1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
Renewable energy signifies a sustainable environmentally friendly and safer future.

Due to the different downsides of non-renewable energy resources, there are concerns

about climate change, pollution, and the reduction of finite fossil fuel resources. The

adaptation of people to renewable energy resources serves as a solution to addressing those

challenges and also enhancing the quality of life for people around the world.

Moreover, renewable energy is any source of energy that is prevalent in the natural

environment and has the ability to replace itself repeatedly. For instance, solar energy is a

naturally occurring resource that we will never run out of (Hossein, 2021).

On the other hand, non-renewable energy is that it consumes a lot of time and it

takes a lot of effort. In addition, since some non-renewable sources emit carbon monoxide,

like fossil fuels, it means that non-renewable energy causes pollution and also, they can

also cause respiratory problems in humans. Sources like coal, oil, and natural gas are

responsible for rapidly destroying and then burning (Anonymous, n. d).

So, the use of solar and heat energy harnesses the power of nature to generate

electricity without decreasing the finite resources or significantly contributing to

greenhouse gas emissions. The researchers ponder on how to keep a simple power bank

with power every day without plugging it.

Nevertheless, traditional power banks have limited capacity and a shorter lifespan

due to their size and weight, making them best for charging a few devices and not heavy-

duty equipment. They degrade over time, requiring replacement sooner. Also, traditional
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power banks rely on non-renewable energy sources like fossil fuels for charging,

contributing to energy sustainability. They lack advanced features like solar charging, AC

outlets, and wireless charging, making them less versatile and less efficient (Anonymous,

2023).

In fact, the earth has given us different kinds of renewable energy resources that

can be used to produce electricity. According to Robyns, et. al. (2021), Renewable energies

are those produced continually by nature in our temporal frame. They originate from the

Earth's core, solar radiation, and oceanic gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun. There are

various different types of renewable energy, including wind, solar, biomass, hydraulics,

and geothermal.

Moreover, the Seebeck effect or the Peltier effect, which involves the direct

conversion of heat into electrical energy without the use of moving mechanical parts, are

examples of thermoelectric effects. Thermoelectric devices' low efficiency has restricted

their use to specific industries, including refrigeration, heat recovery, power generation,

and renewable energy (Zoui, et. al., 2020). One of the best ways to convert heat to produce

electricity is through the use of thermoelectric devices in the process called the Seebeck

effect, which is more efficient and environmentally safe.

In addition, the use of thermoelectric devices is very essential and simple in terms

of electricity production even in different kinds of situations. According to Yun et al.

(2021), thermoelectric devices have the capability to harvest and convert thermal energy

into electrical power via the Seebeck effect. With its simple operating principle,

thermoelectric devices can be reliable even under the harshest environments, taking

advantage of any type of heat source.

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Owing to their capabilities of solid-state conversion between heat and electricity,

zero-emission, and high flexibility, flexible thermoelectric devices (F-TEDs) have

exhibited great application possibilities for both portable power generation and localized

refrigeration( Cao et al.,2023). Due to their distinctive characteristics, thermoelectric

devices are particularly promising for a variety of applications.

Especially, even without the presence of the sun, by using a thermoelectric device,

you can generate electricity. According to Dr. Aaswath Raman (2019), from the University

of California, Los Angeles, thermoelectric is able to generate electricity at night, when

solar cells don’t work. Beyond lights, we think this might be an approach to power

generation that is generally enabling and ideal for remote places and wherever that requires

power generation at night.

Moreover, adding wind generators to devices can be efficiently used to generate

electricity when different renewable energy like heat and sun is not available, the method

of utilizing the natural flow of wind to produce electricity or mechanical power is referred

to as wind power or wind energy. Wind turbines transform the kinetic energy of the wind

into mechanical energy that is subsequently applied to produce power. The electricity

produced by this can be utilized for many minor objectives, such as battery charging of a

cell phone, flashlight, or other gadget elements. In addition, this electric you can store

energy by using a charging battery.or power bank, which can be utilized as needed for

multiple uses, such as recharging additional small batteries

Additionally, electricity can be generated from solar energy either directly using

photovoltaic (PV) cells or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP) technology.
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Progress has been made to raise the efficiency of the PV solar cells which can now reach

up to approximately 34.1% in multi‐junction PV cells ( Hayat et al., 2019).

Solar energy has the potential to offset a significant fraction of non-renewable

electricity demands globally, yet it may occupy extensive areas when deployed at this level

(Adeh et al., 2019).

Solar power has the potential to drastically lessen the world's dependency on non-

renewable energy sources, transitioning us toward a more sustainable energy future.

Electricity generation from concentrated solar technologies has a promising future as well,

especially the CSP, because of its high capacity, efficiency, and energy storage capability

( Hayat et al., 2019).

It has an in-built solar panel that converts the solar energy to electrical energy. The

charge is then transferred to a battery for storage of charge for further use (Dhal et al.,

2016).

A solar power bank with AC and solar charging capabilities has been created. The

findings indicated that as long as the solar power bank can be charged with enough sunlight,

this device can function at its best. According to the time that was recorded for charging,

the solar source took 9 hours and 27 minutes to charge, and the AC source took 9 hours

and 19 minutes. The typical discharge phase according to it was 102.77 watt-hour after

nine discharge situations (Calbang et al., 2022).

The need for electric energy consumption is increasing. So, in search of new energy

sources, one should meet the requirement that is generating a large amount of energy, economic

costs, and no negative impact on the environment ( Ismangil & Susanto, 2019). New energy
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sources that are both economically viable and environmentally sustainable. The power bank

may generate electrical energy using solar and heat energy.

Creating an efficient power bank that will charge 24 hours daily requires the sun

and heat energy. Adding a solar panel, specifically Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell

(PERC) panels allows greater solar energy collection in a smaller physical footprint, which

makes them ideal for limited spaces, maximizes the renewable energy from the sun. The

second is by adding a Thermoelectric generator or Seebeck Generator that converts heat

into electricity using the Seebeck effect, a phenomenon where a temperature gradient

across a material generates an electrical voltage.

