VISVESVARYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belgavi-590018

A Mini Project Report On

“AVIATION ACCIDENT”

Submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted By
TAIYABA FATHIMA CHITHRASHREE UV

1AR20CS014 1AR21CS400

Under the Guidance of

Dr. SRINIVASA R
Head, Dept. of CS&E

AIEMS
BENGALURU

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

2022-23
B.V.V. Sangha’s
AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
& MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
Bidadi Industrial Area, Bidadi, Bengaluru – 562109
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project report entitled “AVIATION ACCIDENT” is a
Bonafide project work carried out by TAIYABA FATHIMA (1AR20CS014) and
CHITHRASHREE UV (1AR21CS400) in partial fulfilment of award of Degree of
Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering of Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belagavi, during the academic year 2022-2023. It is certified that
all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated. The
mini project has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements associated with the
Degree mentioned.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD

………………………… ………………………
Dr. SRINIVASA R Dr. SRINIVASA R
Head, Dept. of CSE, Head, Dept. of CSE,
AIeMS, Bengaluru. AIeMS, Bengaluru.

External Viva
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

1. ………………………… …………………………
2. ………………………… …………………………
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of project brings with great sense of satisfaction, but it is never completed
without thanking the persons who all are responsible for its successful completion. First
and foremost, we wish to express our deep sincere feelings of gratitude to our Institution,
AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, for
providing us an opportunity to do our education.

We extend our deep sense of sincere gratitude to Dr. SANTHOSH M MURNAL, Principal
AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, for having
permitted to carry out the project work successfully.

We express our heartfelt sincere gratitude to Dr. SRINIVASA R, Professor and Head of
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, for his valuable suggestions and
support.

We express our heartfelt and sincere gratitude to project guide Dr. SRINIVASA R,
Professor and Head, Dept. of CS&E, AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, for her constant support and guidance.

Finally, we would like to thank all the Teaching, Technical faculty and supporting staff
members of Department of Computer Science and Engineering, AMRUTA INSTITUTE
OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, for their support.

TAIYABA FATHIMA CHITHRASHREE UV

(1AR20CS014) (1AR21CS400)
 DECLARARTION

TAIYABA FATHIMA (1AR20CS014) and CHITHRASHREE UV (1AR21CS400), student of

6th semester Bachelor of Engineering in the Department of Computer Science and

Engineering of AMRUTA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

SCIENCES, BIDADI, BENGALURU-562109 KARNATAKA , hereby declare that the

project entitled “AVIATION ACCIDENT ” has been carried out by us underthe guidance

and supervision of Internal Guide Dr. SRINIVASA R, Head , Department of Computer

Science and Engineering, AIeMS, Bengaluru, submitted in the fulfillment of the

requirements for the course requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of

Engineering of Computer Science and Engineering of Visvesvaraya Technological

University during the Academic year 2022-23.

Place:

Date:

TAIYABA FATHIMA CHITHRASHREE UV

(1AR20CS014) (1AR21CS400)
 CONTENTS

Chapters Page No

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i

DECLARATION ii

1. INTRODUCTION 01

2. LITERATURE SURVEY 04

3. REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS 05

4. DESIGN 08

5. IMPLEMENTATION 10

6. SNAP SHOTS 14

BIBLIOGRAPHY 16
AVIATION ACCIDENT 2022-23

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Computer Graphics

• Graphics provides one of the most natural means of communicating with a

computer, since our highly developed 2D Or 3D pattern-recognition abilities
allow us to perceive and process pictorial data rapidly.

• Computers have become a powerful medium for the rapid and economical
production of pictures.

• Graphics provide a so natural means of communicating with the computer

that they have become widespread.

• Interactive graphics is the most important means of producing pictures since

the invention of photography and television .

• We can make pictures of not only the real world objects but also of abstract
objects such as mathematical surfaces on 4D and of data that have no
inherent geometry.

• A computer graphics system is a computer system with all the components

of the general purpose computer system. There are five major elements in
system: input devices, processor, memory, frame buffer, output devices.

Fig 1.1: Outline of Computer Graphics

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1.2 OpenGL Technology

OpenGL is the premier environment for developing portable, interactive 2D

and 3D graphics applications. Since its introduction in 1992, OpenGL has become
the industry's most widely used and supported 2D and 3D graphics application
programming interface (API), bringing thousands of applications to a wide variety
of computer platforms.

