NORMS AND STANDARDS FOR Ph.D.

THESIS FORMAT

Effective from August 2016

OFFICE OF THE DEAN

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY
LUCKNOW
 PREPARATION OF Ph.D. THESIS
(Prescribed Format & Specifications)
1.GENERAL:
This manual is intended to provide broad guidelines to the Ph.D. scholars in preparation of their theses.
In general, the thesis shall report, an account of original research work of the research scholar in an
organized and scholarly fashion, leading to the discovery of new facts or techniques or correlation of
facts already known (analytical, experimental, hardware oriented, etc.) and demonstrating a quality as to
make definite contribution to the advancement of knowledge. Further, it shall emphasize the research
scholar‟s ability to undertake sustained research and present the findings in an appropriate manner with
actual accomplishments of the work.
2. ARRANGEMENT OF THE CONTENTS OF THESIS:
The headings of all items listed below should be typed in capital letters and centered 50 mm below the
top of the page. The text should commence 4 lines below the main headings. All page numbers (whether
Roman numerals or Arabic numerals) should be typed on the lower right hand corner 20 mm from the
bottom with the last digit in line with the right hand margin. The page numbering for all the items from
(iii) to (xi) listed below should be done using lower case Roman numerals (starting from ii, iii, iv……..)
and the pages thereafter should be numbered using Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3……..) from chapter 1 till
the end of the appendices.
The sequence in which the thesis material should be arranged and bound is as follows:
(i) Cover Page
(ii) Title Page
(iii) Certificate/s(Supervisor and/or Co- Supervisor)
(iv) Abstract
(v) Declaration
(vi) Copyright Transfer Certificate
(vii) Acknowledgement
(viii) Table of Contents with page Numbers
(ix) List of Tables
(x) List of Figures
(xi) List of Symbols, Abbreviations, Nomenclature etc.
(xii) Chapters 1, 2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . .and so on
(xiii) Bibliography
(xiv) Appendices I, II, II………… and so on.
(xv) List of Publications of Candidate‟s work
3. SIZE OF THESIS: The size of thesis should not normally exceed 300 pages starting from the first
page of Chapter 1 to the last page of the Appendix.
4. COLOR OF THESIS: The thesis cover page shall be Dark Grey with golden text. Thesis title
(vertical direction) and year (horizontal direction) of passing PhD must be printed in golden text on the
spine of the thesis.
5. PAGE DIMENSIONS AND DIMENSIONAL MARGINS: The thesis should be typed on Standard
A4 size (297 mm X 210 mm) sheets.
Top edge 30 to 35 mm
Bottom edge 25 to 30 mm
Left side 35 to 40 mm
Right side 20 to 25 mm
The thesis should be prepared on good quality white paper preferably no less than 75 gsm. Tables and
figures should be prepared on same type of paper and should also conform to the margin specifications.
Large size figures should be photographically or otherwise reduced to the appropriate size before
insertion.
6. FONT TYPE AND SIZE: The font style should be Times New Roman, font size 12 and line spacing
of 2.0 should be used for typing the general text in the thesis. The same font should be used uniformly
throughout the thesis, unless otherwise mentioned. A sub-heading at the bottom of a page must have at
least two full lines below it or else it should be carried over to the next page. The last word of any page
should not be split using a hyphen.
Single spacing should be used for typing long tables, long quotations, footnotes multilane captions for
tables or figures and references. All quotations exceeding one line should be typed in indented space; the
indentation should be 15 mm from the margin.
7. COVER PAGE (TITLE PAGE)– A specimen copy of the Cover Page (Title Page)for the thesis is
given in Annexure-I. No other logo shall appear on the cover or title page
8. CERTIFICATES – The certificate(s) by the Supervisor(s) shall be included in double line spacing
using font type Times New Roman and font size 12, as per the format shown in Annexure-IIa. If co-
supervisor is also involved complete the Annexure-IIb, These must be typed on the respective official
letter head.
The certificate shall carry the Supervisor‟s signature and shall be followed by the Supervisor‟s name,
academic designation, (do not include any responsibilities of administrative nature here), department and
full address of the institution where the Supervisor guided the research scholar. Declaration certificate
by students shall be as per the specimen shown in Annexure-III. Copyright Transfer Certificate shall be
attached as per the Annexure-IV.
9.ABSTRACT – Abstract should be an essay type of narration, not exceeding four pages, outlining the
research problem, the methodology used for tackling the problem and a summary of the major findings,
typed in double line spacing using font type Times New Roman and font size 12.
10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT – The acknowledgement shall be brief and should not exceed two pages
when typed in double spacing using font type Times New Roman and font size 11. The scholar‟s
signature shall be made at the end above his/her name typed in capitals.
11. TABLE OF CONTENTS– Font size 12 and line Spacing of 1.5 should be adopted while typing the
Table of Contents. The specimen copy of the Table of Contents for thesis is given in Annexure-V.
12. LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES- These will be two separate lists on different pages. List of
tables will be first followed by list of figures. The lists should include exactly the same titles and legends
as they appear in the respective tables and figures used within the text in the thesis. Page numbers on
