Cluster –IV

1. Explain about harmony in nature.

2. Define harmony in nature and why is it important. Explain with examples.
3. Explain the differences and similarities between animal order and human order. What is
the relation between the two orders?
4. Explain the difference and similarities between pranic order and animal order. What is the
relation between the two orders?
5. Explain about innateness and inheritance of the four orders?
6. What do you mean by ‘innateness’? What is the innateness in the four orders?
7. Explain recyclability and self-regulation in nature.
8. What is recyclability and self -regulation in nature.
9. Define existence? Briefly explain about existence is in a form of co-existence.
10. What do you mean by co-existence? How are units in co-existence being in space?
11. Explain briefly about universal human order?
12. What is universal human order? Explain its significance?
13. Explain the concept of holistic perception of harmony in existence.
14. Explain about harmony in existence.
15. Distinguish between the different orders of the nature
16. Compare the four orders in the nature based on their salient features
17. How is the activity in human order is different with that of animal and plant order?
18. Other than human order, the three orders are mutually fulfilling to each other”. Explain
with examples.
19. How production activities can be enriching to all the orders of nature? Explain with any
two examples.
20. How does the natural characteristics (svabhava) of material order helped man to lead a
better life?
21. Explain the recyclability of any two units in nature with examples. How is it useful for
sustainable production activities?
22. Show how Avartansheel (Recycle) process of production ensures the mutual fulfillment
among the four orders of nature.
23. Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in space?
24. Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in space?
25. Explain the role of human being in ensuring universal human order
26. Explain the role of human being in ensuring universal human order
27. Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive space. Explain.
28. Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive space. Explain.
PEHV NOTES for Cluster IV
1Q. Define harmony in nature. OR Explain the harmony in nature.(OR)
2Q. Define harmony in nature and why is it important. Explain with examples.

Ans: The aggregate of all the mutually interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient
together can be called nature. These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units. This self regulation is
harmony or balance in nature. The law of nature has a unique cause and effect system which must
be understood in order to be in harmony with the natural law of things.
Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons:
1. Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of
non-renewable natural resource can be avoided.
2. Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like – reduction of wind velocity, energy
savings, doing companion planting, development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing
a forest garden, reduction of building heat.
3. It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and
management of educational institution like schools, colleges and universities.
4. One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating
and reflecting upon the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural
synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos at the material plane.

