
MCS = 22
MCS = 23
MCS = 24
MCS = 25
MCS = 26
MCS = 27
MCS = 28
MCS = 29
MCS = 30
MCS = 31
Counter is reset after measurement period: Yes

t(
Counter category:
Type: PI, Area: Utilization, Scenario: PDSCH Resources

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 12
Use the PDSCH MCS Table 2 Counters to fill in the blank in the sentence below:

)
re
What does this tell you The RF environment at

u
ct
about the Downlink RF 10:00 is poor as only

e
environment at 10:00? 6.7% used 256 QAM.

eL
6.7 % of the PDSCH transmissions at 10:00 used MCS 20 or greater (excluding retransmissions MCS 28-31)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

MIMO Layers Used by gNodeB

NRCellDU.pmMacRBSymUsedPdschMimoLayerDistr NRCellDU.pmMacRBSymUsedPuschMimoLayerDistr
Distribution of aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PDSCH by Distribution of aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PUSCH by
different number of coscheduled layers as a result of SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO. different number of coscheduled layers as a result of SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO.

Ranges Ranges

Bin[0]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 1 layer. Bin[0]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 1 layer.
Bin[1]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 2 layers. Bin[1]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 2 layers.
... ...
Bin[14]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 15 layers. Bin[6]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 7 layers.
Bin[15]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 16 layers. Bin[7]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 8 layers.

Unit: N/A Unit: N/A

Condition: Stepped based on total number of coscheduled layers in resource block Condition: Stepped based on total number of coscheduled layers in resource block
symbols when scheduling is completed and includes all transmissions applicable to symbols when scheduling is completed and includes all transmissions applicable to
DTCH on PDSCH. DMRS and PTRS embedded in resources are included. DTCH on PUSCH. DMRS and PTRS embedded in resources are included.

)
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B

u
ct
gNB

e
eL
NRCellDU

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 13
Use the DL MIMO Rank Used Counters to fill in the blank in the sentence below:

What does this tell you about

)
re
the Downlink RF environment
at 10:00?

u
ct
The
WhatRFdoes
environment
this tell you
at 10:00
aboutis

e
eL
poor
the Downlink
as RANK 4RF was
environment
used by the
DL MIMO RANK 4 was used by the gNodeB 4.45 % of the time at 10:00. gNodeB
at 10:00?only 4.45% of the time.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

MU-MIMO Counters
NRCellDU.pmMacRBSymUsedPdschMimoUserDistr NRCellDU.pmMacRBSymUsedPuschMimoUserDistr
Distribution of aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PDSCH by Distribution of aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PUSCH by
different number of users as a result of SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO. different number of user as a result of SU-MIMO or MU-MIMO.

Ranges Ranges

Bin[0]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 1 user. Bin[0]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 1 user.
Bin[1]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 2 users. Bin[1]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 2 users
... ...
Bin[14]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 15 users. Bin[6]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 7 users.
Bin[15]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 16 users. Bin[7]: Number of resource block symbols scheduled with 8 users.

Unit: N/A Unit: N/A

Condition: Stepped based on total number of coscheduled users in resource block Condition: Stepped based on total number of coscheduled users in resource block
symbols when scheduling is completed and includes all transmissions applicable to symbols when scheduling is completed and includes all transmissions applicable to
DTCH on PDSCH. DMRS and PTRS embedded in resources are included. DTCH on PUSCH. DMRS and PTRS embedded in resources are included.

)
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B

u
ct
gNB

e
eL
NRCellDU

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 14
Use the PDSCH MU MIMO counters shown below to find the ROP with highest resource block symbols
used for PDSCH with 4 users

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Integrity

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G NR Integrity

Latency Time for scheduling first packet on air interface, determined from time
packet was received in RBS. Generic bearer Uplink latency cannot be
directly measured in the NR RAN.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Connected Mode DRX

Reduces battery consumption in the UE.

Connected Mode DRX enabled with ‘drxEnable’ default = true

Configured with ‘drxOnDurationTimer’ parameter (e.g. 10 msec) drx-onDurationTimer milliSeconds : ms10,

)
re
Configured with ‘drxInactivityTimer’ parameter (e.g. 100 msec) drx-InactivityTimer ms100,

u
ct
DRX cycle length configured with ‘drxLongCycle’ parameter (e.g. 160 msec) drx-LongCycleStartOffset ms160 : 44,

e
offset configured by the gNodeB to ensure spreading the On Duration

eL
periods of different devices in time (e.g. 44 msec) RRC Reconfiguration

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Connected Mode DRX Parameters

ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellDU
drxEnable = true/false
Whether DRX function in cell is enabled.

drxInactivityTimer = 15 (INACTIVITYTIMER_100MS)
Duration after PDCCH ocassion in which PDCCH indicates
new UL or DL transmission.

B drxLongCycle = 10 (LONGCYCLE_160MS)

)
re
Duration of one complete DRX cycle.
gNodeB

u
ct
drxOnDurationTimer = 39 (ONDURATIONTIMER_10MS)

e
Number of consecutive slots or subframes at beginning of a

eL
DRX cycle.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Connected Mode DRX Engineering Guidelines

)
u re
ect
eL
CPI (NR RAN 21.Q2.3)
–Product Overview

t(
–Features and Capabilities
–Radio Access

en
–Connected Mode DRX

ag 21
–Engineering Guidelines

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL MAC Latency Counters (DRX and noDRX)

New data arrived in gNodeB
pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncQos First packet transmitted
UE monitoring PDCCH

New data arrived in gNodeB

‘Sync’ means that the
pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncQos First packet transmitted UE is in RRC Active

)
state i.e. does not

re
UE monitoring PDCCH
have to be paged.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Latency Counters (SA and NSA)

Note: These are compressed PDF ManagedElement
counters i.e. format is x, y, z +- GNBDUFunction
Where: +- NRCellDU
x = number of QCI / 5qi with values pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncQos
y = QCI / 5qi value Aggregated time for downlink MAC latency measurement for each QoS
z = number of hits in ROP without DRX impact and out-of-sync impact. DL MAC latency measures MAC
e.g. 1,9,12 = 12 hits for QCI / 5Qi 9 scheduling latency between receipt of packet in an empty DL buffer and
transmission of first packet. Unit: 125 us
pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncQos
Aggregated time for downlink MAC latency measurement for each QoS with
DRX impact but without out-of-sync impact. DL MAC latency measures MAC
B scheduling latency between receipt of packet in empty DL buffer and
transmission of first packet. Unit: 125 us

)
gNB

re
pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncSampQoS

u
Aggregated number of samples for downlink MAC latency measurements for
5G NR Cell

ct
each QoS without DRX and out-of-sync impact.
pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncSampQos

e
eL
Aggregated number of samples for downlink MAC latency measurements for
each QoS with DRX impact but without out-of-sync impact.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average DL MAC DRB Latency per QoS Covering non-DRX in-

Sync (SA and NSA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower
NOTE: This is RAN
latency i.e. waiting
time in gNodeB only

Average DL MAC DRB Latency per QoS 1 pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncQos

Covering non-DRX in-Sync [msec] = x
(Captured in gNodeB) 8 pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncSampQos

The ‘8’ is used to convert the 125 usec to msec

)
B

re
gNB

u
Includes downlink MAC latency measurements for each QoS

ct
5G NR Cell
without DRX impact and out-of-sync impact.

e
eL
KPI is on
NRCellDU level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average DL MAC DRB Latency per QoS Covering DRX in-Sync

(SA and NSA)
– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower
NOTE: This is RAN
latency i.e. waiting
time in gNodeB only
Average DL MAC DRB Latency per QoS 1 pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncQos
Covering DRX in-Sync[msec] = x
(Captured in gNodeB) 8 pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncSampQos

The ‘8’ is used to convert the 125 usec to msec

)
re
gNB
Includes downlink MAC latency measurement for each QoS

u
5G NR Cell

ct
with DRX impact but without out-of-sync impact.

e
KPI is on

eL
NRCellDU level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average Overall DL Latency in gNodeB (SA and NSA)

– Metric shows higher benefit when metric value is lower
NOTE: This is RAN
latency i.e. waiting
time in gNodeB only

Average Overall DL 1 pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncQos + pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncQos

Latency [msec]= x
(Captured in gNodeB) 8 pmMacLatTimeDlNoDrxSyncSampQoS + pmMacLatTimeDlDrxSyncSampQos

The ‘8’ is used to convert the 125 usec to msec B

)
gNB

re
5G NR Cell

u
ct
KPI is on

e
NRCellDU level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 15
Use the DL MAC Latency counters to create the three latency KPIs shown below:

= = =

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 16
Complete the DRX parameter setting for the cell in exercise 15:

ManagedElement 1 (LONGCYCLE_10MS)
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellDU= Cell_1
5 (LONGCYCLE_60MS)
drxEnable = true

drxInactivityTimer = 15 (INACTIVITYTIMER_100MS) 10 (LONGCYCLE_160MS)

B
drxLongCycle = 12 (LONGCYCLE_320MS)

)
re
gNodeB

u
drxOnDurationTimer = 39 (ONDURATIONTIMER_10MS)

ct
20 (LONGCYCLE_1024MS)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G NR Integrity

Packet Loss Packet Loss Rate can be broken down into following types:
– Rate of congestion-related packet losses (for example, packets that

)
re
get dropped because of active queue management functionality).
X

u
ct
– Rate of non-congestion related packet losses (packets lost in

e
transmission, for example, discarded by some link layer receiver because of

eL
CRC failure).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL Packet Loss Captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)

Downlink packet loss, excluding AQM discards on RLC level.
‘RpUserPlaneLink’ level
DL Packet Loss % = 100 x
pmPdcpPktTransDlDiscQos - pmPdcpPktTransDlDiscAqmQos B ManagedElement
GNBCUUPFunction
(Common for NSA and SA) pmPdcpPktTransDlQos RpUserPlaneTermination
gNodeB RpUserPlaneLink
From NR 20.Q4 the ‘pmPdcpPktLossUl5qi’ the ‘RpUserPlaneLink’ MO was replaced with ‘pmPdcpPktLossUlQos’.
So packet drop measurements on 5G nodes running software older than 20.Q4 will use the ‘pmPdcpPktLossUl5qi’ counter.