which they appear should be mentioned in the list. Spacing of 1.5 and font size 12 should be adopted
while typing the matter under these heads.
13. LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS, NOMENCLATURE ETC. - Spacing of 1.5 should be
adopted while preparing this list. Standard symbols, abbreviations and nomenclature etc. should be used.
Abbreviations in the text should be mentioned on their first appearance and properly explained.
14. CHAPTERS –Apart from the introductory chapter, the main body of the thesis may have any
number of relevant chapters properly numbered. Unnecessary chapters should not be included just to
increase the number of pages in the thesis. As far as possible, the desired number of pages as mentioned
earlier should be adhered to. To put the point across; crisp headings, division headings and sub-headings
should be used. The main text should be divided into several chapters based on the aims and objectives.
Each chapter should be given appropriate title and sub –titles wherever necessary like; short introduction
related to the chapters, material and method, results, discussion and conclusion. The tables and figures in
a chapter should be included using single space and placed in the same page as the concerned material,
directly underneath the matter to which they refer or describe. Chapter 1 (Introduction and Review of
literature including hypothesis, aims, objectives and significance); Chapter 2, 3, 4….. (Introduction,
material and methods, results, discussion and conclusion) shall be the standard format for each chapter.
The word CHAPTER (font size 14 bold) should be centered 50 mm down from the top of the page.
Two spaces below, the title should be typed centrally in capital letters. The text should commence on
next page. The division and sub-division captions along with their numberings should be tabbed and
formatted as specified above. The typed material should commence 2 spaces below the division or sub-
division headings. Within a division or sub-division paragraphs are permitted. The paragraphs should
commence 3 spaces below the last line of the preceding paragraph and should be suitably indented from
the left hand margin. Alignment of the text/paragraphs should be „justified‟ throughout the thesis. The
numbering of chapters should be done using Arabic numerals only and further decimal notations should
be used for numbering the divisions and sub-divisions within a chapter. (Specimen copy is attached as
Annexure-Va).
15. TABLES & FIGURES – The word table in this context means the tabulated numerical data
included in the thesis as well as appendices and all diagrammatical material such as charts, pictures,
graphs, maps, photographs and diagrams may be designated as figures.
Tables and figures appearing anywhere in the thesis should bear captions and appropriate numbers in
font size 12 and bold. If four figures happen to be in chapter 3, then the numbering will be as Figure 3.1,
Figure 3.2 and so on. The numbering on the table will also follow the same pattern as Table 1.6, Table
4.2 etc. within chapters 1 and 4, respectively. They would be written as Table (AII.1), Table (AIII.4) if
tables appear in Appendix –II & III of the thesis. Same rule will apply for figures in Appendices.
 A table or figure including the caption should be accommodated within the prescribed margin limits
and appear on the page or after the page (if the table or figure cannot be adjusted on the same page)
where their first reference is made.
 Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should be typed using single spacing and placed in the very
same page which refers to the material they explain.
 Tables and figures on half a page or less in length may appear along with the text. However, they
should be separated from the text both above and below by triple spacing. Two or more small tables or
figures may also be grouped on a single page.
 All tables and figures should be prepared on the same paper used for the preparation of the rest of the
thesis.
 Captions should be placed above the tables and below in/case of figures. No figure or table should be
included in the thesis without a proper caption legend. Captions should be self-explanatory to the extent
possible.
 Samples of fabric, leather, etc. if absolutely necessary, may be fixed/ pasted properly on a page and
should be treated as figures.
Important: - Copyright permission shall be enclosed for the tables/figures reproduced from the
published articles, reviews and books.
16. EQUATIONS – Any equations appearing in the chapters or appendix should also be numbered
serially. For example, an equation appearing in chapter-6 and it happens to be the eighth equation in that
chapter; it should be numbered as Eq. (6.8). Similarly, while referring to 3rd equation in Appendix –II it
would be typed Eq. (AII.3).
17. REFERENCE CITATIONS IN TEXT– APA utilizes a system of brief referencing in the text
of a paper, whether one is paraphrasing or providing a direct quotation from another author‟s work.
Citations in the text usually consist of the name of the author(s) and the year of publication.
 Indirect Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Libraries historically value intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality (LaRue, 2007).
 Indirect Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
LaRue (2007) identified intellectual freedom and patron confidentiality as two key values held
historically by libraries.
 Direct Quotation with Parenthetical Citation
Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to express the other form of interconnectedness–
genealogical rather than ecological” (Gould & Brown, 1991, p. 14).
 Direct Quotation with Author as Part of the Narrative
Gould and Brown (1991) explained that Darwin used the metaphor of the tree of life “to express the