3Q. Explain the differences and similarities between animal order and human
order. What is the relation between the two orders?
Ans:
The two orders can be distinctly recognized in terms of their characteristics, participation with
other units in similar order, activities, pattern of inheritance, etc. We can see this in the following
diagram:
Things (Vastu)
Animal order: The animal order is made of various kinds of animals and birds. These entities
display both a body (physicochemical activity) as well as a conscious activity (self or ‘I’). The
animal order thus is the coexistence of the animal body (pranic order) and the self (or ‘I’ =
consciousness).
Human (knowledge) order: The human order is constituted of all the human beings. Each
human being is coexistence of the self (‘I’, conscious entity = consciousness) and the body
(pranic order).
Activity (Kriya)
Animal Order: Body In Animals – Physico-Chemical Activities: The body displays respiration, or
breathing, or pulsating also there is composition/ decomposition in the body.
‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities: The activities in ‘I’ are fundamentally different from those
in the body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming. Animals make
assumptions. If we have a dog and some strangers come into the house, the dog may start barking
at him. If this person stays at our house, the dog may stops barking at him, but will continue to
bark at other strangers. What has happened here is that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about this person
has changed, due to which; the way in which it responds to the person has changed. We call this
assuming.
Human Order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body, i.e.
composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to consciousness or ‘I’, however, the
human displays more than just an ability to ‘select’ or make choices as animals do. In human
beings, ‘I’ has the activities of desiring, thinking, and selecting/tasting, with a possibility or need
for understanding and realization. Only humans have this need to know and that is why it is called
gyana avastha – the knowledge order.
Innateness (dharana)
Animal Order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level of the body, which is
physicochemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will to live’ in
‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to every unit
in this order.
Human Order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and ‘growth’ are
fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’ however, in
addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live with happiness’.
Natural Characteristics (Svabhava)
Animal Order: The body of the animal belongs to the plant/bio or pranic order, and hence has the
same ‘usefulness’ or ‘value’ as the pranic order. Thus ‘nurture/worsen’ is the svabhava of the
animal body. The svabhava of the self (‘I’) of the animal order is non-cruelty (akrurata) and
cruelty (krurata). Cruelty (krurata) means the feeling that it can fulfil its needs through violence
and forcefulness. For ex., cows may largely be living with a feeling of non-cruelty (akrurata);
while animals like tigers and lions may exhibit cruelty (krurata).
Human Order: Similar as to the case in animals, the human body also belongs to the plant/ bio
order and hence has the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the pranic order. It
either nurtures or worsens other pranic units. As in the example above, when I digest the
vegetable, I absorb the plant and it worsens, while my body is nurtured. The svabhava/ value of
the self (‘I’) in human beings is perseverance (dhirata), bravery (virata) and generosity
(udarata).
1. Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand
and live in harmony at all levels of existence.
2. Bravery (virata): I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding.
3. Generosity (udarata): I am ready to invest myself, my body and wealth to help the other
have the right understanding.
Basic Activity:
Animal Order: there is only recognising, and fulfilment in body, and in self (I) there is the basic
activity of assuming, recognising, fulfilment.
Human Order: human displays the same basic activity as that of animal body i.e. Recognising,
fulfilment, but in self (I) human have one more activity i.e. knowing.
Conformance (Anu-Sangita)
Animal order: Animals conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour is according to
their lineage they belong to, the lineage they come from. Hence, we say that an animal conforms
to its breed, or has ‘breed conformance’. This breed conformance method is the mechanism by
means of which the continuity of an animal species is maintained in nature/existence.
Human (knowledge) order: We humans are not according to our lineage or race, as in animals.
We humans are according to our imagination; according to our desires, thoughts and selection in
‘I’. The desires, thoughts and selections we have in ‘I’ can come from past memories, our parents,
the environment, and the media, anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say ‘as the education,
so the human’. Together, we call these ‘sanskara’. Hence, we say that a human being conforms
to his or her sanskar or has ‘sanskaar conformance’.

4Q. Explain the difference and similarities between pranic order and animal
order. What is the relation between the two orders?
Ans: Plant/bio order: Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also has
the innateness of ‘existence’. In addition, it also exhibits the ‘growth’. This principle of ‘growth’
cannot be separated from any units of this order. If it is of pranic order, it will grow. For example,
if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from growing. It will continue to respire and keep changing
in this way. The only way you can stop it from growing is by cutting it, but when you do that, it
ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays and then belongs to the material order. So, as
long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of the previous order namely ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level
of the body, which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will
to live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to
every unit in this order.
5Q. Explain about innateness and inheritance of the four orders? (OR)

6Q. What do you mean by ‘innateness’? What is the innateness in the four
orders?
Ans: Innateness (dharana): Innateness means qualities which are innate to the unit. Each unit in
existence exhibits an innateness, an intrinsic quality that cannot be separated from it. We refer this
principle as innateness also called dharna of that unit. This is intrinsic to the unit.
Material order: When we burn coal and it has finished burning and only some ash is left and
smokes have gone out, it is not that the basic material, the fundamental particles in coal, have
‘cease to exist’ or ‘disappeared’ from existence. They may not be visible to the eye at that
moment, but they continue to exist, they still are in the form of other matter or in the form of
gases, etc. This is there with all material units. We cannot destroy matter, we can only convert it
from one form to the other. Thus, “to exist”, or ‘existence’ is intrinsic to all material, it is innate to
it. We cannot separate the ‘existence’ of a thing from the thing itself.
Plant/bio order: Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also has the
innateness of ‘existence’. In addition, it also exhibits the ‘growth’. This principle of ‘growth’
cannot be separated from any units of this order. If it is of pranic order, it will grow. For example,
if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from growing. It will continue to respire and keep changing
in this way. The only way you can stop it from growing is by cutting it, but when you do that, it
ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays and then belongs to the material order. So, as
long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of the previous order namely ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level
of the body, which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will
to live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to
every unit in this order.
Human (knowledge) order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and
‘growth’ are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’
however, in addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live with
happiness’.
7Q. and Q8. Explain recyclability and self-regulation in nature.
There are several cyclical processes that we can see in nature. For example the cycle of water,
evaporating, condensing and precipitating back to water giving the weather phenomena. The
cycles keep these materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are similarly
self-regulated in their environment. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so that the
amount of soil, plants and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the number of trees
shoots up and there is a lack of soil for the trees. The appropriateness of the conditions for growth
of both plants and animals are self-regulated in nature keeping the population proportions
naturally maintained. This phenomenon is termed as self-regulation. In a single breed of animals,
the number of males and females generated through procreation is such that the continuity of
species is ensured by itself. This happens with humans too, but inhuman practices have led to
disproportionate numbers of men and women. These two characteristics namely, cyclical nature
and self-regulation provide us with some clues of the harmony that is in nature.

