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French Revolution - Questions

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24 views

French Revolution - Questions

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ujjwalshibu33011
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French Revolution – Questions

Name: Ujjwal Shibu


Exam No:9721
Class:9G

Section A (MCQ’s-1 mark)

Q1) What was France’s debt at the time Louis XVI’s


accession to the throne?
(a) Half a billion Livres
(b) Three billion euros
(c) Two billion Livres
(d) Three billion livres

Ans: (d) Three billion Livres

Q2) Lenders who gave the state credit began to charge


___ interest.
(a) 20%
(b) 18%
(c) 10%
(d) 5%
Ans: (c) 10%

Q3) You are a peasant during the Old Regime. What were
the taxes that would have to be paid by you?
(a) Tithes
(b) Taille
(c) Indirect taxes
(d) All of the above

Ans: (d) All of the above

Q4) You were one of the peasants from the third estate
who gathered at the indoor tennis court in Versailles
after the meeting of the Estates General. Who were you
being led by?
(a) John Locke and Montesquieu
(b) Mirabeau and Rousseau
(c) Abbe Sieyes and Mirabeau
(d) Maximillian Robespierre and Abbe Sieyes

Ans: (c) Abbe Sieyes and Mirabeau

Q5) When was the meeting of the Estates General last


conducted before 1789?
(a) 1724
(b) 1614
(c) 1615
(d) 1701

Ans: (b) 1614

Section B (Subjective-2 marks)

Q1) You are a 20-year-old man, who barely pays taxes


because you struggle to make ends meet. Would you be
able to vote in France as per the Constitution of 1791?

Ans) No, I would not be able to vote as:


i) Only men above 25 year of age were allowed to
vote.
ii) These men also had to pay taxes equivalent to 3
days of wages earned by a labourer.

Q2) How did the Constitution of 1791 allow France to


become a constitutional monarchy?

Ans) The Constitution of 1791 allowed France to become


a constitutional monarchy by:
i) Limiting the powers of the monarch
ii) These powers instead of being concentrated in the
hands of one person were separated into the
following- the Judiciary, Executive and Legislature.

Q3) Who were the middle class and what did they
believe in?

Ans)
i) The middle class was a new class hat emerged
during the eighteenth century, some of whom
earned wealth through trading overseas and
manufacturing woolen and silk textiles, while
others were lawyers and administrative officials.
ii) They believed that no group in society should be
privileged by birth, rather by merit.

Q4) Why did the gap between the poor and rich widen?

Ans)
i) Most workers were employed as labourers in
workshops and their wages were fixed.
ii) Their wages were not in pace with the rise in
prices.
Thus, the gap between the poor and the rich widened.
Q5) What decree was passed by the National Assembly
on the night of 4th August 1789?

Ans) The National Assembly passed a decree stating that:


i) The feudal system of obligations and taxes was to
be abolished.
ii) Tithes was to be abolished and land owned by
churches was to be confiscated.

Section C (Subjective-3 marks)


Q1) Why did the price of bread rise?

Ans) The price of bread rose because:


i) The population of France rose from 23 million in
1715 to 28 million in 1789.
ii) This led to a rapid increase in the demand for food
grains.
iii) Production of grain could not keep pace with the
rising demand.

Q2) Why was the reign of Robespierre from 1793 to 1794


referred to as Reign of Terror?
Ans) The reign of Robespierre from 1793 to 1794 is
referred to as Reign of Terror because:
i) Maximillian Robespierre followed a policy of
severe control and punishment.
ii) All those who disagreed with him (e.g.: ex-nobles
and clergy, members of other parties and
members of his own party) were seen as enemies
and were arrested, imprisoned and then tried by a
evolutionary tribunal.
iii) If found guilty they were guillotined.

Q4) How was the National assembly elected as per the


Constitution of 1791?

Ans) The National Assembly was elected indirectly.


i) First the people vote for electors who in turn
choose the members of the National Assembly.
ii) However not all people were allowed to vote.
iii) Only men above 25 years of age, who paid a tax
equal to 3 days of wages of a labourer were
allowed to vote. These men were called Active
citizens and the other citizens were Passive
Citizens.

Section D (Subjective-5 marks)


Q1) Write the meaning of the following political symbols:
i) The winged woman
ii) The eye within a triangle radiating light
iii) Red Phrygian cap
iv) Scepter
v) Broken chain

Ans) i) Personified the law


ii ) The eye symbolifies knowledge and the light drives
away ignorance.
iii ) Worn by slaves who were newly freed.
iv ) Symbol of royal power
v ) Stands for the act of becoming free.

Q2) Describe the members of the Jacobin Club.

Ans)
i) The members of the Jacobin Club came from less
prosperous sections of society, with many of them
being small shopkeepers, artisans, slaves and
daily-wage workers.
ii) They decided to wear long striped trousers like
those worn by dock workers.
iii) Their goal was to differentiate themselves from
the more fashionable sections of society, i.e. The
Nobles, who wore knee breeches.
iv) It was a way of proclaiming the end of the power
held by people who were knee breeched i.e. the
Nobles.
v) The men also wore the red Phrygian cap
symbolizing liberty. Women were not allowed to
do so.

Q3) What were the policies introduced by Robespierre


during his reign?

Ans) The policies introduced by Robespierre during his


reign were:
i) Meat and bread were rationed.
ii) Peasants were forced to sell their grain at fixed
prices in the cities.
iii) The use of white flour, which was usually used by
the first and second estates, was forbidden and all
citizens were required to eat equality bread, made
of wholewheat.
iv) Instead of the traditional Monsieur (Sir) and
Madame (Madam) all French men and women
were henceforth Citoyen(citizen) and
Citoyenne(citizen).
v) Churches were shut down and their buildings were
converted to carracks or offices.

Q4) Describe how Napoleon Bonaparte came into power.

Ans) The fall of the Jacobin Government allowed the


wealthier middle class to seize power:
i) A new constitution was introduced which denied
the vote to non-propertied sections of society.
ii) It provided for two legislative councils.
iii) These then appointed a Directory, an executive
made of five members.
iv) This was meant as a safeguard against the
concentration of power in the hands of one man
as in the Jacobin government.
v) However, the directors often clashed with the
legislative councils who dismissed them.
The political instability allowed the military dictator
Napoleon Bonaparte to take power.

Q5) The representatives of the third estate viewed themselves


as spokesmen for the whole French nation. On 20 June they
assembled in the hall of an indoor tennis court in the grounds
of Versailles. They declared themselves a National Assembly
and swore not to disperse till they had drafted a constitution
for France that would limit the powers of the monarch. They
were led by Mirabeau and Abbé Sieyès. Mirabeau was born in a
noble family but was convinced of the need to do away with a
society of feudal privilege. He brought out a journal and
delivered powerful speeches to the crowds assembled at
Versailles. Abbé Sieyès, originally a priest, wrote an influential
pamphlet called ‘What is the Third Estate’?

i) Why were the members of the third estate gathered in


the indoor tennis court at Versailles?

Ans) They were gathered at the indoor tennis court at


Versailles because:

1) The meeting of the Estates General had just taken place


and the members of the third estate wanted a vote taken
by head, rather than the one vote per estate system.
2) Louis XVI refused and the members if the third estate
walked out in protest and gathered at the indoor tennis
court to draft the constitution of France that would limit
the powers of the monarch.

ii) What did Mirabeau do?

Ans) He gave powerful speeches to the crowd assembled


there.

iii) What did Abbe Sieyes do?

Ans) He wrote the influential pamphlet, “What is the Third


Estate?”

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