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Human Values

1. Nature consists of all interacting units, both living and non-living. There is a dynamic balance and self-regulation between these units, known as harmony or balance in nature. 2. Co-existence in nature means different entities live together respecting differences and resolving conflicts non-violently. Co-existence allows diversity to maximize the beauty of existence through peaceful harmony. 3. A human conforms to their sanskaras or values developed during upbringing. Humans are shaped more by their own thoughts and selections than their parents or environment.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3K views24 pages

Human Values

1. Nature consists of all interacting units, both living and non-living. There is a dynamic balance and self-regulation between these units, known as harmony or balance in nature. 2. Co-existence in nature means different entities live together respecting differences and resolving conflicts non-violently. Co-existence allows diversity to maximize the beauty of existence through peaceful harmony. 3. A human conforms to their sanskaras or values developed during upbringing. Humans are shaped more by their own thoughts and selections than their parents or environment.

Uploaded by

Himanshu Dargan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 4

Harmony in nature- The aggregate of all the mutually interacting units – big or
small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. These units are infinite in
number and we could easily observe that there exists a dynamic
balance, self regulation among all these units. This self regulation is harmony or balance
in nature. The law of nature has a unique cause and effect system which must be
understood in order to be in harmony with the natural law of things. Natural harmony is
necessary for the following reasons:
1.Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of
non-renewable natural resource can be aboided.
2.Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like –reduction of wind velocity, energy
savings, doing companion planting, development of an eco-subsystem in terms of
establishing a forest garden, reduction of building heat.
3.It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and
management of educational institution like schools, colleges and universities.
4.One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating
and reflecting upon the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural
systhesis in the midst ofongoing chaos at the material plane.

Co-existence- Co-existence in nature means there is a relationship and


complementarity among all the entities in nature including human beings. Co-existence is
a state in which two or more groups are living togetherwhile respecting their differences
and resolving their conflicts non-violently. Co-existence has been defined in numerous
ways:
1.To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2.To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3.To have a relationship between persons or groups inwhich none of the parties is trying
to destroy the other.
4.To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance. The world is full of
Diversity – there are different nations, cultures, religions, communities, languages, and
beliefs. The beauty of existence canonly be maximized if everything in this world is in
harmony. Peaceful, symbiotic co-existence is the key to harmony in the world.
‘Existence is Gathansheel and Gathanpurna and also there is Kriyapurnata
and Acharanpurnata in existence’-
Gathansheel: The material units are transformable, and their composition keeps on
changing, hence these are gathansheel.
Gathanpurna: The other category of units the sentient ‘I’, do not transform and are
complete in composition, hence gathanpurna.
Kriyapurnata: Completion of right understanding in human being iscalled kriyapurnata.
Acharanpurnata: Ability to live with complete understanding is called acharanpurnata.
.
The material units are transformable, and their composition keeps on changing,
hence these are gathansheel. The other category of units, the sentient ‘I’, do not transform
and are complete in composition
, hence gathanpurna.
The material units are changeful (with activities of recognizing and fulfillment
only) while the otherkind of units are continuous (with activities of knowing,
assuming,recognizing and fulfillment). The material units are available in two orders –
material order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom combines with another
atom to form a molecule, a molecule similarly forms a molecular structure.
Molecular structures are found in two forms: lumps and fluids. Fluids give
nutrition to pranic order. In pranic order, the smallest units are plant cells which combine
with other cells to form plants, animal bodies and human bodies.
The co-existence of ‘I’ with the animal body becomes the animal order, and the co-
existence of ‘I’ with the human body becomes the human order. Completion of right
understanding in human being is called kriyapurnataand ability to live with complete
understanding is called acharanpurnata.