9Q. Define existence? Briefly explain about existence is in a form of co-

existence.

But there is another ‘reality’ called ‘space’. We normally don’t pay attention to this ‘reality’,
because it’s not a ‘unit’. We can’t ‘touch it’, smell it. We normally just ‘see through it’. But the
fact is because we can’t ‘touch it’ or ‘see it’ as we would see a unit like our body, our friends, or a
piece of rock, doesn’t mean it does not exist. Space exists everywhere. Co-existence is a state in
which two or more groups are living together while respecting their differences and
resolving their conflicts non-violently. Coexistence has been defined in numerous ways:
1. To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2. To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3. To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is
trying to destroy the other.
4. To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
EXISTENCE
Nature submerged in Space
(Collection of units) (Empty)
Limited Unlimited
Active No activity
Energized Equilibrium energy
Recognizes and fulfils the relation All reflecting, transparent
Self organized Self organized is available
Unit All pervasive
Abundance with diversity All pervasive
Consciousness (I) – Nirantar Nitya
Material- Anitya (Ulimited in space and time)
(Niranatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and time)
When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then we see the
units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in space. If we were to
define this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in existence and these are: space and
units (in space). So we say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we can say,
“Existence = Nature submerged in space”.
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Human Order)

10Q. what do you mean by co-existence? How are units in co-existence being in
space?
Ans: All the units together constitute nature. All the units of nature exist in space which is an
important reality to understand. Existence is nothing but the nature in space.
Existence = Exist + Essence, whatever exists.
¯ ¯
To be harmony
We define unit as something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human hair to the
biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size, i.e. bounded on six sides. So, all the
‘things’ we have been studying so far: the human beings, animals, lumps of matter as well as
various atoms and molecules, are all ‘units’. We can recognize them as such, they are countable.
But there is another ‘reality’ called ‘space’. We normally don’t pay attention to this ‘reality’,
because it’s not a ‘unit’. We can’t ‘touch it’, smell it. We normally just ‘see through it’. But the
fact is because we can’t ‘touch it’ or ‘see it’ as we would see a unit like our body, our friends, or a
piece of rock, doesn’t mean it does not exist. Space exists everywhere. Co-existence is a state in
which two or more groups are living together while respecting their differences and
resolving their conflicts non-violently. Coexistence has been defined in numerous ways:
1. To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2. To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3. To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is
trying to destroy the other.
4. To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
EXISTENCE
Nature submerged in Space
(Collection of units) (Empty)
Limited Unlimited
Active No activity
Energized Equilibrium energy
Recognizes and fulfils the relation All reflecting, transparent
Self organized Self organized is available
Unit All pervasive
Abundance with diversity All pervasive
Consciousness (I) – Nirantar Nitya
Material- Anitya (Ulimited in space and time)
(Niranatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and time)
When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then we see the
units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in space. If we were to
define this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in existence and these are: space and
units (in space). So we say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we can say,
“Existence = Nature submerged in space”.
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Human Order)

11Q. Explain briefly about universal human order?