These days, people demand more and more electronic devices, when the users can't

easily access the grid or don't have any other chargers with them than regular power banks.

According to Wong & Daud (2020), thermoelectric generators (TEG) are another option

for powering their electrical devices. The majority of TEGs can only provide low voltage,

which is insufficient to power electronic devices. Therefore, the voltage needs to be

increased. Software is used to assess the performance, stability, and dependability of a

switching regulator vs a boost converter using a voltage sensor. Compared to a self-built

boost converter, a switching regulator is more suited to be employed in low-voltage

applications to step up TEG voltage for charging mobile devices.

According to Calbang et al. (2022), it is clear that the solar power bank works well

to power small devices that require 5V USB during blackouts. Since all of the components

are readily available on the market, the power bank is also straightforward and practical.

The solar power bank's design makes it portable; it weighs only 0.8 kilograms, compared
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to the two 30 W solar panels' combined weight of 4.7 kilograms, making it easy to carry at

all times.

The main purpose of this study is to test the capability and acceptability of JIYVIE:

An Undying Three-way Powered Bank. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the level of acceptability of the JIYVIE: An Undying Three-way Powered Bank

and the commercial power bank terms of:

1.1 Functionality,

1.2. Reliability,

1.3. Portability,

1.4. Durability,

1.5. User satisfaction; and

1.6. Safety?

2. What is the battery percent charge rate (amount of battery percentage gained per hour)

of the JIYVIE: An Undying Three-way Powered Bank and the Commercial Power Bank?

3. What is the efficiency rate (percent charged per interval) of the JIYVIE: An Undying

Three-way Powered bank and the Commercial Power Bank in charging phones at various

times:

3.1. 30 minutes,

3.2 60 minutes,
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3.3. 90 minutes, and

3.4 120 minutes?

4. Is there a significant difference between the JIYVIE: An Undying Three-way Powered

Bank and the commercial power bank in terms of:

4.1. Functionality,

4.2. Reliability,

4.3. Portability,

4.4. Durability,

4.5. User satisfaction; and

4.6. Safety?

5. Which between the JIYVIE: An Undying Three Way Power Band and the Commercial

Power Bank yields the best result in terms of:

5.1 Acceptability

5.1.1 Functionality

5.1.2 Reliability

5.1.3 Portability

5.1.4 Durability

5.1.5 User Satisfaction

5.1.6 safety
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5.2. Battery percent charge rate

5.3. Efficacy rate?

These innovative power banks represent a crucial step towards a more sustainable

and energy-independent future in a world dealing with the effects of climate change and

the rising demand for portable energy solutions. These innovative power banks effectively

convert the sun's abundant energy, waste heat, and wind energy into usable electricity.

These innovations are set to transform how we access and use energy, whether in urban

settings or off-grid communities, by lowering our dependency on conventional power

sources and improving portable power generation. The development of the power bank will

benefit the following:

First, an environmentally beneficial and sustainable power source, the solar and

heat energy power bank harnesses renewable energy from the sun and heat. These power

banks don't emit any greenhouse gasses, which helps protect the environment and promotes

cleaner air.

Second, assuring communities can stay connected and informed during

emergencies requires ensuring uninterrupted power access, especially in areas with

unstable or limited electrical supply. This improves community resilience in the face of

adversity and contributes to safety.

Third, these portable power sources ensure that your devices continue to function

even when there is no access to electricity. They make it convenient to keep devices like

smartphones and tablets charged while you are on the go. In conclusion, solar power banks
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give gadget owners a practical, environmentally responsible, and adaptable power source

that guarantees their devices will function under a variety of conditions.

Lastly, no matter where they are, students can continuously obtain electricity

courtesy of these innovative power solutions. The power bank makes sure that students

access educational resources, participate in virtual classrooms, and finish assignments

wherever they live or are studying in a world where digital literacy and remote learning are

important.

The goal of the study is to test the capability and acceptability of JIYVIE: An Undying

Three-way Powered Bank in terms of the amount of electricity gained & transferred per

hour. This study will be conducted at Regional Science High School for R1 from August 2023

to May 2024. The main objective of this study is to make power banks that are economically

viable, environmentally sustainable, and can provide power to gadgets without even

charging the power bank. Likewise, the quality of the device and the acceptability of the

device in terms of battery capacity, functionality, cost, and portability will be evaluated by

the chosen gadget users via an acceptability test, specifically a questionnaire survey form.

To ensure clarity and comprehension, the following terms are provided with their

practical definitions:

Battery Percent Charge is the percentage that represents the amount of a battery's

capacity that is currently charged.

Concentrated solar power is the energy from the sun that is focused by mirrors to

power conventional steam turbines or electricity-generating engines in concentrated solar

power (CSP) plants.

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Concentrated solar power (CSP) technology converts energy from the sun's heat to

generate power.

Efficiency pertains to the efficiency with which energy is transformed using

different charge input resources into the device.

Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) is the most efficient and best type of

solar panel in today's generation.

Photovoltaic (PV) cells are components of solar panels that directly generate

electricity from sunlight.

A power bank is a transportable electrical energy storage device that is used to

charge other electronic gadgets on the road, such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

The Seebeck Effect happens when a thermocouple's ends are exposed to a

temperature difference, electricity is generated between them.

Solar Power is the tool for the conversion of the energy coming from the sun to

electricity.

Thermoelectric devices are materials that have the capability of converting heat into

electricity.

Thermoelectric generators (TEG) are solid-state devices that use the Seebeck effect

to directly convert heat flow (temperature differential) into electrical energy.

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CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY
This chapter shows the materials, techniques, and processes used to carry out the

investigation. To ensure that data collection errors were avoided, materials and procedures

were thoroughly considered. Lastly, protocols were demonstrated to confirm and ensure

that there was little to no error in the experiment's creation.

