INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON
DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION LTD.

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL AND AUTOMATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by
SASHMIT 02914803621

Under the Supervision of

(Industry Supervisor and Mentor)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PSP AREA, PLOT NO. 1, SECTOR-22, ROHINI, DELHI-110086
2023-2024
 declaration

This is to certify that this report is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical and Automation Engineering

This report document titled: INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT is done by SASHMIT at

DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION LTD. during his internship program under the
guidance of Sh. Rishal Singh (Training Coordinator).

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidates is true to the best of my
knowledge and belief.

Industry Supervisor RISHAL SINGH

Mentor Name MR. NARINDER KAUSHIK

Date 21 OCT 2024

CERTIFICATE FROM ORGANIZATION
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Delhi Metro Rail

Corporation (DMRC) for providing me the invaluable opportunity to intern at
their esteemed organization. This internship has been a profoundly enriching
experience, both professionally and personally.
I am especially grateful to Sh. Rishal Singh for their constant guidance, support,
and encouragement throughout the course of my internship. Their insights and
expertise have greatly enhanced my learning and have contributed significantly
to my overall growth.
I would also like to extend my appreciation to the entire team at DMRC for their
warmth and collaboration, which made my time at the organization truly
enjoyable and fulfilling.
Finally, I acknowledge the role of MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY for facilitating this internship and enabling me to gain practical
exposure to the field.
Thank you once again for this wonderful experience.

SASHMIT
Rolling Stock Dpt.
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC)
24 JUNE 2024 - 21 JULY 2024
Self-Assessment of Major Project by Student

I hereby declare that I have worked under following section during completion of
internship at DMRC

a)Overview Of Airport Line Metro

b)Inspection Section
c)Door Section
d)HVAC Section

Name: SASHMIT
Enrollment no.: 02914803621
 ABSTRACT

This report outlines the summer training I completed at the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
(DMRC) as part of my B.Tech. in Mechanical and Automation Engineering. The primary
objective of this training was to gain firsthand experience and knowledge about the
operations and maintenance of the DMRC’s advanced metro system, focusing specifically
on the mechanical aspects.
During the training, I was introduced to various systems and subsystems of metro
operations, including rolling stock management, mechanical systems like bogies and
braking mechanisms, and critical components such as primary and secondary suspensions.
I worked closely with experienced engineers and technical staff who provided technical
demonstrations and guidance, allowing me to understand the complex systems required for
efficient metro functioning.
This training provided an invaluable learning opportunity, enabling me to apply academic
concepts to real-world applications in the metro rail industry. It also deepened my
understanding of the practical challenges and technological innovations that make DMRC
a benchmark for urban transit systems in India.
 Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Overview of DMRC
• Training Structure and Objectives
• Departments at DMRC
• Rolling Stock
• Signaling
• Telecom
• P-Way (Permanent Way)
• Key Learnings
• Bogie Design and Configuration
• HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
• Brake Systems
• Technical Insights
• Primary and Secondary Suspensions
• Propulsion Systems
• Auxiliary Power Supply
• Operations and Maintenance Practices
• Safety and Security Features in DMRC
• Conclusion
• References
1. Introduction

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) is one of India’s most prominent urban
transportation networks, revolutionizing how people travel across the National Capital Region
(NCR). Since its inception, DMRC has earned a reputation for its technological innovation,
operational efficiency, and environmental sustainability, setting a benchmark not only in India
but across the globe. As a state-of-the-art urban mass transit system, DMRC has played a
significant role in alleviating traffic congestion, reducing pollution levels, and providing a
reliable, safe, and comfortable means of public transportation for millions of commuters.

Founded in 1995, DMRC operates a massive network spanning over 400 kilometers and
serving approximately 5 million passengers daily across 10 lines and more than 250 stations.
The system operates on advanced technology, including an extensive network of underground,
elevated, and at-grade tracks, using modern trains that are powered by electricity. The 25kV
alternating current (AC) catenary system powers the trains, contributing to the system's energy
efficiency and minimal environmental impact..