(OR)
12Q. what is universal human order? Explain its significance?
Ans: Universal human order (sarvabhauma vyavastha) is a feeling of being related to every unit
including human beings and other entities of nature. Having understood the comprehensive
human goal, we are able to be in harmony not only with human beings, but also with the rest of
the nature. We are able to see that we are related to every unit in nature and ensure mutual
fulfilment in that relationship. On the bases of understanding of harmony, we get the notion of an
undivided society and universal human order. The universal human order will comprise of:
1. The five dimensions of human endeavor (education, health etc.) towards a fragmented
society.
2. The steps of organization from family to world family, each anchored in right understanding
will integrated in the following way:
Family Þ family cluster Þ village / community Þ village cluster Þ Þ Þ world family

Q13 Explain the concept of holistic perception of harmony in existence.(OR)

Q14 Explain about harmony in existence.
Ans: The existence is units in space. Space is the empty area all around. The units are of
two types: material (insentient) and conscious (the sentient ‘I’). The material units are
transformable, and their composition keeps on changing, hence these are gathansheel. The
other category of units, the sentient ‘I’, does not transform and are complete in
composition, hence gathanpurna. The material units are changeful (with activities of
recognizing and fulfilment only) while the other kinds of units are continuous (with
activities of knowing, assuming, recognizing and fulfilment). The material units are
available in two orders – material order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom
combines with another atom to form a molecule; a molecule similarly forms a molecular
structure. Molecular structures are found in two forms: lumps and fluids. Fluids give
nutrition to pranic order. In pranic order, the smallest units are plant cells which combine
with other cells to form plants, animal bodies and human bodies. The co-existence of ‘I’
with the animal body becomes the animal order, and the co-existence of ‘I’ with the
human body becomes the human order. Completion of right understanding in human being
is called kriyapurnata and ability to live with complete understanding is called
acharanpurnata.
 If we look at the left side of the chart, the transformation keeps taking place and the
transformation is cyclic in nature. But on the right hand side, the transitions are acyclic.
This implies that what we have understood continues to stay with us. We will never miss
it. This is a transition in one direction. This is actually called development (vikas).

So, Existence is in the form of co-existence. It is in Harmony. We don’t have to create this
harmony, it already exists. We only have to understand it to be in it. This means that
having the knowledge of self (‘I’) gives me the knowledge of humane conduct (how to
live in existence, with the four orders). With this knowledge, I can live with humane
conduct. This is the pending task we have to complete.

Q15. Distinguish between the different orders of the nature

Ans: Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state, or the aggregate of all the mutually
interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. We can
categorize all these units into four distinct orders.
Þ Material order Þ Pranic order
Þ Animal order Þ Human order
The four orders can be distinctly recognised in terms of their natural characteristics and activities.

Q16. Compare the four orders in the nature based on their salient features
Material order: When we burn coal and it has finished burning and only some ash is left and
smokes have gone out, it is not that the basic material, the fundamental particles in coal, have
‘cease to exist’ or ‘disappeared’ from existence. They may not be visible to the eye at that
moment, but they continue to exist, they still are in the form of other matter or in the form of
gases, etc. This is there with all material units. We cannot destroy matter, we can only convert it
from one form to the other. Thus, “to exist”, or ‘existence’ is intrinsic to all material, it is innate to
it. We cannot separate the ‘existence’ of a thing from the thing itself.
Plant/bio order: Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also has the
innateness of ‘existence’. In addition, it also exhibits the ‘growth’. This principle of ‘growth’
cannot be separated from any units of this order. If it is of pranic order, it will grow. For example,
if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from growing. It will continue to respire and keep changing
in this way. The only way you can stop it from growing is by cutting it, but when you do that, it
ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays and then belongs to the material order. So, as
long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of the previous order namely ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level
of the body, which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will
to live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to
every unit in this order.
Human (knowledge) order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and
‘growth’ are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’
however, in addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live with
happiness’.
Order Things Innateness
Material order Soil, water, metals, etc. Existence
Pranic order Plants and trees Existence + growth
Animal order Animals and birds (Existence + growth) in body + will to live in ‘I’
Human order Human beings (Existence + growth) in body + will to live with
happiness in ‘I’