Research Design

This study utilized a quantitative approach. A systematic method for gathering and

evaluating numerical data, the quantitative research design can significantly advance

innovation and provide guidance for the patent application process. In addition to the

methods and tools that researchers can use to enhance their research efforts, the article will

go over the benefits of using quantitative research design in innovation and the patent

application process (Saikia, 2023).

This research used an experimental research design that involves two sets of

variables, specifically the JIYVIE: An Undying Two Way Power Bank as the independent

while the dependent variables are the amount of battery percent gained per hour and the

percent charged per interval of the device in charging mobile phones. According to Bhat

(2023), an experimental type of research design is an effective instrument for

comprehending causes and effects. Understanding how various factors affect a study's

outcome depends on the capacity to control variables and track their effects.

Specifically, this research utilizes a true experimental research design, according to

Bhat (2023), this type of experimental research design relies on statistical analysis to accept

or reject a hypothesis, making it the most accurate form of research. Descriptive research
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will also be utilized in assessing the productivity of the device. According to McCombes

(2019), descriptive research aims to accurately describe a phenomenon or experimentation

from the observation of the researchers.

In addition, the researchers also included developmental research design to further

evaluate the function and criteria of the devices. According to Richey (2019),

developmental research is described as the systematic study of creating, producing, and

assessing instructional programs, processes, and products that must fulfill internal

consistency and effectiveness requirements. This is in contrast to basic instructional

development. Research on developmental processes is especially significant when it comes

to instructional technology. The scenarios where the product-development process is

examined, explained, and the finished product is assessed are the most prevalent kinds of

developmental research.

Overall, the qualitative approach aims to determine the numerical acceptability of

the power bank. The experimental research and developmental research allows the

researchers to test the device to formulate interpretations and conclusions from the gathered

data. The dependent variable is the charge source input/output, and the independent

variable is the acceptability and efficacy of the power bank.

Materials and Equipment

In the creation of the device, certain materials, and equipment were used to ensure

and meet the proper protocols, as well as the safety and exact creation of the device’s

design. The power bank main case was digitally sketched using Blender software and was

subjected to 3-D printing, which also includes the sanding process, and coloring process.
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In assembling the circuit of the power bank, specifically on the wirings, a soldering iron

was used to properly establish the circuit's diagram.

Figure 1. Illustration and Scale of the 3d Printed Case of Power Bank

Figure 2. Illustration and Scale of the 3d Printed Cover Case of Power Bank
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General Procedures

Gathering of Materials

The materials including a mini wind generator, two TEGs, one solar panel, a

battery, a motherboard, and a battery percentage checkerboard needed for the development

of the device were purchased online and in physical stores as well. Once the device's

components had been gathered, the researchers collaborated with professionals in creating

the device. Trial and error were utilized in the device's development to ensure that the

researchers developed it effectively.

Table 1. Parts and Functions

Parts Functions

PERC SOLAR PANEL PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Contact) solar panels
convert sunlight into electricity.
THERMOELECTRIC The module uses the Seebeck effect to transform
GENERATOR (TEG) thermal energy into electrical power.
MODULE
WIND GENERATOR The generator converts the wind energy into electricity
TURBINE
LI-ION 10000 mah BATTERY Batteries are useful as a power source and provide
energy through the circuit.
POWER BANK BOARD A multi-functional type of board that carries input and
output flow, as well as the overall connection of parts.
DIGITAL BATTERY It checks the percentage of the battery in the
CHECKER experimentation process
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Billing of materials

Table 2. Cost of materials in the fabrication of the device

Name Quantity Cost Price Total

Power Bank 3d Printed Case 1 Php 2358.86 Php 2358.85

Power Bank 3d Printed Case Cover 1 Php 1667.09 Php 1667.09
Power Bank Mother Board 1 Php 289 Php 289
6 meters 18 AWG Stranded Silicon 2 Php 30 Php 60
Wire
5v 68*36mm Solar Panel 1 Php 176 Php 176
DC 0.1V-5.5V 100-6000RPM Micro 1 Php 268 Php 268
Vertical Wind Turbine
TM 127 Thermoelectric Geberator 2 Php 119 Php 138
Power Bank Battery Checker 1 Php 148 Php 148
5mm White LED Light 2 Php 10 Php 20

Prototype Design

The power bank was designed using SketchUp software. The prototype design was

used as a basis for the creation of the power bank. However, the final design can change

due to the very limited knowledge about the exact sizes and shapes of the parts of the

developed power bank, making the prototype not truly accurate.

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Figure 3. Illustration of the Power Bank.

Figure 4. Circuit Diagram

One of the key features of the developed power bank is it can charge its battery at

night using heat energy, this is one of the advantages of the power bank compared to the

solar power banks in the market. It has the same function as the very big thermal generators,

but one of its advantages is portability, making it very easy and handy to carry wherever

you go. The use of heat and sun energy makes the all-day charging of the power bank

possible.
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Assembling the Machine

Before assembling the device the researchers gathered the materials to be used in

the making of the device. They followed some safety measures and protocols. This

includes wearing personal protective equipment such as safety goggles, safety gloves,

safety shoes, and a laboratory coat while creating the device to avoid hazardous conditions.

The assembling of the device was guided by the circuit diagram, every part is

connected using a soldering iron. The three electricity generators were attached to a battery

charger and were connected to a battery following the positive and negative terminals. The

researchers made a layout of the 3D case and subjected it to 3D printing and it was used

for the whole device after that it was enclosed with the 3-D printed case, and the solar

panels were glued above the device.

Figure 5. 3d Printing the Case of the JIYVIE

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The researchers made a layout of the 3D case and subjected it to 3D printing, then

it was used for the whole device as a protective case of the circuit system. The case was

resized to fit in the parts of the JIYVIE.

