UHV

UNIT 4

Q 1. Define harmony in nature.

OR
Explain the harmony in nature.

ANS. The aggregate of all the mutually interacting u nits - big or small, sentient or insentient together can be
called nature. These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that there exists a dynamic
balance, self regulation among all these units. This self regulation is harmony or balance in nature. The law of
nature has a unique cause and effect system which must be understood in order to be in harmon y with the
natural law of things.
Natural harmony is necessary for the fo11owing reasons:
1. Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of non-renewable
natural resource can be avoided.
2. Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like - reduction of wind velocity , energy savings, doing
companion planting, development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing a forest garden, reduction
of building heat.
3. It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and management of educational
institution like schools, colleges and universities.
4. One can u nderstand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating and reflecting upon
the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos at
the material plane.

Q 2. What do you mean by co-existence?

ANS. Co-existence in nature means there is a relationship and complementarity among all the entities in nature
including human beings. Co-existence is a state in which two or more groups are living together while
respecting their differences and resolving their conflicts non-violently. Co-existence has been defined in
numerous ways:
1. To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2. To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3. To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is trying to destroy the
other.
4. To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.

The world is full of Diversity - there are different nations, cultures, religions, communities, languages,
and beliefs. The beauty of existence can only be maximized if everything in this world is in harmony. Peaceful,
symbiotic co-existence is the key to harmony in the world.

Q 3. Define the terms Gathansheel, Gathanpurna, Kriyapurnata and Acharanpurnata.

OR

Explain 'Existence is Gathansheel and Gathanpurna and also there is

Kriyapurnata and Acharanpurnata inexistence'.

Ans. Gathansheel: The material units are transformable, and their composition keeps on changing, hence
these are gathansheel.
Gathanpurna: The other category of u nits the sentient 1', do not transform and are complete in

1
composition, hence gathanpurna.
Kriyapurnata: Completion of right u nderstanding in human being is called kriyapurnata
Acharanpurnata: Ability to live with complete understanding is called acharanpurnata.

The material units are transformable, and their composition keeps on changing, hence
these are

gathansheel. The other category of units, the sentient 'I', do not transform and are complete in
composition , hence gathanpurna.

The material units are changeful (with activities of recognizing and fulfillment only) while the other
kind of units are continuous (with activities of knowing, assuming, recognizing and fulfillment).The material
units are available in two orders - material order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom combines
with another atom to form a molecule, a molecule similarly forms a molecular structure . Molecular
structures are found in two forms: lumps and fluids.
Fluids give nutrition to pranic order. In pranic order, the smallest units are plant cells which combine
with other cells to form plants, animal bodies and hu man bodies.
The co-existence of 'I' with the animal body becomes the animal order, and the co-existence of 'I' with
the human body becomes the human order.
Completion of right understanding in human being is called kriyapu rnata and ability to live with
complete understanding is called acharanpurnata.

Q 4. What is sanskaar? Explain its effects or the conformance of the human order.
Ans. Sanskaar means the values that a person gets at the time of his upbringing. We can see that we human s
are not according to our lineage or race, as in animals . We may pick up something from our parents as we
grow up, but we are usually very different in many ways from them. We humans are according to our
imag ination; according to our desires, thoughts and selection in 'I'. the desires, thoughts and selections we
have in 'I' can come from anywhere. It can come from past memories it can come from our parents, the
environment , the media, anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say 'as the education , so the human '. We are
according to our desires, thoughts and selections. Together , we call these 'sanskara' . Hence, we say that a
human being conforms to his or her sanskar or has 'sanskaar conformance' .
Order Things Conformance
Human order Human beings Right values I sanskara conformance

2
Q 5. What exactly is implied by the term- 'nature'? Explain.

Ans. All the physical objects that are in solid, liquid or gas state eighter living or non living, collectively
termed as nature. In other words, the aggregate of all the mutually interacting units - big or small, sentient or
insentient together can be called nature. These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance self regulation among all these units. There are four orders of nature:
• Material order • Animal order • Pranic order • Human order

Q 6. "As the seed, thus the plant". Explain.

Ans. As the seed, thus the plant, it means in plant order there is a seed conformance. The plant grown from a
seed will have the same qualities that were present in the seed. A neem seed will always sprout a neem
plant. All of us know this. Its fruits, its leaves , the taste of the leaves , the colour of the leaves, all this
information, this basic information of every neem plant is stored in the seed. Thus, we say the plant is
always as the seed, or we can say, 'as the seed, thus the plant'. Hence, we say that a plant conforms to the
seed, or has 'seed comformance'. This 'seed comformance' method is the mechanism by means of which
the continuity of a plant species is maintained in nature/existence.

Q 7. What do you mean by 'innateness'?

OR

What is the innateness in the four orders?