‘S1ULink’ level
DL Packet Loss % = 100 x
pmPdcpPktRecDlDisc5qi - pmPdcpPktRecDlDiscAqm5qi B ManagedElement
GNBCUUPFunction
pmPdcpPktRecDl5qi S1UTermination
(NSA)
gNodeB S1ULink

)
u re
B ManagedElement

ct
‘EP_NgU’ level
pmPdcpPktRecDlDisc5qi - pmPdcpPktRecDlDiscAqm5qi GNBCUUPFunction

e
DL Packet Loss % = 100 x
EP_NgU

eL
(SA) pmPdcpPktRecDl5qi
gNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL Packet Loss Counters

Note: These are compressed PDF
counters i.e. format is x, y, z
Where: ManagedElement
x = number of QCI / 5qi with values +- GNBCUUPFunction
y = QCI / 5qi value +- RpUserPlaneTermination
z = number of hits in ROP +- RpUserPlaneLink
e.g. 1,9,12 = 12 hits for QCI / 5Qi 9
pmPdcpPktTransDlDiscQos
EPC Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) discarded
or lost for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) in
radio processing user plane in DL.

B B
pmPdcpPktTransDlDiscAqmQos
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) discarded
eNB gNB due to AQM for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI)

)
in radio processing user plane in DL.

re
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell pmPdcpPktTransDlQos

u
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs)

ct
transmitted for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI)in

e
radio processing user plane in DL.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 17
Use the DL Packet Loss counters to calculate the DL Packet Loss in gNodeB KPI:

B ManagedElement
GNBCUUPFunction
S1UTermination
gNodeB S1ULink

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Active Queue Management AQM mode 0

No AQM is used. Packets are discarded if the maximum
ManagedElement number of packets is reached for each radio bearer in a
GNBCUUPFunction gNodeB. Packets are also discarded if they become older
CUUP5qiTable than 1 second.
CUUP5qi
AQM mode 1
aqmMode = 0, 1 or 2
Recommended for non-GBR DRBs.
0: OFF (Turned off)
The minimum and maximum age of packets is calculated by
1: MODE1 (Non-GBR)
using the CUUP5qi.estimatedE2ERTT attribute in the
2: MODE2 (GBR)
following way:
estimatedE2ERTT = 50 { 0..1023 }
Minimum age = 2 × CUUP5qi.estimatedE2ERTT
Estimated end-to-end Round-Trip Time (RTT).
Maximum age = 10 × CUUP5qi.estimatedE2ERTT
Following values are recommended:
A single packet is discarded when it becomes older than the
* 0 if profile5qi is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 65, 66, 67, 69, 82, 83, 84 or 85.
minimum age threshold.
B * 50 if profile5qi is 6, 7, 8, 9, 70, 79 or 80.
A prohibit time of 4 × CUUP5qi.estimatedE2ERTT is present

)
Unit: 1 ms

re
between discarding single packets.
gNodeB packetDelayBudget = 280 { 0..1023 }
All packets that are older than the maximum age threshold

u
The gNodeB contribution to PDB on 5QI.
are discarded.

ct
Unit: 1 ms

e
packetDelayBudgetOffset = 0 { 0..1023 }
AQM mode 2

eL
Offset added to PDB.
Recommended for GBR bearers.
Unit: 1 ms
Packets older than the sum of ‘packetDelayBudget’ and

t(
‘packetDelayBudgetOffset’ are discarded.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UL Packet Loss Captured in gNodeB (SA and NSA)

UL packet loss is monitored for both NR SA and EN-DC UEs.
pmPdcpPktLossUlQos - pmPdcpPktRecUlOooQos

‘RpUserPlaneLink’ level PDCPPKTLOSS

B ManagedElement
GNBCUUPFunction
UL Packet Loss %= 100X RpUserPlaneTermination
(Captured in gNodeB) PDCPPKTEXPECT gNodeB RpUserPlaneLink

pmPdcpPktRecUlQos + pmPdcpPktLossUlToQos -
(pmPdcpPktLossUlToDiscQos - pmPdcpPktRecUlOooQos)

pmPdcpPktLossUlQos
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) lost or discarded for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) in radio processing user plane in UL.

)
pmPdcpPktRecUlQos

re
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) received for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) in radio processing user plane in UL.
pmPdcpPktLossUlToDiscQos

u
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) discarded due to late arrival for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) in radio processing user plane in UL.

ct
pmPdcpPktLossUlToQos

e
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) lost or discarded due to late receival for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) in radio processing user plane in UL.

eL
pmPdcpPktRecUlOooQos
Total number of packets (PDCP PDUs) received in radio processing user plane in uplink that are transferred to S1U or NGU with PDCP sequence

t(
number that is out of order. Counted for each QoS indicator (5QI or QCI) separately.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 4 Exercise 18
Use the UL Packet Loss counters to calculate the UL Packet Loss in gNodeB KPI:

B ManagedElement
GNBCUUPFunction
RpUserPlaneTermination
gNodeB RpUserPlaneLink

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Mobility

)
re
u
5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Mobility
NR Cell A NR Cell B

LTE Cell A LTE Cell B

UE mobility

Data Bearer B1 report NR Event A3 LTE Event A3 B1 report NR Radio Link

Setup or A5 Failure or NR
LTE Cell A SN Addition PSCell SN Addition Event A2

)
NR Cell A Change SN Release NR Cell B

re
Configure B1 NR Cell B
SN

u
Release
Legacy LTE

ct
*NOTE: If the NR Cell B is configured as a PSCell in both LTE Cell A and B NR NR Cell B
HO Cell A to B
cell B will not be reaseased.

e
The procedure happens without the need for a B1 measurement, and the Configure B1
Configure B1

eL
PDCP context is retained in the SN throughout the procedure. This requires
that the involved eNodeB(s) and gNodeB have the required SW level and the

t(
that LTE handover can be completed over X2 (not S1).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Intra-sgNodeB PSCell Change Success Rate Captured in gNodeB

(EN-DC)
Success rate of intra-sgNodeB Primary Secondary Cell
(PSCell) change in sgNodeB for EN-DC UE connections

EPC
EN-DC Intra-sgNodeB PSCell pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccIntraSgnb
Change Success Rate = 100 X
(Captured in gNodeB) [%] pmEndcPSCellChangeAttIntraSgnb
B B
eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

)
re
KPI is on
NRCellCU level

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Intra-sgNB PSCell Change NR Cell A NR Cell B

LTE Cell A LTE Cell B

UE mobility

SgNB
UE MeNB (CU-CP) MME
SGNB Addition
UL/DL user-data in source PSCell

RRC:
ULInformationTransfer X2AP: RRC TRANSFER
Event A3 (NR) - ul-DCCH-MessageNR
Handover Decision
X2AP:
RRC: SGNB MODIFICATION REQUIRED (CGConfig)

)
RRCConnectionReconfiguration

re
- Mobility Control Info
RRC:
NRCellCU. pmEndcPSCellChangeAttIntraSgnb +

u
RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete X2AP:SGNB MODIFICATION CONFIRM

ct
NRCellCU.pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccIntraSgnb +
NR Random Access in target PSCell

e
eL
UL/DL user-data in target PSCell

NOTE: pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccIntraSgnb is incremented BEFORE NR Random access in the target PSCell.

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 199

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Inter-sgNodeB PSCell Change Success Rate Captured in gNodeB

(EN-DC)
Success rate of inter-sgNodeB Primary Secondary Cell
(PSCell) change in source sgNodeB for EN-DC UE
connections.

EPC
EN-DC Inter-sgNodeB PSCell pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccInterSgnb
Change Success Rate = 100 X
(Captured in gNodeB) [%] pmEndcPSCellChangeAttInterSgnb
B B
eNB gNB
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

)
re
KPI is on
NRCellCU level

u
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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 200

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EN-DC Inter-sgNodeB PSCell NR Cell A NR Cell B

Change LTE Cell A LTE Cell B

UE mobility

Source SgNB Target SgNB

UE MeNB (CU-CP) (CU-CP) MME
UL/DL user-data in source PSCell

RRC:
ULInformationTransfer X2AP: RRC TRANSFER
Event A3 (NR) - ul-DCCH-MessageNR
Evaluate A3 MR
NOTE: X2AP: SGNB CHANGE REQUIRED
(CGConfig, Target SgNB ID Info)
pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccInterSgnb
NRCellCU.pmEndcPSCellChangeAttInterSgnb +
is incremented BEFORE NR Random

)
access in the target PSCell. X2AP: SGNB ADDITION REQUEST (SN Change, CGConfigInfo)

re
X2AP: SGNB ADDITION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE (CGConfig)

u
RRC: RRCConnectionReconfiguration

ct
RRC: X2AP: SGNB CHANGE CONFIRM
RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete

e
NR Random Access in target PSCell
NRCellCU.pmEndcPSCellChangeSuccInterSgnb +

eL
UL/DL user-data in target PSCell X2AP: SGNB RECONFIGURATION COMPLETE

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 201

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 1
Were there any Intra-sgNodeB or Inter-sgNodeB PSCell Changes performed between 9:00 and 13:00?

EPC

)
B B

ure
eNB gNB

ct
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Cell Relation Counters

ManagedElement ManagedElement
ENodeBFunction GNBCUCPFunction
EUtranCellFDD/TDD NRCellCU
EUtranFreqRelation NRCellRelation [0..512]

B B
EUtranCellRelation [0..128] No counters
pmHoPrepSuccLteIntraF
pmHoPrepSuccLteInterF
pmHoPrepSucc
pmHoPrepSucc1xRttSrvcc
eNB gNB
pmHoPrepAttLteIntraF
pmHoPrepAttLteInterF
pmHoPrepAtt
pmHoPrepAtt1xRttSrvcc
pmHoPrepRejInUlThres

)
pmHoExeSuccLteIntraF

re
pmHoExeSuccLteInterF

u
pmHoExeSucc

ct
pmHoExeAttLteIntraF
MO instances for NR Cell relations and

e
pmHoExeAttLteInterF
counters for those releations will be

eL
pmHoExeAtt
included as EBS counters in ENM 22.Q1.