Figure 6. Post-process of the 3d Printed Case of the JIYVIE

After the 3d printing process, the case of JIYVIE underwent a sanding process,

wherein the edges and sides were smoothened to prevent any uneven surfaces. Then, it was

subjected to a painting process, the case and cover were colored in an orange shade.

Figure 7. Assembling the Device for the Experimentation Process

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The device was assembled in a temporary case to test its functions, and a digital

battery checker was connected to the battery to monitor the percentage of the JIYVIE. A

soldering iron and a 0.3mm soldering lead were used to connect the wires of every part,

then a glue gun was utilized to maintain the places of every component.

Figure 8. Assembling the Device for the Acceptability Test

The device was assembled for the gathering of data for the acceptability test, and

every part of the circuit system was properly connected using a soldering iron with 0.3mm

tin iron wire as the soldering lead. The 3d printed case was used as the whole enclosure of

the device. Every wire was organized using electrical tape, and the parts like the battery,

wind generator, and power bank board were glued using a glue gun.

Data Gathering

In selecting the respondents the researchers made sure that respondents were

familiar with the device and that they had owned and used a power bank. The researchers

constructed a survey form validated by professionals and then it was distributed to the
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respondents who have substantial knowledge about the said device to ensure that data is

relevant, valid, and reliable.

To obtain the needed data, an acceptability test was used to determine if certain

parameters of the study were fulfilled by the usage of the devices. It was evaluated by

purposely selecting 30 respondents to be specific; it will be evaluated by 3 licensed

professionals, 2 engineers, and 26 users using the 5-point Likert scale. The 5-point Likert

scale is a type of psychometric response that is easy to answer by only giving their level of

agreement with 5 being the highest and 1 being the lowest.

Acceptability Tool

The acceptability tool is used to obtain useful information for examining the extent

to which an intervention meets the needs of the target population and organizational setting.

A survey form was employed among selected respondents to assess the acceptability of the

device using the Likert scale, providing a score from 1 to 5, with 5 representing the highest

level of acceptability and 1 representing the lowest. The Likert scale was built to assess the

acceptability of the device in terms of Functionality, Safety, Reliability, Durability, User

Satisfaction, and Portability

Table 3. 5-point Likert Scale for Functionality

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device can have

(VHA) exceptional
functionality, surpassing
expectations
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4 Highly Acceptable (HA) The device can perform

well, meeting most
requirements and
expectations

3 Acceptable (A) The device can perform

satisfactorily but could
be improved in some
areas

2 Slightly Acceptable (SA) The device lacks

essential features and
frequently fails
performance

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is completely

inadequate and did not
fulfill its purpose at all

Table 4. 5-point Likert Scale for Safety

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is safe for regular

(VHA) use.

4 Highly Acceptable (HA) The device feels safe but

with minimal risks.

3 Acceptable (A) The device is generally safe

but could benefit from
additional features.
2 Slightly Acceptable The device's safety features
(SA) are insufficient, and usage
feels risky.
1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device poses significant
safety risks and lacks critical
safety features.
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Table 5. 5-point Likert Scale for Reliability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is reliable,

(VHA) without significant
problems.
4 Highly Acceptable The device operates with
(HA) minimal issues or
breakdowns.
3 Acceptable (A) The device occasionally
encounters issues.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device often

(SA) experiences performance
issues.
1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is highly prone
to malfunctions, and
frequent breakdowns.

Table 6. 5-point Likert Scale for Durability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device maintains

(VHA) integrity even under harsh
conditions
4 Highly Acceptable The device is sturdy and
(HA) durable and withstands
regular use effectively
3 Acceptable (A) The device could benefit
from the enhanced build
quality.
2 Slightly Acceptable The device may
(SA) experience damage with
regular use.
1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is extremely
fragile, and prone to
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damage even with light

use.

Table 7. 5-point Likert Scale for User Satisfaction

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is very highly

(VHA) commendable.

4 Highly Acceptable The device is likely

(HA) commendable.
3 Acceptable (A) The device is somewhat
commendable.
2 Slightly Acceptable The device is unlikely
(SA) commendable.
1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is not highly
commendable.

Table 8. 5-point Likert Scale for Portability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is effortless to

(VHA) carry around.
4 Highly Acceptable The device is lightweight
(HA) and fairly easy to carry,
contributing to good
portability.
3 Acceptable (A) The device is somewhat
portable, but
improvements are
needed.
2 Slightly Acceptable The device is very heavy
(SA) and challenging to carry,
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1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is extremely

heavy and almost
impossible to carry
around.
Battery Percent Gained Rate

Before the testing of the different inputs of charge of the JIYVIE, the solar panel,

wind generator, and thermoelectric generator, each was tested by modifying the circuit and

blocking the flow of the two inputs and only one input was utilized, the green light

represent the inputs are working properly. The modification and blocking of inputs allowed

the researchers to test and observe the percentage gained rate without any factors that may

change the performance of each input. A digital battery checker was also been connected

to the batteries to monitor the battery percent gained by the JIYVIE power bank. The

devices were discharged at 0% to fully observe and test the performance of the power bank

inputs.
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Figure 9. Modification of the JIYVIE

The researcher will test the percentage gained rate every hour in charging the

devices in terms of solar panel efficiency by leaving them directly under the sun from 9:00

am to 2:00 pm in two replicates of experimentation.

Two sets of tests also were executed to test the percentage gained rate every hour

of the JIYVIE in terms of wind generator efficiency and thermoelectric generator

efficiency by leaving the JIYVIE in a constant rate of wind energy and in warm areas,

respectively. Since commercialized power banks have no integrated wind generators and
 26

thermal generators, the efficiency of solar panels has only been compared between the two

devices.

Efficacy Rate in Charging Mobile Phones

In testing the efficacy rate, the researchers charged a mobile phone that was 0%

using the two devices and recorded it by observing the phone’s battery percentage at set

intervals after 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. The same phone will

be used in each devices.

using the two devices and recorded it by observing the phone’s battery percentage

at set intervals after 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. The same phone

will be used in each devices.

