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Understanding Heat and Temperature Science 8 Q1

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
18 views3 pages

Understanding Heat and Temperature Science 8 Q1

summarized notes

Uploaded by

mellowangelii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Created by Turbolearn AI

Heat and Temperature 🌡️

Objectives
Define heat
Define temperature
Differentiate between heat and temperature at the molecular level
Explain the effects of heat on the body
Relate heat to mass and temperature through the concept of specific heat
capacity
Calculate the heat absorbed or released to raise or decrease the temperature of
a substance

Experiment: Heat Transfer


To demonstrate the concept of heat transfer, we conducted an experiment using a spoon, glass,
and hot water.

1. Fill the glass with hot water.


2. Record the temperature of the spoon hot, normal, orcold.
3. Put the spoon in the glass with hot water.
4. After a few minutes, remove the spoon from the glass and record its temperature
again.
Observation: The spoon becomes hotter after being placed in the hot water.

Definition of Heat
Heat refers to the process by which energy is transferred between objects because
of the difference in their temperatures. It tends to move from an object at a higher
temperature to an object at a lower temperature.

Definition of Temperature
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy per molecule in a
substance. It can be measured in degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin.

States of Matter and Temperature

Page 1
Created by Turbolearn AI

State of
Description Temperature
Matter
Atoms and molecules are in fixed positions, vibrating back and forth,
Solid Low
with strong bonds between them.
Atoms and molecules are close together, can move past each other,
Liquid Medium
with weak bonds between them.
Atoms and molecules are far apart, can move past each other, with
Gas High
almost no bonds between them.

Effects of Heat on the Body


When you touch a hot object, you feel a sensation of pain. This pain is related to the speed of
particles in the hot object. Particles in hot objects move faster than those in cold objects.

Specific Heat Capacity


Specific Heat Capacity: The measure of the amount of energy needed to change a
substance's temperature.

Substance Specific Heat Capacity J/g°C


Water 4.18
Oil 1.9

Example: When heating water and oil in separate pans, the oil will boil first because it has a
lower specific heat capacity than water.

Heat Capacity
Heat Capacity: The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object or substance
by 1 degree Celsius. It is dependent on the mass of the object.

Formula: Heat Capacity = Mass × Specific Heat Capacity × Change in Temperature

Sample Problem
Calculate the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 0°C to 10°C. The
water has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/g°C.

Given Value
Mass 1g
Specific Heat Capacity 4.18 J/g°C
Initial Temperature 0°C
Final Temperature 10°C

Page 2
Created by Turbolearn AI

Solution:

1. Find the given values.


2. Write the equation: Heat Capacity = Mass × Specific Heat Capacity ×
F inalT emperature − InitialT emperature
3. Substitute the values: Heat Capacity = 1 g × 4.18 J/g°C × 10°C − 0°C
4. Calculate the answer: Heat Capacity = 41.84 J

Page 3

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