Given its scale, complexity, and influence, DMRC presents a wealth of learning opportunities
for engineering students, particularly those specializing in mechanical and automation systems.
My summer training at DMRC was an incredible opportunity to gain hands-on experience and
an in-depth understanding of how large-scale transit systems like DMRC operate. This
internship was especially relevant for me as a mechanical engineering student, as it allowed
me to explore the crucial role that mechanical systems play in the daily operations of the metro.

The primary goal of my internship was to gain practical exposure to the maintenance,
operation, and design of mechanical systems that form the backbone of DMRC’s operations.
From the rolling stock (trains) and bogie systems to air conditioning, braking, and other
essential components, I was exposed to the real-world applications of mechanical engineering
in a metro environment. The internship was designed to offer students a holistic understanding
of the metro’s functioning, focusing on integrating theoretical knowledge with practical
exposure.

This report aims to provide a detailed overview of my experiences and learnings during the
internship, with a particular focus on mechanical systems such as bogies, brakes, suspensions,
and other critical components of DMRC's operation. It also highlights the importance of
preventive maintenance, advanced technologies, and sustainable engineering practices in
ensuring the system’s efficiency, safety, and reliability.
2. Overview of DMRC

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) is a flagship project that has transformed public
transportation in India, particularly in the National Capital Region (NCR). Established in 1995,
DMRC was created with the vision of constructing and operating a world-class Mass Rapid
Transit System (MRTS) in Delhi. The corporation operates as a joint venture between the
Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD),
with an equal equity partnership.

Since the launch of its first corridor in December 2002, DMRC has grown exponentially in
terms of its infrastructure and operations. The metro network currently spans over 400
kilometers, with more than 250 stations covering Delhi and its neighboring cities such as
Noida, Ghaziabad, Gurgaon, and Faridabad. DMRC operates 10 lines, including the Red Line,
Yellow Line, Blue Line, Green Line, Violet Line, Pink Line, Magenta Line, Grey Line, Aqua
Line, and the Airport Express Line, ensuring comprehensive connectivity across the region.

One of DMRC's key features is its use of advanced technology and sustainable engineering
practices. The trains are powered by electricity, utilizing a 25kV alternating current (AC)
overhead catenary system, which minimizes pollution and energy consumption. Additionally,
DMRC stations are equipped with solar panels and green building features to reduce energy
usage. The organization is also committed to water conservation, with many stations employing
rainwater harvesting systems and wastewater recycling processes.

The rolling stock used by DMRC comprises modern, air-conditioned trains with automated
systems for safety and efficiency. The trains are equipped with regenerative braking, which
feeds power back into the grid when the brakes are applied, thereby reducing overall energy
consumption. The train operations are supported by a robust signaling system, including the
Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) system that ensures high-frequency and reliable
service.

DMRC's operation is maintained through several departments, including signaling,

telecommunications, rolling stock, track maintenance, and automatic fare collection (AFC)
systems. The corporation also operates a dedicated training institute at Shastri Park to ensure
that employees are well-trained in operating and maintaining the metro system, further
enhancing the quality of service.

In terms of security, DMRC has implemented a comprehensive system involving over 7,000
personnel from the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), along with surveillance cameras,
metal detectors, X-ray baggage scanners, and periodic security drills. Each train and station is
closely monitored to ensure the safety of passengers, making DMRC one of the safest public
transport systems in the world.
4. Departments at DMRC

4.1 Rolling Stock Department

The Rolling Stock Department is primarily responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of the
metro trains. Key activities include bogie maintenance, ensuring the functionality of brake
systems, and preserving the overall structural integrity of the train carriages. Regular
inspections and preventive maintenance are carried out to avoid any operational breakdowns.
The department plays a vital role in ensuring that the rolling stock remains safe, reliable, and
efficient for daily metro services.

4.2 Signaling Department

The Signaling Department is responsible for managing and maintaining the metro’s train
control and signaling systems. This department plays a crucial role in ensuring that train
movements are smooth, safe, and free from any risks of collisions. With advanced signaling
technology, such as Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC), the department ensures that
trains are spaced safely apart and that service intervals are maintained to optimize operations.

4.3 Telecom Department

The Telecom Department oversees all communication systems within DMRC, including those
between trains, stations, and the central control centers. The department ensures that real-time
communication is maintained, which is essential for train operations, emergency management,
and passenger safety. This includes maintaining telecommunication networks, radio systems,
and public address systems.