OpenGL fosters innovation and speeds application development by

incorporating a broad set of rendering, texture mapping, special effects, and other
powerful visualization functions. Developers can leverage the power of OpenGL
across all popular desktop and workstation platforms, ensuring wide application
deployment.

OpenGL Available Everywhere: Supported on all UNIX® workstations, and

shipped standard with every Windows 95/98/2000/NT and MacOS PC, no other
graphics API operates on a wider range of hardware platforms and software
environments.

OpenGL runs on every major operating system including Mac OS, OS/2,
UNIX, Windows 95/98, Windows 2000, Windows NT, Linux, Open Step, and
BeOS; it also works with every major windowing system, including Win32,
MacOS, Presentation Manager, and X-Window System. OpenGL is callable from
Ada, C, C++, Fortran, Python, Perl and Java and offers complete independence
from network protocols and topologies.

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Fig 1.2: OpenGL Technology

The OpenGL interface

Our application will be designed to access OpenGL directly through functions in

three libraries namely: gl,glu,glut.

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Chapter 2
LITERATURE SURVEY

The basic functions like glcolor3f(…); gltotatef(..),gltranslate(..) etc that are most
commonly used in the code are taken from the prescribed VTU Text book
“INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS” 5th edition by Edward Angel.[1].

The lab programs in the syllabus also serve as a basic template for creating a
project. The usage of colors and specifications are taken from the various programs
that were taught in the lab.[1].

The VTU prescribed text book serves as a huge database of functions and they are
used in the project.

The C++ concepts which are used are being taken from “object oriented
programming” by Sourav Sahay.[2].

Some concepts like constructing bowl and fountain are taken from the search
results in codecolony.com..

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Chapter 3

REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Purpose of the requirements document

The software requirement specification is the official statement of what is required

for development of particular project. It includes both user requirements and system
requirements. This requirement document is utilized by variety of users starting
from project manager who gives project to the engineer responsible for
development of project.

It should give details of how to maintain, test, verify and what all the actions to be
carried out through life cycle of project.

Scope of the project

The scope is to use the basic primitives defined in openGL library creating
complex objects. We make use of different concepts such as
pushmatrix(),translate(), popmatrix(),timer function.

Definition
The project DEMOLITION OF A BUILDING BY AEROPLANE CRASH is
created to demonstrate OpenGL’s concepts. It encompasses some of the skillslearnt
in our OpenGL classes such as pushmatrix(), translate(), popmatrix(),timer function.

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Acronyms & Abbreviations

OpenGL provides a powerful but primitive set of rendering command, and all
higher level design must be done in terms of these commands.

OpenGL Utility Toolkit(GLUT):- windows-system-independent toolkit.

References

OpenGL tutorials

Interactive Computer Graphics(Edward Angel)

3.2 Specific requirements

User Requirement:

• Easy to understand and should be simple.

• The built-in functions should be utilized to maximum extent.

• OpenGL library facilities should be used.

Software Requirements:

• Ubuntu Os.

• Eclipse compiler.

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Hardware Requirements:

• Processor- Intel or AMD(Advanced Micro Devices)

• RAM- 512MB(minimum)

• Hard Disk-1MB(minimum)

• Mouse

• Keyboard

• Monitor

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Chapter 4
DESIGN

4.1 User Defined Functions

myinit():

This function initializes light source for ambient, diffuse and specular types.

display():

This function creates and translates all the objects in a specified location .in
a particular order and also rotates the objects in different axes.

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

glFlush();

timerfunc():

This function starts a timer in the event loop that delays the event loop for
delay miiliseconds.

MainLoop():

This function whose execution will cause the program to begin an event
processing loop.

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PushMatrix():

Save the present values of attributes and matrices placing ,or pushing on the
top of the stack.

PopMatrix():

We can recover them by removing them from stack;

Translated();

In translate func the variables are components of the displacement vector.

main():

The execution of the program starts from this function. It initializes the . .
. graphics system and includes many callback functions.

PostRedisplay():

It ensures that the display will be drawn only once each time the program .
. goes through the event loop.

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Chapter 5
IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 FUNCTIONS
GL_LINES -
Treats each pair of vertices as an independent line segment.
Vertices 2n - 1 and 2n define line n. N/2 lines are drawn.
GL_LINE_LOOP -
Draws a connected group of line segments from the first vertex to the last, then back to
the first. Vertices n and n + 1 define line n. The last line, however, is defined by vertices
N and N lines are drawn.