Figure 10. Testing the Efficacy Rate of the Devices

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Data Management

The data was interpreted by computing and comparing the mean of each recorded

data from the experimentation. In analyzing the data, the mean was calculated from the

given data of each parameter using the Likert Scale as the quantitative analysis tool.

Statistical tool Mann Whitney will be used to examine the data gathered because it is

recommended for studies with 2 groups or samples.

Table 9. Criteria for Interpreting the Five-point Likert Scale

Rating Statistical Range Description

5 4.21-5.00 Very Highly Acceptable

4 3.41-4.20 Highly Acceptable

3 2.61-3.40 Acceptable

2 1.81-2.60 Slightly Acceptableii

1 1.00-1.80 Not Acceptable

The statistical method used in this study is the Mann-Whitney U Test. The Mann-

Whitney U Test evaluates the probability that two sampled groups are from the same

population and provides evidence regarding whether the groupings are representative of

populations with varying concentrations of an interest variable (McClenaghan, 2023).

Ethical Considerations
 28

The researchers ensured that ethics were observed in the gathering of data. All

gathered data collected from the experiment will be shown and input by the researchers.

Reliability and accuracy are crucial while gathering data. The researcher guarantees that

no information has been fabricated in any way and that all of the data supplied is accurate

and based on the results of the experiment. To reduce bias and maintain consistency,

researchers must adhere to established protocols. The researchers would conduct

themselves with honesty, integrity, and secrecy all through the entire process.
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Figure 10. Flowchart of Activities

 30

Chapter III

Results and Discussion

This chapter encompasses the data collected that was statistically analyzed and

measured using the mean of analysis, including the interpretation of results and discussion.

Table 10. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Functionality

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.73 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 3.9 Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows the functionality test result wherein the mean of the Jiyvie power

bank is 4.73, having a descriptive rating of very high acceptable compared to the

commercialized power bank which has a mean of 3.9, with a descriptive rating of highly

acceptable. The data shows that the Jiyvie power has exceptional functionality, surpassing

expectations.

Table 11. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Reliability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 4.33 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows the reliability test result wherein the mean of the Jiyvie power bank

is 4.43, with a descriptive rating of very high acceptable compared to the commercialized
 31

power bank with a mean of 4.33 with a very highly acceptable descriptive rating. The data

shows that the Jiyvie power is reliable, without minimal issues or breakdowns.

Table 12. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Portability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 3.1 Acceptable

Commercialized 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows the portability test result wherein the mean of the Jiyvie power

bank is 3.1, having a descriptive rating of acceptable compared to the commercialized

power bank with a mean of 4.43, with a very highly acceptable descriptive rating. The data

shows that the Jiyvie power is somewhat portable, but improvements are needed.

Table 13. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Durability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.4 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 4.4 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows the durability test result where the mean of the Jiyvie power bank

and commercialized power bank is 4.4, possessing a very high acceptable descriptive

rating. The data shows that the Jiyvie power maintains integrity even under harsh

conditions.
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Table 14. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of User Satisfaction

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.6 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 4.17 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows the user satisfaction test result wherein the mean of the Jiyvie

power bank is 4.6, possessing a descriptive rating of very high acceptable compared to the

commercialized power bank with a mean of 4.17 with a very highly acceptable descriptive

rating. The data shows that the Jiyvie power is very commendable and user-friendly.

Table 15. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Safety

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 4.53 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank
The table shows the safety test result wherein the mean of the Jiyvie power bank is

4.43, possessing a descriptive rating of very high acceptable compared to the

commercialized power bank which has a mean of 4.53, with a descriptive rating of highly

acceptable. The data shows that the Jiyvie power is extremely safe, with robust safety

features, and minimal risks.

 33

Table 16. Mean of battery percent charge rate

Mean of battery percent charge rate (%/hr)

Device
Solar Panel Wind Generator Thermoelectric
Generator

JIYVIE 13 % per hr 15 % per hr 2 % per hr

Commercialized 13 % per hr N/A N/A

power bank

This table shows the mean and comparison of the battery percent charge rate per

hour of the two different devices, in terms of solar panel efficiency, as well as the

effectiveness of the wind generator and thermoelectric generator in charging JIYVIE.

The JIYVIE got an average of 13% per hour while the commercialized power bank

got also an average of 13% per hour. This implies that both power banks have the same

effectiveness in battery percent gained rate per hour in terms of solar panels.

The JIYVIE got an average of 15% per hour in terms of battery percent gained rate

per hour in wind generator, and an average of 2% per hour in terms of thermoelectric

generator.

Table 17. Efficacy rate (percent output charged per interval)

Device
Efficacy rate
JIYVIE Commercialized power
bank

30 minutes 28% 27%

60 minutes 57% 55%
 34

90 minutes 84% 81%

120 minutes 100% (fully charged at 101 100% (fully charged at 104
mins) mins)

This table shows that the researcher tested the efficacy rate of the devices by

charging a mobile phone that is 0% charged and recording its battery percentage at set

intervals after 30 minutes. 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. In 30 minutes, the

JIYVIE was able to charge the phone by 28% while the commercialized power bank was

able to charge the phone by 27%. Within 60 minutes, the JIYVIE was able to charge the

phone by 57% while the commercialized power bank was able to charge the phone by 55%.

Within 90 minutes, the JIYVIE was able to charge the phone by 84% while the

commercialized power bank was able to charge the phone by 81%. Finally, after 101

minutes, the JIYVIE was able to charge the phone by its maximum capacity (100%), while

at 104 minutes the commercialized was able to charge the phone by 100%.