.
Sanskaar- Sanskaar means the values that a person gets at thetime of his upbringing.
We can see that we humans are not according to our lineage or race, as in animals. We
may pick up something from our parents as we grow up, but we are usually very different
in many ways from them. We humans are according to our imagination; according to our
desires, thoughts and selection in ‘I’. the desires, thoughts and selections we have in ‘I’
can come from anywhere. It can come from past memories, it can come from our
parents,the environment, the media, anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say ‘as the
education, so the human’. We are according to our desires, thoughts and
selections.Together, we call these ‘sanskara’. Hence, we say that a human being
comforms to his or hersanskar or has ‘sanskaar conformance’. Order Things
Conformance Human order Human beings Right values / sanskara conformance

Nature- All the physical objects that are in solid, liquid or gas state either living or
non living, collectively termed as nature. In other words, the aggregate of all the mutually
interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. These
units are infinte in number and we could easily observe that there exists a dynamic
balance, self regulation among all these units. There are four orders of nature:
•Material order
•Pranic order
•Animal order
•Human order
Explain "As the seed, thus the plant"- As the seed, thus the plant, it means
in plant order there is a seed conformance. The plant grown from a seed will have the
same qualities that were present in the seed. A neem seed will always sprout a neem
plant. All of us know this. Its fruits, its leaves,the taste of the leaves, the colour of the
leaves,all this information, this basic information of every neem plant is stored in the
seed. Thus, we say the plant is always as the seed, or we can say, ‘as the seed, thus the
plant’. Hence, we say that a plant conforms to the seed, or has ‘seed comformance’. This
‘seed comformance’ method is the mechanism by means of which the continuity of a
plant species is mentained in nature/existence.
Innateness(Dhaarna); innateness in the four orders-
Innateness (dharana) : Innateness means qualities which are innate to the unit. Each unit
in existence exhibits an innateness, an intrinsic quality that cannot be seperated from it.
We refer this priciple as innateness also called dharna of that unit. This is inrinsic to the
unit.
Material order:- When we burn coal and it has finished burning and only some ash is
left and smokes have gone out, it is not that the basic material, the fundamental particles
in coal, have ‘cease to exist’ or ‘disappeared’ from existence. They may not be visible to
the eye at that moment, but they continue to exist, they still are in the form of other
matter or in the form of gases, etc. This is there with all material units. We cannot destroy
matter,we can only convert it from one form to the other. Thus, “to exist”, or
‘existence’is intrinsic to all material, it is innate to it. We cannot separate the ‘existence’
of a thing from the thing itself.
Plant/bio order:- Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also
has the innateness of ‘existence’.In addition, it also exhibits the ‘growth’. This priciple of
‘growth’ cannot be separated from any units of this order. If it is ofpranic order, it will
grow. For example, if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from growing. It will continue
to respire and keep changing in this way. The only way you can stop it from growing is
by cutting it, but when you do that, it ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays
and then belongs to the material order. So, as long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order:- The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therfore this
order inherits the innateness of the previous order namely ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This
is at the level of the body, which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in
this order have the ‘will to live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be seperated from
this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to every unit in this order.
Human (knowledge) order:- When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’
and ‘growth’ are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the
level of ‘I’ however, in addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the
‘will to live with happiness’.
Svabhava (natural characteristic);Svabhava of a human order.
When we look at the different orders in nature, we find that each order has a certain
value. In a fundamental way, this is the ‘usefulness’ or ‘participation’ of the order in
existence. This ‘value’ or ‘participation’ is also referred to as “natural characteristic”. The
‘characteristic’ the order displays in ‘natural to itself’. This is the same as the value of the
entity, or its participation also called ‘svabhava’. The svabhava of material order is
‘composition/decomposition’, of Plant/bio order is ‘composition/decomposition’ and to
nurture or worsen other pranic units. The svabhav of animal order and human order can
be understood in two aspects: body and self. The svabhav of animal order is
Composition/ decomposition, nurture / worsen in body and non cruelty, cruelty in ‘I’. The
svabhav of human order is Composition / decomposition, nurture / worsen in body and
perseverance, bravery, generosity in ‘I’. Similar as to the case in animals, the human
body also belongs to the plant/ bio order and hence has the same svabhava or
value/natural characteristic as the pranic order. It either nurtures or worsens other pranic
units.
As in the example above, when I digest the vegetable, I absorb the plant and it
worsens, while my body is nurtured. The svabhava/ value of the self (‘I’) in human
beings is perseverance (dhirata), bravery (virata) and generosity (udarata).
•Perseverance (dhirata):Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to
understand and live in harmony at all levels of existence, living with this commitment
without any perturbation.
•Bravery (virata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution isto understand and
live in harmony at all levels and I am ready to help the other to have the right
understanding. This is the commitment to help the other have the right understanding of
the harmony and living at all levels of existence.
•Generosity (udarata):Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand
and live in harmony at all the four levels and I am ready to invest myself, my body and
wealth to help the other have the right understanding. Human beings are not living as per
this natural characteristic; even though we have a svabhava, we are not living according
to this. This is basic reason for the contradiction and conflict that we see in human being.
This is what leads to a state of unhappiness. Only when we live according to our basic
human characteristics as mentioned above, we have definite character, otherwise, it is not
definite, it is uncertain, unlike other three orders as discussed above.