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 203

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Cell Mobility Success Rate in LTE (EN-DC)

Filt
pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccLteIntraF_Filter pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteIntraF_Filter EN-DC Stage
er
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccLteInterF_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteInterF_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccGeran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccGeran_Filter (ENDC_NR_CAPABLE)
0
+ pmFlexCelHoPrepSuccUtran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccUtran_Filter The UE is confirmed to be capable of EN-DC
- pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccNonMobLte_Filter - pmFlexCellHoExeSuccNonMobLte_Filter (ENDC_NR_MATCHED)
- pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccNonMobIrat_Filter - pmFlexCellHoExeSuccNonMobIrat_Filter 1 B1 measurements for EN-DC are configured
in the UE
Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and split 2
(ENDC_NR_ACTIVE)
ENDC is active for the UE
bearer are configured) may be used.
(ENDC_UE_RELEASED)
99
Differentiated UE is released
DiffCellMobPrepSucc DiffCellMobExeSucc
Mobility SR = 100 X X EUtranCellFDD/
DiffCellMobPrepAtt DiffCellMobExeAtt
(Captured in eNodeB) EUtranCellTDD
[%] Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and split level EPC
bearer are configured) may be used.

)
re
pmFlexCellHoPrepAttLteIntraF_Filter pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteIntraF_Filter
B B

u
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttLteInterF_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteInterF_Filter

ct
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttGeran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttGeran_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttUtran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttUtran_Filter eNB gNB

e
- pmFlexCellHoPrepAttNonMobLte_Filter - pmFlexCellHoExeAttNonMobLte_Filter
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
- pmFlexCellHoPrepAttNonMobIrat_Filter - pmFlexCellHoExeAttNonMobIrat_Filter

t(
Measures cell mobility performance in LTE. Only handovers triggered by bad coverage are included.
i.e. non-mobility reasons (e.g. load balancing) are subtracted.

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 204

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 2
Use the Mobility Counters to calculate the Differentiated Cell Mobility Success Rate in LTE :

EPC

)
u re
B B

ct
eNB gNB

e
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 205

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Cell Handover Success Rate in LTE (EN-DC)

pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccLteIntraF_Filter pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteIntraF_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccLteInterF_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteInterF_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccGeran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccGeran_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepSuccUtran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeSuccUtran_Filter

Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and EPC

split bearer are configured) may be used.
Differentiated DiffCellHoPrepSucc DiffCellHoExeSucc
Cell Handover SR =100 X
(Captured in eNodeB) DiffCellHoPrepAtt
X
DiffCellHoExeAtt B B
[%] eNB gNB
Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
split bearer are configured) may be used.

)
re
KPI is on
pmFlexCellHoPrepAttLteIntraF_Filter pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteIntraF_Filter

u
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttLteInterF_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteInterF_Filter
EUtranCellFDD

ct
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttGeran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttGeran_Filter /EUtranCellTDD level
+ pmFlexCellHoPrepAttUtran_Filter + pmFlexCellHoExeAttUtran_Filter

e
eL
Measures cell handover performance in LTE. This implies that also handovers triggered by non-mobility reasons are

t(
included. (non-mobility reasons are NOT subtracted)

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 206

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 3
Use the Mobility Counters to calculate the Differentiated Cell Handover Success Rate in LTE :

EPC

)
u re
B B

ct
eNB gNB

e
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 207

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Differentiated Cell Handover Execution Success Rate in LTE (EN-DC)

pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteIntraF_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoExeSuccLteInterF_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoExeSuccGeran_Filter
+ pmFlexCellHoExeSuccUtran_Filter

Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and EPC

split bearer are configured) may be used.
Differentiated Cell Handover DiffCellHoExeSucc
Execution Success Rate = 100 X
(Captured in eNodeB) DiffCellHoExeAtt B B
[%] eNB gNB
Filtered counters for ENDC stage 2 (MCG and
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell
split bearer are configured) may be used.

)
re
KPI is on
pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteIntraF_Filter

u
+ pmFlexCellHoExeAttLteInterF_Filter
EUtranCellFDD

ct
+ pmFlexCellHoExeAttGeran_Filter /EUtranCellTDD level
+ pmFlexCellHoExeAttUtran_Filter

e
eL
Same as ‘Differentiated Cell Handover Success Rate in LTE (EN-DC)’ but considering handover exe stage only.

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 208

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 4
Use the Mobility Counters to calculate the Differentiated Cell Handover Execution Success Rate in LTE :

EPC

)
u re
B B

ct
eNB gNB

e
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

eL
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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 209

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Stand Alone Mobility

NR Event A3 NR Event A2

Intra-Frequency Handover Inter-Frequency Handover

Intra-gNodeB or
or Inter RAN Handover to LTE Mobility Control at Poor Coverage
Iner-gNodeB or
Release-With-Redirect from NR SA to LTE

)
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x)

u re
NR Cell C (Frequency y)

e ct
eL
LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mobility Control at Poor Coverage

)
re
u
ect
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Stand Alone Intra and Inter Frequency Handover

NR Event A3 1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)

Intra-Frequency Handover 2) NR Event A5 Inter-Frequency Candidate

Intra-gNodeB NR Inter-Frequency Handover
or NR Cell B (frequency x) to NR Cell C (Frequency y)
Iner-gNodeB

)
u re
e ct
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x)

eL
t(
NR Cell C (Frequency y)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Handover success rate captured in source gNodeB

NR Handover success rate (pmHoPrepSuccOutInterGnb + pmHoPrepSuccOutIntraGnb)
= 100 x
captured in source gNodeB [%] (pmHoPrepAttOutInterGnb + pmHoPrepAttOutIntraGnb)

(pmHoExeSuccOutInterGnb + pmHoExeSuccOutIntraGnb)
x
(pmHoExeAttOutInterGnb + pmHoExeAttOutIntraGnb)
This KPI currently supports the following scenarios: 1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)
NR Event A3
• NR intra-frequency intra-gNodeB handover
• NR inter-frequency intra-gNodeB handover Intra-Frequency Handover 2) NR Event A5 Inter-Frequency Candidate
Intra-gNodeB NR Inter-Frequency Handover
• NR intra-frequency inter-gNodeB NG handover
or NR Cell B (frequency x) to NR Cell C (Frequency y)
• NR inter-frequency inter-gNodeB NG handover Iner-gNodeB
• NR intra-frequency inter-gNodeB Xn handover
• NR inter-frequency inter-gNodeB Xn handover

)
u re
e ct
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x)

eL
t(
NR Cell C (Frequency y)

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 213

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 5
Use the NR to NR Handover counters to find the ROP with the lowest NR Handover success rate captured
in source gNodeB

)
gNB

u re
5G NR Cell

e ct
eL
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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 214

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Intra-gNB Handover
gNB CU-CP UPF
Cell A Cell B
5G Intra-gNB handover (source) (target)
Downlink/Uplink User Data
— Similar to 4G Intra-eNB handover
RRC: Measurement Report (event A3)
— Trigger event: A3
— Trigger quantity: RSRP (default) or RSRQ pmHoPrepAttOutIntraGnb +
— Reference Symbol Type: SSB-Based Allocated
resources? No

Yes End of
RRC: RRC Reconfiguration (Handover Command) flow

pmHoPrepSuccOutIntraGnb +

)
re
pmHoExeAttOutIntraGnb +

u
NR Random Access

ct
NOTE:pmHoExeSuccOutIntraGnb is RRC: RRC Reconfiguration Complete (Handover Confirm)

e
incremented AFTER NR Random access

eL
pmHoExeSuccOutIntraGnb +
in the target cell.

t(
Downlink/Uplink User Data

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Inter-Frequency Inter-gNB NG Handover

Source gNB Target gNB
CU-CP CU-CP AMF
5G Inter-gNB NG handover RRC: Measurement Report (A3)

— Similar to 4G Inter-eNB S1 handover Evaluate A3 Measurement Report

— Trigger event: A3 pmHoPrepAttOutInterGnb +

NGAP: Handover Required
— Trigger quantity: RSRP (default) or RSRQ
NGAP: Handover Request
— Reference Symbol Type: SSB-Based
NGAP: Handover Request Acknowledge
NGAP: Handover Command

pmHoPrepSuccOutInterGnb +

RRC: RRC Reconfiguration(Handover Command)

)
pmHoExeAttOutInterGnb +

re
NGAP: Uplink RAN Status Transfer

u
NR Random Access

ct
NGAP: Downlink RAN Status Transfer
NOTE:pmHoExeSuccOutInterGnb is RRC: RRC Reconfiguration Complete

e
(Handover Confirm) NGAP: Handover Notify
incremented AFTER NR Random access

eL
in the target cell. NGAP: UE Context Release Command

t(
pmHoExeSuccOutInterGnb +
NGAP: UE Context Release Complete

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR-to-LTE Inter-RAT Handover

1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)

2) NR Event B2 EUTRAN Candidate

NR Inter-RAT Handover
NR Cell B (frequency x) to LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

)
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x) Handover

u re
e ct
eL
LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

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© Ericsson AB 2021 | LZU1084317 R1A 217

 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR-to-LTE Inter-RAT Handover success rate captured

in source gNodeB
1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)

2) NR Event B2 EUTRAN Candidate

NR Inter-RAT Handover
NR Cell B (frequency x) to LTE Cell D (Frequency z)
NR-to-LTE Inter-RAT
Handover success rate (pmHoPrepSuccOutEutran) (pmHoExeSuccOutEutran)
captured in source
= 100 x x
(pmHoPrepAttOutEutran) (pmHoExeAttOutEutran)
gNodeB [%]

)
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x) Handover

u re
e ct
eL
LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 6
Use the NR to EURAN Handover counters to calculate the NR-to-LTE Inter-RAT Handover success rate
captured in source gNodeB

)
gNB

u re
5G NR Cell

e ct
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Release-With-Redirect from NR SA to LTE

ManagedElement
1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
pmRwrEutranUeSuccNrCoverage
B 2) NR Event A2 (Critical coverage)

gNB
Number of UE Release with Redirection to E-UTRAN NR Inter-Frequency Handover – Not possible
procedures triggered by poor coverage in NR. NR Inter-RAT Handover – Not possible
UE Release with Redirection to E-UTRAN

Condition: Stepped at sending F1AP UE CONTEXT

RELEASE COMMAND message, when cause is poor
NR coverage and UE is redirected to E-UTRAN.