OR
What do you understand by the term 'innateness' (dhaarna) in nature?

OR

Explain the innatenss of material and animal order in nature.

Ans. Innateness (dharana) : Innateness means qualities which are innate to the u nit. Each u nit in existence
exhibits an innateness , an intrinsic quality that cannot be seperated from it. We refer this priciple as innateness
also called dharna of that u nit. This is intrinsic to the unit.
Material order When we burn coal and it has finished burning and only some ash is left and smokes have
gone out, it is not that the basic material , the fundamental particles in coal, have 'cease to exist' or 'disappeared'
from existence. They may not be visible to the eye at that moment, but they continue to exist, they still are in
the form of other matter or in the form of gases, etc. This is there with all material units . We cannot destroy
matter, we can only convert it from one form to the other. Thus, "to exist", or 'existence' is intrinsic to all material,
it is innate to it. We cannot separate the 'existence' of a thing from the thing itself.
Plant/bio order Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also has the innateness
of 'existence'. In addition, it also exhibits the 'growfu'. This priciple of 'growth' cannot be separated from any u nits
of this order. If it is of pranic order, it will grow. For example, if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from
growing. It will continue to respire and keep changing in this way. The only way you can stop itfrom growing

3
is by cutting it, but when you do that, it ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays and then belongs
to the material order. So, as long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order inherits
the innateness of the previous order namely 'existence' and 'growth'. This is at the level of the body, which is
physico-chemical in nature. In addition , all units in this order have the 'will to live' in 'I'. Indeed no unit in this
order can be seperated from this 'will to live'. It is intrinsic to every unit in this order.
Human (knowledge) order When we look at the human being, we find that 'existence ' and 'growth' are
fundamentally pre sent in the body. just as in the animal body. At the level of 'I' however, in addition to the
'will to live', a human being's innateness is the 'will to live with happiness'.

Order Innate-ness
Material order Soil, water, metals , etc. Exisetence
Pranic order Animal order

Human order
Plants and trees
Animals and birds
Human beings
Exisetence + growth
(Exisetence + growth) in body + will to live in 'I'
(Exisetence + growth) in body + will to live with
happiness in 'I'

Q 8. What is the svabhava (natural characteristic) of a unit?

OR
Elaborate on the svabhava of a human order.

OR
How does the natural characteristics (svabhava) of material order helped man to lead a
betterlife?

OR
Explain the svabhav of human order and how it helps in living with harmony.

OR
Explain the natural characteristics of the material and pranic orders. Give examples.

OR
What is the natural characteristics (swabhava) of human order? Explain.

ANS. When we look at the different orders in nature, we find that each order has a certain value. In a

4
fundamental way, this is the 'usefulness' or 'participation ' of the order in existence. This 'value' or 'participation'
is also referred to as "natural characteristic". The 'characteristic' the order displays in 'natural to itself . This is the same
as the value of the entity, or its participatio n also called 'svabhava'. The svabhava of material order is
'composition/decomposition ' of Plant!bio order is 'composition/decomposition' and to nurture or worsen other
pranic units. The svabh av of animal order and human order can be understood in two aspects: body and self.
The svabhav of animal order is Composition I decomposition, nurture I worsen in body and non cruelty, cruelty
in 'I'. The svabhav of human order is Composition I decomposition nurture I worsen in body and perseverance,
bravery, generosity in T.
Similar as to the case in animals, the human body also belongs to the plant/ bio order and hence has
the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the pranic order. It either nurtures or worsens other
pranic units. As in the example above, when I digest the vegetable, I absorb the plant and it worsens , while
my body is nurtured. The svabhava/ value of the self ('I') in human beings is perseverance (dhirata),
bravery (virata) and generosity (udarata).

• Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and liv e in
harmony at all levels of existence, living with this commitment withou t any perturbation.
• Bravery (virata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and live in harmony at
all levels and I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding . This is the commitment to help the
other have the right understanding of the harmony and living at all levels of existence.
• Generosity (udarata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and live in
harmony at all the four levels and I am ready to invest my sef, my body and wealth to help the other have the
right understanding .
Human beings are not living as per this natural characteristic; even though we have a svabhava,
we are not living according to this. This is basic reason for the contradiction and conflict that we see in human
being. This is what leads to a state of unhappiness. Only when we live according to our basic human
characteristics as mentioned above, we have definite character, otherwise, it is not definite, it is uncertain,
unlike other three orders as discussed above.

Order Natural Characteristic

Mate1ial order Soil, water, metals , etc. Composition I decomposition
Pranic order

Animal order

Human order
Plants and trees
Animals and birds

Human beings
Composition I decomposition + nurture I worsen
(Composition I decomposition, nurture I worsen) in body

5
+ (non cruelty, cruelty) in 'I'
(Composition I decomposition, nurture I worsen) in body
+ (perseverance, bravery, generosity) in 'I'

Q 9. Define harmony in nature and why is it important. Explain with examples.