4.4 P-Way (Permanent Way) Department

The P-Way (Permanent Way) Department is tasked with maintaining the rail tracks. This
involves regular inspections, realignment of the tracks, and ensuring that they are in good
condition to support the smooth and safe running of the trains. Any issues with the track
alignment can lead to operational delays or safety risks, making the P-Way department’s role
critical to the overall metro system's efficiency.
5. Key Learnings

5.1 Bogie Design and Configuration

A bogie is a critical component of metro trains, consisting of the wheeled structure beneath
each car that supports the train’s weight and enables smooth movement on the tracks. Each
bogie typically has two axles and is connected to the metro car body through a combination of
primary and secondary suspensions.

- Primary Suspension: This handles high-frequency vibrations and vertical forces generated
by the movement of the train, ensuring stability and comfort.

- Secondary Suspension: It absorbs larger forces and helps maintain a constant floor level
within the train car, providing a smooth ride for passengers by absorbing shocks from the
tracks.

Understanding the design and configuration of bogies is essential in maintaining the durability
and smooth operation of metro trains.

5.2 HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)

The HVAC system in DMRC metro cars is critical to passenger comfort. It maintains the
internal temperature of the train at an optimal level and ensures the circulation of fresh air. The
system uses filters to reduce airborne particles, dust, and pollution, contributing to a more
pleasant and healthier environment within the metro cars. Proper functioning of HVAC systems
is vital in extreme weather conditions to keep passengers comfortable and safe.

5.3 Brake Systems

The pneumatic brake system used in DMRC trains ensures efficient and safe stopping. The
system is composed of several components, including brake cylinders, air compressors, and
disc brakes, that work together to provide both normal and emergency braking. The brake
system is critical for passenger safety and helps control the train’s speed, particularly during
station stops and in case of emergency halts. Understanding the maintenance and operation of
this system is key to ensuring the overall safety and functionality of the metro services.
6. Technical Insights

6.1 Primary and Secondary Suspensions

The suspension systems used in DMRC trains play a vital role in providing a smooth and
comfortable ride by absorbing shocks and reducing vibrations. These systems are essential for
maintaining stability, especially on uneven or curved sections of the track.

- Air Springs:

The secondary suspension system, in particular, uses air springs to maintain a consistent train
height regardless of the number of passengers onboard. This helps in balancing the load and
ensuring optimal performance in terms of ride quality and comfort. The air springs adjust the
suspension height dynamically, enhancing both safety and passenger experience.

6.2 Propulsion Systems

DMRC trains are equipped with advanced propulsion systems that efficiently convert electrical
energy into mechanical power. These systems are responsible for driving the trains forward
and allowing them to reach speeds of up to 75 km/h. The propulsion technology is based on
electric traction motors, which offer benefits like reduced emissions and lower energy
consumption compared to conventional propulsion methods.

Efficient management of energy use within these systems contributes to the overall cost-
effectiveness and environmental sustainability of metro operations.

6.3 Auxiliary Power Supply

The auxiliary power system ensures that the non-propulsion systems on the metro train, such
as lighting, ventilation, air conditioning, and control mechanisms, are fully operational. It
provides the necessary electrical power for various critical functions without interrupting the
propulsion system. This independent supply is crucial for maintaining operational efficiency
and passenger comfort. Proper management and maintenance of auxiliary power systems are
essential for uninterrupted services.7. Operations and Maintenance Practices

.
7. Operations and Maintenance Practices

The DMRC follows stringent operations and maintenance protocols to ensure that the metro
system runs efficiently, safely, and reliably. These practices are integral to maintaining the high
standards of service that DMRC is known for. The maintenance procedures encompass routine
inspections, servicing, and proactive measures to prevent any issues before they affect
operations.

- Regular Inspections:

Critical systems such as bogies, braking systems, HVAC, and signaling equipment undergo
routine inspections to identify and rectify potential issues early. These inspections are carried
out by skilled technicians who ensure that all components are functioning optimally and meet
the required safety standards.

- Predictive Maintenance:

The DMRC employs advanced predictive maintenance techniques that use data analytics and
monitoring systems to forecast equipment wear and tear. By analyzing trends in performance
data, technicians can predict when components are likely to fail and schedule maintenance
before any disruption occurs. This reduces the likelihood of unexpected breakdowns.

