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STIs

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18 views2 pages

STIs

Uploaded by

Acel Peñaloza
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© © All Rights Reserved
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5.

Syphilis Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)


a preventable and curable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI). If
untreated, it can cause serious health issues. Many people with syphilis do not  are spread mainly by sexual contact. STIs are caused by bacteria, viruses or
have symptoms or do not notice them. Syphilis is transmitted during oral, vaginal parasites. A sexually transmitted infection may pass from person to person in
and anal sex, in pregnancy and through blood transfusion. Syphilis in pregnancy blood, semen, or vaginal and other bodily fluids.
may lead to stillbirth, newborn death and babies born with syphilis (congenital
syphilis). Common Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
 Symptoms
Many people with syphilis do not notice any symptoms. They can also go 1. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
unnoticed by heathcare providers. Untreated, syphilis lasts many years. Syphilis has an infection that attacks the body’s immune system. Acquired
several stages. immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of the
disease. HIV targets the body’s white blood cells, weakening the immune
Primary syphilis (first stage): system. This makes it easier to get sick with diseases like tuberculosis,
- usually lasts around 21 days infections and some cancers.
- a round, painless, usually hard sore (chancre) appears on the genitals, anus  Signs and Symptoms
or elsewhere The symptoms of HIV vary depending on the stage of infection. In the
- the chancre may not be noticed and will heal in 3–10 days first few weeks after being infected people may not experience symptoms.
- progresses to the second stage if untreated. Others may have an influenza-like illness including:
Secondary syphilis: - Fever
- includes a non-itchy rash, usually on the palms and soles of the feet - Headache
- white or grey lesions appear in warm and moist areas, such as the labia or - Rash
anus, at the site of the chancre - sore throat.
- symptoms will go away without treatment. The infection progressively weakens the immune system. This can
Latent syphilis: cause other signs and symptoms:
- often has no symptoms - swollen lymph nodes
- progresses to the third and final stage of syphilis (tertiary) after years if - weight loss
untreated - fever
- tertiary syphilis can lead to brain and cardiovascular diseases, among other - diarrhea
conditions. - cough.
Without treatment, people with HIV infection can also develop
severe illnesses like tuberculosis (TB), cryptococcal meningitis, severe
bacterial infections, and cancers. HIV causes other infections to get worse,
such as hepatitis C, hepatitis B and mpox.

2. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)


a common infection that can cause painful blisters or ulcers. It primarily
spreads by skin-to-skin contact. It is treatable but not curable. There are two
types of herpes simplex virus.
o Type 1 (HSV-1) mostly spreads by oral contact and causes infections in
or around the mouth (oral herpes or cold sores). It can also cause genital
herpes. Most adults are infected with HSV-1.
o Type 2 (HSV-2) spreads by sexual contact and causes genital herpes.

 Symptoms
Most people with herpes have no symptoms or only mild symptoms. Many
people aren’t aware they have the infection and can pass along the virus to others 4. Gonorrhea
without knowing. Symptoms can include painful, recurring blisters or ulcers. New a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a bacteria called
infections may cause fever, body aches and swollen lymph nodes. Symptoms may be Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae). It’s also sometimes called “the clap”
different during the first episode (or ‘outbreak’) of infection than during a recurrent or “drip.” Gonorrhea is spread through sexual fluids, including vaginal fluid
episode. If symptoms occur, they often begin with tingling, itching or burning near and semen. You can get gonorrhea from intercourse, anal sex, oral sex, or
where the sores will appear. sharing sex toys with an infected person.
Common oral herpes symptoms include blisters (cold sores) or open sores  Symptoms in women
(ulcers) in or around the mouth or lips. Common genital herpes symptoms include People assigned female at birth — including cisgender women,
bumps, blisters, or open sores (ulcers) around the genitals or anus. transgender men and nonbinary people with vaginas — often don’t experience
These sores and blisters are typically painful. Blisters may break open, ooze and symptoms. This is why it’s essential to get tested for gonorrhea if you believe
then crust over. During their first infection, people may experience: you’ve been exposed.
- Fever When symptoms are present, they may include:
- body aches - Unusual vaginal discharge (white or yellow).
- sore throat (oral herpes) - Pain in your lower abdomen or pelvis (belly).
- headache - Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia).
- swollen lymph nodes near the infection. - Pain or burning when you pee (dysuria).
People can have repeated outbreaks over time (‘recurrences’). These are - Bleeding between periods.
usually shorter and less severe than the first outbreak.  Symptoms in men
People assigned male at birth — including cisgender men, transgender
3. Chlamydia women and nonbinary people with penises — are more likely to experience
a common sexually transmitted infection that can occur in both men and symptoms. Still, you may not notice signs of infection until several weeks after
women. It is caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis. It is easily you’ve been exposed, meaning that you can unknowingly infect partners.
treated and cured with antibiotics. Symptoms may include:
 Signs and Symptoms - White, yellow or green discharge from your penis.
Many people with chlamydia have no symptoms or only mild symptoms. If - Pain or burning (possibly severe) when peeing (madysuria).
symptoms occur, they may not appear until up to three weeks after having sex - Testicular pain and swollen testicles.
with someone who has chlamydia.  Symptoms in all gender
In women, common symptoms include: People of all genders can get gonorrhea infections in the throat (through
- a change in vaginal discharge oral sex on the genitals or anus) or rectum (through anal sex). These types of
- bleeding between menstrual periods or after sex infections are less common than gonorrhea affecting the genitals.
- pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen Symptoms may include:
- burning sensation when urinating. - Throat: Itchy feeling, scratchiness, soreness (similar to a sore
Common symptoms in men include: throat), trouble swallowing.
- burning when urinating - Anus: Itching, discharge, pain when you poop.
- discharge from the penis
- pain or discomfort in the testicles.
Anal infection in women and men can cause
- pain
- discharge
- bleeding.

Chlamydia can also infect the throat often without symptoms.

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