The data shows that the JIYVIE was able to charge the mobile phone at an average

of 28% per 30-minute interval, while the commercialized power bank was able to charge

the mobile phone at an average of 27% per 30-minute interval. This means that the JIYVIE

is higher than the commercialized power bank with a difference of 1% per 30-minute

interval. In negation, according to Claire (2019), commercial products take at least 1.6

hours to charge a mobile phone at its maximum capacity, while the JIYVIE was able to

charge the mobile phone in 1.68 hours at its maximum capacity.

Table 18. Mann-Whitney U test of the Functionality

U-value z-score p-value

 35

Functionality 185 3.91048 0.0001

The table shows the result of the Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it

was found that the U-value is 185. The critical value of U at p < .05 is 185, the z-score is

3.91048 and the p-value is 0.0001.

Since the p-value is 0.0001, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is a

significant difference between the JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at

p < 0.05 in terms of the functionality of the product.

Table 19. Mann-Whitney U test of the Reliability

U-value z-score p-value

Reliability 419.5 0.44353 0.65994

The table shows the result of the Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it

was found that the U-value is 419.5. The critical value of U at p < .05 is419.5, the z-score

is 0.44353 and p-value is 0.65994.

Since the p-value is 0.65994, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to accept the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is no

significant difference between JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at p <

0.05 in terms of the reliability of the product.

 36

Table 20. Mann-Whitney U test of the Portability

U-value z-score p-value

Portability 117.5 -4.90843 0.00001

The table shows the result of Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it was

found that the U-value is117.5. The critical value of U at p < .05 is117.5, the z-score is -

4.90843 and p-value is 0.00001.

Since the p-value is 0.00001, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is

significant difference between JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at p <

0.05 in terms of the portability of the product.

Table 21. Mann-Whitney U test of the Durability

U-value z-score p-value

Durability 444 -0.08131 0.93624

The table shows the result of the Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it

was found that the U-value is 444. The critical value of U at p < .05 is 444, the z-score is -

0.08131 and p-value is 0.93624.

Since the p-value is 0.93624, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to accept the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is no

significant difference between JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at p <

0.05 in terms of the durability of the product.

 37

Table 22. Mann-Whitney U test of User Satisfaction

U-value z-score p-value

User Satisfaction 270.5 2.64641 .00804

The table shows the result of the Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it

was found that the U-value is 270.5. The critical value of U at p < .05 is 270.5, the z-score

is 2.64641 and p-value is 0.00804.

Since the p-value is 0.00804, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is

significant difference between JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at p <

0.05 in terms of the user satisfaction of the product.

Table 23. Mann-Whitney U test of the Safety

U-value z-score p-value

Safety 430.5 -0.2809 0.77948

The table shows the result of Mann-Whitney U test of the data gathered and it was

found that the U-value is 430.5. The critical value of U at p < .05 is 430.5, the z-score is -

0.2809 and p-value is 0.77948.

Since the p-value is 0.77948, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05, the

decision is to accept the null hypothesis. Therefore, the result indicates that there is no

significant difference between the JIYVIE power bank and the commercial power bank at

p < 0.05 in terms of the safety of the product.

 38

Table 24. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in All Parameters

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.27 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized 4.29 Very Highly Acceptable
Power Bank

The table shows that the commercialized power bank yielded the best result with a

mean of 4.29 compared to the JIYVIE power bank with a mean of 4.27 in terms of

acceptability with all the parameters added by a 0.02 difference. Regarding the result of

the data gathered it was found that JIYVIE power bank yielded the best result in terms of

functionality, reliability, and user satisfaction. In addition, in terms of durability, the

JIYVIE power bank and commercialized power bank yielded the same mean of 4.4.

However, in terms of portability and safety, the commercialized power bank yielded the

best with a mean of 4.43 and 4.53, respectively, compared to the mean of JIYVIE with 3.1

and 4.43.

In terms of battery percent charge rate, it was found that both of the devices

generated the same amount of battery percent gained rate in terms of solar panels, but the

JIYVIE has an advantage in terms of wind generator and thermoelectric generator, having an

average of 15% and 2% per hour in battery percent gained rate. Moreover, the efficacy rate of

the JIYVIE power bank yielded the best result with intervals of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90

minutes, and 120 minutes.

 39

Chapter IV

Conclusions and Recommendations

After the results were appropriately interpreted and analyzed, the following

conclusions have been derived. As this study draws to a close it was concluded that the

JIYVIE: An Undying Three-way Power Bank is highly effective in providing reliable and

efficient charging capabilities, as well as providing a good user experience. The JIYVIE

power bank acquired a very high level of acceptability in terms of its functionality,

reliability, durability, user satisfaction, and safety.

This also means that the JIYVIE power bank is highly effective in utilizing solar,

thermal, and wind energy to generate energy that can be used to charge different mobile

phones without needing to plug in. It guarantees a steady power supply and it also practices

sustainable energy.

However, the findings revealed that the commercial power bank is more highly

acceptable in terms of portability. Taking into consideration the findings and conclusions,

due to the limitations it is suggested for future researchers to improve the level of

portability of the device by utilizing materials that are more lightweight and smaller but do

not lower the efficiency and level of acceptability in other parameters but rather increase

it. Another recommendation is to improve the effectiveness of the integrated thermoelectric

generator, as well as to utilize solar energy by making the case fully covered in solar panels,

and a built-in case for the wind generator.