- Preventive Maintenance:

Preventive maintenance involves scheduled servicing of equipment, even if there are no

apparent issues. The focus is on mitigating the risk of system failures and extending the lifespan
of key components. For example, lubrication of moving parts, calibration of signaling systems,
and regular checks of HVAC filters are all part of preventive measures to ensure operational
efficiency.

- Enhancing System Reliability:

Through these maintenance practices, DMRC not only enhances the reliability of its metro
systems but also ensures passenger safety. These measures reduce train downtime, improve
energy efficiency, and optimize the operational schedule, allowing the metro system to function
smoothly even under high demand conditions.

By integrating both predictive and preventive maintenance strategies, DMRC significantly

reduces operational risks, enhances performance, and ensures the long-term sustainability of
the metro network.
8. Safety and Security Features in DMRC

DMRC places a strong emphasis on ensuring passenger safety and security. The organization
has implemented a comprehensive set of measures designed to safeguard both passengers and
metro assets. These safety features are regularly updated to meet international standards and to
adapt to evolving security challenges.

- CCTV Surveillance:

Trains, stations, and depots are equipped with closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras that
are monitored around the clock. This helps in preventing and responding to any incidents in
real-time, ensuring quick intervention when necessary. The surveillance system also acts as a
deterrent to potential unlawful activities, contributing to overall passenger safety.

- Platform Screen Doors:

In several high-traffic stations, platform screen doors (PSDs) are installed to prevent passengers
from accidentally or intentionally falling onto the tracks. These doors remain closed until the
train arrives at the station, aligning with the train doors to allow safe entry and exit.

- Emergency Systems:

Every metro train and station is equipped with multiple emergency systems to address any
urgent situations:

- Intercoms:

Passengers can communicate directly with the train operator or station control room in case of
emergencies.

- Fire Retardant Materials:

DMRC uses fire-resistant materials in trains and stations to minimize fire hazards and enhance
the safety of passengers.

- Emergency Alarms:

Easily accessible emergency alarms in trains and stations can be used to alert metro staff of
any critical incidents, enabling immediate action.

- Disaster Preparedness and Evacuation Protocols:

DMRC regularly conducts drills to prepare staff and passengers for emergencies such as fires,
natural disasters, or terrorist threats. Clear evacuation routes, emergency lighting, and trained
personnel ensure that in the event of an emergency, passengers are safely guided out of stations
or trains.
- Security Personnel:

Trained security staff are deployed across the metro network, ensuring the safety of passengers,
responding to incidents, and enforcing regulations.

Through the integration of these safety and security features, DMRC ensures a secure travel
environment for millions of commuters each day. These systems work in tandem to not only
prevent accidents and incidents but also provide a quick response when needed, reinforcing the
corporation’s commitment to passenger safety.
9. Conclusion

The summer training at the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) was an invaluable
opportunity that allowed me to gain hands-on experience in the operation and maintenance of
a state-of-the-art metro system. Throughout the program, I was exposed to the intricate
workings of various technical systems, such as bogies, HVAC systems, brake mechanisms, and
propulsion technology, which are essential for the efficient functioning of the metro.

This experience not only expanded my technical knowledge but also provided insights into the
importance of safety protocols, preventive maintenance, and the overall operational standards
that keep the metro system running smoothly. Understanding how each department—from
Rolling Stock to Signaling—plays a critical role in maintaining the metro's reliability was a
highlight of my training.

The knowledge and skills I have acquired from this program will be a strong foundation for
my future career in the transportation or railway sector. It has reinforced my interest in
mechanical systems and public transportation infrastructure, and I feel better equipped to
contribute to the development of modern transit solutions.

10.References

1. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC). (n.d.). About Us. Retrieved from
www.delhimetrorail.com

2. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC). (n.d.). Annual Reports. Retrieved from
www.delhimetrorail.com

3. Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC). (2021). Technical Specifications of Metro

Rolling Stock. Retrieved from www.delhimetrorail.com

4. Jain, A., & Gupta, R. (2019). Safety Management in Metro Rail Systems: A Case Study
of DMRC. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 8(4),
1-6.