Release with

)
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x) Redirection to

re
E-UTRAN

u
e ct
eL
LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 7
Use the Release_Redirect_NR_SA_to_LTE counters to find the ROP with thie highest number of Release-
With-Redirect from NR SA to LTE 1) NR Event A2 (Entering Search Zone)

2) NR Event A2 (Critical coverage)

NR Inter-Frequency Handover – Not possible

NR Inter-RAT Handover – Not possible
UE Release with Redirection to E-UTRAN

Release with

)
NR Cell A (Frequency x) NR Cell B (Frequency x) Redirection to

re
E-UTRAN

u
e ct
eL
LTE Cell D (Frequency z)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

EPS Fallback to LTE

A voice call can be handled in two different ways in NR SA:
The call may be set up on NR SA using the Voice over NR (VoNR) feature
Or the UE may be redirected to LTE using the EPS Fallback to LTE feature
- Blind release-with-redirect (RwR) to LTE (without measurement)
N26 - Measurement based release-with-redirect to LTE
EPC 5GC
- Measurement based handover to LTE

Logical
view ManagedElement
GNBCUCPFunction
NRCellCU
pmRwrEutranUeSuccEpsfb

)
E-UTRAN (eNB) NG-RAN (gNB)
Number number of UE Release with Redirection to

re
E-UTRAN procedures triggered by EPS fallback.

u
NG-RAN Cell

ct
E-UTRAN Frequency
Condition: Stepped at reception of F1AP UE
CONTEXT RELEASE RESPONSE, for which

e
corresponding request is triggered by EPS fallback.

eL
In this case, response does not indicate that
RRCRelease message is not delivered to UE.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 5 Exercise 8
Use the EPS Fallback to LTE counters to find the ROP with the highest number of UE Release with
Redirection to E-UTRAN procedures triggered by EPS fallback.

N26
EPC 5GC

Logical
view

)
E-UTRAN (eNB) NG-RAN (gNB)

u re
NG-RAN Cell

ct
E-UTRAN Frequency

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Availability
and Resource Utilization

)
re
u
5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Partial Cell Availability for gNodeB Cell

Applicable for NSA and SA

Partial Cell Availability for gNodeB Cell [%] =

ROP X Cell X 900 - ∑ (pmCellDowntimeAuto + pmCellDowntimeMan) B

ROP X Cell X 900 gNB
5G NR Cell
KPI is on
NRCellDU level.

)
u re
ct
NRCellDU NRCellCU

e
Controls the Cell Lock/Unlock Controls the Cell Activation

eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Cell Availability Counters

Length of time the cell is disabled
NRCellDU.serviceState because of fault (cell MO ServiceStatus is

B OUT_OF_SERVICE (Cell is not operational and cannot

serve UE instances. gNB-DU is trying to make cell operational.)
set to OUT_OF_SERVICE).

gNB
pmCellDowntimeAuto + (every second)

NRCellDU

Cell Manually Locked:

)
B

re
Length of time the cell is disabled
NRCellDU.administrativeState because of one of the following reasons:

u
gNB

ct
LOCKED (The resource is administratively prohibited – administrativeState of cell MO is set
from performing services for its users.)

e
to LOCKED.

eL
– Another MO the cell depends on is set
pmCellDowntimeMan + (every second)

t(
to LOCKED.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 1
Use the Cell Availability counters to calculate the Partial Cell Availability for the gNodeB Cell :

B
gNB

)
5G NR Cell

u re
KPI is on

ct
NRCellDU level.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

NR Sector Carrier Licensed Capacity

Applicable for NSA and SA
ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
pmLic5Plus5MHzScActual
Current number of licensed NR 5+5 MHz Sector Carrier capacity units allocated to all
sector carriers of node. Only applicable for low and mid-band.
pmLic5Plus5MHzScFdd
Current number of licensed NR 5+5 MHz Sector Carrier capacity units allocated to all
FDD sector carriers. Only applicable for low band.
pmLic5Plus5MHzScTdd
Current number of licensed NR 5+5 MHz Sector Carrier capacity units allocated to all
TDD sector carriers. Only applicable for low and mid-band.

B pmLic25Plus25MHzScActual
Current number of licensed NR 25+25 MHz Sector Carrier capacity units allocated to all
TDD sector carriers. Only applicable for high band.
gNB pmLic5MHzBwHwacFdd
Number of NR FDD Channel Bandwidth 5 MHz HWACs allocated to FDD sector carriers
in the node. Applicable for NR non-AAS radios.

)
pmLic5MHzBwHwacTdd

re
Number of NR TDD Channel Bandwidth 5 MHz HWACs allocated to TDD sector carriers
in the node. Applicable for NR non-AAS radios.

u
pmLic10MHzBwHwacFdd

ct
Current level of HWACs of type NR AAS FDD Channel Bandwidth 10 MHz, allocated to

e
FDD sector carriers.

eL
pmLic10MHzBwHwacTdd
Current level of HWACs of type NR AAS TDD Channel Bandwidth 10 MHz, allocated to

t(
TDD sector carriers.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 2
Use the Sector Carrier License counters to calculate the sector bandwidth:

12 X 10 = 120 MHz

120/3 = 40 MHz

Sector 1
40 MHz
Sector 3 B
40 MHz gNB

)
re
Sector 2

u
40 MHz

ct
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL and UL Data Volume per Cell

Applicable for NSA and SA
Aggregated volume of successfully transmitted DL MAC PDUs
for DRB or SRB using cell as PCell or SCell. Unit: bytes

pmMacVolDl
DL Volume per Cell = 8 X kbits
1000

B
gNB Data volume in MAC SDUs successfully received in UL.
Unit: byte

)
re
pmMacVolUl
kbits

u
UL Volume per Cell = 8 X

ct
1000

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 3
Use the Data Volume counters to find the ROP with the highest Downlink and uplink data volume :

NOTE: UL data volume is low because the

data is carried by MCG (LTE) in this cell
Highest Uplink

B
gNB

)
u re
ct
Highest Downlink

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL and UL Average Number of Active UEs per Cell

Applicable for NSA and SA
The number of UEs considered active in the downlink direction,
i.e. has designated DRB data in UE dedicated DL

pmActiveUeDlSum
Average Number of Active UEs in DL =
pmActiveUeDlSamp

Counts the number of times the corresponding sum counter

B pmActiveUeDlSum has been incremented

gNB

Number of UEs considered active in the uplink direction, i.e. the

)
UE is considered to have DRB or SRB data in its buffer

u re
pmActiveUeUlSum

ct
Average Number of Active UEs in UL =
pmActiveUeUlSamp

e
eL
Counts the number of times the corresponding sum counter

t(
pmActiveUeUlSum has been incremented

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 4
Use the Active UEs counters to find the ROP with the highest average number of DL and UL UEs:

B
gNB

)
re
u
e ct
eL
t(
Highest

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average Number of Allocated UE Contexts

Applicable for NSA ONLY

Sum of the number of allocated UE contexts from periodic readings.

Average Number of pmUeCtxtAllocatedSum

Allocated UE Contexts =
pmUeCtxtAllocatedSamp

Number of times pmUeCtxtAllocatedSum is stepped.

B
gNB

)
re
Maximum number of allocated UE contexts during reporting period.

u
ct
Maximum Number of
Allocated UE Contexts = max[pmUeCtxtAllocatedMax ]

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 5
Use the UE Contexts counters to find the ROP with the highest average number of UE Contexts:

B
gNB

)
u re
e ct
eL
Highest

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average Number of RRC Connected Users

Applicable for SA ONLY
Sum of all sample values recorded for number of NR SA
UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode in NR CU-CP

Average Number of pmRrcConnLevelSumSa

RRC Connected Users =
pmRrcConnLevelSamp

Number of times corresponding Sum counters accumulate a new

B sample. Associated Sum pmCounters are

pmRrcConnLevelSumSa and pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc.
gNB

)
re
Peak number of NR SA UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode in NR CU-CP.

u
ct
Peak Number of RRC
Connected Users = max[pmRrcConnLevelMaxSa ]

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 6
Use the RRC Connected Users counters to find the ROP with the highest Average Number of RRC
Connected Users :

Highest

B
gNB

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Average Number of RRC Connected Users, EN-DC UE Connections

Applicable for NSA ONLY
Sum of all sample values recorded for number of NR
EN-DC UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode in NR CU-CP

Average Number of RRC Connected pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc

Users, EN-DC UE Connections =
pmRrcConnLevelSamp

Number of times corresponding Sum counters accumulate a new

sample. Associated Sum pmCounters are pmRrcConnLevelSumSa
and pmRrcConnLevelSumEnDc.

)
re
gNB
Peak number of NR EN-DC UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode in NR CU-CP.

u
ct
Peak Number of RRC
Connected Users, EN-DC = max[ pmRrcConnLevelMaxEnDc ]

e
eL
UE Connections

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 7
Use the RRC Connected Users counters to find the ROP with the highest average number of RRC Connected users:

B
gNB

)
u re
e ct
eL
Highest

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PDSCH and PUSCH Slot Utilization per Cell

Applicable for NSA and SA
Total duration of slots where there is DL PDSCH scheduling activity.
Unit: 125 us

pmPdschSchedActivity
PDSCH Slot Utilization= 100 X %
pmPdschAvailTime

Total duration of slots where gNodeB scheduler can schedule on

PDSCH. Unit: 125 us

B
gNB
Total duration of slots where at least one MAC SDU is received on
PUSCH. Unit: 125 us

)
re
pmPuschSchedActivity

u
PUSCH Slot Utilization= 100 X %
pmPuschAvailTime

e ct
eL
Total duration of slots where gNodeB scheduler can schedule on
PUSCH. Unit: 125 us

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PDSCH and PUSCH Slot Utilization Counters

ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
+- NRCellDU
pmPdschSchedActivity
Total duration of slots where there is DL PDSCH scheduling
activity. Unit: 125 us
Condition: Stepped for each slot where PDSCH is available,
regardless if any UE is scheduled.