Ans. If one is to enjoy the benefit of life to the fu llest, it is necessary to develop and maintain harmony. The
law of nature has a u nique cause and effect system which must be understood in order to be in harmony with
the natural law of things. Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons:
1. To solve the problem of global warming and depletion of non-renewable natural resource can be avoided.
2. With trees cure all problems like - reduction of wind velocity, energy savings, doing companion planting,
development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing a forest garden, reduction of building heat.
3. One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating and reflecting upon
the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos
at the material plane.
First of all we have to understand the importance of nature for our existence then we have to
understand our responsibility towards nature. When we take from nature, we should also plan to give back to
it. This is possible . Renewable energy sources, such as solar power and wind, are perhaps the best methods
to begin moving in this direction. There can be harmony only if each subsystem of the entire creation can
strike a mutually satisfying relationship with every subsystem without disturbing the other's peaceful
existence and without hindering its own growth.

Q 10. Define harmony in nature and how will you create it. Explain with examples.
Ans. Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state is called as nature. In other words, the aggregate
of all the mutually interacting units - big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. These
units are infinite in number and we cou ld easily observe that there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation
among all these units.
The law of nature has a unique cause and effect system which must be understood in order to be in
harmony with the natural law of things. Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons:
I . Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of non-renewable
natural resource can be avoided.
2. Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like - reduction of wind velocity, energy savings, doing
companion planting , development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing a forest garden , reduction of
building heat.
3. It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and management of educational
institution like schools, colleges and universities .
4. One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating and reflecting upon
the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural synthesis in the midst of ongoing chaos at
the material plane.
5. To create harmony in nature, first of all we have to work in the direction of development of mankind from
animal consciousness to human consciousness. And this entails working for the right understanding.

Q 11. What are the four orders of nature? Briefly explain them.

6
Ans. All the physical objects that are in solid, liquid or gas state eighter living or non living, collectively
termed as nature. In other words , the aggregate of all the mutually interacting units - big or small, sentient or
insentient together can be called nature. These u nits are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units. There are four orders of nature:
Material order The big land mass of the continents, gigantic water bodies like ocean and seas,
mountains and rivers , the atmosphere above, the heaps of metals and mineral below, the dense gases and fossil
fuels deep below the surface of the earth - all fall into the material order or padartha avastha. In fact, if
we look around beyond the earth, the material order is visible even in the form of stars, planets moons and
several astronomical bodies.
Pranic order Our land mass is covered with grass and small shrubs and they form the lining on the entire
soil. Shrubs, plants and trees form huge forest along with the flora in the ocean. All of this is the plant/bio
order or prana avastha and it is the next big order on our planet. (The material order is far greater in quantity
compared to the plant/bio order)
Animal order Animals and birds form the third largest order and we call them the animal order or jiva
avastha. Here again, we see that the plant/bio order is far greater in quantity than the animal order.
Human order Human are the smallest order and they are referred to as human order or gyana avastha.Animals
are far greater in quantity as compared to the hu man order.

Q 12. Explain the differences and similarities between animal order and human order. What
is the relation between the two orders?
OR
Present the difference and similarity between a human being and an animal. Give examples to
support your answer.

ANS. The two orders can be distinctly recognized in terms of their characteristics, participation with other
units in similar order activities, pattern of inheritance, etc. We can see this in the following diagram:

7
Order Things Activity Innate-ness
Natural Basic Activity Conformance
Characteristic (Recognizing,
(Composition I (Existence (Composition, I fulfillment) in
mpos n

Animal decomposition , dee n) body + Breed

Andimals a respiration) (assuming,

order in +ogryowth) inl nnurtbuorey/

wor(sneon
b d + wil i d+ conformance
birds body + selection to live in 'I' cruelty, cruelty) recognising,
in T in T fulfillment) in
T
n
(Composition I (Exisetence (Composition I Relciogmiesning, m
fu f )] t
decomposition , + growth) in decomposition , body +
respiration) Ill nurture I worsen) (knowing, Right values I
Human Human lxxiy + body + wiIJ Ill body sanskara
order beings (selection, to live with (perceverance, + assuming, conformance
thought, desire) happiness in bravery, recogrusmg,
T