Harmony in nature-If one is to enjoy the benefit of life to the fullest, it is


necessary to develop and maintain harmony. The law of nature has a unique cause and
effect system which must be understood in order to be in harmony with the natural law
of things. Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons:
1.To solve the problem of global warming and depletion of non-renewable natural
resource can be avoided.
2.With trees cure all problems like – reduction of wind velocity, energy savings, doing
companion planting, development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing a forest
garden, reduction of building heat.
3.One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating
and reflecting upon the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural
synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos at the material plane.
First of all we have to understand the importance of nature for our existence then
we have to understand our responsibility towards nature. When we take from nature, we
should also plan to give back to it. This is possible. Renewable energy sources, such as
solar power and wind, are perhaps the best methods to begin moving in this direction.
There can be harmony only if each subsystem of the entire creation can strike a mutually
satisfying relationship with every subsystem without disturbing the other’s peaceful
existence and without hindering its own growth.
How will you create harmony in nature-
Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state is called as nature. In other
words,the aggregate of all the mutually interacting units – big or small, sentient or
insentient together can be called nature. These units are infinite in number and we could
easily observe that there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units.
The law of nature has a unique cause and effect system which must be understood in
order to be in harmony with the natural law of things. Natural harmony is necessary for
the following reasons:
1.Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of
non-renewable natural resource can be avoided.
2.Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like –reduction of wind velocity, energy
savings, doing companion planting, development of an eco-subsystemin terms of
establishing a forest garden, reduction of building heat.
3.It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and
management of educational institution like schools, colleges and universities.
4.One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating
and reflecting upon the natural order. It is possible to unravel the my
stery of the natural synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos at the material plane.
5.To create harmony in nature, first of all we have to work in the direction of
development of mankind from animal consciousness to human consciousness. And this
entails working for the right understanding
.
The four orders of nature--All the physical objects that are in solid, liquide
or gas state eighter living or non living, collectively termed as nature. In other words, the
aggregate of all the mutually interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient
together can be called nature. These units are infinte in number and we could easily
observe that there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units. There
are four orders of nature:
Material order- The big land mass of the continents, gigantic waterbodies like ocean and
seas, mountains and rivers, the atmosphere above, the heaps of metals and mineral below,
the dense gases and fossil fuels deep below the surface of the earth – all fall into the
material order or padartha avastha. In fact, if we look around beyond the earth, the
material order is visible even in the form of stars, planets, moons and several
astronomical bodies.
Pranic order- Our land mass is covered with grass and small shrubs and they form the
lining on the entire soil. Shrubs, plants and trees form huge forest along with the flora in
the ocean. All of this is the plant/bio order or prana avastha and it is the next big order on
our planet. (The material order is far greater in quantity compared to the plant/bio order)
Animal order-Animals and birds form the third largest order and we call them the
animal order or jiva avastha. Here again, we see that the plant/bio order is far greater in
quantity than the animal order.
Human order- Human are the smallest order and they are referred to as human order or
gyana avastha. Animals are far greater in quantity as compared to the human order.