B pmPdschAvailTime
Total duration of slots where gNodeB scheduler can schedule
gNB on PDSCH. Unit: 125 us
pmPuschSchedActivity
Total duration of slots where at least one MAC SDU is received

)
re
on PUSCH. Unit: 125 us
pmPuschAvailTime

u
Total duration of slots where gNodeB scheduler can schedule

ct
on PUSCH. Unit: 125 us

e
Condition: Stepped for each slot where PUSCH is available,

eL
regardless if any UE is scheduled.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mid-Band 40 MHz Bandwidth Example Configuration

One Radio Frame (10 msec) = 10 Subframes
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9

Resource Block 0
PUCCH (4 Resource Blocks)
Special Slot (4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols)
Resource Block 4 D D D S U U D D D D S

PUCCH (4 Resource Blocks)

Resource Block 105

ManagedElement

)
GNBCUCPFunction

re
NRCellDU

u
rachPreambleFormat = 0 (RACH_PREAMBLE_FORMAT_00)

ct
tddSpecialSlotPattern = 4 (TDD_SPECIAL_SLOT_PATTERN_04) 4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols
tddUlDlPattern = 1 (TDD_ULDL_PATTERN_01) UL/DL pattern is DDDSUUDDDD

e
NRSectorCarrier

eL
bSChannelBwDL = 40
gNodeB bSChannelBwUL = 40

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mid-Band 40 MHz Bandwidth PDSCH Available Slots

One Radio Frame (10 msec) = 10 Subframes
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9

Resource Block 0

Special Slot (4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols)

Resource Block 4 D D D S U U D D D D S

Resource Block 105

DL Slots per Radio Frame = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 +0 +0 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +0 +0 +1 +1 + 1 + 1 = 16
DL Slots per ROP = 16 X Radio Frames per second X seconds per minute X minutes in ROP

)
re
= 16 X 100 X 60 X 15 = 1,440,000 DL 0.5 msec slots per ROP

u
ct
The ‘pmPdschAvailTime’ counter uses units of 0.125 msec => pmPdschAvailTime = 1,440,000 X 4 = 5,760,000

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 8
Use the PDSCH Slot Utilization counters to find the ROP with the highest PDSCH slot utilization:

B
gNB

)
u re
e ct
eL
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mid-Band 40 MHz Bandwidth PUSCH Available Slots

One Radio Frame (10 msec) = 10 Subframes
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9

Resource Block 0

Special Slot (4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols)

Resource Block 4 D D D S U U D D D D S

PRACH (12 Resource Blocks)

Resource Block 105

UL Slots per Radio Frame = 0 + 0 + 0 +1 +1 +1 + 0 + 0+ 0 + 0+ 0 + 0 + 0 +1+0 +0 +0 +0 +0 +0=4

)
re
UL Slots per ROP = 4 X Radio Frames per second X seconds per minute X minutes in ROP

u
= 4 X 100 X 60 X 15 = 360,000 UL 0.5 msec slots per ROP

ct
The ‘pmPuschAvailTime’ counter uses units of 0.125 msec => pmPuschAvailTime = 360,000 X 4 = 1,440,000

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 9
Use the PUSCH Slot Utilization counters to find the ROP with the highest PUSCH slot utilization:

B
gNB

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL Reource Block Symbol (RBSym) Utilization

Applicable for NSA and SA Type A Transmission aligned with slot (like LTE)

Type B
Transmission can start in any symbol
*pmMacRBSymUsedPdcchTypeB supported in High-Band only

B
pmMacRBSymUsedPdschTypeA +
pmMacRBSymUsedPdcchTypeA +
gNB *pmMacRBSymUsedPdcchTypeB +
pmMacRBSymUsedPdschTypeABroadcasting +
pmMacRBSymCsiRs

)
re
DLTotUsedRBSym
DL RBSym Utilization [%] = 100 X %

u
pmMacRBSymAvailDl

ct
Resource Indicator (RI) shows cell

e
resource use for downlink with

eL
resource block symbols (RBSym). Total aggregated number of resource block symbols available for
DL transmission during complete ROP.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

DL Reource Block Symbol (RBSym) Counters

ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
+- NRCellDU
pmMacRBSymUsedPdschTypeA
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PDSCH mapping Type A during complete
ROP
pmMacRBSymUsedPdcchTypeA
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used by PDCCH for scheduling of PDSCH or PUSCH
using mapping type A

B
pmMacRBSymUsedPdcchTypeB
Aggregated number of UL resource block symbols used for PUSCH mapping Type B for ROP.
pmMacRBSymUsedPdschTypeABroadcasting
gNB Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PDSCH mapping Type A broadcasting
during complete ROP. Counts DL resource block symbols used for Synchronization Signal (SS)
PBCH, BCCH, and PCCH including SIBs and Random Access (RA) Msg2.

)
re
pmMacRBSymCsiRs
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for Channel State Information Reference Signal

u
(CSI-RS) during complete ROP

ct
pmMacRBSymAvailDl

e
Total aggregated number of resource block symbols available for DL transmission during complete

eL
ROP.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mid-Band 40 MHz Bandwidth DL RBSym per ROP

One Radio Frame (10 msec) = 10 Subframes
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9

Resource Block 0

Special Slot (4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols)

Resource Block 4 D D D S U U D D D D S

Resource Block 105

DL Symbols per Radio Frame = 14 + 14 + 14 + 4 + 0 + 0 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 4 + 0 + 0 + 14 + 14 + 14 + 14 = 204
DL Symbols per ROP = 204 X Radio Frames per second X seconds per minute X minutes in ROP X number of RBs

)
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= 204 X 100 X 60 X 15 X 106 = 1946160000 = ‘pmMacRBSymAvailDl’ counter value.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 10
Use the DL RBSym Utilization counters to find the ROP with the highest DL RBSym Utilization:

B
gNB
gNB
Highest DL RBSym Utilization

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UL Resource Block Symbol (RBSym) Utilization

Applicable for NSA and SA

*pmMacRBSymUsedPuschTypeB supported in High-Band only

pmMacRBSymUsedPuschTypeA + *pmMacRBSymUsedPuschTypeB

B ULTotUsedRBSym
gNB UL RBSym Utilization [%] = 100 X %
pmMacRBSymAvailUl

Total aggregated number of resource block symbols available for

)
UL transmission during complete ROP

u re
ct
Resource Indicator (RI) shows cell

e
resource use for downlink with

eL
resource block symbols (RBSym).

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

UL Resource Block Symbol (RBSym) Counters

ManagedElement
+- GNBDUFunction
+- NRCellDU
pmMacRBSymUsedPuschTypeA
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for PUSCH mapping Type
A during complete ROP
pmMacRBSymUsedPuschTypeB
Aggregated number of UL resource block symbols used for PUSCH mapping
B Type B for ROP.
gNB pmMacRBSymAvailUl
Total aggregated number of resource block symbols available for UL
transmission during complete ROP

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Mid-Band 40 MHz Bandwidth UL RBSym per ROP

One Radio Frame (10 msec) = 10 Subframes
Subframe 0 Subframe 1 Subframe 2 Subframe 3 Subframe 4 Subframe 5 Subframe 6 Subframe 7 Subframe 8 Subframe 9

Resource Block 0
PUCCH (4 Resource Blocks)
Special Slot (4 DL symbols, 6 guard symbols, and 4 UL symbols)
Resource Block 4 D D D S U U D D D D S

Number of uplink Resource Blocks reserved for PUCCH = 4 + 4 = 8

Number of uplink Resource Blocks without PRACH = 106 – 8 – 12 = 86 PRACH (12 Resource Blocks)
Number of uplink Resource Blocks with PRACH = 12
PUCCH (4 Resource Blocks)
Resource Block 105
UL Symbols per Radio Frame (without PRACH)= 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 14 + 14 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 14 + 14 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 64
UL Symbols per Radio Frame (with PRACH) = 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 14 + 14 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 36

)
re
UL Symbols per ROP = 64 X Radio Frames per second X seconds per minute X minutes in ROP X number of RBs without PRACH +

u
36 X Radio Frames per second X seconds per minute X minutes in ROP X number of RBs with PRACH

ct
= (64 X 100 X 60 X 15 X 86) + (36 X 100 X 60 X 15 X 12) = 534240000 = ‘pmMacRBSymAvailUl’ counter value.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 11
Use the UL RBSym Utilization counters to find the ROP with the highest UL RBSym Utilization:

B
Highest UL RBSym Utilization gNB

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Downlink RBSym Utilization Distribution

Applicable for NSA and SA pmMacRBSymUtilDlDistr
Distribution of utilization for downlink resource block symbols averaged over 1 second.
Unit: N/A Ranges:
Bin[0]: [0..5] %
Resource Indicator (RI) shows the distribution Bin[1]: [6..10] %
Bin[2]: [11..15] %
over time with resource block symbol for cell Bin[3]: [16..20] %
resource utilization for downlink. Bin[4]: [21..25] %
Bin[5]: [26..30] %
Bin[6]: [31..35] %
Bin[7]: [36..40] %
Bin[8]: [41..45] %
Bin[9]: [46..50] %
Bin[10]: [51..55] %
Bin[11]: [56..60] %
Bin[12]: [61..65] %
Bin[13]: [66..70] %
Bin[14]: [71..75] %

)
Bin[15]: [76..80] %

re
B Bin[16]: [81..85] %

u
Bin[17]: [86..90] %

ct
Bin[18]: [91..95] %
gNB Bin[19]: [96..100] %

e
Condition: Calculated based on the following numbers:

eL
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for all DL channels in 1 second.
NRCellDU Aggregated number of available DL resource block symbols in 1 second.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 11
Use the pmMacRBSymUtilDlDistr counter to estimate the DL RBSym Utilization %:

B
gNB

The majority (>80%) of hits are in Bin[0]: [0..5] %

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Uplink RBSym Utilization Distribution

Applicable for NSA and SA pmMacRBSymUtilUlDistr
Distribution of utilization for uplink resource block symbols averaged over 1 second.
Unit: N/A Ranges:
Bin[0]: [0..5] %
Resource Indicator (RI) shows the distribution Bin[1]: [6..10] %
Bin[2]: [11..15] %
over time with resource block symbol for cell Bin[3]: [16..20] %
resource utilization for downlink. Bin[4]: [21..25] %
Bin[5]: [26..30] %
Bin[6]: [31..35] %
Bin[7]: [36..40] %
Bin[8]: [41..45] %
Bin[9]: [46..50] %
Bin[10]: [51..55] %
Bin[11]: [56..60] %
Bin[12]: [61..65] %
Bin[13]: [66..70] %
Bin[14]: [71..75] %