8
 in T generosity) in 1' fu 'lfi1lment) in 1

Things (Vastu)
Animal order: The animal order is made of various kinds of animals and birds. These entities display both a
body (physico-chemical activity) as well as a conscious activity (self or 'I'). The animal order thus is the
coexistence of the animal body (pranic order) and the self (or 'I' = consciousness).
Human (knowledge) order: The hu man order is constituted of all the human beings. Each human being is co-
existence of the self ('I', conscious entity = consciousness) and the body (pranic order).
Activity (Kriya)
Animal Order: Body In Animals - Physico-Chemical Activities: The body displays respiration, or breathing,
or pulsating also there is composition/ decomposition in the body.
'I' In Animals - Conscious Activities: The activities in 'I' are fundamentally different from those in the body.
'I' is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming. Animals make assumptions. If we have a dog
and some strangers come into the house, the dog may start barking at him. If this person stays at our house,
the dog may stops barking at him, but will continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened here is
that the dog's 'assumption ' about this person has changed, due to which ; the way in which it responds to the
person has changed. We call this assuming.
Human Order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body, i.e. composition/
decomposition and respiration. When it comes to consciousness or 'I', however , the human displays more
than just an ability to 'select' or make choices as animals do. In human beings 'I' has the activities of
desiring, thinking , and selecting/tasting with a possibility or need for understanding and realization. Only
humans have this need to know and that is why it is called gyana avastha - the knowledge order.
Innateness (dharana)
Animal Order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order inherits the
innateness of 'existence' and 'growth'. This is at the level of the body, which is physico-chemical in
nature. In addition , all units in this order have the 'will to live' in 'I'. Indeed no unit in this order can be
separated from this 'will to live'. It is intrinsic to every u nit in this order.

Human Order: When we look at the human being, we find that 'existence' and 'growth' are
fundamentally present in the body , just as in the animal body. At the level of 'I' however, in addition
to the 'will to live', a human being's is the 'will to live with happiness'.

Natural Characteristics (Svabhava)

Animal Order: The body of the animal belongs to the plant/bio or pranic order, and hence has the same
'usefulness' or 'value' as the pranic order. Thus 'nurture/worsen' is the svabhava of the animal body.

The svabhava of the self ('I') of the animal order is non-cruelty (akru rata) and cruelty (krurata).
Cruelty (krurata) mean s the feeling that it can fulfil its needs through violence and forcefulness. For ex.,
cows may largely be living with a feeling of non-cruelty (akrurata); while animals like tigers and lions
may exhibit cruelty (krurata) .

Human Order: Similar as to the case in animals, the human body also belongs to the plant/ bio order and
hence has the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the pranic order. It either nurtures or
worsens other pranic units. As in the example above, when I digest the vegetable, I absorb the plant and it

9
 worsens, while my body is nurtured . The svabhava/ value of the self ('I') in human beings is
perseverance (dhirata), bravery (virata) and generosity (udarata).

1. Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and live in
harmony at all levels of existence.
2. Bravery (virata): I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding .
3. Generosity (udarata): I am ready to invest myself , my body and wealth to help the other have the right
understanding.
Basic Activity:
Animal Order: there is only recognising, and fulfilment in body, and in self (I) there is the basic activity of
assuming, recognising , fulfilment.
Human Order: human displays the same basic activity as that of animal body i.e. Recogni sing, fulfilment,
but in self (I) human have one more activity i.e. knowing,
Conformance (Anu-Sangita)
Animal order: Animals conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour is according to their
lineage they belong to, the lineage they come from. Hence, we say that an a11imal conforms to its breed,
or has 'breed conformance'. This breed conformance method is the mechanism by means of which the
continuity of an animal species is maintained in nature/existence.

Human (knowledge) order: We humans are not according to our lineage or race, as in animals. We humans
are according to our imag ination; according to our desires, thoughts and selection in 'I'. The desires ,
thoughts and selections we have in 'I' can come from past memories, our parents , the environment, and
the media, anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say 'as the education , so the human'. Together, we call
these 'sanskara '. Hence, we say that a huma11 being conforms to his or her sanskar or has
'sanskaar conformance' .

Q13. Explain the difference and similarities between pranic and animal order. What is
the order relation between the two orders? ANS.
Order Things Activity Basic Activity Conformance
Composition I Innate-ness
Plants
Pranic Nataurralteristic Ch ac
Composition I

order decomposition + decomposition + Recognising, Seed

Exgisotenhce e

and trees respiration + r wt nurture I worsen fulfillment conformance

(Composition I (Recognising,
decomposition, fulfillment) in

10
 (Composition I
(Exisetence
Animal Animals decomposition, + growth) in nurture I body + Breed
order and respiration) in body + will worsen ) in body (assuming, conformance
birds body + selection to live in 'I' + (non cruelty , recogmsmg ,
in 'I' cruelty) in 'I' fulfill ment) in
'I'

Q 14. What are the four orders in nature? Describe their activities and natural characteristics?
OR

What do you understand by 'activity'? Write down the activity of the four orders in
nature.

OR

Distinguish between the activities of different orders of nature giving an example of each.

Ans. Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state, or the aggregate of all the mutually interacting
units - big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. We can categorize all these units into
four distinct orders .
• Material order • Animal order •
Pranic order • Human order
The four orders can be distinctly recognised in terms of their natural characteristics and activities.

