ARRANGEMENT OF THE CONTENTS OF THESIS

The sequence in which the thesis contents should be arranged and bound should be as follows:

1. Cover Page and Title Page

2. Declaration
3. Certificate
4. Abstract
5. Acknowledgements
6. Table of Contents
7. List of Tables
8. List of Figures
9. List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature
10. Chapters 1, 2…
11. References
12. Appendices
13. List of Publications (out of the candidate‟s present work)

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

Page Dimensions, Margins, Quality and Fonts

A4 sheets

Left margin: 1” Right Margin: 0.5”

Top Margin: 0.5” Bottom Margin: 0.5”

For Synopsis : simple plain white papers

For final report : A4 size bond papers

Line spacing : 1.15

Font : Times New Roman
Font Size: Regular Text 12 px
Chapter Number 14 px + Bold
Chapter Title 16 px + Bold
Main heading 14 px + Bold + Underline
Sub heading 12 px + Bold
Table and Figure Captions 10px + Bold

Abstract
Abstract should be an essay type of narration not exceeding four pages outlining the research
problem, the methodology used, a summary of the findings, possible applications of the research,
and suggestions/directions for future research. The abstract should not contain cross citations. It
should be typed single line spacing, in Times New Roman with font size 12 within the specified
margin of the page. It should begin with the heading as the title of the thesis in title mode centered
(bold), the name of candidate (next line) centered, and then „ABSTRACT‟ with font size
14, bold and centered. The text of abstract should begin thereafter.

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Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements shall be brief and should not exceed one page when typed in single spacing
Times New Roman with font size 12 within the specified margin of the page. It should begin with
title ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Times New Roman with font size 14 bold as heading
placed in centre. The signature of the candidate shall be made at the bottom right end above
his./her name typed in title case.

Table of Contents
The table of contents should list all the contents following this section. The preceding
section like the Title Page, Certificate and Acknowledgements will not find a place amongst
the items listed in the Table of Contents, but the page numbers in lower case Roman
letters shall be accounted for them. The title TABLE OF CONTENTS in Times New
Roman with size 14 bold as heading be placed in centre. One and a half spacing should
be adopted for typing the contents in a manner shown in specimen copy of the Table of Contents
as given in Annexure V.

List of Tables
The list of tables should use exactly the same numbers and captions as they appear above the
tables in the text. See sections 3.11 and 5.3 for the style of titling, numbering and placing of
tables. Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used.

List of Figures
The list of figures should use exactly the same numbers and captions as they appear below
the figures in the text. See section 3.11 and 5.3 for the style of titling, numbering and placing of
figures. Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used.

List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature

Single spacing in Time New Roman with size 12 should be used typing the matter under this
head. As far as possible, standard and popularly used symbols, abbreviations etc. should be
adopted.

Chapters
Chapters of a thesis may be broadly divided into 3 parts
(i) introduction, literature survey and identification of problem and issues
(ii) (ii) statement, formulation and presentation of the problem, solution approach
(iii) (iii) findings, results, discussion, implementation and conclusions, and directions for
future research.
Tables and figures in a chapter should be typed in title mode in single space in Time New Roman
with font size 12. The titles of tables should be placed directly above the table whereas the titles
of figures should be placed directly

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Tables and figures
By the word Table is meant the representation of tabulated numerical as well as non-numerical
data in the body of the thesis and also in the appendices. All other non-verbal material used in the
body of the thesis and appendices such as charts, graphs, maps, photographs and diagrams may be
designated as figures. A proper representation of a table or a figure and its placement immensely
add to the ability to comprehend the work. Here are few suggestive guide lines in this regard
which, of course, in no way substitute the ingenuity and creativity of an author.
A table or figure including its caption should be accommodated within the prescribed margin
limits and should appear on the page where its reference is made or on the page following the
page in case it is not possible to place it on the same page.
Table and figures on half or less in length should necessarily appear on the same page along with
the text. However, they should be separated from the text both above and below by double
spacing.
All tables and figures should be prepared on the same paper or material used for the preparation of
the rest of the thesis.
Captions of table/figures may use characters, numerals or symbols in the title mode.
Two or more small tables or figures may be grouped if necessary on a single page.
Wherever possible, the entire colour photographs(s) may be reproduced on a full sheet of
photographic paper. More than one photograph can be included on a page.
Samples of fabric, leather, etc., if absolutely necessary may be attached evenly in a page and
fixed/ pasted suitably and should be treated as figures.