other form of interconnectedness–genealogical rather than ecological” (p. 14). Some examples of
citations in the Text
 Brown (1991) described…
 Brown and Martin (1994) described…..
 Brown et. Al. (1994) described….
18. BIBLIOGRAPHY – A bibliography provides an alphabetical list of sources that may have been
used in order to complete your research work. Bibliography should be in alphabetical order, typed in
double line spacing using font type Times New Roman and font size 12. All the books, Journals,
magazines, websites, etc. referred to, during the course of research work, should be mentioned here.
Books:
Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Publisher City, State: Publisher.
Example:
Finney, J. (1970). Time and again. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
Books found in a Database/e-book
Author, A.A. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from http://xxxx or doi:xxxx
Example:
Sayre, Rebecca K., Devercelli, A.E., Neuman, M.J., &Wodon, Q. (2015). Investment in early childhood
development: Review of the world bank’s recent experience. Doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0403-8
Book Chapter:
Author, A.A. (Publication of Year). Name of the Titles. Chapter Name (pp. x-y). Place: Publisher.
Example:
Clason, G. S. (2008). The tale of seven remedies for a lean purse. The richest man in Babylon (pp. 23-
25). Charleston, SC:BN Publishing.
In case of more than 2 author‟s, it should be cited in the text as Could et al, (1991)
Print Journals:
Author, A.A. (Publication Year). Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.
Example:
Nevin, A. (1990). The changing of teacher education special education. Teacher Education and Special
Education: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children,
13(3-4), 147-148.
Online Journals:
Author, A.A. (Publication Year). Article title. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp. doi:XX.XXXXX
or Retrieved from journal URL
Example:
Jameson, J. (2013). E-Leadership in higher education: The fifth “age” of educational technology
research. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(6), 889-915. Doi: 10.1111/bjet.12103
Print Magazine:
Author, A.A.(Year, month of Publication). Article title. Magazine Title,Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.
Example:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15), 3-40.
Online Magazine:
Author, A.A.(Year, Month of Publication). Article title. Magazine Title,Volume(Issue), Retrieved from
URL with date of access.
Example:
Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or should they go? Time, 167(15) Retrieved from
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1179361,00.html
Print Newspaper:
Author, A.A. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Magazine Title, pp. xx-xx.
Example:
Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal weapon. The New York
Times, p. D5.
Online Newspaper:
Author, A.A. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Newspaper Title,Retrieved from
newspaper homepage URL with date of access.
Example
Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery proves an effective legal weapon.The New York
Times, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Interview:
Author, A.A. (Year, Month Date). Interview type.
Example:
Marino, B. (2014, October 18). Personal Interview.
Online Lecture Notes or Presentation Slides
Author, A.A. (Publication Year). Name or title of lecture [file format]. Retrieved from URL with date of
access.
Example:
Saito, T. (2012). Technology and me: A personal timeline of educational technology [PowerPoint
slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/Bclari25/educational-technology-ppt
19. APPENDICES – Appendices are provided to give supplementary information, which if included
in the main text may serve as a distraction to the central theme under discussion. An appendix in a thesis
should contain important information that serves as additional explanation about the topic of research.
Appendices should be marked with Roman capital numerals (Appendix-I, Appendix-II, Appendix-
III…..)placed on the upper right hand corner of the page, bold, underlined and italicized. Separate
appendices should be used for different type of data. The numbering on pages of appendices should be
in continuation with the main chapters of the thesis using Arabic numerals. Appendices may include:
 Questionnaires, if any. The results should be presented in the body of the thesis.
 Descriptions of any tools and equipments used to obtain necessary results.
 Raw data collected during the course of research may also appears in appendices, while analyzed and
summarized data is presented in the main body of the thesis.
 The list of publications made by the research scholar during the period of research should be brought
in the Appendix titled List of Publications and the same shall be mentioned in the Table of Contents as
a separate heading.
20. SUBMISSION OF THESIS: One spiral bound copy of thesis on the prescribed format along with
one copy of summary and one soft copy on CD are to be submitted to the R&D Office for initial
evaluation as per Annexure-VI. Subsequent to the comments from the Office of the Dean, R&D, the
revised thesis shall be submitted in 4 copies of Spiral bound thesis, 4 copies of spiral bound summary
and one soft copy on CD in R&D Office. The CD must contain all parts/sections and chapters of the
thesis in separate pdf file. A single pdf file of the thesis shall also be included in the CD.
21. FINAL SUBMISSION OF THESIS: After the viva-voce is successfully over, the candidate shall
submit three hard bound copies, two CDs incorporating all the suggestions at Pre-Ph.D. and open viva
voce stage. Out of three hard bound theses, one copy and a CD is to be submitted to Central Library by
the candidate.