Order Things
Material Activity Natural Characteristic
Soil, water,
order Composition I decomposition Composition I decomposition
metals, etc.
Pranic Composition I decomposition + Composition I decomposition + nurture I
Plants and
order respiration worsen
trees
(Composition I decomposition , nurture I
Animal Animals and (Composition I decomposition, worsen) in body + (non cruelty, cruelty)
order birds respiration ) in body + selection in T in 'I'
(Composition I decomposition (Composition I decomposition , nurture I
Human Human respiration) in body + (selection, worsen) in body + (perceverance,
order beings thought, desire) in 'I' bravery, generosity) in T

11
Q 15. How will you show interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in four order of nature
with examples.
OR
"Other than human order, the three orders are mutually fulfilling to each other".
Explain with examples.

OR
Material, pranic and animal order are fulfilling human order but human are not
fulfilling them. There is lack of mutual fulfilment from human order. How and why is it
so?

OR
Discuss the human interrelationship with nature.

OR
What are the orders of nature? How are all four orders interconnected?

OR
How are we disturbing the balance in nature?

OR
There are four orders in nature. How does each order participate in the harmony in
the nature? Give few examples.

OR
What are the four orders in nature? How can the human order be responsible to the
other three orders?

OR
Critically examine the attitude of humans today towards the other three orders of
nature. Try to make a proper evaluation of human efforts.

OR
How is the human order related to the other three orders in nature? How does this
understanding help in choosing the production activity for a human being?

Ans. In the nature, all the units are connected to each other and fulfilling each other. Human being is related
to all other human beings. On this basis , we have feelings and emotions for everyone. Human being is
connected to all the material units in the existence and gets aware of it as he starts exploring it. We can
see this interconnectednes s and mu tual fulfilment in the following diagram:

12
Material Order and Plant/Bio-Order: The material order provides the nutrients to the plant/bio order
in the form of soil, minerals etc while the plant/ bio order decays and forms more nutrients, thus
enriching the soil. The plant/bio order also decays to substances like oil and coal, which are stored
deep within the earth as protection against the heat from the molten core inside the earth as weU as
the heat from the sun ( today, this is the material we are removing and using asfuel ). Plants help
move the nu trients through the various layers of the soil. The roots of the plants hold the soil
together and preven t the soil from erosion. Plants produce oxygen/ carbon dioxide and thus help in
the movement of the material order. There is a mutual interdependency and co-existence we can see
here.

Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order and Animal Order: The material order provides the basis for
movement of all animals , birds and fishes. Water, oxygen and other gases are necessities for both
plants and

animals. At the same time, the animal order helps enrich the soil with its excreta and this excreta
helps the plants with nutrients. The plant/bio order provides food for animals, birds and fishes. The
animal Order helps in pollination of the flowers of the pranic order.
Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order, Animal Order and Human Order: We humans also have a natural
acceptance to be mutually fulfilling to these three orders. However , we are not able to ensure
this mutual fuHilment. We are dependent on the material order for soil and minerals and metals,
but only end up poUuting the soil and depleting the fossil fuels; we are dependent on plants for our
food and holding together the larger ecosystem, but we have destroyed forests and destroyed
mu ltiple species of plants and herbs; we are dependent on animals to carry out our production and
transportation activities, but have made many species of animals extinct, and are today known for
our cruelty towards animals. We can see that there is interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in
all the orders of nature except human order. We have to work on this.

Q 16. Explain how there is recyclability and self regulation in nature.

OR

Write a short note on the recyclability and self-regulation in nature.

OR

Explain the recyclability in nature with any two examples.

OR

There is recyclability in nature. Explain this statement with any two examples. How does it
help in production activity?

13
 OR

Explain the recyclability of any two units in nature with examples. How is it useful for
sustainable production activities?

Ans. There are several cyclical processes that we can see in nature. For example the cycle of water,
evaporating, condensing and precipitating back to water giving the wea ther phenomena. The cycles keep
these materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are similarly self-regulated in
their environment. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way so that the amount of soil, plants
and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the number of trees shoots up and there is a lack of
soil for the trees. The appropriateness of the conditions for growth of both plants and animals are self -
regulated in nature keeping the population proportions natur ally maintained. This phenomenon is termed
as self- regulation. In a single breed of animals, the number of males and females generated through
procreation is such that the continui ty of species is ensured by itself. This happens with humans too, but
inhuman practices have led to disproportionate numbers of men and women. These two characteristics
namely , cyclical nature and self-regulation provide us with some clues of the harmony that is in nature.

Q 17. What do you mean by 'conformance' ? Explain the conformance in the four
orders.
Ans. Each unit conforms through the principle of conformance or anusangita. It means how
the continuity of the fundamental nature of the unit is preserved.