)
Bin[15]: [76..80] %

re
B Bin[16]: [81..85] %

u
Bin[17]: [86..90] %

ct
Bin[18]: [91..95] %
gNB Bin[19]: [96..100] %

e
Condition: Calculated based on the following numbers:

eL
Aggregated number of resource block symbols used for all UL channels in 1 second.
NRCellDU Aggregated number of available UL resource block symbols in 1 second.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 6 Exercise 13
Use the pmMacRBSymUtilUlDistr counter to estimate the UL RBSym Utilization %:

B
gNB

The majority (>80%) of hits are in Bin[0]: [0..5] %

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

5G RAN NR Cell and UE

Trace

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

ect
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Cell and UE Trace Introduction

UE Trace captures
events related to a Cell Trace captures
particular IMSI as it events from a user
travels through the

)
defined fraction of

re
Network. UEs in a particular cell.

u
Maximum 16 per eNodeB
Maximum 6 per

ct
eNodeB/gNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

eNodeB Cell and UE Trace Events

INTERNAL_EVENT_ADMISSION_BLOCKING_STARTED
INTERNAL_EVENT_ADMISSION_BLOCKING_STOPPED
INTERNAL_EVENT_ADMISSION_BLOCKING_UPDATED
Internal EPC
INTERNAL_PROC_X2_SETUP
INTERNAL_PROC_X2_SGNB_ADDITION
INTERNAL_UE_MEAS_ABORT

B B
M3_M3_SETUP_FAILURE
eNB gNB
M3_M3_SETUP_REQUEST
M3_M3_SETUP_RESPONSE LTE Cell 5G NR Cell

)
External

re
X2_X2_SETUP_FAILURE

u
X2_X2_SETUP_REQUEST

ct
X2_X2_SETUP_RESPONSE

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

eNodeB Cell and UE Trace Event Details

Step 5

Step 6
Step 4
Step 1

Step 2

)
Step 3

u re
ct
e
eL
This will produce the excel file shown in the next slide.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

eNodeB Cell and UE Trace Events excel File

504 events !

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example eNodeB External Event

[2019-06-20 19:45:35.806] LTEEvent
LTEEvent {
recordLength: 52,
recordType: 4,
eventId: 55,
RRC_SCG_FAILURE_INFORMATION_NR {
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_HOUR: 19,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MINUTE: 45,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_SECOND: 35,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MILLISEC: 806,
EVENT_PARAM_SCANNER_ID: 1,
EVENT_PARAM_RBS_MODULE_ID: EVENT_VALUE_MASTER_DU (0),
EVENT_PARAM_GLOBAL_CELL_ID: 41039628,
EVENT_PARAM_ENBS1APID: 275344,
EVENT_PARAM_MMES1APID: 35380725,
EVENT_PARAM_GUMMEI: '00 62 F2 87 D4 31 05'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RAC_UE_REF: 100724755,
EVENT_PARAM_TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE: '00 02 D6'H,
EVENT_PARAM_MESSAGE_DIRECTION: EVENT_VALUE_RECEIVED (0),
EVENT_PARAM_L3MESSAGE_LENGTH: 3,
EVENT_PARAM_L3MESSAGE_CONTENTS: 'A0 40 00'H,

)
EVENT_PARAM_CRNTI: 6389

re
}
RRC {

u
pdu: value UL-DCCH-Message ::= {

ct
message messageClassExtension : c2 : scgFailureInformationNR_r15 : {
criticalExtensions c1 : scgFailureInformationNR_r15 : {
Format according to 3GPP

e
failureReportSCG-NR-r15 {

eL
failureType-r15 t310-Expiry
}
}

t(
}

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example eNodeB Internal Event

[2021-09-06 09:00:02.853] LTEEvent
LTEEvent {
recordLength: 796,
recordType: 4,
eventId: 3075,
INTERNAL_PER_RADIO_UE_MEASUREMENT {
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_HOUR: 9,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MINUTE: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_SECOND: 2,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MILLISEC: 853,
EVENT_PARAM_SCANNER_ID: 131072,
EVENT_PARAM_RBS_MODULE_ID: EVENT_VALUE_MASTER_DU (0),
EVENT_PARAM_GLOBAL_CELL_ID: 129139581,
EVENT_PARAM_ENBS1APID: 276251,
EVENT_PARAM_MMES1APID: 454083902,
EVENT_PARAM_GUMMEI: '00 32 F4 01 FF FC D0'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RAC_UE_REF: 1050431616,
EVENT_PARAM_TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE: '00 77 1B'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_0: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_1: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_2: 0,

)
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_3: 3,

re
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_4: 1,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_5: 0,
Internal Ericsson format

u
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_6: 0,

ct
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_7: 0,
encoding of internal events

e
eL
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_14: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_15: 0,

t(
EVENT_PARAM_UE_TRACE_ID: 0xdab47c5aeee2205d

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example eNodeB Internal Event Decoding

[2021-09-06 09:00:02.853] LTEEvent
LTEEvent {
recordLength: 796,
recordType: 4,
eventId: 3075,
INTERNAL_PER_RADIO_UE_MEASUREMENT {
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_HOUR: 9,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MINUTE: 0,
Ctrl F
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_SECOND: 2,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MILLISEC: 853,
EVENT_PARAM_SCANNER_ID: 131072,
EVENT_PARAM_RBS_MODULE_ID: EVENT_VALUE_MASTER_DU (0),
EVENT_PARAM_GLOBAL_CELL_ID: 129139581,
EVENT_PARAM_ENBS1APID: 276251,
EVENT_PARAM_MMES1APID: 454083902,
EVENT_PARAM_GUMMEI: '00 32 F4 01 FF FC D0'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RAC_UE_REF: 1050431616,
EVENT_PARAM_TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE: '00 77 1B'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_0: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_1: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_2: 0,

)
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_3: 3,

re
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_4: 1,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_5: 0,

u
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_6: 0,

ct
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_7: 0,

e
eL
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_14: 0,
EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_15: 0,

t(
EVENT_PARAM_UE_TRACE_ID: 0xdab47c5aeee2205d

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Timing Advance in NSA Cell Trace

INTERNAL_PER_RADIO_UE_MEASUREMENT_TA {
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_HOUR 11,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MINUTE 42,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_SECOND 52,
EVENT_PARAM_TA_INTERVAL 1000,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_MILLISEC 291,
EVENT_PARAM_SCANNER_ID 131072,
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304,
EVENT_PARAM_RBS_MODULE_ID EVENT_VALUE_MASTER_DU (0),
EVENT_PARAM_GLOBAL_CELL_ID 36017422, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304, UE Distance from eNodeB
EVENT_PARAM_ENBS1APID 485,
EVENT_PARAM_MMES1APID 168822750, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304, =(304 X 3.25 X 10-8 X 3 x 108)/2
EVENT_PARAM_GUMMEI '00 62 F2 20 EE BB 73'H,
EVENT_PARAM_RAC_UE_REF 121241662, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304, = 1482 m
EVENT_PARAM_TRACE_RECORDING_SESSION_REFERENCE '00 14 CD'H,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_START_HOUR 11, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_START_MINUTE 42,
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_START_SECOND 43, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 320,
UE Distance from eNodeB
EVENT_PARAM_TIMESTAMP_START_MILLISEC 291, =(320 X 3.25 X 10-8 X 3 x 108)/2
EVENT_PARAM_TA_INTERVAL 1000, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 320, = 1560 m
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304,
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336, UE Distance from eNodeB
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304,
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336, =(336 X 3.25 X 10-8 X 3 x 108)/2
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 304,

)
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 320, EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336, = 1638 m LTE basic time unit (Ts) = 3.25 X 10-8 sec

re
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 320,
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336, Time between Fast Furrier Transfer (FFT)
EVENT_ARRAY_TA unavailable, Connection

u
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336, samples of the sub-carrier.

ct
EVENT_ARRAY_TA 336,
EVENT_ARRAY_TA unavailable, released
EVENT_ARRAY_TA unavailable, (66.7 X 10-6/2048 = 3.25 X 10-8 sec

e
EVENT_ARRAY_TA unavailable,

eL
(‘EVENT_ARRAY_TA’ X 3.25 x 10-8 X 3 x 108 Speed of light
UE distance from eNodeB = [m] 3 X 108 m/sec

t(
2
To convert from Round Trip Time

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

TA to Distance Conversion

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 7 Exercise 1
Open the ‘UE_Trace’.txt file and answer the following questions:
1. What was the ‘establishmentCause’ in the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message received by the eNodeB at 19:44:56.428 ?
Ans: establishmentCause mo-Signalling
2. What was the event B1 threshold in dBm signaled to the UE in the RRC CONNECTION RECONFIGURATION message at
19:45:35.818 ?
Ans: b1-ThresholdNR-r15 nr_RSRP_r15 : 36 = -121 ≤ SS-RSRP < -120 dBm
3. What was the reported RSRP value for the NR cell reported in the RRC MEASUREMENT REPORT message received at
19:45:45.924?
Ans: rsrpResult-r15 68 = -89 ≤ SS-RSRP < -88 dBm
4. What was the QCI of the bearer to be added in the X2 SGNB ADDITION REQUEST message sent at 19:45:45.931 ?
Ans: qCI 9
5. What is the frequency band of the NR cell added with the X2 SGNB ADDITION REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE message received
at 19:45:45.943 ?
Ans: FreqBandIndicatorNR 78 = 3.5 GHz band

)
re
6. What is the RACH root sequence (prach-RootSequenceIndex) of the EN-DC cell configured with the RRC CONNECTION
RECONFIGURATION message sent at 19:45:45.949 ?

u
Ans: prach-RootSequenceIndex l139 : 1

ct
7. Was the random access attempt successful on the 5G NR Cell? (Hint : 19:45:46.754)

e
Ans: No since a RRC SCG FAILURE INFORMATION NR message with failureType-r15 randomAccessProblem was received

eL
8. What was the reason for the X2 SGNB RELEASE REQUEST message sent at 19:45:46.758?