Citation of References in the Thesis

Any work of other researchers used either directly or indirectly used in the research must be
indicated at appropriate places in the thesis. It could be a journal paper, a paper in conference
proceedings, a monograph, a personal communication, or a book; in physical or electronic form.
The standard should be followed as given below:
If more than two authors the “Sir name of the first author et al. []”
e.g., [73] A. Rao, R. K. Singh, and N. Srivastava, “In band Full-duplex Radio: A survey”
in International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2019, vol I, pp. 81-86. Should
be cited as Rao et al. [73]
 If two authors then “Sir name of first and Sirname of second author []” e.g., [79] S.
Sawyer and P.J. Guiman, “Software Development: Processing and Performance,”
BM Syst. J.,vol 37, no. 4, pp. 552-569, 1998. Should be cited as Sawyer and
Guinan [79]
 If single author paper then “Full name of author []”
e.g., [72] R. Snijders, “Crowed Centric Requirements,” in International Conference on
Utility and Cloud Computing, 2014, pp. 614-615. Should be cited as R. Snijders [72]

Listing of References in the REFERENCE section

The listing of references should be typed in alphabetical order of the first author‟s name in single
spacing starting 4 spaces below the heading REFERENCES in Times New Roman with font
size 14 bold. The references should be serially numbered, separated by single space. For typing
the references, Times New Roman with font size 11 is recommended. Few suggestive examples
given in section 8 should be followed for referencing.

Appendices
Appendices in a thesis are provided to give supplementary information, which if included in the
main text may serve as a distraction and could tend to dilute the central theme under discussion.
Each appendix must find its reference in the main body of the thesis.
Appendices shall carry the title of the contents reported and the same title shall be made in the
contents page also.
Appendices should be numbered using Roman numerals in upper case, e.g. Appendix I, Appendix
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II, etc.
Figures, tables, equations and references appearing in appendices should be numbered locally to
an appendix e.g. II.1, II.2, III.5, etc. and should be referred to at appropriate places just as in the
case of chapters.

List of Publications of the Candidate

The list of publications made by research scholar during the period of research and pertaining to
the thesis submitted for the degree should be listed in chronological order in the order of
international refereed journals, national refereed journals, proceedings of the conferences, in the
same style as followed in providing the list of references (section 8). These publications,
wherever relevant should be referred to in the main body of the thesis.

Chapters, Sections, Sub-sections, and Paragraphs

The format for typing Chapter headings, Section headings and sub-section headings are explained
through the following illustrative examples.

Chapter headings : CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Section : 1.1 OUTLINE OF THESIS

Sub-section heading : 1.1.1 Literature Review.

The word CHAPTER (no.) without punctuation should be centered 50mm down from the top
of the page. Two spaces below, the title of the chapter should be typed centrally in upper case
(capital letters) TITLE OF THE CHAPTER. The text should commence 4 spaces below
this title, the first letter of the text starting 10mm, inside from the left-hand margin.

The section or sub-section headings preceded by their numberings should be left-justified. The
typed material directly below section or sub-section headings should commence one space below
it and should be offset 10mm from the left- hand margin. The text can be divided over paragraphs
within a section or sub-section. Each paragraph should commerce one space below the last
line of the preceding paragraph, the first letter in the paragraph being indented from the left-hand
margin by 10mm. The last paragraph of any heading should follow two spaces before the next
section heading.

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2. NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS
5.1. Page Numbering
The preliminary pages of the thesis (such as Title page, Acknowledgement,
Table of Contents etc.) should be numbered in lower case Roman numerals e.g.
(i), (ii), (iii), …. The Title page, however, will be treated numbered as (i) but this
will not be typed. The page immediately following the title page shall be
numbered (ii) and it should appear at the bottom center of the page, and so on.
Pages of the main text, starting with Chapter 1 should be consecutively
numbered using Arabic numerals e.g. 1, 2, …. All page numbers (whether
Roman or Arabic) should be typed without punctuation in the center of the page
15mm above from the bottom.

5.2. Numbering of Chapters, Sections and Sub-sections

The numbering of Chapters, sections and sub-sections should be done using
Arabic numerals only and further decimal notation should be used for
numbering the sections and sub-sections within a chapter. For examples sub-
section 4 under section 3 of chapter 2 should be numbered as 2.3.4. The heading
for a section or a sub-section should immediately follow in the same line after
the number with a line spacing of 1.15 in between.
Appendices and their sections and sub-sections should be numbered in an
identical manner using upper case Roman e.g. I, II, starting with Appendix I.