Differences and similarities between animal order and human


order or relation between the two orders –
The two orders can be distinctly recognised in terms of their characteristics,
participation with other units in similar order, activities, pattern of inheritance, etc. We
can see this in the following diagram:

Things (Vastu)-
Animal order: The animal order is made of various kinds of animals and birds. These
entities display both a body (physico-chemical activity) as well as a conscious activity
(self or ‘I’). The animal order thus is the coexistence of the animal body (pranic order)
and the self (or ‘I’ = consciousness).
Human (knowledge) order: The human order is constituted of all the human beings.
Each human being is co-existence of the self (‘I’, conscious entity = consciousness) and
the body (pranic order).
Activity (Kriya)-
Animal Order: Body In Animals – Physico-Chemical Activities: The body displays
respiration, or breathing, or pulsating also there is composition/ decompositi
on in the body. ‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities: The activities in ‘I’ are
fundamentally different from those inthe body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity
of assuming. Animals make assumptions. If we have a dog and some strangers come into
the house, the dog may start barking at him. If this person stays at our house, the dog may
stops barking at him, but will continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened here
is that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about this person has changed, due to which; the way in
which it responds to the person has changed. We call this assuming.
Human Order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body, i.e.
composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to consciousness or ‘I’,
however, the human displays morethan just an ability to ‘select’ or make choices as
animals do. In human beings, ‘I’ has the activities of desiring, thinking, and
selecting/tasting, with a possibility or need for understanding and realization. Only
humans have this need to know and that is why it iscalled gyana avastha – the knowledge
order.
Innateness (dharana)-
Animal Order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this
order inherits the innateness of ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level of the body,
which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will to
live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is
intrinsic to every unit in this order.
Human Order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and ‘growth’
are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’
however, in addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live
with happiness’.
Natural Characteristics (Svabhava)-
Animal Order: The body of the animal belongs to theplant/bio or pranic order, and
hence has the same ‘usefulness’ or ‘value’ as the pranic order. Thus ‘nurture/worsen’ is
the svabhava of the animal body. The svabhava of the self (‘I’) of the animal order is
non-cruelty (akrurata) and cruelty (krurata). Cruelty (krurata) means the feeling that it
can fulfil its needs through violence and forcefulness. For ex.,cows may largely be living
with a feeling of non-cruelty (akrurata); while animals like tigers and lions may exhibit
cruelty (krurata).
Human Order: Similar as to the case in animals, thehuman body also belongs to the
plant/ bio order and hence has the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the
pranic order. It either nurtures or worsens other pranic units. As in the example above,
when I digest the vegetable, I absorb the plant and it worsens, while my body is nurtured.
The svabhava/ value of the self (‘I’) in human beings is perseverance (dhirata), bravery
(virata) and generosity (udarata).
1. Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to
understand and live in harmony at all levels of existence.
2. Bravery (virata): I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding.
3. Generosity (udarata): I am ready to invest myself, my body and wealth to help the
other have the right understanding.
Basic Activity:
Animal Order: there is only recognising, and fulfilment in body, and in self (I) there is
the basic activity of assuming, recognising, fulfilment.
Human Order: human displays the same basic activityas that of animal body i.e.
Recognising, fulfilment, but in self (I) human have one more activity i.e. knowing,
Conformance (Anu-Sangita)
Animal order:Animals conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour is
according to their lineage they belong to, the lineage they come from.Hence, we say that
an animal conforms to its breed, or has ‘breed conformance’. This breed conformance
method is the mechanism by means of which the continuity of an animal species is
maintained in nature/existence.
Human (knowledge) order:We humans are not according to our lineage or race,as in
animals. We humans are according to our imagination; according to our desires, thoughts
and selection in ‘I’. The desires, thoughts and selections we have in ‘I’ can come from
past memories, our parents, the environment, and the media, anywhere. In the case of
humans, we can say ‘as the education, so the human’. Together, we call these ‘sanskara’.
Hence, we say that a human being conforms to his or her sanskar or has ‘sanskaar
conformance’.
Difference and similarities between pranic order and animal
order or Relation between the two orders-