Q17. How is the activity in human order is different with that of animal and
plant order?
Ans: An activity means something that ‘has motion’ and /or ‘has a result’. The material order is
active in multiple ways, and the same with the plant order or animal order or human order. We are
sitting in a room. But we are active. We are thinking, desiring, the body has breath running, heart
throbbing. The air in the room is blowing. The wall standing constantly also has activity. The
chair in the room is also active. It may not be very visible to our eyes but the chair is still active.
We can understand this activity in two ways:
Ø Things that we see are ‘visibly moving’, through the naked eyes, such as a spinning top, a
moving bus, a running man, are active, and
Ø All things that are ‘visibly stationery’, are not moving, are also active. Like a stationary
chair. The activity of chair is that the wood of the chair is interacting with the environment
and as a result it decays with time.
All units around us, including ourselves, are active, all the time. They are interacting with the
environment. In the activity, there is a state or configuration and motion simultaneously. This
remains all the time.
Order Things Activity
Material order Soil, water, metals, etc. Composition / decomposition
Pranic order Plants and trees Composition / decomposition + respiration
Animal order Animals and birds (Composition / decomposition, respiration)
in body + selection in ‘I’
Human order Human beings (Composition / decomposition, respiration)
in body + (selection, thought, desire) in ‘I’

Material order: All material things (i.e. units in the material order) can be understood as an
activity of ‘units’ coming together to form a bigger unit. We call this ‘composition’. For example,
the chair is made of smaller pieces of wood. Bigger units can also separte from each other to form
smaller units and we call this ‘decomposition’. Like a wooden chair can decay after a few years.
Thus any unit in the material order can be understood as an ‘activity of
‘composition/decomposition’.
Plant/bio order: When we look at all the units that make up the plant/bio order we will find that
they can be understood in terms of composition/ decomposition and respiration. Not only do
plants compose (following new plants) and decompose (decaying), they are also breathing, or
pulsating, which we call respiration.
Animal order: We can understand the activities of animal order in two aspects:
• Body In Animals – Physicochemical Activities The body displays the same activities that we
see the plant. The body displays respiration, or breathing, or pulsating, as we call it. The body is
also formed at one point in time and keeps building cells as well, i.e. there is composition in the
body. Hence, the activities in the body are the same as that in the plant/bio order, which are:
composition/ decomposition and respiration. Hence, we say that the body belongs to plant/bio
order.
• ‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities The activities in ‘I’ are fundamentally different from
those in the body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming. Animals make
assumptions. If you have a dog and some strangers come into the house, the dog may start barking
at him. If this person stays at your house, the dog may stops barking at him, but will continue to
bark at other strangers. What has happened here is that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about this person
has changed, due to which; the way in which it responds to the person has changed. We call this
assuming.
It is important to note that this consciousness or faculty of assuming is not in the body. The
body belongs to the plant/bio order, and is physicochemical in nature. It just responds to
physicochemical inputs.
Human (knowledge) order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body,
and we have seen this in detail as: composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to
consciousness or ‘I’, however, the human displays more than just an ability to ‘select’ or make
choices as animals do.
Thus, in human beings, ‘I’ has the activities of desiring, thinking, and selecting/tasting, with a
possibility or need for understanding and realization. Only humans have this need to know and
that is why it is called gyana avastha – the knowledge order.

Q18. Other than human order, the three orders are mutually fulfilling to each
other”. Explain with examples.
Ans: In the nature, all the units are connected to each other and fulfilling each other.
Human being is related to all other human beings. On this basis, we have feelings and
emotions for everyone. Human being is connected to all the material units in the
 existence and gets aware of it as he starts exploring it. We can see this
interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in the following diagram:
Material Order and Plant/Bio-Order: The material order provides the nutrients to the
plant/bio order in the form of soil, minerals, etc while the plant/ bio order decays and
forms more nutrients, thus enriching the soil. The plant/bio order also decays to
substances like oil and coal, which are stored deep within the earth as protection against
the heat from the molten core inside the earth as well as the heat from the sun (today,
this is the material we are removing and using as fuel). Plants help move the nutrients
through the various layers of the soil. The roots of the plants hold the soil together and
prevent the soil from erosion. Plants produce oxygen/ carbon dioxide and thus help in
the movement of the material order. There is a mutual interdependency and co-
existence we can see here.

Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order and Animal Order: The material order provides
the basis for movement of all animals, birds and fishes. Water, oxygen and other gases
are necessities for both plants and animals. At the same time, the animal order helps
enrich the soil with its excreta and these excreta help the plants with nutrients. The
plant/bio order provides food for animals, birds and fishes. The animal Order helps in
pollination of the flowers of the pranic order.
Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order, Animal Order and Human Order: We humans
also have a natural acceptance to be mutually fulfilling to these three orders. However, we
are not able to ensure this mutual fulfillment. We are dependent on the material order
for soil and minerals and metals, but only end up polluting the soil and depleting the fossil
fuels; we are dependent on plants for our food and holding together the larger ecosystem,
but we have destroyed forests and destroyed multiple species of plants and herbs; we are
dependent on animals to carry out our production and transportation activities, but have
made many species of animals extinct, and are today known for our cruelty towards
animals. We can see that there is interconnectedness and mutual fulfillment in all the
orders of nature except human order. We have to work on this.
Q19. How production activities can be enriching to all the orders of nature?
Explain with any two examples.

There is need for the development for mankind to rise from animal consciousness
to the human consciousness. This is possible mainly through 'Shiksha and Sanskar"
this develops right understanding in human being. The journey towards right
understanding in fact brings a transformation in the human being from animal
consciousness to human consciousness. Self-exploration initiates the development
process of our consciousness. Accordingly it affects a change in one’s goal
priorities and selection criteria. In animal consciousness we gave weightage to
physical facility, to the maximization of sensory pleasures, to accumulation of
wealth. Our criteria of evolution are primarily body-centric, targeted towards
maximization of comforts. As we transform to the human consciousness, we are
able to base our thoughts and activities in right understanding, give relationship a
higher priority, than physical facilities, identifying our physical needs and ensure it
through production, enriching rest of the nature. We will slowly start getting rid of
the contradictions and conflicts within and attain a state where one is able to
answer his/her questions by exploring within the self. This will individual get rid of
the tension, frustration, depression, one-manship and other such situations that
he/she does not want to be in and will facilitate definite and predictable human
conduct in him/her.

Q20. How does the natural characteristics (svabhava) of material order helped
man to lead a better life?

Ans: Competence of living in accordance with universal human values or the participation of a
unit in the larger order- its natural characteristics or svabhava. Values are a part of our ethical
conduct. They are the natural outcome of realization and right understanding, which are always
definite. Values need not to be imposed through fear, greed or blind belief. The vastu mulya
(values of Human Being in the Interaction with the Rest of the Nature) is the participation of the
human being with the rest of the nature. It is further categorized as:

1. Utility Value (Upyogita Mulya): The participation of human being in ensuring the role of
physical facility in nurture, protection and providing means for the body.

2. Artistic value (kala mulya): The participation of a human being in ensuring the role of
physical facility to help and preserve its utility.

For example, the utility value of a pen is that it aids in writing. This provides a means to the body.
Providing a cap to the pen so that the ink does not spill, a proper design for holding of the pen
while writing, etc. preserve the utility of the pen. A shirt has the utility that it protects the body.
This is its utility value. Designing the shirt so that it can be easily put on is the artistic value.

Q21. Explain the recyclability of any two units in nature with examples. How is
it useful for sustainable production activities?
Ans: There are several cyclical processes that we can see in nature. For example the cycle of water,
evaporating, condensing and precipitating back to water giving the weather phenomena. The cycles keep
these materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are similarly self-regulated in
their environment. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so that the amount of soil, plants
and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the number of trees shoots up and there is a lack
of soil for the trees. The appropriateness of the conditions for growth of both plants and animals are self-
regulated in nature keeping the population proportions naturally maintained. This phenomenon is
termed as self-regulation. In a single breed of animals, the number of males and females generated
through procreation is such that the continuity of species is ensured by itself. This happens with humans
too, but inhuman practices have led to disproportionate numbers of men and women. These two
characteristics namely, cyclical nature and self-regulation provide us with some clues of the harmony that
is in nature.
Q22. Show how Avartansheel (Recycle) process of production ensures the
mutual fulfillment among the four orders of nature.