t(
Ans: value Cause : radioNetwork : radio-connection-with-UE-lost

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 7 Exercise 2
Open the ‘NSA_Cell_Trace’.txt file and answer the following questions:
1. What bearers were setup with the INTERNAL_PROC_INITIAL_CTXT_SETUP Internal Event at 08:59:57.240 ?
Ans: QCI 8 and 5
2. According to the Timing Advance value reported in the the INTERNAL_PROC_INITIAL_CTXT_SETUP Internal Event at
08:59:57.240 how far was the Ue from the Base Station when the context was setup?
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_TA: 48 = 234 m
3. What was the EN-DC stage of the UE at 08:59:57.240 ?
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_UE_ENDC_STAGE: EVENT_VALUE_ENDC_NR_MATCHED (1)
4. How many times was MIMO Rank 2 used in the INTERNAL_PER_RADIO_UE_MEASUREMENT Internal Event at
09:00:02.853 ?
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_RANK_TX_4: 1
5. What was the highest CQI value reported in the INTERNAL_PER_RADIO_UE_MEASUREMENT Internal Event at
09:00:02.853 ?
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_CQI_REPORTED_12 => CQI 12 was the highest reported CQI value

)
re
6. What was the S1_RELEASE_CAUSE recorded in the INTERNAL_PROC_UE_CTXT_RELEASE Internal Event at 09:00:28.444 ?
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_S1_RELEASE_CAUSE: EVENT_VALUE_USER_INACTIVITY (10)

u
7. What was the EN-DC stage of the UE at 09:00:28.444 ?

ct
Ans: EVENT_PARAM_UE_ENDC_STAGE: EVENT_VALUE_ENDC_NR_ACTIVE (2)

e
8. Did the UE move during this session?

eL
Ans: No since TA was still 48 at Context release.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

gNodeB Cell and UE Trace Events

CuCpAnrNeighbRelAdd
CuCpAnrNeighbRelRem
CuCpEndcInitAccessFail
CuCp
EPC CuCpXnSnStatusTransfer
CuCpXnUeContextRelease
CuCpXnXnuAddressIndication
CuUpBbDataCollectionLost
CuUpPerNfTrafficRep

B B CuUpPerUeRbCgTrafficRep
CuUp
eNB gNB CuUpPerUeRbX2XnTrafficRep
CuUpProcEndcNrUlPrimaryCgSwitch
LTE Cell 5G NR Cell CuUpTestEventEnm

)
re
DuBbDataCollectionLost
DuCellLockUnlock

u
DuF1ConnRelease

ct
Du

e
eL
DuRrcReject
DuRrcSetupRequest

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DuTestEventEnm

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

gNodeB Cell and UER Trace Event Details

Step 6

Step 4 NRPMEvents NRPMEventsEnums

Step 1 Step 3
20.Q2.0
Step 2 NRPMEvents Compound Types
NRPMEventsFormat
Step 5

)
u re
ect
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This will produce the excel file shown in the next slide.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

gNodeB Cell and UE Trace Events excel File

282 events !

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example gNodeB Event

[2021-07-08 18:14:52.370] NrPmEvent
DuFunctionPmEvent {
du_per_ue_traffic_rep {
per_ue_rlc_arq_dl_ack: 167,
per_ue_rlc_arq_dl_nack: 0,
per_ue_rlc_arq_ul_ack: 189,
per_ue_rlc_arq_ul_nack: 1,
ue_ref: 25695549,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_64_qam: 71,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_256_qam: 36,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_64_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_256_qam: 0, Internal Ericsson format encoding of
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_qpsk: 0, internal events
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_64_qam: 33,

)
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_256_qam: 1,

re
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_16_qam: 0,

u
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_64_qam: 221,

ct
e
eL
ue_power_class: UE_POWER_CLASS_3,
pref_ue_group_id: 0,

t(
ue_group_id: 0

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example gNodeB Event Decoding

[2021-07-08 18:14:52.370] NrPmEvent
DuFunctionPmEvent {
du_per_ue_traffic_rep {
per_ue_rlc_arq_dl_ack: 167,
per_ue_rlc_arq_dl_nack: 0,
per_ue_rlc_arq_ul_ack: 189,
per_ue_rlc_arq_ul_nack: 1,
ue_ref: 25695549,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_64_qam: 71,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_256_qam: 36,
Ctrl F
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_64_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_dtx_256_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_16_qam: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_64_qam: 33,

)
per_ue_mac_harq_dl_nack_256_qam: 1,

re
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_qpsk: 0,
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_16_qam: 0,

u
per_ue_mac_harq_ul_ack_64_qam: 221,

ect
eL
ue_power_class: UE_POWER_CLASS_3,
pref_ue_group_id: 0,

t(
ue_group_id: 0

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 7 Exercise 3
Open the ‘SA_Cell_Trace_CuCP.txt file and answer the following questions:
1. What was the ‘establishmentCause’ in the RRC Setup Request message received by the gNodeB at 20:16:14.057 ?
Ans: value RRCEstablishmentCause : mo-Signalling
2. What type of bearer was set up with the RRC Setup message sent by the gNodeB at 20:16:14.058 ?
Ans: A Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) was setup
3. What was the 5QI value of the bearer set up with the Initial Context Setup Request message received from the CN at
20:16:14.101 ?
Ans: fiveQI 6
4. What was the UE asked to measure for ‘reportConfigId 2’ in the RRC Reconfiguration message sent by the gNodeB at
20:16:14.131 ?
Ans: reportConfigId 2 = eventId eventA3 i.e. A3 event

)
re
5. What event was reported by the UE in the RRC Measurement Report received at 20:16:15.724 ?
Ans: Event A3 for physCellId 147 with an RSRP value of 59 (-98 ≤ SS-RSRP < -97 dBm)

u
ct
6. What procedure was performed at 20:16:19.580 ?

e
Ans: Handover to gNB-ID gNB_ID : '101000000001001001100110’B was performed

eL
7. What was the release cause in the UE Context Release Command received at 20:16:21.658 ?

t(
Ans: value Cause : radioNetwork : successful-handover

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Chapter 7 Exercise 4
Open the ‘SA_Cell_Trace_Du’.txt file and answer the following questions:
1. What was the 5QI value of the bearer set up with the du_f1_ue_context_setup_request event reported at 18:14:51.702 ?
Ans: qCI 8
2. What was the f1_ue_context_setup_result in the du_proc_f1_ue_context_setup event reported at 18:14:51.709 ?
Ans: f1_ue_context_setup_result: F1_UE_CONTEXT_SETUP_RESULT_SUCCESS
3. How many successful HARQ transmissions in downlink using 256-QAM were reported in the du_per_ue_traffic_rep event
recorded at 18:14:52.370 ?
Ans: per_ue_mac_harq_dl_ack_256_qam: 36, => 36 successfull HARQ transmissions in the downlink using 256-QAM
4. What was the highest PUCCH SINR reported in the du_per_radio_cell_measurement event recorded at 18:14:52.370 ?
Ans: per_cell_radio_sinr_pucch_distr: 2 (BIN 7)=> pmRadioSinrPucchDistr [7]: SINR > 3dB
5. What was the total aggregated number of resource block symbols available for DL transmission reported in the
du_per_cell_resource_rep event recorded at 18:14:52.370 ?
Ans: per_cell_mac_rbsym_total_avail_dl: 5674578,

)
re
6. What was the downlink MAC SDU volume successfully transmitted using the cell as PCell or Scell reported in the
du_per_cell_traffic_rep event recorded at 18:14:52.370 ?

u
Ans: per_cell_mac_vol_dl: 2258, => 2258 Bytes

ct
7. What was the average MAC latency in downlink for QoS 8 without DRX impact and out-of-sync impact in msec reported in the

e
du_per_cell_qos_traffic_rep event recorded at 18:14:52.371 ?

eL
Ans: per_qos_mac_lat_time_dl_drxactive_insync: 1172

t(
per_qos_mac_lat_time_dl_drxactive_insync_samp: 67
=> Average = 1172/67 = 17.49 => 17.49 X 125 usec = 2,186 usec = 2.186 msec

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

ENM 5G RAN NR Statistics

and Cell Trace Handling

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

ENM Performance Management Overview

— PMIC provides the capability to initiate the output of

counters and events in the network nodes.
— PMIC collects and manages the Performance
Management (PM) files from the nodes.
— The two main categories for PM initiation and file
collection are statistics-based and event-based
subscriptions.

)
re
— Statistics-based subscriptions are collected

u
continually to provide data to external PM reporting

ct
systems

e
eL
— Event-based subscriptions are used for network
troubleshooting and are typically run as needed

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

PM Initiation and Collection

Action Bar
Dashboard

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Subscription list

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Dashboard - PM Initiation and Collection

- Total number of active subscriptions. - Displays the status of the subscriptions.

- Displays in red the number of active - A subscription may be in any one of six possible
subscriptions that are in error. states

- Displays in green the number of active - Each subscription state has a count included,
subscriptions that are operating. showing the number of subscriptions in each state
at any one time.
- Clicking the active operational doughnut chart
will open the PM Node Processes page with the - The total number of subscriptions is also displayed.
list of subscriptions and nodes sorted by error.
- Visual representation of file collection during the
last 60 minutes.
- Provides a visual representation of the number - The graph represents a live feed which

)
of files missed during collection in the last 60 automatically gets updated every minute and no

re
minutes. This includes both normal file page refresh is required to view the latest data.

u
collection and file recovery.

ct
- The image shows units in KB, but the units are
- Clicking the graph will open a log viewer dynamic and could be in any of the possible values

e
showing all the errors in relation to missed files

eL
(Bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, or PB).
for the last 60 minutes.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Stats Subscription

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

)
u re
ct
e
1. Select “Create Subscription” from the action bar.

eL
2. Select “Cell Trace Subscription”.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Stats Subscription (Resources)

1
2

Step 5
(Hold ‘Ctrl’ or ‘Shift’

)
while clicking to select

re
multiple nodes)
Step 4

u
ct
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Step 6

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Stats Subscription (Counters)

Can be used to search for a particular counter

Step 7
Select the desired
counters to be
collected

Counters are grouped Step 8

per MO Class.