Order Material order Pranic order Animal order Human order

Things Soil, water, metals, etc. Plants and trees Animals and birds Human beings
Conformance Seed Breed Right values I sanskara

conformance confonnance conformance

Material order The continuity of the fundamental nature of the material unit is preserved through
the physical and chemical processes. Take iron for example. Each atom of iron cornforms to the
constitutional structure of 'Iron'. There is no atom of iron that will be unlike the other atom of iron, if it were,
we would not call it iron. We call this 'constitu tion conformance'. The material order exhibits constitu tion
conformance. We can verify this for all things in the material order. For example, oxygen, nitrogen, other
gasses, gold, silver, aluminiu mD all of them comfonn to and are always according to the constitution of their
kind. Hence , we say that any matter conforms to its constitution or has 'constitution confonnance'.

Plant/bio order A neem seed will always sprout a neem plant. All of us know this. Its fruits, its
leaves, the taste of the leaves, the colour of the leaves, all this information , this basic information of every
neem plant is stored in the seed. Thus we say the plant is always as the seed, or we can say, 'as the seed
thus the plant'. Hence, we say that a plant conforms to the seed, or has 'seed comformance'. This 'seed
comformance' method is the mechanism by means of which the continuity of a plant species is
mentained in nature/existence.

14
Animal order We see that a cow is always like a cow, and a dog is always like a dog. Animals
conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour , is according to their lineage they belong to, the
lineage they come from. Hence, we say that an animal comforms to its breed, or has 'breed conformance'.
This breed conformance method is the mechanism by means of which the continuity of an animal
species is mentained in nature/existence.

Human (knowledge) order We can see that we humans are not according to our lineage or race, as in
animals . We may pick up something from our parents as we grow up, but we are usually very different in
many ways from them. We humans are according to our imagination; according to our desires, thoughts
and selection in 'I'. the desires, thoughts and selections we have in 'I' can come from anywhere. It can
come from past memories , it can come from our parents , the environment , the media , anywhere. In the
case of humans, we can say 'as the education, so the human'. We are according to our desires, thoughts and
selections . Together, we call these 'sansk.ara' . H ence, we say that a human being comforms to his or her
sanskar or has 'sanskaar conformance' .

Q 18. How is the activity in human order is different with that of animal and plant order?

Ans. An activity means something that 'has motion' and /or 'has a result'. The material order is active in
multiple ways, and the same with the plant order or animal order or human order. We are sitting in a room.
But we are active. We are thinking, desiring, the body has breath running, heart throbbing. The air in the
room is blowing. The wall standing constantly also have activity. The chair in the room is also active. It
may not be very visible to our eyes but the chair is still active. We can understand this activity in two ways:
• Things that we see are 'visibly moving', through the naked eyes, such as a spinning top, a moving bus, a
running man, are active, and
• All things that are 'visibly stationery ', are not moving , are also active. Like a stationary chair. The activity
of chair is that the wood of the chair is interacting with the envirorunent and as a result it decays with time.
All units around us , including oursleves, are actibe, all the time. They are interacting with the
environment. In the activity, there is a state or configuration and motion simultaneou sly. This remains all
the time.

Order
Material
order
Pranic
order
Animal
order

Human order
Things

15
Soil, water, metals,
etc. Plants and trees
Animals and birds

Human beings
Activity
Composition I decomposition
Composition I decomposition +
respiration
(Composition I decomposition ,
respiration) in body + selection in 'I'
(Composition I decomposition ,
respiration) in body + (selection,
thought, desire) in '1'

Material order All material things (i.e. units in the material order) can be understood as an acitivity
of 'units' coming together to form a bigger unit. We call this 'composition'. For example, the chair is made of
smaller pieces of wood. Bigger units can also separte from each other to form smaller units and we call this
'decomposition'. Like a wooden chair can decay after a few years. Thus any unit in the material order can be
understood as an 'activity of 'composition/decomposition'.
Plant/bio order When we look at all the units that make up the plant/bio order we will find that they
can be understood in terms of composition/ decompositio n and respiration. Not only do plants compose
(following new plants) and decompose (decaying), they are also breathing, or pulsating, which we call
respiration.
Animal order We can u nder stand the activities of animal order in two aspects:
• Body In Animals - Physico-Chemical Activities The body displays the same activities that we
see the plant. The body displays respiration, or breathing, or pulsating , as we call i t. The body is also
formed at one point in time and keeps building cells as well , i .e. there is composition in the body. Hence the
activities in the body are the same as that in the plant/bio order, which are: composition/ decomposition
and respiration. Hence, we say that the body belongs to plant/bio order.
• 'I' In Animals - Conscious Activities The activities in 'I' are fundamentally different from those
in the body. 'I' is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming. Animals make assumptions. If you
have
a dog and some strangers comes into the house, the dog may start barking at him. If this person stays at your
house, the dog may stops barking at him, but will continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened
here is that the dog's 'assumption' about this person has changed, due to which, the way in which it responds to
the person has changed. We call this assuming.