Activities and natural characteristics of The four orders in


nature-Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state, or the aggregate of all the
mutually interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called
nature. We can categorize all these units into four distinct orders.
•Material order •Pranic order
•Animal order •Human order

The four orders can be distinctly recognised in terms of their natural characteristics and
activities.
Interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in four orders of
nature
.In the nature, all the units are connected to each other and fulfilling each other. Human
being is related to all other human beings. On this basis, we have feelings and emotions
for everyone. Human being is connected to all the material units in the existence and gets
aware of it as he starts exploring it. We can see this interconnectedness and mutual
fulfilment in the following diagram:
Material Order and Plant/Bio-Order:
The material order provides the nutrients to the plant/bio order in the form of soil,
minerals, etc while the plant/ bio order decays and forms more nutrients, thus enriching
the soil. The plant/bio order also decaysto substances like oil and coal, which are stored
deep within the earth as protection against the heat from the molten core inside the earth
as well as the heat from the sun (today, this is the material we are removing and using as
fuel). Plants help move the nutrients through the various layers of the soil. The roots of
the plants hold the soil together and prevent the soil from erosion. Plants produce oxygen/
carbon dioxide and thus help in the movement of the material order. There is a mutual
interdependency and co-existence we can see here.

Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order and Animal Order:


The material order provides the basis for movement of all animals, birds and fishes.
Water, oxygen and other gases are necessities for both plants and animals. At the same
time, the animal order helps enrich the soil with its excreta and this excreta helps the
plants with nutrients. The plant/bio order provides food for animals, birds and fishes. The
animal Order helps in pollination of the flowers of the pranic order.
Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order, Animal Order and Human Order:
We humans also have a natural acceptance to be mutually fulfilling to these three orders.
However, we are not able to ensure this mutual fulfilment.
We are dependent on the material order for soil and minerals and metals, but only end up
polluting the soil and depleting the fossil fuels; we are dependent on plants for our food
and holding together the larger ecosystem, but we have destroyed forests and destroyed
multiple species of plants and herbs; we are dependent on animals to carry out our
production and transportation activities, but have made many species of animals extinct,
and are today known for our cruelty towards animals. We can see that there is
interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in all the orders of nature except human order.
We have to work on this.

Recyclability and Self -Regulation in nature- There are several cyclical processes that
we can see in nature. For example the cycle of water, evaporating, condensing and
precipitating back to water giving the weather phenomena. The cycles keep these
materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are similarly
selfregulated in their environment. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so
that the amount of soil, plants and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the
number of trees shoots up and there is a lack of soil for the trees. The appropriateness of
the conditions for growth of both plants and animals are self-regulated in nature keeping
the population proportions naturally maintained. This phenomenon is termed as self-
regulation. In a single breed of animals, the number of males and females generated
through procreation is such that the continuity of species is ensured by itself. This
happens with humans too, but inhuman practices have led to disproportionate numbers of
men and women. These two characteristics namely, cyclical nature and self-regulation
provide us with some clues of the harmony that is in nature.
Conformance-Each unit conforms through the principle of conformance or
anusangita. It means how the continuity of the fundamental nature of the unit is
preserved.