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 Annexure-I
(A typical Specimen of Cover Page Text black, Logo Colored 1.5 Inches‟ H/1.54 Inches‟ W, New Times Roman)

<Font 14><Bold><Capital><Center-aligned>
TITLE

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A Thesis
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Submitted
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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of
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DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
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In
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Subject
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Submitted by
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Name
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Department of ______________
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Faculty of _______________
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INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW, INDIA
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Month,Year
 Annexure-IIa

(A typical Specimen of Declaration)

<Font Style Time New Roman, Font Size 12>
[On the Letter Head of the Department (Supervisor)]

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. /Mrs. ____________ ____________ (Enroll. No. _ _ _ _ _) has carried out the
research work presented in the thesis titled “…………………………….” submitted for partial fulfillment for
the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in ………………………………… from Integral
University, Lucknow under my supervision.

It is also certified that:

(i) This thesis embodies the original work of the candidate and has not been earlier submitted
elsewhere for the award of any degree/diploma/certificate.
(ii) The candidate has worked under my supervision for the prescribed period.
(iii) The thesis fulfills the requirements of the norms and standards prescribed by the University
Grants Commission and Integral University, Lucknow, India.
(iv) No published work (figure, data, table etc) has been reproduced in the thesis without express
permission of the copyright owner(s).

Therefore, I deem this work fit and recommend for submission for the award of the aforesaid degree.

Signature of Supervisor

Full Name ________________

Designation: _____________

Address: __________________

Date:
Place:
 Annexure-IIb

(A typical Specimen of Declaration)

<Font Style Time New Roman, Font Size 12>
[On the Letter Head of his/her affiliated Institution (Co-Supervisor)]

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. /Mrs. ____________ ____________ (Enroll. No. _ _ _ _ _) has carried out the
research work presented in the thesis titled “…………………………….” submitted for partial fulfillment for
the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in ………………………………… from Integral
University, Lucknow.

The work has been carried out under my co-supervision.

It is also certified that:

(i) This thesis embodies the original work of the candidate and has not been earlier submitted
elsewhere for the award of any degree/diploma/certificate.
(ii) The candidate has worked under my supervision for the prescribed period.
(iii) The thesis fulfills the requirements of the norms and standards prescribed by the University
Grants Commission and Integral University, Lucknow, India.
(iv) No published work (figure, data, table etc) has been reproduced in the thesis without express
permission of the copyright owner(s).

Therefore, I deem this work fit and recommend for submission for the award of the aforesaid degree.

Signature of Co-Supervisor

Full Name _________________

Designation: _______________

Address____________________

Date :
Place :
 Annexure-III

(A typical Specimen of Declaration)

<Font Style Time New Roman, Font Size 12>

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the thesis titled “______________________________________________” is an authentic
record of the research work carried out by me under the supervision of Dr. ____________________________,
Department of ________________________, for the period from_______ to _______ at Integral University,
Lucknow. No part of this thesis has been presented elsewhere for any other degree or diploma earlier.