Basic Functions
glPushMatrix, glPopMatrix Function
The glPushMatrix and glPopMatrix functions push and pop the current matrix
stack.
SYNTAX: void glPushMatrix();
void glPopMatrix(void);

glBegin, glEnd Function

The glBegin and glEnd functions delimit the vertices of a primitive or a group of
like primitives.
SYNTAX:
void glBegin, glEnd(GLenum mode);
PARAMETERS:
mode -
The primitive or primitives that will be created from vertices presented between
glBegin and the subsequent glEnd. The following are accepted symbolic constants and
their meanings:

Transformation Functions
glTranslate Function
The glTranslated and glTranslatef functions multiply the current matrix by a
translation matrix.

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SYNTAX:
void glTranslate( x, y, z);
PARAMETERS:
x, y, z - The x, y, and z coordinates of a translation
vector. Funtions used to displayglMatrixMode Function
The glMatrixMode function specifies which matrix is the current matrix.
SYNTAX: void
glMatrixMode(GLenum mode);
PARAMETERS:
mode - The matrix stack that is the target for subsequent matrix operations. The mode
parameter can assume one of three values:

Value Meaning
GL_MODELVIEW Applies subsequent matrix operations to the
modelview matrix stack.
glLoadIdentity Function
The glLoadIdentity function replaces the current matrix with the identity matrix.
SYNTAX:
void glLoadIdentity(void);

5.2 FUNCTIONS USED TO SET THE VIEWING VOLUME

glOrtho
This function defines orthographic viewing volume with all parameters measured from
the centre of projection. multiply the current matrix by a perspective matrix.
SYNTAX:
void glOrtho( GLdouble left, GLdouble right, GLdouble bottom, GLdouble top,
GLdouble near, GLdouble far)
PARAMETERES:
 left, right -
Specify the coordinates for the left and right vertical clipping planes.
 bottom, top -
Specify the coordinates for the bottom and top horizontal clipping planes.

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 nearVal, farVal -
Specify the distances to the nearer and farther depth clipping planes. These values are
negative if the plane is to be behind the viewer.

5.3 CALL BACK FUNCTIONS

glutDisplayFunc Function
glutDisplayFunc sets the display callback for the current window.
SYNTAX:
void glutDisplayFunc(void (*func)(void));

glutReshapeFunc Function
glutReshapeFunc sets the reshape callback for the current window.
SYNTAX:
void glutReshapeFunc(void (*func)(int width, int height));

5.4MAIN FUNCTIONglutInit Function

glutInit is used to initialize the GLUT library.
SYNTAX:
glutInit(int *argcp, char **argv);
PARAMETERS:
 argcp - A pointer to the program's unmodified argc variable from main. Upon return,
the value pointed to by argcp will be updated, because glutInit extracts any command
line options intended for the GLUT library.
 Argv -
The program's unmodified argv variable from main. Like argcp, the data for argv will
be updated because glutInit extracts any command line options understood by the
GLUT library.
glutInit(&argc,argv);

glutInitDisplayMode Function
glutInitDisplayMode sets the initial display mode.
SYNTAX:
void glutInitDisplayMode(unsigned int mode);

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PARAMETERS:
mode -
Display mode, normally the bitwise OR-ing of GLUT display mode bit masks. See
values below:
GLUT_RGB: An alias for GLUT_RGBA.
GLUT_DOUBLE:Bit mask to select a double buffered window. This overrides
GLUT_SINGLE.
GLUT_DEPTH: Bit mask to select a window with a depth buffer.

glutMainLoop Function
glutMainLoop enters the GLUT event processing loop.

SYNTAX:
void glutMainLoop(void);

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CHAPTER 6
SNAP SHOTS

Fig 6.1: Airplane moving on runway

Fig 1.2: Airplane take off

Fig 6.2: Airplane take off

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Fig 1.3: Airplane along with wall

Fig 6.3: Airplane along with wall

Fig 1.4: Airplane crash

Fig 6.4: Airplane crash

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1) OpenGL Programming Guide (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company)

2) The OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT)Programming Interface
- API Version 3 BY MARK J. KILGARD
3) Interactive computer graphics
-A top down approach by using Open GL by EDWARD ANGEL

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