Material order- The continuity of the fundamental nature of the material unit is
preserved through the physical and chemical processes. Take iron for example. Each
atom of iron comforms to the constitutional structure of ‘Iron’. There is no atom of iron
that will be unlike the other atom of iron, if it were, we would not call it iron. We call this
‘constitution conformance’. The material order exhibits constitution conformance. We
can verify this for all things in the material order. For example, oxygen, nitrogen, other
gasses, gold, silver, aluminium... all of them comform to and are always according to the
Constitution of their kind. Hence, we say that any matter conforms to its constitution or
has ‘constitution conformance’.
Plant/bio order - A neem seed will always sprout a neem plant. All of us know this. Its
fruits, its leaves, the taste of the leaves, the colour of the leaves, all this information, this
basic information of every neem plant is stored in the seed. Thus, we say the plant is
always as the seed, or we can say, ‘as the seed, thus the plant’. Hence, we say thata plant
conforms to the seed, or has ‘seed comformance’. This ‘seed comformance’ method is
the mechanism by means of which the continuity of a plant species is mentained in
nature/existence.
Animal order- We see that a cow is always like a cow, and a dog is always like a dog.
Animals conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour, is according to their
lineage they belong to, the lineage they come from. Hence, we say that
an animal comforms to its breed, or has ‘breed conformance’. This breed conformance
method is the mechanism by means of which the continuity of an animal species is
mentained in nature/existence.
Human (knowledge) order- We can see that we humans are not according to our lineage
or race, as in animals. We may pick up something from our parents as we grow up, but
we are usually very different in many ways from them. We humans are according to our
imagination; according to our desires, thoughts and selection in ‘I’. the desires, thoughts
and selections we have in ‘I’ can come from anywhere. It can come from past memories,
it can come from our parents, the environment, the media, anywhere. In the case of
humans, we can say ‘as theeducation, so the human’. We are according to our desires,
thoughts and selections. Together, we call these ‘sanskara’. Hence, we say that a human
being comforms to his or her sanskar or has ‘sanskaar conformance’.
The activity in human order are different with that of animal and
plant order- An activity means something that ‘has motion’ and /or ‘has a result’.
The material order is active in multiple ways, and the same with the plant order oranimal
order or human order. We are sitting in a room. But we are active. We are thinking,
desiring, the body has breath running, heart throbbing. The air in the room is blowing.
The wall standing constantly also have activity. The chair in the room is also active. It
may not be very visible to our eyes but the chair is still active. We can understand this
activity in two ways:
•Things that we see are ‘visibly moving’, through the naked eyes, such as a spinning top,
a moving bus,a running man, are active, and
•All things that are ‘visibly stationery’, are not moving, are also active. Like a stationary
chair. The activity of chair is that the wood of the chair is interacting with the
environment and as a result it decays with time. All units around us, including oursleves,
are actibe, all the time. They are interacting with the environment. In the activity, there is
a state or configuration and motion simultaneously. This remains all the time.

