21AI602 - DATA VISUALIZATION

UNIT 1 – INTRODUCTION TO DATA VISUALIZATION

LP 4 – Data visualization tools- Image Visualization
1. Data Visualization Tools:
 Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.
 By using visual elements like charts, graphs, and maps, data visualization tools provide
an accessible way to see and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in data.
 If you search for “data visualization software,” you’ll find hundreds of different
options.
 That’s a lot of options to choose from, so to help you narrow it down, we’ve compiled
a list of our top 11 tools in this section.

1. Microsoft Excel

 Microsoft Excel is the oldest (and likely best known) program on this list.
 Launched by Microsoft in 1987, Excel allows you to create tables, charts, and roughly
20 other visualizations.
 Allows you to import and export data quickly and in many file types
 Fig MS Excel
2. Microsoft Power BI

 Microsoft Power BI is Excel’s younger and brighter cousin.

 Power BI allows you to create data visualizations individually or within reports.
 An artificial intelligence (AI) program that can prepare and analyze data automatically
 Fully customizable dashboards
 Real-time visualizations

Fig Microsoft Power BI Dashboard

3. Google Charts

 Google Charts is a web-based tool that can create simple visualizations from small and
large datasets.
 You can build visualizations to publish onto your website with Google Charts.
 Cross-browser compatibility: Your visualizations will work on other (non-Microsoft)
browsers like Safari, Mozilla Firefox, and Google Chrome
 Fig Google Charts
4. Tableau

 Tableau is a powerful and well-known data visualization tool that allows you to analyze
data from multiple sources at once. Salesforce owns Tableau.
 An AI tool that explains why your dataset has outliers (outliers are data points that are
abnormally different from other data points)
 A self-service data preparation tool that can create visualizations according to your
instructions

Fig Tableau Dashbaord

5. Zoho Analytics

 Zoho Analytics is a data visualization tool loved by over 2 million users — including
employees at big brands like HP, Hyundai, and Suzuki.
 Multi-user collaboration: You can grant other users permission to view and edit your
visualizations
 You can embed Zoho visualizations into your website with little or no code
 Integrates with over 500 apps (including Google Ads, Salesforce, and many social
media platforms)
 It’s easy to learn Zoho Analytics as Zoho has produced video tutorials, webinars, and a
product tour for users
 Fig Zoho Analytics

2. Image Visualization:
 A process of converting (rendering) image pixel/voxel into 2D/3D graphical
representation. Most computers support 8-bit (256) grayscale display, sufficient to
human vision that can only resolve 32-64 grayscale.
 A common 12/16-bit (4096/65536 grayscales) medical image can be selectively
displayed based on grayscale classification.
 Window width (display range in grayscale) and linear level function (center of the
window width) are frequently used in adjusting display content.
 Image visualization involves representing and interpreting information from images in
a visual format.
 This can be crucial in fields such as medical imaging, remote sensing, computer vision,
and more.
 The process of image visualization often involves techniques that enhance, analyze, or
convey information from images. Techniques related to image visualization:

Color Mapping:

 Assigning colors to different pixel values can enhance the visual representation of an
image.
 Grayscale images can be mapped to a color scale, where different colors represent
different intensity levels.
Histogram Equalization:
  A technique used to adjust the exposure of an image, improving contrast and making
details more visible.

Image Filtering:

 Applying filters like blurring, sharpening, or edge detection to highlight specific

features or remove noise.

False Color Imaging:

 Representing different bands of an image with different colors, often used in remote
sensing and medical imaging.

Layering and Overlay:

 Combining multiple images or layers to visualize different aspects of the data

simultaneously.

Image Segmentation:

 Dividing an image into segments to analyze and understand different regions or objects
within the image.

Heatmaps:

 Representing data values in a 2D space using color gradients, commonly used for
visualizing intensity or concentration in an image.

3D Visualization:

 Creating three-dimensional representations of image data to better understand

volumetric information.

Interactive Visualization:

 Allowing users to interact with the image, zoom in, pan, or apply filters dynamically.

Feature Visualization:

 Emphasizing specific features or patterns in an image to aid in interpretation.

Annotation and Labeling:

 Adding text or symbols to highlight specific regions or features in an image.

Comparison Visualization:

 Displaying multiple images side by side for comparison or highlighting changes over
time.

Machine Learning Visualization:

 Visualizing the results of machine learning models applied to image data, such as
bounding boxes, segmentation masks, or class labels.