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69 views13 pages

Solution of DDDDD

Qeer

Uploaded by

deeparshanstha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TRIBHUWAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
PULCHOWK CAMPUS

A
Detailed Design of
Single Phase Core Type Distribution Transformer

Submitted to:
Er . Purushottam khadka
Department of Electrical Engineering

Submitted by:
Sobit Thapa
072 BEL 338

Date of Submission: 2074/11/21


Question:
Design a 100 KVA, 50 Hz, 3300/400 V, single phase core type oil
immersed, natural cooled distribution transformer. The mean
temperature rise of oil not to exceed 35ºC.

DESIGN OF TRANSFORMER
Design of core:

We know Voltage per turn is,

Constant for volt per turn (K)=0.75 (from standard data table for single
phase core type distribution transformer)

E t=0. 75√ 100


=7.5 volt/turn

= 0.03377Wb Using
the cold roll si steel

Area of iron, Ai= Φm/Bm =0.02518 m2 =25.18*103 mm2

Using three stepped core:


[Assuming ks=0.9] Ai=
0.6d2 so
d=204.857 mm
Dimensions of core section, Largest
stamping
a=0.9d=184.371 mm
Middle stamping
b=0.7d=143.4 mm
Smallest stamping
c=0.42d=86.039 mm

Design of Window:

For 100 KVA,3.3kv


Window space factor

Taking value of current density =2.5 A/mm2

We have,

Q=2.22*f*Φ m*Aw*kw*δ*10
-3

So,
Aw=0.0356m2=35.608*103 mm2 Taking the
ratio Hw/Ww =2.5
2.5*Ww2 = 35.608*103 mm2
.. . Ww = 119.345 mm Hw = 298.363 mm

Distance between adjacent limbs:

D=Ww+d
D=119.345+204.857 =324.202 mm
Design of Yoke:

Taking area of yoke: Ay=Ai= 25.18*103 mm2


Gross area of yoke: Agy = 25.18*103 /0.9 = 27.977103 mm2
Taking rectangular section of yoke,

Dy=a =184.371 mm
Hy=Agy / Dy =151.74 mm

Overall core dimension

Overall height of frame (H):

H=Hw + 2*Hy
H=601.843 mm

Width of frame (W):


W=D+a
W=508.573 mm

Design of LV winding (Secondary winding):


Secondary voltage Vs = 400 V
No. of turns =T2= Vs /Et = 400/= 53..33≈53 turns Current on
secondary Is= 125/0.4 = 250
Current density δ =2.5 A/mm2
Area of a secondary conductor =a2 = 250/2.5 = 100 mm2
Taking four strips of rectangular conductors having thickness = 3.5mm
and width = 10 mm
now, new area of conductor = 4*3.5*10 = 140mm2 new current
density = 250/140 = 1.78 A/mm2
considering increase in thickness and width due to paper insulation, new
thickness = 4 mm and new width = 10.5 mm
Taking two layers of secondary conductor of 24 winding each
dimension of single insulated conductor = 4*10.5 = 42mm2 Axial depth
of L.V winding = 24*10.5 =252mm
Clearance on each side of yoke = mm
Radial depth of L.V winding = 2*4*3.5 = 28mm
Inside diameter of L.V winding = 20.23 + 2*0.536 = 21.016cm
Outside diameter of L.V winding = 21.016+2*0.35*4 = 23.816 cm
mean diameter of L.V winding = =22.416cm mean length of L.V
winding = П* 22.416 = 70.421 cm

 Design of High voltage Windings

Taking consideration of fact that the transformer to be designed is self


cooled and Distribution transformer selecting current density δ = 2.5
A/mm2

now number of turns to be made in primary winding is


Tp

= 440 turns

again considering 5.5% tapping , total no of turns = 1.055*440


=464turns
Current flowing in Primary winding is
Ip

= 30.30 A

Area of primary conductor is

ap

= 12.12 mm2

Diameter of primary conductor = 3.92 mm

Considering fine insulated covering having new d=4 mm

Now, new area of conductor=


New current density = 1 A/mm2

Considering 4layers of primary conductor having 69 turns each,

Axial depth of H.V winding = 69*4 = 276 mm


Clearance on each side of yoke = mm
Radial depth of H.V winding = 4*2.41 = 9.64mm
Inside diameter of H.V winding = 204.857 + 2*1.49 = 207.837mm
Outside diameter of H.V winding = 207.837+2*3.37 = 214.577mm
mean diameter of H.V winding = = 211.207mm
mean length of H.V winding = П* 211.207=6.635 cm