Material order-All material things (i.e. units in the material order) can be understood as
an acitivity of ‘units’ coming together to form a bigger unit. We call this ‘composition’.
For example, the chair is made of smaller pieces of wood. Bigger units can also separte
from each other to form smaller units and we call this ‘decomposition’. Like a wooden
chair can decay after a few years. Thus any unit in the material order can be understood
as an ‘activity of ‘composition/decomposition’.
Plant/bio order- When we look at all the units that make up the plant/bio order we will
find that they can be understood in terms of composition/ decomposition and respiration.
Not only do plants compose (following new plants) and decompose (decaying), they are
also breathing, or pulsating, which we call respiration.
Animal order- We can understand the activities of animal order in two aspects:
•Body In Animals – Physico-Chemical Activities- The body displays the same
activities that we see the plant. The body displays respiration, or breathing, or pulsating,
as we call it. The body is also formed at one point in time and keeps building cell
s as well, i.e. there is composition in the body. Hence, the activities in the body are the
same as that in the plant/bio order, which are: composition/decomposition and
respiration. Hence, we say that the body belongs to plant/bio order.
•‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities- The activities in ‘I’ are fundamentally different
from those in the body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming.
Animals make assumptions. If you have a dog and some strangers comes into the house,
the dog may start barking at him. If this person stays at your house, the dog may stops
barking at him, but will continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened here is
that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about this person has changed, due to which, the way in
which it responds to the person has changed. We call this assuming.
It is important to note that this consciousness or faculty of assuming is not
in the body.The body belongs to the plant/bio order, and is physico-chemical in nature. It
just responds to physico-chemical inputs.
Human (knowledge) order- The activities in human body are similar to that in the
animal body, and we have seen this in detail as: composition/ decomposition and
respiration. When it comes to consciousness or ‘I’, however, the human displays more
than just an ability to ‘select’ or make choices as animals do.
Thus, in human beings, ‘I’ has the acitvities of desiring, thinking, and
selecting/tasting, with a possibility or need for understanding and realization. Only
humans have this need to know and that is why it is called gyana avastha – the kowledge
order.
The basic activity in the four orders in nature-

In the material and pranic order, there is only recognizing and fulfilment.
Such units do not have the activities of assuming and knowing.Take for example,
hydrogen and oxygen recognise the relation to each other, and combine to form water.
A brick and the other brick have a definite relation, recognise it and get arranged to form
a building. A plant recognises the relation with sun and water, and fulfils it by acting
accordingly. Such activities take place in a similar way all the time, there is no seleciton
involved here. A plant does not choose to turn or not to turn to sun, absorb or not to
absorb water. Similarly, the fan in your room does not choose to rotate clockwise or anti-
clockwise. It turns as per the winding in the motor. No choise.
When we look at the animals and humans, we find selection taking place.
‘Units’ and ‘Space’- There are two kinds of realities in existence: units and space.
Unit is something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human hair to the biggest
planets we know of, they are all limited in size i.e. bounded on six sides. So all the things
we have been studying so far: the human beings, animals, lumps of matter as well as
various atoms and molecules, are all units.We can recognize them as such, they are
countable.Whereas, space is not a unit but it exists, as a reality. We can’t touch it, smell
it. We normally just see through it. It exists everywhere. In other words the empty area all
around the nature is space.
“Nature is limited and space is unlimited.”-
Nature has four orders and there are units in each order. Each unit is limited in size. The
size ranges from being really small (atom) to really big (galaxies). Each and every unit is
finite and limited in size, be it the smallest particle or the biggest galaxies. Space, on the
other hand is unlimited. Space has no ‘size’, unlike units, it is not bounded. So, there is
no beginning or end to space, as there is to units. For example, when we take a book, we
know that it starts and finishes. We say the book is ‘limited’ in size. When we take
space, there is no such thing. There is space behind us, inside us, between us and the
book, between the book and the earth, in the book, in every page of it, inside the page,
and beyond the earth.... all the way till we can imagine. We find that space pervades; it
is all-pervading. Units, on the other hand are not all-pervading. This is how we
recognize them as units.
‘Nature is Self Organized and in space Self-Organization Is Available.’-
Every unit is an organization. A unit recognizes other units and combines to form a
bigger organization. Starting from the atom, to the big galaxy, this organization goes on,
as a self-organization. At every level, we get a self-organization. Sub atomic particles
recognize each other and come together to form atoms. Cells recognize each other and
form organizations like organs and a body. Planetary bodies, solar systems, galaxies are
still bigger organizations. We are not organizing it. We are not supplying it organization
from outside.
When we look at humans, we see that we are self-organized at the level of the
body. We are not organizing the body. We are not doing anything for the coordination
between the heart, kidneys, lungs, eyes, brain, hands, legs, etc. All these are functioning
together. Our input is needed only to provide the required nutrition, and to assist the body
when we fall sick/get injured. At the level of ‘I’, we are not self-organized, but being in
space, self-organization is available to the self (‘I’). That’s why we are in pursuit of
happiness, which is essentially being in harmony. Whenever we are not in harmony, we
are unhappy.
All the units of four orders are self-organized. Noone is organizing them from
outside. No one is supplying this organization. This self-organization is available to units
being in space. Hence, for space, we say ‘self organization is available’.
Existence; existence is in a form of co-existence- All the units together
constitute nature. All the units of nature exist in space which is an important reality to
understand. Existence is nothing but the nature in space.