 40

Reference

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panel based microcontroller atmega 328. In IOP Conference Series:
Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 621, No. 1, p. 012008). IOP
Publishing.
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flexible thermoelectric device. Progress in Materials Science, 131, 101003.
Yun, J. S., Choi, S., & Im, S. H. (2021). Advances in carbon‐based thermoelectric
materials for high‐performance, flexible thermoelectric devices. Carbon
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Hayat, M. B., Ali, D., Monyake, K. C., Alagha, L., & Ahmed, N. (2019). Solar
energy—A look into power generation, challenges, and a solar‐powered future.
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Adeh, E. H., Good, S. P., Calaf, M., & Higgins, C. W. (2019). Solar PV power potential
is greatest over croplands. Scientific reports, 9(1), 11442.
Dhal, S. B., Agarwal, A., & Agarwal, K. (2016). Solar powered mobile power bank
systems. American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 4(5), 148-
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Emetere, M. E., Osunlola, O. I., Adejumo, A. D., & Dauda, A. O. (2018). Design and
Construction of A Domestic Solar Power Bank in a Convective Environment. The
Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal, 11(1).
Robyns, B., Davigny, A., François, B., Henneton, A., & Sprooten, J. (Eds.). (2021).
Electricity production from renewable energies. John Wiley & Sons
Zoui, M. A., Bentouba, S., Stocholm, J. G., & Bourouis, M. (2020). A review on
thermoelectric generators: Progress and applications. Energies, 13(14), 3606.
Wong, K. H., & bin Daud, M. Z. (2020, December). Thermoelectric Generator for
Charging Mobile Devices. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Power and
Energy (PECon) (pp. 29-34). IEEE.
Calbang, L. J. P., Dizon, M. D., Tolentino, A. S., Yumul, B. J. M., Yusores JR, N. G.,
Mallari, S. V., & Tangcuangco, A. L. HEAT UP AND CHARGE: A 33.6 AMP-
HOUR SOLAR POWER BANK USING 18650 LITHIUM-ION
BATTERIES.
P. Raman, A. (2019, September 19). Thermoelectric Device Generates Light from
‘Darkness of Space.’ SCI NEWS. Retrieved October 20, 2023, from
https://www.sci.news/technologies/thermoelectric-device-light-darkness-
space- 07591.html
 41

Saikia, R. (2023, April 12). Harnessing Quantitative Research Design: Unleashing the
potential of quantitative research in the realm of innovation and patent filing.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/harnessing-quantitative-research-design-
unleashing-potential-saikia

Bhat, A. (2023b, November 24). Experimental Research: What it is + Types of designs.

QuestionPro.https://www.questionpro.com/blog/experimental
research/#:~:text=Experimental%20research%20is%20a%20study,%2C%20for%
20example%2C%20are%20experimental.

Bevans, R. (2022, January 22). An Introduction to t Tests | Definitions, Formula and

Examples. Scribbr.

Tripathi, N. (2024, January 12). Everything you need to know about Likert Scale in 2024.
Ramakant Baunthiyal. https://www.surveysensum.com/blog/everything-you-
need-to-know-about-the-likert
scale#:~:text=A%205%2Dpoint%20Likert%20scale%20is%20a%20psychometric
%20response%20method,%3B%20(5)%20Strongly%20Agree.

McCombes, S. (2023, June 22). Descriptive Research | Definition, Types, Methods &
Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/

Hossain, M. Z., Rahman, S. A., Hasan, M. I., Ullah, M. R., & Siddique, I. M. (2023).
Evaluating the effectiveness of a portable wind generator that produces electricity
using wind flow from moving vehicles. Journal of Industrial Mechanics, 8(2), 44-
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Energy, G. N. (2023, November 26). Solar Power Bank vs. Traditional Power Bank:
Which One is Right for You? Growatt.
https://growattportable.com/blogs/news/solar-power-bank

Karami Lakeh, H. (2021, December 17). What are the Pros and Cons of Renewable
Energy? Www.greenmatch.co.uk.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Resources -
Concept, Explanation, FAQs. (n.d.). BYJUS.
https://byjus.com/physics/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-renewable-and-non-
renewable-energy-sources/
 42

APPENDICES
 43

APPENDIX A

Table 1. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Functionality

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.73 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 3.9 Highly Acceptable

Table 2. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Reliability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 4.33 Very Highly Acceptable

Table 3. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Portability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 3.1 Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable

Table 4. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Durability

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.4 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 4.4 Very Highly Acceptable

 44

Table 5. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of User Satisfaction

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.6 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 4.17 Very Highly Acceptable

Table 6. Mean Result of Acceptability Test in Terms of Safety

Mean Descriptive Rating

JIYVIE Power Bank 4.43 Very Highly Acceptable

Commercialized Power Bank 4.53 Very Highly Acceptable

Table 7. Mean of battery percent charge rate

Mean of battery percent charge rate (%/hr)

Device
Solar Wind Thermoelectric
Panel Generator Generator

JIYVIE 13 % per 15 % per hr 2 % per hr

hr
Commercialized power 13 % per N/A N/A
bank hr
 45

Table 8. Efficacy rate (percent output charged per interval)

Device
Efficacy rate
JIYVIE Commercialized power bank

30 minutes 28% 27%

60 minutes 57% 55%
90 minutes 84% 81%
120 minutes 100% (fully charged at 101 mins) 100% (fully charged at 104 mins)

Table 9. Mann-Whitney U test of the Functionality

U-value z-score p-value

Functionality 185 3.91048 0.0001

Table 10. Mann-Whitney U test of the Reliability

U-value z-score p-value

Reliability 419.5 0.44353 0.65994

Table 11. Mann-Whitney U test of the Portability

U-value z-score p-value

Portability 117.5 -4.90843 0.00001

Table 12. Mann-Whitney U test of the Durability

U-value z-score p-value

Durability 444 -0.08131 0.93624

 46

Table 13. Mann-Whitney U test of User Satisfaction

U-value z-score p-value

User Satisfaction 270.5 2.64641 .00804

Table 14. Mann-Whitney U test of the Safety

U-value z-score p-value

Safety 430.5 -0.2809 0.77948

 47

APPENDIX B

Sample Consent Form

Region I
La Union Schools Division Office
REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL FOR REGION 1

_______________________________________________________________________

INFORMED CONSENT

Greetings!

You are invited to take part in a research study being conducted by Jinru Raphael
Bumanglag, Ivie Rose Acosta, Mae Yvette Lardizabal from Regional Science High School
for Region I entitled, “Jiyvie: An Undying Three-Way Powered Bank.”