16
 It is important to note that this consciousness or faculty of assuming is not inthe body. The body
belongs to the plant/bio order, and is physico-chemical in nature. It just responds to physico-chemical
inputs .

Human (knowledge) order The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body, and we
have seen this in detail as: composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to consciousness
or 'I', however, the human displays more than just an ability to 'select' or make choices as animals do. Thus, in
human beings , 'I' has the acitvities of desiring, thinking, and selecting/tasting, with a possibility or need for
understanding and realization. Only humans have this need to know and that is why it is called gyana
avastha
- the kowledge order.

In the material and pranic order, there is only recognizing and fulfilment. Such units do not have
the activities of assuming and knowing. Take for example, hydrogen and oxygen recognise the relation
to each other, and combine to form water. A brick and the other brick have a definite relation , recognise
it and get arranged to form a building. A plant recognises the relation with sun and water, and fulfils it by
acting accordingly. Such activities take place in a similar way all the time, there is no seleciton involved
here. A plant does not choose to turn or not to turn to sun absorb or not to absorb water . Similarly, the fan
in your room does not choose to rotate clockwise or anti-clockwise. It turns as per the winding in the motor.
No choise.
When we look at the animals and humans, we find selection taking

place.

Q 20.Define'units'and 'space'.

Ans. There are two kinds of realities in existence: units and space. Unit is something that is limited in size.
Like a small blade of hu man hair to the biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size i.e. bounded
on six sides. So all the things we have been studying so far: the hu man beings , animals , lumps of matter
as well as various atoms and molecules , are all units. We can recognize them as such, they are cou ntable.
Whereas , space is not a unit but it exists, as a reality. We can't touch it, smell it. We normally just see
through it. It exists everywhere . In other words the empty area all around the nature is space.

Q 21. Comment on the statement: "Nature is limited and space is unlimited."

Ans. Nature has four orders and there are units in each order. Each unit is limited in size. The size
rangesfrom being really small (atom) to really big (galaxies). Each and every unit is finite and limited in
size, be it the smallest particle or the biggest galaxies . Space, on the other hand is unlimited. Space has no
'size', unlike u nits, it is not bounded. So, there is no beginning or end to space, as there is to units. For
example, when we take a book, we know that it starts and fmishes. We say the book is 'limited' in size. When
we take space, there is no such thing. There is space behind us, inside us , between us and the book, between

17
the book
and the earth, in the book, in every page of it, inside the page, and beyond the earth D . all the way till we
can imagine. We find that space pervades; it is all-pervading. Units , on the other hand are not all-
pervading. This is how we recognize them as units.

Q 22. How can we say that 'nature is Self Organized and in space Self-Organization ls
Available?'

Ans . Every unit is an organization. A unit recognizes other units and combines to form a bigger
organization. Starting from the atom, to the big galaxy , this organization goes on, as a self-organi zation.
At every level, we get a self-organizatio n. Sub atomic particles recognize each other and come together to
form atoms. Cells recognize each other and form organizations like organs and a body. Planetary bodies ,
solar systems, galaxies are still bigger organizations. We are not organizing it. We are not supplying it
organization from outside.
When we look at humans, we see that we are self-organized at the level of the body. We are not
organizing the body. We are not doing any thing for the coordination between the heart, kidneys , lungs,
eyes, brain hands, legs, etc. All these are functioning together. Our input is needed only to provide the
required nutrition, and to assist the body when we fall sick/get injured. At the level of 'I', we are not self-
organized, but being in space self-organization is available to the self ('I') . That's why we are in pursuit of
happiness, which is essentially being in harmony. Whenever we are not in harmony, we are unhappy.
All the units of four orders are self-organized. No one is organizing them from outside. No one is
supplying this organization . This self-organization is available to units being in space. Hence, for space,
we say 'self organization is available'.

Q 23. Define existence? Show that existence is in a form of co-existence.

OR

" Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive space ". Explain.

OR

Existence = Nature submerged in space" - Elaborate this point. Short notes on Co-existence of
units in
space. Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in space?

OR
What do you mean by co-existence? How are units in co-existence being in space? How do unit
and space co-exist? What are the various attributes of units and space? Explain each.

OR
Write a short note on 'nature (units) submerged in space'. Explain the meaning of
submerged here.'Existence is co-existence'. Give your opinion.

18
ANS. All the units together constitute nature. All the units of nature exist in space which is an important
reality to understand. Existence is nothing but the nature in space.

Existence Exist + Essence whatever exists.