Ans: The implications of value based living can be understood in the following terms:

1.At the level of the individual – Achieve happiness, peace, contentment and bliss in the
self, perseverance, bravery and generosity in living of the individual. The individual get rid
of the tensions, frustrations, depression, and other such situations

2. At the level of the family - Mutual fulfillment in relationships, prosperity in the family,
sustenance of joint families, family as the building block of societal order in place of law
enforcing bodies, respect for all without differentiation on the basis of age, gender, caste,
race, money, post, creed, etc.

3. At the level of the society – Fearlessness in the society, holistic systems for education,
health, justice, production, exchange and storage, harmony between nations, world growing
as a family. Differentiations on the basis of body, physical facilities and beliefs will be
reduced.

4. At the level of nature – Co-existence of all units in nature, earth getting more and more
suited for sustenance of all entities on the globe, balance of seasons, proper development.
The problems of pollution and resource depletion can be solved.
23.Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in
space? (OR)
24.Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in
space? (OR)
25.Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive
space. Explain. (OR)
26.Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive
space. Explain
Ans: All the units together constitute nature. All the units of nature exist in space which
is an important reality to understand. Existence is nothing but the nature in space.
Existence = Exist + Essence, whatever exists.

To be harmony

We define unit as something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human hair to
the biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size, i.e. bounded on six sides.
So, all the ‘things’ we have been studying so far: the human beings, animals, lumps of
matter as well as various atoms and molecules, are all ‘units’. We can recognize them
as such, they are countable.

But there is another ‘reality’ called ‘space’. We normally don’t pay attention to this
‘reality’, because it’s not a ‘unit’. We can’t ‘touch it’, smell it. We normally just ‘see
through it’. But the fact is because we can’t ‘touch it’ or ‘see it’ as we would see a unit
like our body, our friends, or a piece of rock, doesn’t mean it does not exist. Space
exists everywhere. Co-existence is a state in which two or more groups are living
together while respecting their differences and resolving their conflicts non-violently.
Coexistence has been defined in numerous ways:

1. To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.

2. To learn to recognize and live with difference.

3. To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is

trying to destroy the other.

4. To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.

EXISTENCE

Nature submerged in Space

(Collection of units) (Empty)

Limited Unlimited
 Active No activity

Energized Equilibrium energy

Recognizes and fulfils the relation All reflecting, transparent

Self organized Self organized is available

Unit All pervasive

Abundance with diversity All pervasive

Consciousness (I) – Nirantar Nitya

Material- Anitya (Ulimited in space and time)

(Niranatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and time)

When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then we see
the units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in space. If
we were to define this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in existence
and these are: space and units (in space). So we say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we can say,
“Existence = Nature submerged in space”.
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Human Order)
27.Explain the role of human being in ensuring universal human order
(OR)
28. Explain the role of human being in ensuring universal human order
Ans: Competence of living in accordance with universal human values or the participation of a
unit in the larger order- its natural characteristics or svabhava. Values are a part of our ethical
conduct. They are the natural outcome of realization and right understanding, which are always
definite. Values need not to be imposed through fear, greed or blind belief. The vastu mulya
(values of Human Being in the Interaction with the Rest of the Nature) is the participation of the
human being with the rest of the nature. It is further categorized as:
1. Utility Value (Upyogita Mulya): The participation of human being in ensuring the role of
physical facility in nurture, protection and providing means for the body.
2. Artistic value (kala mulya): The participation of a human being in ensuring the role of
physical facility to help and preserve its utility.
For example, the utility value of a pen is that it aids in writing. This provides a means to the body.
Providing a cap to the pen so that the ink does not spill, a proper design for holding of the pen
while writing, etc. preserve the utility of the pen. A shirt has the utility that it protects the body.
This is its utility value. Designing the shirt so that it can be easily put on is the artistic value.