I declare that I have faithfully acknowledged and referred to the works of other researchers wherever their
published works have been cited in the thesis. I further certify that I have not willfully taken other's work, para,
text, data, results, tables, figures etc. reported in the journals, books, magazines, reports, dissertations, theses,
etc., or available at web-sites without their permission, and have not included those in this Ph.D. thesis citing as
my own work.

Date:

Signature __________________

Name ______________________

Enroll. No._________________
 Annexure-IV

(A typical Specimen of Copyright Transfer Certificate)

<Font Style Time New Roman, Font Size 12>

COPYRIGHT TRANSFER CERTIFICATE

Title of the Thesis:

Candidate Name:

The undersigned hereby assigns to Integral University all rights under copyright that may exist in and for the
above thesis, authored by the undersigned and submitted to the University for the award of the Ph.D. degree.

The Candidate may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce material extracted verbatim from the thesis or
derivative of the thesis for personal and/or publication purpose(s) provided that the source and the University‟s
copyright notices are indicated.

Signature of Candidate
 Annexure-V

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(Font-Times New Roman, Size-12)

Contents Page No.

Title Page…………………………………………………………………………. (i)
Certificate/s (Supervisor)………………………..……………………………...….(ii)
Certificate/s (Co-Supervisor)…………………………………………………… (iii)
Declaration……………………………………………………………………….. (iv)
Copyright Transfer Certificate……………………………………………….…... (v)
Acknowledgment………………………………………………………………… (vi) - (vii)
List of Tables…………………………………………………………………….. (viii) – (x)
List of Figures……………………………………………………………………. (x) – (xv)
List of Symbols and Abbreviations, Nomenclature etc……………………………(xvi) – (xvii)
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………… (xviii)
Chapter-1 Designing of pipeline software for exogenous drug target identification
1.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………01-15
1.2 Review of Literature ………………………………………………….16-60
1.3 Hypothesis, Aims and Objectives……………………………………..61-63
Chapter-2 Prediction of essential proteins in prokaryotes using support vector machine algorithm
2.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………64-80
2.2 Materials and Methods………………………………………………...81-100
2.2.1 Materials…………………………………………………….....101-110
2.2.2 Protein Database……………………………………………….111-130
2.3 Results…………………………………………………………...……………….131-150
2.4 Discussion………………………………………………………………………..151-175
2.5 Conclusion(s)...…………………………………………………………………..176-180
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………….……181-220
Appendices…………………………………………………………………….……..221-230
List of Publications…………………………………………………………….……..231-260
 Annexure Va

CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Integral University
Integral university, integral university, integral university,
Integral university, integral university, integral university
1.1.1 Faculty of Science
Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science
Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science
1.1.1.1 Department of Mathematics
Department of mathematics, department of mathematics,
Department of mathematics, department of mathematics,
1.1.1.2 Department of Languages
Department of languages, department of languages,
Department of languages, department of languages,
1.1.2 Faculty of Architecture
Faculty of architecture, faculty of architecture,
Faculty of architecture, faculty of architecture,

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 Annexure VI

INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW

(Ph.D. Thesis Submission Form)
1. Name of Candidate : ...........................................................................
2. Department : .......................................................................................
3. Faculty : ...............................................................................................
4. Enrollment No. & Date of Registration : .............................................
5. Name of Supervisor: ............................................................................
6. Name of Co-Supervisor(s), if any:........................................................
7. Title of the Thesis: …………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
8. No. of research paper(s) published (Attach copies of complete publications):
9. I undertake that the remaining research work of thesis will be published within a period of 1 year with the due
credit to the Integral University and its Supervisor(s)
10. I certify that no figures/tables have been reproduced in the thesis without permission from the respective
copyright owners.
11. I hereby submit 1 copy each of the spiral bound thesis, summary & a soft copy of the thesis on CD.

Date: Signature of the Candidate

12. Recommendation (Boxes not to be left empty. Either tick or cross the boxes.)
 Certified that all necessary approved objectives have been completed.
 Recommended for Thesis Submission.
 Certified that no figures/tables have been used in the thesis without permission from the respective
copyright owners.

Signature Signature
Co-Supervisor(s) Supervisor

Signature Signature
Head of the Department Dean
Research and Development Office
 Course Work Status
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Last RDC comments
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Plagiarism check
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 English Language
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Comments of RDC Chairman:-
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Date: Signature
RDC Chairman