The purpose of this quantitative research is to determine the acceptability of Three-

Way Powered Bank in terms of Functionality, Reliability,Portability, Durability,
User satisfaction and Safety.

If you agree to collaborate with the researchers, you'll receive a guide to assess the
product's acceptability. Your evaluations will focus on your perspective on the product. A
survey form will be provided to record all details accurately for future reference. After the
study concludes, all documents will be securely disposed of.
_______________________________________________________________________

I have read the preceding information. The researchers have given me a chance to ask
questions about it and I am convinced with all the answers they have given to me. This is
to certify that I willingly participate on the said study.

Print Name of Participant: _____________________________

Signature of Participant: _____________________________

Date: ____________________________
 48

APPENDIX C

Acceptability Test Guide

Name:______________________________ Panelist No._________

Occupation:_________________________ Age:________

Address:____________________________

This survey form aimed to determine the level of acceptability between the YVIE:
AN UNDYING TWO-WAY POWERED BANK and a commercial power bank in terms
of Functionality, Reliability, Portability, Durability, User Satisfaction, and Safety.

Table 1. Functionality

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device can have

(VHA) exceptional
functionality,surpassing
expectations

4 Highly Acceptable (HA) The device can perform

well, meeting most
requirements and
expectations

3 Acceptable (A) The device can perform

satisfactorily but could
be improved in some
areas

2 Slightly Acceptable (SA) The device lacks

essential features and
frequently fails
performance

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is

completely inadequate
and did not fulfill its
purpose at all
 49

Table 2. Safety

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is safe for regular

(VHA) use.

4 Highly Acceptable (HA) The device feels safe but

with minimal risks.

3 Acceptable (A) The device is generally safe

but could benefit from
additional features.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device's safety features

(SA) are insufficient, and usage
feels risky.

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device poses significant

safety risks and lacks critical
safety features.
 50

Table 3. Reliability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is reliable,

(VHA) without significant
problems.

4 Highly Acceptable The device operates with

(HA) minimal issues or
breakdowns.

3 Acceptable (A) The device occasionally

encounters issues.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device often

(SA) experiences performance
issues.

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is highly prone

to malfunctions, and
frequent breakdowns.

Table 4. Durability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device maintains

(VHA) integrity even under harsh
conditions

4 Highly Acceptable The device is sturdy and

(HA) durable and withstands
regular use effectively

3 Acceptable (A) The device could benefit

from the enhanced build
quality.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device may

(SA) experience damage with
regular use.

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is extremely

fragile, and prone to
damage even with light
use.
 51

Table 5. User Satisfaction

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is very highly

(VHA) commendable.

4 Highly Acceptable The device is likely

(HA) commendable.

3 Acceptable (A) The device is somewhat

commendable.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device is unlikely

(SA) commendable.

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is not highly

commendable.
 52

Table 6. Portability

Rating Descriptive Rating Description

5 Very Highly Acceptable The device is effortless to

(VHA) carry around.

4 Highly Acceptable The device is lightweight

(HA) and fairly easy to carry,
contributing to good
portability.

3 Acceptable (A) The device is somewhat

portable, but
improvements are
needed.

2 Slightly Acceptable The device is very heavy

(SA) and challenging to carry,

1 Not Acceptable (NA) The device is extremely

heavy and almost
impossible to carry
around.
 53

APPENDIX D

Validated Acceptability Tool

54
55
 56

APPENDIX E

Plates

Plate 1. Illustration and Scale of the 3d Printed Case of Power Bank

 57

Plate 2. Printing the 3d Case of JIYVIE

 58

Plate 3. Post process of the 3d Printed Case of the JIYVIE

 59

Plate 4. Assembling the Device for the Experimentation Process

 60

Plate 5. Experimentation Process

 61

Plate 6. Modification of the JIYVIE

 62

Plate 7. Testing the Input Sources for Solar Energy

 63

Plate 8. Testing the Input Sources for Wind Energy

 64

Plate 9. Testing the Input Sources for Thermal Energy

 65

Plate 10. Testing the Input Sources for Thermal Energy

 66

Plate 12. Assembling the Device for the Acceptability Test

 67

Documentation

Plate 12. Data Gathering

 68

Plate 13. Date Gathering

 69

Plate 14. Data Gathering

 70

Appendix F

Raw Data
71
72
73
74
75
76
 77

APPENDIX G

Data Logbook

Date Activities

September 29, 2023 Title Defense

The researchers present 5 different titles. The

study entitled “ YVIE: An Undying Two-way
Powered Bank” was chosen

October 18, 2023 Crafting of Chapter 1

Gathering all the information needed from

reliable sources.

December 14, 2023 Creating a draft for Chapter 2

January 12, 2024 Chapter II was submitted for checking.

January 13, 2024 The researchers incorporated the revision

needed for Chapter 2.

January 18, 2024 The researchers conducted an initial

presentation discussing the contents of both
Chapter 1 and Chapter 2.

January 20, 2024 The researchers canvassed the required

materials.
 78

February 10, 2024 The researchers started to gather the needed

materials.

February 27, 2024 Arrival of all materials that were ordered

online.

March 10, 2024 The researchers started to assemble the

device.

March 28, 2024 The researchers made a layout of the 3D case

and subjected it to 3D printing, then it was

used for the whole device as a protective case

of the circuit system.

April 1, 2024 The researchers presented the content of

chapter 1-3 during the pre-oral defense in

preparation for the final defense.This was a

step for the researchers to improve and refine

their research paper.

April 4, 2024 Applying final touches for the device.

April 5, 2024 Gathering of data for the level of acceptability

of the device.
 79

April 15, 2024 Analyzing the data collected and crafting of

Chapter 3 using the acquired data.

April 17, 2024 Crafting of Chapter 4 based on the result of the

acquired data and providing recommendations
for future researchers.

April 20, 2024 Crafting of the final manuscript and including

the preliminaries

\
 80

Curriculum Vitae
81
82
83