5.3. Numbering of Tables and Figures

Tables and figures appearing anywhere in the thesis should bear appropriate
numbers.
The rule for assigning such numbers is illustrated through an example. If a
figure in Chapter 3, happens to be the fourth then Fig. 3.4 is assigned to that
figure. Identical rules apply for tables except that the word figure is replaced by
the word Table. If figures (or tables) appear in appendices, for example the third
figure in Appendix II will be designated as Fig. II.3. If a table is to be continued
into the next page, then a line should be drawn underneath an unfinished table
and the phrase continued on page no… placed on the right side and underlined
should be typed just below the line. The top line of the table continued on the
next page should, for example read Table 2.1 (continued) placed centrally and
underlined.

While referring to a figure or table in the body of the thesis it should be referred
to as Fig. 3.4, Table 2.1, Table II.6, and so on.

5.4. Numbering of Equations

Equations appearing in each Chapter or Appendix should be numbered serially,
the numbering commencing afresh for each Chapter or Appendix. For example,
the eighth equation in Chapter 2, should be numbered as (2.8) thus:

𝑝ƒ =
𝑝ƒ1
1−𝑝 + 𝑝,
0 1 (2.8)
ƒ ƒ

While referring to this equation in the body of the thesis it should be referred to
as Eq. (2.8).

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SIZE OF THESIS
for M.Tech., it should not generally exceed around 150 pages.

REFERENCES
For knowing more about the styles and presentation, the following few references should be
followed:

Journal Research Papers:

1. Nintanavongsa, Prusayon, Ufuk Muncuk, David Richard Lewis, and Kaushik Roy
Chowdhury. "Design optimization and implementation for RF energy harvesting circuits."
IEEE Journal on emerging and selected topics in circuits and systems 2, no. 1 (2012): 24-33.
2. Lee, Hoon, Sang-Rim Lee, Kyoung-Jae Lee, Han-Bae Kong, and Inkyu Lee. "Optimal
beamforming designs for wireless information and power transfer in MISO interference
channels." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications14, no. 9 (2015): 4810-4821.
3. Mo, Jeonghoon, Hoi-Sheung Wilson So, and Jean Walrand. "Comparison of multichannel
MAC protocols." IEEE Transactions on mobile computing 7, no. 1 (2008): 50-65.

Conference Papers:

1 Clancy, T. Charles. "Achievable capacity under the interference temperature

model." In IEEE INFOCOM 2007-26th IEEE International Conference on
Computer Communications, pp. 794-802. IEEE, 2007.
2 Pandharipande, Ashish, and J-PMG Linnartz. "Performance analysis of primary
user detection in a multiple antenna cognitive radio." In 2007 IEEE
International Conference on Communications, pp. 6482-6486. IEEE, 2007.
3 Zheng, Haitao, and Chunyi Peng. "Collaboration and fairness in opportunistic
spectrum access." In IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005.
ICC 2005. 2005, vol. 5, pp. 3132-3136. IEEE, 2005.

Workshop Papers:

1. Mitola Iii, Joseph. "Cognitive radio for flexible mobile multimedia

communications." Mobile Networks and Applications 6, no. 5 (2001): 435-441.
2. Holland, Oliver, Vasilis Friderikos, and A. Hamid Aghvami. "Green spectrum
management for mobile operators." In 2010 IEEE Globecom Workshops, pp.
1458-1463. IEEE, 2010.
3. Cabric, Danijela, Artem Tkachenko, and Robert W. Brodersen.
"Experimental study of spectrum sensing based on energy detection and
network cooperation." In Proceedings of the first international workshop on
Technology and policy for accessing spectrum, p. 12. ACM, 2006.

Books:
1. Marsch, Patrick, and Gerhard P. Fettweis, eds. Coordinated Multi-Point in
Mobile Communications: from theory to practice. Cambridge University Press,
2011.
2. Xiao, Yang, and Fei Hu, eds. Cognitive radio networks. CRC press, 2008.
6 | P a g e 3. Caso, Giuseppe, Mai T. Phuong Le, Luca De Nardis, and Maria-Gabriella Di
 Benedetto. "Non-cooperative and cooperative spectrum sensing in 5G cognitive
networks." Handbook of Cognitive Radio (2017): 1-2

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