)
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(Predefined counters
are already collected

u
automatically by

ct
System Defined

e
Subscription Profiles)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Stats Subscription (Scheduler)

Step 10

)
Manual activation

re
and automatic

u
deactivation on Jul 16
Step 9

ct
at 12:00 used in this
Start and end date example

e
and time may be set

eL
as well as manual
activation /

t(
deactivation

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Stats Subscription (Activation)

Step 11

)
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Right-click and select
activate Further steps:

u
Right-click also to

ct
(not required for deactivate manually

e
scheduled activation) and to delete the

eL
subscription profile
when it is no longer

t(
needed.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Criteria Based Subscriptions (CBS)

— A Criteria Based Subscription (CBS) is a subscription with a dynamic

nodes list which is populated by a criteria.

— The criteria used in a CBS is a Saved Search which the user can import
from the Network Explorer Application.

— The criteria is dynamic because the criteria is audited periodically and if

)
there are any changes in the result set of the criteria, these changes are

re
applied to the subscription.

u
ct
— The default audit period is 15 minutes, and is configurable by the

e
eL
System Administrator.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

ENM KPI Management

— Monitor the network health using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

— Configure Ericsson Pre-defined KPIs

— Create user defined KPIs.

)
— Assign nodes to KPIs and activate the KPI calculation for the nodes.

u re
— View information for the available KPIs using the Network Health

ct
Monitor and Node Monitor Applications

e
eL
— Only user with proper ENM user roles can create or manage KPIs.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create a new ENM KPI

Step 1

NR Random Access SR

NR Random Access SR KPI created by instructor

Step 2

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create a new KPI (Node and reporting Object)

)
re
Step 3

u
ct
Select Node Type

e
Step 4

eL
Add Reporting Object

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create a new KPI (Node and Reporting Object)

Step 6

100*(pmRadioRaCbSuccMsg3 / pmRadioRaCbAttMsg2)
Step 5

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create a new KPI (System Threshold)

Step 7
Step 6

)
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(Optional)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create a new KPI (Nodes)

Step 10

Step 8

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Step 9

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Activating a new KPI

)
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Step 11

eL
Right-click and select Similar procedure

t(
activate to deactivate KPI

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network Health Monitor

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network Health Monitor (First Time)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network Health Monitor (Node Selected)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network Health Monitor (KPI Widgets)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Worst Performing Nodes by KPI Widget

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Worst Performing Nodes by KPI Widget Example

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Nodes Breached per KPI Widget

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Nodes Breached per KPI Widget Example

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription

)
u re
ct
e
1. Select “Create Subscription” from the action bar.

eL
2. Select “Cell Trace Subscription”.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (Resources)

)
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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (Events)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (Output Mode)

Stored in 15 min ROP files on the node and collected by ENM

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Streamed to configured IP address shown below
Stored in 15 mon ROP files on the node AND streamed to configured IP address shown below

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (UE Fraction)

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Excluding ASN 1 from the Cell Trace will only

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collect internal events in the Cell trace.

e
Note: In the case of ENDC all ASN 1 messages

eL
go through the eNodeB.

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (Scheduler)

Save when complete

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Start and end date and time may be set be set

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15 minutes is the only option for GNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create 5G NR Cell Trace Subscription (Activation)

Right-click

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create LTE UE Trace Subscription

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create LTE UE Trace Subscription (Output Mode)

)
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Stored in 15 min ROP files on the node and collected by ENM

ct
Streamed to configured IP address shown below
Stored in 15 mon ROP files on the node AND streamed to configured IP address shown below

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create LTE UE Trace Subscription (Parameters)

Minimum: Recording of some IEs in the signaling messages plus any vendor
specific extensions to this definition, in decoded format.
Medium: Recording of some IEs in the signaling messages together with the
radio measurement IEs plus any vendor specific extensions to this definition, in
decoded format.
Maximum: Recording entire signaling messages plus any vendor specific
extensions to this definition, in encoded format.
Minimum Without Vendor Specific Extension: Recording of some IEs in the
signalling messages in decoded format.
Medium Without Vendor Specific Extension: Recording of some IEs in the
signaling messages together with the radio measurement IEs in decoded format.

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Maximum Without Vendor Specific Extension: Recording entire signaling
messages in encoded format.

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Select interfaces to monitor in the eNodeB and MME

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create LTE UE Trace Subscription (Scheduler)

Save when complete

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Start and end date and time may be set be set

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15 minutes is the only option for eNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Create LTE UE Trace Subscription (Activation)

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Right-click

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Decoding Cell and UE Trace Files in ENM

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Decoding LTE Cell Trace File on ENM

[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) ~]$ cd /ericsson/pmic1/CELLTRACE

[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) CELLTRACE]$ ls
ManagedElement=ENB305 MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1
[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) CELLTRACE]$ cd ManagedElement=ENB305
[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) ManagedElement=ENB305]$ ls
A20211106.1745+0100-1800+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz
A20211106.1800+0100-1815+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz
A20211106.1815+0100-1830+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz
A20211106.1830+0100-1845+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz
A20211106.1845+0100-1900+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz
A20211106.1900+0100-1915+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz

)
A20211106.1915+0100-1930+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz

re
A20211106.1930+0100-1945+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz

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[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) ManagedElement=ENB305]$ lteCellTraceFileDecoder A20211106.1930+0100-
1945+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz

ct
Decoding file:A20211106.1930+0100-1945+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.bin.gz

e
Done. Output file is /ericsson/tfd_cli_output/LTE_CELLTRACE/A20211106.1930+0100-1945+0100_ManagedElement=ENB305_celltracefile_DUL1_1.csv.gz

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[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) ManagedElement=ENB305]$

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Decoding NR Cell Trace Files on ENM

[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) ~]$ cd /ericsson/pmic1/CELLTRACE

[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) CELLTRACE]$ ls
ManagedElement=ENB305 MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1
[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) CELLTRACE]$ cd MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1
[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1]$ ls
A20211106.1800+0100-1815+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz
A20211106.1815+0100-1830+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz
A20211106.1830+0100-1845+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz
A20211106.1845+0100-1900+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz
A20211106.1900+0100-1915+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz
A20211106.1915+0100-1930+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz

)
A20211106.1930+0100-1945+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz

re
A20211106.1945+0100-2000+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz

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[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1]$ nrCellTraceFileDecoder A20211106.1945+0100-
2000+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz

ct
For a list of nr cell trace events that support decoding using this decoder, please run command 'listDecoderSupportedNrEvents’

e
Decoding file:A20211106.1945+0100-2000+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.gpb.gz

eL
Done. Output file is /ericsson/tfd_cli_output/NR_CELLTRACE/A20211106.1945+0100-2000+0100_MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1_celltracefile_CUCP0_1_1.csv.gz
[stsvp7enm11-45@stsvp7enm11-scp-0(stsvp7enm11) MeContext=GNB306,ManagedElement=1]$

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Decoding UE Trace Files on ENM

Decoding files on eNodeB

[EFDUser@scp-1-scripting ~]$ lteUeTraceFileDecoder /ericsson/pmic1/UETRACE/ERBS/123456789ABC/A20160308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=LTESubNetwork,MeContext=LT
E01ERBS00057_123456789ABC_123456789ABCDEF_uetracefile.bin.gz
Decoding file:A20160308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=LTESubNetwork,MeContext=LTE01ERBS00057_123456789ABC_123456789ABCDEF_uetracefile.bin.gz
Done. Output file is /ericsson/tfd_cli_output/LTE_UETRACE/A20160308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=LTESubNetwork,MeContext=LTE01ERBS00057_123456789ABC_123456789
ABCDEF_uetracefile.csv.gz
[EFDUser@scp-1-scripting ~]$

Decoding files on gNodeB

[EFDUser@scp-1-scripting ~]$ nrUeTraceFileDecoder A20200308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=NRSubNetwork,MeContext=NR01NR45600057_216354010001_4eZakHiCiHakCyZw

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LuroWZdW1i44wvzDvXVH_yjjpYI=_uetracefile_CUCP1.gpb.gz
For a list of nr ue trace events that support decoding using this decoder, please run command 'listDecoderSupportedNrEvents'

u
Decoding file:A20200308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=NRSubNetwork,MeContext=NR01NR45600057_216354010001_4eZakHiCiHakCyZwLuroWZdW1i44wvzDvXVH_yjjpYI=_ue

ct
tracefile_CUCP1.gpb.gz
Done. Output file is /ericsson/tfd_cli_output/NR_UETRACE/A20200308.1315+0000-1330+0000_SubNetwork=NRSubNetwork,MeContext=NR01NR45600057_216354010001_4eZakHiCiHa

e
kCyZwLuroWZdW1i44wvzDvXVH_yjjpYI=_uetracefile_CUCP1.csv.gz

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[EFDUser@scp-1-scripting ~]$

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example CSV File

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Advanced MO Scripting
(AMOS) for 5G RAN NR

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

AMOS PM Commands
1. Pst (list all scanners)

2. Pgets (show contents of scanner)

3. Pmom (show counter details)

4. Pmx (show counter value from last ROP)

5. Pmx -m 1 (show counter value from last hour)

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6. Pget (show counter value directly from MO)

u
ct
7. Pdiff (show counter value difference in 30 sec)

e
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8. Pmr (show KPIs)

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Example KPI Report from Live gNodeB

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Ericsson Network Design

and Optimization
Cognitive Software Tools

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5G RAN NR Performance Management

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Network Design and Optimization Cognitive Software

Tools

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Cognitive Optimization Inputs and Deliverables

Inputs Deliverables

Customized reporting
Network topology • Predefined reports for Audit (Swapped feeders, PCI confusion/Collision…)
• Physical site location including cell azimuth and coordinates • Predefined reports for Troubleshooting (Worst cell list at different levels)
• Predefined reports for Configuration checks (Features, parameters HW…)

Configuration Data (CM)

• Existing and sites/cells for target area for all frequency bands Flexible reporting
• Any imported item can be added to custom report
Network Statistics (PM) • Flexible and on-the-fly KPI modification
• Including specific counters to be activated for specific KPIs • Custom template importation

)
Alarms (FM)
S-KPI distributions at cell level

re
• Achievable throughput. Reflecting radio resources, load and RF

u
conditions

ct
• Web page download time. Probability distribution to load a given
web page in 4, 6 and 10 seconds

e
• Video Resolution. Probability distribution for YouTube videos been

eL
played at 480p, 720p, 1080p and 1440p resolutions

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

Cognitive Optimization Demo Video

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 5G RAN NR Performance Management (eLecture)

More Information on Ericsson Cognitive Software Tools

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