We define unit as something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human
hair to the biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size, i.e. bounded on six
sides. So, all the ‘things’ we have been studying so far: the human beings, animals, lumps
of matter as well as various atoms and molecules, are all ‘units’. We can recognize them
as such, they are countable
But there is another ‘reality’ called ‘space’. We normally don’t pay attention to this
‘reality’, because it’s not a ‘unit’. We can’t ‘touch it’, smell it. We normally just ‘see
through it’. But the fact is because we can’t ‘touch it’ or ‘see it’ as we would see a unit
like our body, our friends, or a piece of rock, doesn’t mean it does not exist. Space exists
everywhere. Co-existence is a state in which two or more groups are living together
while respecting their differences and resolving their conflicts non-violently. Co-
existence has been defined in numerous ways:
1.To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2.To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3.To have a relationship between persons or groups inwhich none of the parties is trying
to destroy the other.
4.To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.

(Niranatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and time)

When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then
we see the units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in
space. If we were to define this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in
existence and these are: space and units (in space). So we say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we can say,
“Existence = Nature submerged in space”.
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Human Order)
Holistic perception of harmony in existence- The existence is units in
space. Space is the empty area all around. The units are of two types: material
(insentient) and conscious (the sentient ‘I’). The material units are transformable, and
their composition keeps on changing, hence these are gathansheel. The other category of
units, the sentient ‘I’, does not transform and are complete in composition, hence
gathanpurna. The material units are changeful (with activities of recognizing and
fulfilment only) while the other kinds of units are continuous (with activities of knowing,
assuming, recognizing and fulfilment). The material units are available in two orders –
material order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom combines with another
atom to form a molecule; a molecule similarly forms a molecular structure. Molecular
structures are found in two forms: lumps and fluids. Fluids give nutrition to pranic order.
In pranic order, the smallest units are plant cells which combine with other cells to form
plants, animal bodies and human bodies.
The co-existence of ‘I’ with the animal body becomes the animal order, and
the co-existence of ‘I’ with the human body becomes the human order. Completion of
right understanding in human being is called kriyapurnata and ability to live with
complete understanding is called acharanpurnata.
If we look at the left side of the chart, the transformation keeps taking place
and the transformation is cyclic in nature. But on the right hand side, the transitions are
acyclic. This implies that what we have understood continues to stay with us. We will
never miss it. This is a transition in one direction. This is actually called development
(vikas).
So, Existence is in the form of co-existence. It is in Harmony. We don’t have
to create this harmony, it already exists. We only have to understand it to be in it. This
means that having the knowledge of self (‘I’) gives me the knowledge of humane conduct
(how to live in existence, with the four orders). With this knowledge, I can live with
humane conduct. This is the pending task we have to complete.
Energized and Energy in Equilibrium-
What we normally call or consider as energy today, is the ‘transfer of energy’. For
example, when you place water in a vessel on the stove, we say the heat energy from the
flame was transferred to the water in the vessel. Anything that is a unit, has activity,
anything that has activity, is energized. All the particles in the water and the metal stove
are active, very active and energized. Hence we don’t say that space is energized but we
say ‘space is energy in equilibrium’ or it is ‘constant energy’. All units are energized
in space.
This energy is available to all units. In other words, space is equilibrim energy, all
units are in space; all units are energized and active being in space.

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