To be harmony
We define unit as something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human hair to the
biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size, i.e. bounded on six sides. So all the 'things' we
have been studying so far: the human beings , animals, lumps of matter as well as various atoms and
molecules, are all
'units'. We can recognize them as such, they are countable.

a. Nurturing of the Body: Proper Food, Air, Water, Etc.: In the process of selecting food for the
body, I need to make out the elements which make a complete food so that it gives required nutrients and
energy to the body. On the basis of understanding of the hannony of the self with the body, it can be said
that the food need s to be eaten only when we feel hu ngry. The choice of the food has to be such that it is
easily digestible and the food needs to be taken with proper posture of the body and in right quantity.
b. Protection of the Body: The second issue is the protection of the body. The clothes we choose for
protection need to be such that they ensure proper interaction of the body with the environment. The right
amou nt of exposure of the body to the air, water, and sun is required to ensure its proper functioning.
c. Right Utilization of the Body (Sadupayoga): Right utilization of the body as an instru ment
necessi tates understanding the purpose for which this instrument is to be used. Normally, we tend to believe
that the body is an instrument for sensory enjoyment, which is not correct. We also happen to use our body
to exploit other human beings or rest of the nature which is not right utilization. It is important to realize
that the human body is an instrument to facilitate right understanding and its actualization in life.

But there is another 'reality' called 'space'. We normally don't pay attention to this 'reality', because it's not a
'unit'. We can't 'touch it', smell it. We normally just 'see through it'. But the fact is because we can't 'touch it' or 'see
it' as we would see a unit like our body, our friends, or a piece of rock, doesn't mean it does not exist. Space
exists everywhere. Co-existence is a state in which two or more groups are living together while
respecting their differences and resolving their conflicts non-violently. Co- existence has been defined
m numerous ways:

1. To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mu tual tolerance. 2. To learn to recognize and live
with difference.
3. To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the partie s is trying to destroy the
other.
4. To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.

EXISTENCE
Nature Submerged in Space

19
(Collection of units) (Empty) Unlimited
Limited No activity
Active Equilibrium energy
Energized

Recognizes and fulfils the relation

Self organized
Unit
Abundance with diversity
Consciou sness (I) - Nirantar
Material- Anitya

20
 All reflecting, transparent Self organized is available
All pervasive
All pervasive
Nitya
(Ulimited in space and time)

(Niraatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and

time)
When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then we see the
units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in space. If we were to define
this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in existence and these are: space and uni ts (in
space). So we

say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we
cansay
"Existence = Nature submerged in space".
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Hu man
Order)

Q 24. Explain the concept of holistic perception of harmony in existence.

Ans. The existence is units in space. Space is the empty area all around. The units are of two types:
material (insentient) and conscious (the sentient 'I'). The material units are transformable, and their
composition keeps on changing, hence these are gathansheel . The other category of units, the sentient
'I', does not transform and are complete in composition , hence gathanpurna. The material units are
changeful (with activities of recognizing and fulfilment only) while the other kinds of u nits are
continuous (with activities of knowing, assuming, recognizing and fulfilment). The material units are
available in two orders - material order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom combines with
another atom to form a molecule; a molecule similarly forms a molecular structure. Molecular structures
are found in two forms: lumps and fluids. Fluids give nutrition to pranic order. In pranic order, the
smallest units are plant cells which combine with other cells to form plants, animal bodies and human
bodies .
The co-existence of 'I' with the animal body becomes the animal order, and the co-existence of 'I'
with the human body becomes the human order. Completion of right understanding in human being is
called kriyapurnata and ability to live with complete understanding is called acharanpurnata.
If we look at the left side of the chart, the transformation keeps taking place and the
transformation is cyclic in nature. But on the right hand side, the transitions are acyclic. This implies that
what we have u nderstood continues to stay with us. We will never miss it. This is a transition in
one direction. This is actu ally called development (vikas).

21
 So, Existence is in the form of co-existence. It is in Harmony. We don't have to create this
harmony,
it already exists. We only have to understand it to be in it. This means that having the knowledge of self
('I') gives me the knowledge of humane conduct (how to live in existence, with the four orders). With
this knowledge, I can live with hu mane conduct. This is the pending task we have to complete.

Q 25. Explain energized and energy in equilibrium.

ANS. What we normally call or consider as energy today, is the 'transfer of energy '. For example, when you
place water in a vessel on the stove, we say the heat energy from the flame was transferred to the water
in the vessel. Anything that is a unit, has activity, anything that has activity, is energized. All the
particles in the water and the metal stove are active, very active and energized. Hence we don't say that
space is energized but we say 'space is energy in equilibrium ' or it is 'constant energy'. All units are
energized in space. This energy is available to all units. In other words, space is equilibrium energy, all
units are in space; all units are energized and active being in space

22