 Calculation of Operating Characteristic

Calculation of Resistance

Resistivity of copper at 75°𝐶𝐶 (𝜌𝜌) = 0.021𝛺𝛺 mm2⁄𝛷𝛷

resistance of primary winding is


rp

resistance of secondary winding is

rs
Now,
Total resistance referred to primary side
Rp

Per unit voltage drop in the resistance of transformer


Er pu

Leakage reactance

Height of the winding


= 264 mm

P.U. leakage reactance

AT= Ampere turn of either winding = 30.30* 440=13332 a


= 10 mm b1= 28 mm b2= 29.975 mm

= .0.0000458p.u.
P.U. impedance =√0.00004582 + 0.00532 = 0.53 p.u.

Regulation ϵ

ΕrCosφ+ ΕxSin φ

Per unit regulation at unity pf :0.0053∗1=0.0053 pu

Per unit regulation at 0.8 pf 0.0053∗0.8+0.0000485∗0.6=0.00422pu

= 0.42%
Calculation of Losses:

Copper loss

I2R loss = I12 * R1


= (30.30)2 *0.58
= 519.237 W
Taking 7.5% as stray loss

Total copper loss =Pc = 1.075*519.237 = 558.1801W

Core loss

Taking density of laminations for CROS = 5*103 kg/m3


Weight of two limbs
= 2* height of window* iron area*density
= 2*0.298* 0.02518*5*103 kg
= 87.8782kg

Weight of two yokes


= 2*iron area of yoke (Ayi) * width of frame (W) * density
= 2*0.02518*0.508*5*1000
=127.9144kg

As CROS is used so taking area of yoke to be equal to area of limb


Bm for yoke =Bm for limb= 1.5 Wb/m2
From the graph specific core loss = 1.01 W/Kg

Total core loss =Pi= 1.01*(87.8782 +127.98)


= 218.06 W
Total Loss at full load =iron loss + copper loss =558.1+ 218.1
=776.2W

Calculation of Efficiency:

At unity pf = %
At 0.8 pf = = 99.03%

Calculation of No load current

Total magnetizing mmf = 2* at* (Lc + Ly)


From graph the values of magnetizing mmf
𝑎t= 𝑎tc = 𝑎ty = 160 𝐴⁄m and

Length of core Lc = Hw = 0.256𝛷


Length of yoke = Ly = 𝑊 = 0.512𝛷

Total magnetizing mmf


= 2*160*(0.256+0.512)
= 245.76 AT
Magnetizing current

Loss component of current

Total no load current

No-load current as % of full load current is

 Design of cooling system

Tank Design:

Overall frame height = 601mm


Allowing 50 mm at the base and about 170 mm oil level above the core.
Thus total = 732 mm up to oil level. Allowing another 500 mm for lead,
etc.
Height of the tank= 1321mm

Width of the = Outside dia. of H.V. coil+ end clearances to


ank tank accommodate lead, etc. =214.57 + 2* 45

Length of the tank =D+ outside dia. of H.V. coil + tank


end clearances =324.202+477.59+2*40
=881.792

Temperature Rise

For dissipation of heat only lateral surfaces of the tank are considered.
Total loss dissipating surface of the tank, St=2* 1.155 *1.5 + 2 *0.57*1.5
= 5.175m2
Full load loss to be dissipated = 776.2 W
Total specific loss dissipation due to convection and radiation is 12.5
W/m2/˚C temperature rise.
Temperature rise in ˚C= ˚C

Since the temperature rise is within limit of 35 ˚C so the provision of oil


tubes is not needed.

Weight of L.V. winding

Number of turns= 16
Length of mean turn= 1232.73 mm a2=1500mm2
Using density of copper = 8.89* 103 kg/m3
Weight of L.V. winding = 16 * 1.232*1500*10-6*8.89* 103=262.8kg

Weight of H.V. winding

Number of turns= 264


Length of mean turn= 1413.28 mm a1=90.9 mm2
Weight of L.V. winding = 264 * 1.413*90.9*10-6*8.89* 103=301.44 kg
Total weight of copper in transformer =564.3 kg

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